CN102169190B - Well-constrained pre-stack elastic parameter inversing method for modulating supplemented subspace - Google Patents
Well-constrained pre-stack elastic parameter inversing method for modulating supplemented subspace Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a well-constrained pre-stack elastic parameter inversing method for modulating supplemented subspace, belonging to the field of seismic log. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that: the computation time is shortened so that the running time is shortened and the cost is reduced; the processing parameters can be adjusted so that a better processing result can be obtained; the frequency-increasing data wave group detailed information is not abundant so that the wave group characteristics of original seismic events and the interlaminar information of original profiles are maintained and the resolution of the profiles is enhanced; the undue dependence on a stratified model is avoided to ensure that the information of combined reconstruction beside the well is preferably fitted with the log information, and the non-stratified information contained in seismic data can be fully reflected outside the well; therefore, the problem of matching the seismic data of reservoir stratums (stratums such as fluvial facies reservoir stratum, carbonatite pore and fissure and hole intensive belt and the like ) with reticular characteristics with the well information is solved.
Description
1. technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of well constraint prestack elastic parameter inversion method of modulating complemented subspace, belong to well constraint seismic data high-frequency reconstruction method, belong to the well-shooting field.
2. background technology
Log data and mistake well seismic data are combined closely; Replenish the deficiency of seismic data bandwidth with the abundant well-log information of high-frequency information, thereby improve the resolution of seismic data, avoided undue dependence stratified model; The information of feasible associating reconstruction is other and well-log information better fitting at well; Reflect the contained non-stratiform information of seismic data fully in the well external enwergy, can carry out fine description, set up the technology and the method for a cover well logging-seismic data ripple elastic parameter joint inversion reservoir characteristic.
The application of high-frequency information recovery technology in seismic data is handled in recent years obtained attention.The Fusion Oil Tech Inc of the U.S. claims and developed a kind of revolutionary wideband spectrum inversion technique, and this technology can be rejected wavelet and do not need well to demarcate, need not given prior model, do not need a layer position information, but this technical method principle is maintained secrecy.2003, another kind of high frequency recovery technology HiSpec technology was tested, and claims the technology of low frequency to the high frequency projection of having used, and its effect is that lineups attenuate, and little lineups increase, but continuity is still better.Sun Xiping (2007) proposes a kind of tuning energy enhancing method and discerns thin reservoir, and this method utilizes thin layer tuning theoretical according to the earthquake sequence model, gives prominence to the thin bed reflections energy, improves earthquake to the thin layer recognition capability through the self-adaptation enhancements of pulse constraint.Academia's high-frequency reconstruction thinking comprises methods such as sparse pulse inverting, frequency spectrum continuation, spectral whitening, histogram modification at present.
(1) sparse pulse inversion method is the control through iterations and Cauchy's constrained parameters, can the frequency band of seismic data be risen to any frequency that sampling thheorem can satisfy, and can not break original lineups trend of ring and trend.
(2) the frequency spectrum continuation is to fill up unknown frequency spectrum with known frequency spectrum, and this method also can play the effect that recovers high frequency.
(3) the spectral whitening method flattens the frequency spectrum in the required frequency band range in broadening seismic data frequency spectrum, thereby has improved the resolution of seismic data.Spectral whitening is a zero phase, and it does not change the phase spectrum of seismic data, but has following problem: the splicing between the successive bands is prone to produce distortion; Frequency range can not be too little, otherwise can cause this effect of comparatively serious jeep; Be easy to generate stronger high frequency noise.
(4) histogram method is the method that Luo Yi proposes, and the histogram of the distribution through the analytic signal value is adjusted it and distributed, and can obtain a kind of nonlinear transformation of functional value, improves the resolution that shows.
Well-log information has higher vertical resolution, can differentiate decimeter grade, but horizontal resolution characteristic wretched insufficiency only limits near the wellhole; And the area coverage of 3-D seismics is wide, and well laterally resolution characteristic is arranged, but vertical resolution also is nowhere near, and both is combined can obtain existing higher vertical resolution, and the high resolving power section of lateral continuity is preferably arranged again.Usually people through seismic trace near well and well logging theogram to recently verifying the correctness of High-resolution Processing, we can directly utilize the high-frequency information of well to retrain the high-frequency reconstruction of seismic data in that the well area is arranged.
Sparse pulse inversion method is obtained a seismic wavelet earlier, represents the frequency spectrum of this wavelet usually with earthquake power spectrum envelope, asks its minimum phase wavelet or zero-phase wavelet.Then; Suppose that reflection coefficient satisfies non-Gaussian distribution, thereby in the deconvolution least square method, introduce nonlinear terms that its effect is the decoupling zero character of destroying between the stationary time series spectrum component; Introduce the coupling between the spectrum component, thereby move on to high frequency to the earthquake low frequency.In spatial domain, this non-Gaussian distribution is introduced pulse compression mechanism, makes it reduce small-pulse effect, compresses big pulse.But this method does not also meet the terrestrial facies thin interbed situation that big reflection and little reflection all exist.This method advantage is the control through iterations and Cauchy's constrained parameters, can the frequency band of seismic data be risen to any frequency that sampling thheorem can satisfy, and can not break original lineups trend of ring and trend.
Yet prior art exists following not enough: it is long that (1) existing method is calculated required time, and general work area needs several hrs to accomplish single treatment to several days ability, need employ parallel processing, and operating cost is high; (2) should not adjust parameter repeatedly and obtain result preferably; (3) resultingly carrying that frequently data ripple group detailed information is abundant, is merely that lineups attenuate or become broken, can not show the alternate characteristic of seismic section thickness, has lost the interlayer information of former section; (4), be not suitable for net-like character reservoir (stratum such as fluvial depositional reservoir, carbonate petrosal foramen seam hole dense band) seismic data to the undue dependence of stratified model.
3. summary of the invention
The present invention has proposed a kind of well constraint prestack elastic parameter inversion method of modulating complemented subspace in order to solve aforesaid technical matters, and said method comprises the steps:
(1) editor's log data is extracted acoustic logging record and density logging record;
(2) utilize acoustic logging record and density logging record to calculate reflection coefficient sequence;
(3) extract the statistics wavelet through seismic trace near well;
(4) utilize the wavelet and the reflection coefficient sequence convolution that extract to make the well theogram;
(5) mate with well theogram and original well lie, proofread and correct reflection coefficient sequence;
(6) make high-frequency wavelet, make the theogram of wideband well with the reflection coefficient sequence convolution after proofreading and correct;
(7) with former seismic trace do automatic gain square as modulating function;
(8) former seismic trace and modulating function multiply each other and obtain the high-frequency seism road, do high-pass filtering to the result, obtain the HFS of reconstructed results;
(9) go on foot the HFS addition that obtains to former seismic trace and the 8th, obtain the high-frequency reconstruction result;
(10) utilize seismic trace near well structure basis function B=[b
1, b
2, b
3... b
n];
(11) establish f=[f
1, f
2, f
3... f
n] be corresponding matching factor, W is the well theogram, we can construct a system of equations B*f=W, utilize SVD solving equation group to obtain matching factor;
(12) thus utilize the basis function building method identical to try to achieve corresponding basis function to each seismic trace effect with seismic trace near well;
(13) matching factor that utilizes basis function that step (12) obtains and step (11) the to obtain seismic trace after just can obtaining rebuilding that multiplies each other;
(14) result and the seismic section that utilize step (2) to obtain are set up low frequency model;
(15) inverting elastic parameter.
Through above scheme, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) shortens computing time, reduce cost height working time; (2) processing parameter can be adjusted, thereby can obtain result preferably; (3) make that putting forward frequency data ripple group detailed information does not enrich, kept the ripple stack features of original lineups, keep the interlayer information of former section, improve the resolution of section; (4) avoided undue dependence to stratified model; The information of feasible associating reconstruction is other and well-log information better fitting at well; Reflect the contained non-stratiform information of seismic data fully in the well external enwergy, solved and have the net-like character reservoir (stratum such as fluvial depositional reservoir, carbonate petrosal foramen seam hole dense band) seismic data and well information matching problem.
4. description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1, fixed frequency modulation signal shift frequency principle schematic of the present invention; (a) frequency spectrum of the signal behind frequency spectrum (f) high-frequency reconstruction of frequency spectrum (e) modulation signal of signal (d) original signal behind original signal (b) modulation signal (c) high-frequency reconstruction
Accompanying drawing 2, tracking phase modulated signal shift frequency principle schematic of the present invention; (a) frequency spectrum of the signal behind frequency spectrum (f) high-frequency reconstruction of frequency spectrum (e) modulation signal of signal (d) original signal behind original signal (b) modulation signal (c) high-frequency reconstruction
The gain of accompanying drawing 3, automatic amplitude of the present invention square is opened up principle schematic frequently as modulation signal; (a) contrast of signal (c) original signal behind original signal (b) high-frequency reconstruction and the signal behind the high-frequency reconstruction
5. embodiment
For making the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage are clearer, below with reference to the accompanying drawing embodiment that develops simultaneously, to further explain of the present invention.
Gordian technique of the present invention is described below:
1) automatic gain high frequency subspace compensation: the frequency spectrum continuation is to fill up unknown frequency spectrum with known frequency spectrum, and this method can play the effect that recovers high frequency, the convolution operation of the suitable frequency field of shift frequency of frequency field, the i.e. product calculation of spatial domain.Modulation can be introduced the mechanism of raising frequency, finds that simultaneously seismic curve minimax unique point control phase can keep the virgin curve characteristic, thereby has found to carry out with the automatic amplitude gain of seismic data the high-frequency reconstruction method of Adaptive Modulation.The modulation raising frequency also can carry out in time domain, i.e. two signal pointwises are multiplied each other, and have produced the signal that comprises high frequency, and this computing is equivalent to convolution in frequency field.
Earthquake self-modulation high-frequency reconstruction is that the seismic data extreme point is lifted the flat modulating function that obtains; Then modulating function is multiplied each other through radio-frequency component and the original seismic data that power thoroughly deserves; At last the low-frequency component of source book is replaced gained result's low frequency part, obtained final high frequency recovery seismic data.
If seismic traces is with v (t) expression, modulating function is that the AGC of seismic traces representes, with u (t) represent modulating function square, in the time domain:
g(t)＝v(t)·u(t) (1)
It can be expressed as at frequency domain:
G(ω)＝V(ω)*U(ω) (2)
In the formula, V (ω) and U (ω) are respectively the frequency spectrum of v (t) and u (t).
If W is a Hi-pass filter, then the radio-frequency component of G (ω) is:
GH(ω)＝W(G(ω)) (3)
The high-frequency reconstruction result can be expressed as:
R(ω)＝V(ω)+GH(ω) (4)
Can obtain it at the expression r of time domain (t) through the Fourier inverse transformation.
In Fig. 1, provided the time domain form and the frequency spectrum thereof of fixed frequency and phase modulation (PM), in time domain, two signal pointwises are multiplied each other, and have produced the signal that comprises high frequency.This computing is equivalent to convolution in frequency field.Sine wave modulation since its frequency spectrum be from initial point to the both sides translation, be equivalent to shift frequency.Corresponding its zero point of time domain all on the fixed position, the high frequency lineups that the multiple tracks seismic trace uses fixing frequency and phase modulation (PM) will produce level.This is called alias in signal reconstruction.
In Fig. 2, modulation signal is that automatic amplitude gains to behind the original signal normalizing square of generation, and amplitude is 1 at peak point, and the pole and zero position conforms to original signal, and stronger low-frequency component is that modulation signal is got on the occasion of causing in the modulation signal.Its zero point is followed the tracks of original signal in the response of time domain, and the multiple tracks seismic trace uses such modulation can not produce the high frequency lineups of level.
Fig. 3 has provided the automatic amplitude gain square principle frequently of opening up as modulation signal, and the modulation signal with square generation of automatic amplitude gain remains unchanged at original signal zero point, is 1 at extreme point, and the signal zero pole value behind the high-frequency reconstruction do not change.
2) the well shake coupling high frequency subspace based on basis function compensates
Through integral shift, the conversion to seismic trace, we are referred to as basis function the linear new seismic trace that produces with nonlinear combination.Well shake coupling based on basis function is exactly to utilize the well lie to construct a series of basis function; Basis function and well theogram coupling with structure obtain a series of matching factor; Then these matching factors are extrapolated in the seismic trace, thus the coupling of realization well-logging and geological data.
Matching factor can be tried to achieve through making (5) formula reach minimum:
Wherein W is the well theogram, and f is a matching factor, and B is a basis function, and N is a well theogram length, and M is the basis function number.
If given basis function B, we just can obtain matching factor f separating under the least square meaning through (5) formula.
A kind of well constraint prestack elastic parameter inversion method of modulating complemented subspace of the present invention specifically comprises the steps:
(1) editor's log data is extracted acoustic logging record and density logging record;
(2) utilize acoustic logging record and density logging record to calculate reflection coefficient sequence;
(3) extract the statistics wavelet through seismic trace near well;
(4) utilize the wavelet and the reflection coefficient sequence convolution that extract to make the well theogram;
(5) mate with theogram and original well lie, proofread and correct reflection coefficient sequence;
(6) make high-frequency wavelet, make the theogram of wideband well with the reflection coefficient sequence convolution after proofreading and correct;
(7) with former seismic trace do automatic gain square as modulating function;
(8) former seismic trace and modulating function multiply each other and obtain the high-frequency seism road, seat high-pass filtering as a result, obtain the HFS of reconstructed results;
(9) go on foot the HFS addition that obtains to former seismic trace and the 8th, obtain the high-frequency reconstruction result;
(10) utilize seismic trace near well structure basis function B=[b
1, b
2, b
3B
n];
(11) establish f=[f
1, f
2, f
3F
n] be corresponding matching factor, W is the well theogram, we can construct a system of equations B*f=W, utilize SVD solving equation group to obtain matching factor;
(12) thus utilize the basis function building method identical to try to achieve corresponding basis function to each seismic trace effect with the well lie;
(13) matching factor that utilizes basis function that step (12) obtains and step (11) the to obtain seismic trace after just can obtaining rebuilding that multiplies each other;
(14) utilize result that step (2) obtains and earthquake to cut open and set up low frequency model;
(15) inverting elastic parameter.
The advantage of this method is: method and the flow process that handle based on the well constraint seismic high-resolution of basis function (1), do not relate to iterative processing, and computing velocity improves, and shorten computing time greatly; (2) parameter regulation is very convenient, has only window length, synthetic ratio, combines that frequency is several to have the parameter of its meaning can adjust satisfied result; (3) the high frequency section of gained had both kept the characteristics of low-frequency of original seismic section; High frequency is expanded part and is also obtained by low frequency component fully; The result has kept the ripple stack features of original lineups; Section resolution through after the well shake matching treatment is greatly improved, and horizontal change is with a high credibility, and is better with the well matching effect.
Device according to the invention not only can be used for well logging; Also can be used to the place that other can be suitable for, should be pointed out that the above only is a preferred implementation method of the present invention; For the person of ordinary skill of the art; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvement and variation, these improvement and variation also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a well constraint prestack elastic parameter inversion method of modulating complemented subspace is characterized in that said method comprises the steps:
(1) editor's log data is extracted acoustic logging record and density logging record;
(2) utilize acoustic logging record and density logging record to calculate reflection coefficient sequence;
(3) extract the statistics wavelet through seismic trace near well;
(4) utilize the wavelet and the reflection coefficient sequence convolution that extract to make the well theogram;
(5) mate with well theogram and original well lie, proofread and correct reflection coefficient sequence;
(6) make high-frequency wavelet, make the theogram of wideband well with the reflection coefficient sequence convolution after proofreading and correct;
(7) with former seismic trace do automatic gain square as modulating function;
(8) former seismic trace and modulating function multiply each other and obtain the high-frequency seism road, do high-pass filtering to the result, obtain the HFS of reconstructed results;
(9) go on foot the HFS addition that obtains to former seismic trace and the 8th, obtain the high-frequency reconstruction result;
(10) utilize seismic trace near well structure basis function B=[b
1, b
2, b
3... b
n];
(11) establish f=[f
1, f
2, f
3... f
n] be corresponding matching factor, W is the well theogram, we can construct a system of equations B*f=W, utilize SVD solving equation group to obtain matching factor;
(12) thus utilize the basis function building method identical to try to achieve corresponding basis function to each seismic trace effect with seismic trace near well;
(13) matching factor that utilizes basis function that step (12) obtains and step (11) the to obtain seismic trace after just can obtaining rebuilding that multiplies each other;
(14) result and the seismic section that utilize step (2) to obtain are set up low frequency model;
(15) inverting elastic parameter.
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| CN103675904B (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2016-08-17 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Explanatory target processing method and processing device is mated in a kind of well shake |
| CN103792571A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2014-05-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Point constraint Bayes sparse pulse inversion method |
| CN103257363B (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2015-09-30 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of method of fracture dip in Underground fracture-type reservoir |
| AU2013401761B2 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2020-10-15 | China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation | Method and Device for Increasing Frequency of Seismic Digital Signal |
| CN104570066B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2017-02-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Construction method of seismic inversion low-frequency model |
| CN104570092B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2017-07-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for identifying top envelope surface of large-scale fracture-cave type reservoir of carbonate rock |
| CN104865600B (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2017-05-17 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司地球物理勘探公司 | Method for matching transverse wave data and longitudinal wave data in seismic record |
| CN106772615B (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2018-11-13 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of broad-band teleseismic multiple domain joint AVO inversion methods |
| CN107193040A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining depth domain synthetic seismic record |
| CN109143331B (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2021-03-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Seismic wavelet extraction method |
| CN109521470B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-04-14 | 西南石油大学 | Method for analyzing influence of geological structure on seismic inversion crack density |
| CN112147683B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2022-06-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pre-stack sparse layer inversion method and system based on rock physical relationship constraint |
| CN111965705B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2023-04-25 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for calibrating geological horizon recorded by earthquake single shot |
| CN112558161B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-07-26 | 青岛职业技术学院 | Well constraint earthquake low-frequency recovery method based on compressed sensing |
| CN115144906B (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-22 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Amplitude eccentricity correction method and device for ultrasonic logging |
| CN117434592B (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2024-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Seismic data processing method and device and electronic equipment |
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| CN101329405B (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2011-02-09 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Simple method of multi-parameter seismic inversion |
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