CN102166536A - An environment analogue means for surface freezing of airplanes on ground - Google Patents
An environment analogue means for surface freezing of airplanes on ground Download PDFInfo
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- CN102166536A CN102166536A CN2011100502042A CN201110050204A CN102166536A CN 102166536 A CN102166536 A CN 102166536A CN 2011100502042 A CN2011100502042 A CN 2011100502042A CN 201110050204 A CN201110050204 A CN 201110050204A CN 102166536 A CN102166536 A CN 102166536A
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Abstract
An environment analogue means for surface freezing of airplanes on ground. The means comprised an experiment case and a suspension positioning device installed inside or outside of the experiment case, an air cycling device, a spray system, an ice clearing liquid spray system, an illumination system, a refrigeration system, a data acquisition system and a control system. The invention provided environment analogue means for surface freezing of airplanes on ground can simulate freezing weather condition of natural environment in truth, Observing processes of ice increasing, ice melting and ice clearing liquid spraying on airplane surface, Thereby rules of icing on airplane surface in different weather condition can be obtained, Which can provide experiment basis for research of airplane surface icing and airplane surface ice proofing/deicing, Finally improving security and high effectiveness of airplane operation in icing weather condition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to civil aviaton's technical field, particularly relate to a kind of board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for.
Background technology
Under the weather condition of low temperature accumulated ice, phenomenons such as accumulated ice, snow, frost will appear in the aircraft surfaces that rests on the airplane parking area, and system is referred to as the aircraft surfaces accumulated ice here.The aircraft surfaces accumulated ice can influence the security and the operability of flight on the one hand, can cause fatal crass's accident when serious, also can cause flight normally not move on the other hand.According to statistics, during January 10 to February 4 in 2008, because southern low temperature sleet freezing weather causes 814 flights to make a return voyage, make preparation for dropping altogether, more than 4600 flight cancellation, more than 13500 airliner delay, the result causes a large amount of passengers to be detained.Therefore, need study aspects such as the characteristic of aircraft surfaces accumulated ice and accumulated ice influence factors, thus for aircraft deicing provides experimental basis, with guarantee flight can be safely, efficiently move.
The aircraft surfaces accumulated ice is one and relates to temperature, wind speed, wind direction, the isoparametric complex nonlinear process of humidity.The experimental study of aircraft surfaces accumulated ice mainly comprises two kinds, and a kind of is nature accumulated ice observation method, and another kind is an accumulated ice environmental simulation observation method.Because natural accumulated ice observation method is subjected to the influence of factors such as the security of season, region, airport observation and accumulated ice time is restive, therefore the data that is obtained is limited, so the main at present accumulated ice environmental simulation observation method that adopts.Need use accumulated ice environmental simulation experimental facilities when adopting accumulated ice environmental simulation observation method.At present both at home and abroad the accumulated ice environmental simulation experimental facilities that adopts mainly proposes at electrical system icing phenomena such as lead, insulator.Disclose a kind of " large scale multifunctional artificial climate room system that is used for electric experiment " such as in Chinese invention patent application CN101126792A number, high height above sea level, icing can be simulated by this system, complicated meteorology environment such as spray, drench with rain.In Chinese invention patent application CN101799515A number " a kind of large multifunctional environmental simulator that is used for electric experiment " disclosed, multiple environmental simulation experiential function such as this device integrates high height above sea level, icing, filth, rain.But there is following shortcoming in above-mentioned these experimental provisions: these devices are mainly used in the environmental simulation of electric experiment, all do not possess deicing liquid sprinkling system, wind direction adjusting, illumination system, and therefore, its function far can not satisfy aircraft surfaces accumulated ice experimental requirements.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of reasonable in design, multiple functional the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for.
In order to achieve the above object, the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for provided by the invention comprises experimental box and is installed in inner or outside hanging and locating device, air circulation system, spray system, deicing liquid spray system, illumination system, refrigeration system, data collecting system and the control system of experimental box; Described experimental box comprises housing, left side dividing plate, right side partition, case bottom surface, door, sewage collecting dish and dirty water collecting tank; Its middle shell is the cuboid structure, and inner surface is lined with heat preserving and insulating material; The dividing plate relative left and right sides that is vertically set on enclosure interior in left side with right side partition, the inside with housing is divided into left chamber, lumen and right chamber thus, and the bottom is formed with opening; The case bottom surface is horizontally set on the top, bottom surface of lumen, forms ventilating duct thus between the bottom surface of case bottom surface and housing, and middle part, case bottom surface is formed with a plurality of sewage outlets; Door is arranged on the housing of lumen one side; The sewage collecting dish is set in place on the housing bottom surface of sewage outlet below, and links to each other with the dirty water collecting tank that is positioned at hull outside by pipeline; Hanging and locating device comprises that level is installed in the upper suspension net and the left side suspension net that is vertically mounted on the lumen left side of lumen upper end; Air circulation system comprises a plurality of axial flow blowers, air exhauster and a plurality of wind deflector; Wherein a plurality of axial flow blower standoff distances are installed on the dividing plate of left side; Air exhauster is arranged on the right side partition; A plurality of wind deflectors in a row are installed in the left side dividing plate in the mode that can rotate and the left side hangs between the net, and parallel with the left side dividing plate, and are turned to by servomotor control; Spray system comprises water tank, a plurality of atomizer, a plurality of (operating) water nozzle and two water pumps; Wherein water tank is arranged on the outside of housing; A plurality of atomizer standoff distances are installed in the left side and hang on the net, and link to each other with water tank by pipeline; A plurality of (operating) water nozzles are installed on the housing end face that is positioned at the lumen top, and join by pipeline and water tank; Two water pumps then are installed in respectively on above-mentioned two pipelines; The deicing liquid spray system comprises deicing liquid case, deicing liquid heater, deicing liquid pump and a plurality of deicing liquid spray gun; Wherein the deicing liquid case is arranged on the outside of housing; It is online that a plurality of deicing liquid spray guns are installed in upper suspension, and link to each other with the deicing liquid case by pipeline; Deicing liquid heater and deicing liquid pump then are installed on the above-mentioned pipeline; Illumination system comprises and is installed in the online a plurality of xenon lamps of upper suspension and a plurality of cold light source, and wherein xenon lamp is used for simulated solar illumination, and cold light source then is used for illumination; Refrigeration system is the air compressor that is installed in hull outside; Data collecting system comprises accumulated ice sensor, wind speed wind direction sensor, a plurality of temperature sensor, camera, humidity sensor, a plurality of flow sensor and a plurality of pressure sensor; Wherein the accumulated ice sensor is installed on the testee that is positioned over lumen inside; A plurality of temperature sensors are installed on the testee respectively and the front side of each atomizer, (operating) water nozzle and deicing liquid spray gun; Wind speed wind direction sensor, camera and humidity sensor are installed in the inside of lumen; A plurality of flow sensors and a plurality of pressure sensor then are installed in respectively on the pipeline in spray system and the deicing liquid spray system; Control system comprises computer and PLC; Wherein computer is used to gather and store the data of data collecting system output; PLC then is used for by the data of data collecting system output and the analog value set in advance the switching of air circulation system, spray system, deicing liquid spray system, illumination system and refrigeration system being controlled or regulated the parameter of corresponding system according to being stored in computer in computer.
Described the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for also comprises and is installed in lumen humidity inside regulating system.
Described humidity control system is a humidifier.
The inside of described water tank is equipped with heater water tank, and it is used for guaranteeing that the water temperature of water tank in winter is constant between 1～3 degree, freezes near atomizer and (operating) water nozzle to prevent water.
Described a plurality of wind deflector be arranged in parallel along level or vertical direction, and is divided into many groups, and every group by a servomotor control, to form the wind of different wind directions.
Described door is provided with peephole.
The described pipeline that is connected between deicing liquid spray gun and the deicing liquid case is a flexible pipe, can control the sprinkling direction and the position of deicing liquid so easily.
The ground environment simulator of the surperficial accumulated ice accumulated ice weather condition under can the real simulation natural environment of boarding a plane that is used for provided by the invention, the processes such as sprinkling of the growth of observation airplane surface accumulated ice, ice-melt, deicing liquid, thereby obtain the get off the plane rule of surperficial accumulated ice of different weather condition, for the research of aircraft surfaces accumulated ice and aircraft surfaces anti-/ deicing provides experimental basis, improves accumulated ice weather condition the get off the plane security and the high efficiency of operation thus.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is ground board a plane environment simulator experimental box, hanging and locating device and the air circulation system structural representation of surperficial accumulated ice of being used for provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is ground board a plane environment simulator experimental box, spray system and the deicing liquid spray system part-structure schematic diagram of surperficial accumulated ice of being used for provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 constitutes block diagram for the board a plane environment simulator spray system of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 constitutes block diagram for the board a plane environment simulator deicing liquid system of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 hangs net and (operating) water nozzle structural representation mounted thereto for the board a plane environment simulator middle and upper part of surperficial accumulated ice, ground that is used for provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 is ground board a plane the environment simulator left side dividing plate and the axial flow blower and the atomizing nozzle structure schematic diagram mounted thereto of surperficial accumulated ice of being used for provided by the invention.
Fig. 7 constitutes block diagram for the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for provided by the invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for provided by the invention is elaborated.
As Fig. 1-shown in Figure 7, the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for provided by the invention comprises experimental box and is installed in inner or outside hanging and locating device, air circulation system 35, spray system 36, deicing liquid spray system 37, illumination system 38, refrigeration system 39, data collecting system 40 and the control system of experimental box; Described experimental box comprises housing 1, left side dividing plate 2, right side partition 3, case bottom surface 4, door 5, sewage collecting dish 6 and dirty water collecting tank 9; Its middle shell 1 is the cuboid structure, and inner surface is lined with heat preserving and insulating material; Left side dividing plate 2 and the right side partition 3 relative left and right sides that are vertically set on housing 1 inside, the inside with housing 1 is divided into left chamber, lumen and right chamber thus, and the bottom is formed with opening 10; Case bottom surface 4 is horizontally set on the top, bottom surface of lumen, form ventilating duct 8 thus between the bottom surface of case bottom surface 4 and housing 1, and 4 middle parts, case bottom surface is formed with a plurality of sewage outlets 7; Door 5 is arranged on the housing 1 of lumen one side; Sewage collecting dish 6 is set in place on housing 1 bottom surface of sewage outlet 7 belows, and links to each other with the dirty water collecting tank 9 that is positioned at housing 1 outside by pipeline; Hanging and locating device comprises that level is installed in the upper suspension net 30 and the left side suspension net 31 that is vertically mounted on the lumen left side of lumen upper end; Air circulation system 35 comprises a plurality of axial flow blowers 11, air exhauster 12 and a plurality of wind deflector 13; Wherein a plurality of axial flow blower 11 standoff distances are installed on the dividing plate 2 of left side; Air exhauster 12 is arranged on the right side partition 3; A plurality of wind deflectors 13 in a row are installed in left side dividing plate 2 in the mode that can rotate and the left side hangs between the net 31, and parallel with left side dividing plate 2, and are turned to by servomotor control; Spray system 36 comprises water tank 14, a plurality of atomizer 15, a plurality of (operating) water nozzle 16 and two water pumps 17; Wherein water tank 14 is arranged on the outside of housing 1; A plurality of atomizer 15 standoff distances are installed in the left side and hang on the net 31, and link to each other with water tank 14 by pipeline; A plurality of (operating) water nozzles 16 are installed on housing 1 end face that is positioned at the lumen top, and join by pipeline and water tank 14; Two 17 on water pumps are installed in respectively on above-mentioned two pipelines; Deicing liquid spray system 37 comprises deicing liquid case 18, deicing liquid heater 19, deicing liquid pump 20 and a plurality of deicing liquid spray gun 21; Wherein deicing liquid case 18 is arranged on the outside of housing 1; A plurality of deicing liquid spray guns 21 are installed on the upper suspension net 30, and link to each other with deicing liquid case 18 by pipeline; 20 of deicing liquid heater 19 and deicing liquid pumps are installed on the above-mentioned pipeline; Illumination system 38 comprises a plurality of xenon lamps 22 and a plurality of cold light source 23 that is installed on the upper suspension net 30, and wherein xenon lamp 22 is used for simulated solar illumination, and cold light source 23 then is used for illumination; Refrigeration system 39 is for being installed in housing 1 air outside compressor; Data collecting system 40 comprises accumulated ice sensor 24, wind speed wind direction sensor 25, a plurality of temperature sensor 26, camera 27, humidity sensor 28, a plurality of flow sensor 29 and a plurality of pressure sensor 32; Wherein accumulated ice sensor 24 is installed on the testee 42 that is positioned over lumen inside; A plurality of temperature sensors 26 are installed on the testee 42 respectively and the front side of each atomizer 15, (operating) water nozzle 16 and deicing liquid spray gun 21; Wind speed wind direction sensor 25, camera 27 and humidity sensor 28 are installed in the inside of lumen; 32 of a plurality of flow sensors 29 and a plurality of pressure sensors are installed in respectively on the pipeline in spray system and the deicing liquid spray system; Control system comprises computer 33 and PLC34; Wherein computer 33 is used to gather and store the data of data collecting system 40 outputs; PLC34 then be used for according to be stored in computer 33 by the data of data collecting system 40 output and in advance in computer 33 analog value of setting the switching of air circulation system 35, spray system 36, deicing liquid spray system 37, illumination system 38 and refrigeration system 39 is controlled or is regulated the parameter of corresponding system.
Described the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for also comprises and is installed in lumen humidity inside regulating system 41.
Described humidity control system 41 is a humidifier.
The inside of described water tank 14 is equipped with heater water tank, and it is used for guaranteeing that winter water tank 14 water temperature is constant between 1～3 degree, and is icing atomizer 15 and (operating) water nozzle 16 near to prevent water.
Described a plurality of wind deflector 13 be arranged in parallel along level or vertical direction, and is divided into many groups, and every group by a servomotor control, to form the wind of different wind directions.When a plurality of wind deflector 13 along continuous straight runs are be arranged in parallel, it can be divided into upper, middle, and lower part, can form convection current wind up and down like this; When a plurality of wind deflectors 13 are vertically be arranged in parallel, it can be divided into left, center, right three parts, can form the horizontal wind of different wind directions like this.
Described door 5 is provided with peephole.
The described pipeline that is connected between deicing liquid spray gun 21 and the deicing liquid case 18 is a flexible pipe, can control the sprinkling direction and the position of deicing liquid so easily.
When utilizing the ground that is used for provided by the invention, needs board a plane the environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice when carrying out the test of surperficial accumulated ice such as testees 42 such as wing or other ground objects, at first on testee 42, install accumulated ice sensor 24 and temperature sensor 26, and be held in place by door 5 on the experiment frame 43 of lumen inside.Experiment frame 43 is the device of an adjustment height, is easy to change the height and the placement direction of testee 42 like this.Then at experiment frame 43 other humidity sensor 28 and the wind speed wind direction sensors 25 of installing.When beginning to test, simulate the weather of low temperature accumulated ice if desired, open refrigeration system 39 and data collecting system 40, utilize said temperature sensor 26 to gather housing 1 temperature inside and pass to computer 33, the inside for the treatment of housing 1 reach temperature required after, under the control of PLC34, close refrigeration system 39 to stop refrigeration.If housing 1 humidity inside does not reach requirement of experiment, open humidifier or spray system 36 from atomizer 15, to spray water smoke, after reaching requirement, humidity under the control of PLC34, closes humidifier or spray system 36.Simulate the long-pending white situation under the calm situation if desired, directly open the atomizer 15 in the spray system 36.Simulate sleet, snowfall situation under the calm situation if desired, directly open the (operating) water nozzle 16 in the spray system 36.Simulation has sleet, the snowfall situation under the landscape condition if desired, at first open air exhauster 12, open axial flow blower 11 then and be adjusted to required wind direction and wind speed, the wind of air exhauster 12 outlet at this moment will be successively enters into the import of axial flow blower 11 by the opening 10 of opening 10, ventilating duct 8 and left side dividing plate 2 lower ends of right side partition 3 lower ends, thus can be in narrow space the wind field environment under the true reappearance large space, open the (operating) water nozzle 16 in the spray system 36 then.As the radiation of need simulated solar irradiation, open xenon lamp 22; As need simulation situation at night, open cold light source 23.In above-mentioned experimentation, can pass through camera 27 real-time acquisition of image data, and by accumulated ice thickness and temperature on accumulated ice sensor 24 and the temperature sensor 26 detection testees 42.Simultaneously, data collecting system then sends the data that accumulated ice sensor 24, temperature sensor 26, humidity sensor 28, wind speed wind direction sensor 25 and camera 27 detect to computer 33, and computer 33 is stored these data again.(researcher obtains any result according to above-mentioned what data, please replenish)
After surperficial accumulated ice experiment finishes, open the deicing liquid spray system, utilization is carried out deicing from the deicing liquid of deicing liquid spray gun 21 ejections to the surface of testee 42, simultaneously by flow sensor 29 monitoring deicing liquid consumptions, and the deicing situation of observing testee 42 surfaces, deicing liquid after the deicing will be collected in the sewage collecting dish 6 by the sewage outlet on the case bottom surface 47, flow in the dirty water collecting tank 9, so that the recycling of deicing liquid by pipeline then.Open door 5 and heater water tank at last, frozen atomizer 15 and (operating) water nozzle 16 are carried out ice-melt.Open xenon lamp 22 afterwards,, finish whole experiment thus the inside heating deicing of housing 1.
This environment simulator can simulate an atmospheric pressure ,-temperature of 40-20 and the aircraft surfaces accumulated ice situation under the 0-25m/s wind conditions.In addition, can carry out single and complicated weather condition the get off the plane icing phenomena, the simulation of ice detachment on surface by the operation sequencing of setting each system.
Claims (7)
1. one kind is used for the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground, it is characterized in that: described the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for comprises experimental box and is installed in inner or outside hanging and locating device, air circulation system (35), spray system (36), deicing liquid spray system (37), illumination system (38), refrigeration system (39), data collecting system (40) and the control system of experimental box; Described experimental box comprises housing (1), left side dividing plate (2), right side partition (3), case bottom surface (4), door (5), sewage collecting dish (6) and dirty water collecting tank (9); Its middle shell (1) is the cuboid structure, and inner surface is lined with heat preserving and insulating material; The relative inner left and right sides of housing (1) that is vertically set on of left side dividing plate (2) with right side partition (3), the inside with housing (1) is divided into left chamber, lumen and right chamber thus, and the bottom is formed with opening (10); Case bottom surface (4) is horizontally set on the top, bottom surface of lumen, forms ventilating duct (8) thus between the bottom surface of case bottom surface (4) and housing (1), and case bottom surface (4) middle part is formed with a plurality of sewage outlets (7); Door (5) is arranged on the housing (1) of lumen one side; Sewage collecting dish (6) is set in place on housing (1) bottom surface of sewage outlet (7) below, and links to each other by the pipeline dirty water collecting tank (9) outside with being positioned at housing (1); Hanging and locating device comprises that level is installed in the upper suspension net (30) of lumen upper end and is vertically mounted on the left side suspension net (31) in lumen left side; Air circulation system (35) comprises a plurality of axial flow blowers (11), air exhauster (12) and a plurality of wind deflector (13); Wherein a plurality of axial flow blowers (11) standoff distance is installed on the left side dividing plate (2); Air exhauster (12) is arranged on the right side partition (3); A plurality of wind deflectors (13) in a row are installed in left side dividing plate (2) in the mode that can rotate and the left side hangs between the net (31), and parallel with left side dividing plate (2), and are turned to by servomotor control; Spray system (36) comprises water tank (14), a plurality of atomizer (15), a plurality of (operating) water nozzle (16) and two water pumps (17); Wherein water tank (14) is arranged on the outside of housing (1); A plurality of atomizers (15) standoff distance is installed in the left side and hangs on the net (31), and links to each other with water tank (14) by pipeline; A plurality of (operating) water nozzles (16) are installed on housing (1) end face that is positioned at the lumen top, and join by pipeline and water tank (14); Two water pumps (17) then are installed in respectively on above-mentioned two pipelines; Deicing liquid spray system (37) comprises deicing liquid case (18), deicing liquid heater (19), deicing liquid pump (20) and a plurality of deicing liquid spray gun (21); Wherein deicing liquid case (18) is arranged on the outside of housing (1); A plurality of deicing liquid spray guns (21) are installed on the upper suspension net (30), and link to each other with deicing liquid case (18) by pipeline; Deicing liquid heater (19) and deicing liquid pump (20) then are installed on the above-mentioned pipeline; Illumination system (38) comprises a plurality of xenon lamps (22) and a plurality of cold light source (23) that is installed on the upper suspension net (30), and wherein xenon lamp (22) is used for simulated solar illumination, and cold light source (23) then is used for illumination; Refrigeration system (39) is for being installed in housing (1) air outside compressor; Data collecting system (40) comprises accumulated ice sensor (24), wind speed wind direction sensor (25), a plurality of temperature sensor (26), camera (27), humidity sensor (28), a plurality of flow sensor (29) and a plurality of pressure sensor (32); Wherein accumulated ice sensor (24) is installed on the testee (42) that is positioned over lumen inside; A plurality of temperature sensors (26) are installed on the testee (42) respectively and the front side of each atomizer (15), (operating) water nozzle (16) and deicing liquid spray gun (21); Wind speed wind direction sensor (25), camera (27) and humidity sensor (28) are installed in the inside of lumen; A plurality of flow sensors (29) and a plurality of pressure sensor (32) then are installed in respectively on the pipeline in spray system and the deicing liquid spray system; Control system comprises computer (33) and PLC (34); Wherein computer (33) is used for gathering and storing the data of data collecting system (40) output; PLC (34) then be used for according to be stored in computer (33) by the data of data collecting system (40) output and in advance in computer (33) analog value of setting the switching of air circulation system (35), spray system (36), deicing liquid spray system (37), illumination system (38) and refrigeration system (39) is controlled or is regulated the parameter of corresponding system.
2. the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for also comprises and is installed in lumen humidity inside regulating system (41).
3. the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described humidity control system (41) is a humidifier.
4. the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the inside of described water tank (14) is equipped with heater water tank, it is used for guaranteeing that the water temperature of water tank in winter (14) is constant between 1～3 degree, freezes near atomizer (15) and (operating) water nozzle (16) to prevent water.
5. the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described a plurality of wind deflectors (13) be arranged in parallel along level or vertical direction, and be divided into many groups, every group by a servomotor control, to form the wind of different wind directions.
6. the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described door (5) is provided with peephole.
7. the board a plane environment simulator of surperficial accumulated ice of ground that is used for according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described pipeline that is connected between deicing liquid spray gun (21) and the deicing liquid case (18) is a flexible pipe.
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