Background technology
Present sofa decoration infantees, substantially after cloth production, just directly make sofa cover or slip cover through cutting, sewing, can be described as " having first cloth that slip cover is arranged again ", pattern on the cloth or decorative pattern are directly to knit/print to cloth to get in the production process of cloth, so that sofa decorative pattern reality on the whole is a kind of plane effect, lack unified layout, destroyed on the sofa cloth pattern as ornamental whole stereoeffect.
In the epoch of advocating now " individual character ", different clients are not quite similar to the requirement of sofa infantees pattern, decorative pattern, how to satisfy various clients to the individual sexual demand of sofa pattern, decorative pattern, are the new problems that the sofa manufacturer faces.
Existing " individual character " image uses and mostly realizes by transfer technique, with selected photo print to special transfer paper, then iron on the carrier (cloth) of single background color by high temperature, namely first style is imprinted on the special paper, thus then by temperature suitable in the cloth printing machine, pressure style transfer to obtain on the cloth client needed, with the bunting of formulating pattern or decorative pattern.
But the result who does like this, can only obtain or make some parts with the sofa decoration cloth of little pattern, pattern, effect that remains planar graph of its whole reality, want with whole sofa show a width of cloth have the space pattern of global stereopsis or decorative pattern still be difficulty with can't realize.
The applicant applied in 2008, Granted publication day is on June 16th, 2010, Granted publication number is the Chinese invention patent of CN101229005B, " a kind of method that is applied to make on the sofa plane picture presents stereoeffect " disclosed, it carries out 3D with the plane picture and decomposes, the pattern that decomposes is printed on respectively on the cloth that consists of the sofa decoration infantees with inkjet printing/printing machine, again cloth is carried out cutting, sew up and reprocessing, make sofa cover or slip cover product, handrail by sofa, backrest, the different three-dimensional shapes such as cushion and/or sofa lateral surface, make the upper of sofa, left, right, before, rear 5 face integral body connect together become one continuous, three-dimensional pattern, allow original plane picture present three-dimensional multiaspect effect, with the moulded completely unification of sofa, far see sofa from optimal viewing angle, be presented at the moment be a complete picture.
But in the manufacture process of actual product, find, adopting said method to carry out in the process of technique making, because it only is after planar graph/image (being designated hereinafter simply as the 2D image) is decomposed, form and decompose pattern, adopt again the decomposition pattern air brushing that the mode of inkjet printing will print/be printed on each sheet cloth, so make the general image/picture that consists of behind sofa cover or the slip cover product through sewing up, when optimal viewing angle is far seen, by the sofa each several part (such as the handrail of sofa, backrest, cushion or sofa lateral surface etc. different flat/side/vertical/skewed surface) stereo-picture (being designated hereinafter simply as 3D rendering) that consists of of picture on surface amalgamation, the composition of each several part has distortion, the stereoscopic visual effect of general image is twisted or destroys, and then has affected whole artistic effect and visual sense of beauty.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method that realizes the 3D visual effect with the 2D image at furniture surface, it meets the artistic effect that the 2D image represents more, the composition distortion of each several part is little, and the image fault degree is little, and whole visual sense of beauty is more true to nature.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method that realizes the 3D visual effect with the 2D image at furniture surface is provided, comprise that 2D plane pictures/images is carried out 3D decomposes, form a plurality of 2D and decompose pattern, with inkjet printing/printing machine each 2D being decomposed pattern is printed on respectively on the cloth that consists of the sofa decoration infantees, again cloth is carried out cutting, sew up and reprocessing, make sofa cover or slip cover product, handrail by sofa, backrest, the different three-dimensional shapes such as cushion and/or sofa lateral surface, make 2D on each outside of sofa decompose pattern integral body constitute one continuous, has relief pattern, allow original plane picture present three-dimensional visual effect, it is characterized in that:
2D plane pictures/images is carried out the 3D catabolic phase, decomposing pattern corresponding diverse location on outer surface on the sofa according to each 2D, determining convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation that they are different;
Decompose the corresponding convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation of pattern according to each 2D, this 2D is decomposed pattern carry out convergent-divergent/distortion, obtain 2D to be printed and decompose pattern;
To decompose pattern through the 2D to be printed after convergent-divergent/deformation process with inkjet printing/printing machine is printed on respectively on the cloth that consists of the sofa decoration infantees;
Again cloth is carried out conventional cutting, stitching and reprocessing, make sofa cover or slip cover product;
By being decomposed pattern, each 2D carries out convergent-divergent/distortion, to guarantee that its displaying ratio in each part of optimum visual general image that point of observation is seen approach/meets former 2D plane pictures/images, allow shown pictures/images present more visual effect true to nature near the former figure of 2D plane pictures/images.
Further, by described each several part 2D is decomposed pattern, carry out respectively convergent-divergent/distortion, so that its whole synthesis displaying ratio approach/meets former 2D plane pictures/images.
Further, by described each several part 2D being decomposed the convergent-divergent that pattern carries out respectively different proportion/distortion, guarantee at last approach/to meet former 2D plane pictures/images at the whole displaying ratio of the viewed each several part pictures/images of optimum visual point of observation of sofa.
Concrete, described 2D decomposes pattern corresponding diverse location on outer surface on the sofa, comprises that this part 2D decomposes pattern at the correspondence position of handrail, backrest, cushion and/or the sofa lateral surface of sofa.
Wherein, described each several part 2D decomposes definite foundation of the convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation of pattern, depends on its corresponding diverse location on the sofa outer surface.
Further, described each several part 2D decomposes definite foundation of the convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation of pattern, depends on that this part 2D decomposes the actual size of pattern and the ratio of the decomposition of this part 2D on the viewed perspective plane of optimum visual point of observation pattern projected size.
Further, 2D decomposes the best convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation of pattern on the described outer surface that is positioned at a certain sofa, equal actual size/area that this part 2D decomposes pattern, decompose the ratio of the projection size/area of pattern with this part 2D on the viewed perspective plane of optimum visual point of observation.
Perhaps, 2D decomposes the best convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation of pattern on the described outer surface that is positioned at a certain sofa, equal actual size/area that this part 2D decomposes pattern place sofa outer surface, with the ratio of the corresponding projection size/area of this part sofa outer surface on the viewed perspective plane of optimum visual point of observation.
The optimum visual point of observation of its described sofa is 1~2 meter of distance sofa front, in the observation place of oblique upper 30~45 degree.
Described each several part 2D decomposes the different convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation of pattern, guaranteed in the shown pictures/images of the viewed sofa each several part of optimum visual point of observation, meet/near the whole displaying ratio of former figure, present more the visual effect true to nature near former figure.
Compared with the prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
1. by each outer surface epigraph of sofa/picture is adopted different convergent-divergent/proportion of deformations, guarantee that its displaying ratio in each part of optimum visual image that point of observation is seen approach/meets former 2D plane pictures/images, allow shown pictures/images present more visual effect true to nature near former figure.
2. only each surperficial epigraph/picture of sofa is carried out different convergent-divergents/distortion, the realization means are succinct, are easy to realize;
3. all convergent-divergents/deformation process means all can realize on computers, high efficiency, and treatment cycle is short, is convenient to adjust or revise, and is easy to adopt in commercial process and realize, is applicable to existing production technology and manufacturing process fully.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Among Fig. 1, the concrete steps of the technical program as shown in the figure:
A, decompose pattern corresponding diverse location on outer surface on the sofa according to each 2D, determine convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation that they are different;
B, decompose the corresponding convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation of pattern according to each 2D, this 2D is decomposed pattern carry out convergent-divergent/distortion, obtain 2D decomposition pattern to be printed;
C, will decompose pattern through the 2D to be printed after convergent-divergent/deformation process with inkjet printing/printing machine and be printed on respectively on the cloth that consists of the sofa decoration infantees;
D, again cloth is carried out conventional cutting, stitching and reprocessing, make sofa cover or slip cover product;
E, carry out convergent-divergent/distortion by each 2D is decomposed pattern, approach/meet former 2D plane pictures/images to guarantee its respectively partly displaying ratio at optimum visual general image that point of observation is seen.
F, the shown image of whole sofa present more the visual effect true to nature near the former figure of 2D.
Wherein, the technical program is carried out respectively convergent-divergent/distortion, so that its whole synthesis displaying ratio approach/meets former 2D plane pictures/images by described each several part 2D is decomposed pattern.
Perhaps, the convergent-divergent of the technical program by described each several part 2D being decomposed pattern and carry out respectively different proportion/distortion, guarantee at last approach/to meet former 2D plane pictures/images at the whole displaying ratio of the viewed each several part pictures/images of optimum visual point of observation of sofa.
Wherein, described 2D decomposes pattern corresponding diverse location on outer surface on the sofa, comprises that this part 2D decomposes pattern at the correspondence position of handrail, backrest, cushion and/or the sofa lateral surface of sofa.
Described each several part 2D decomposes definite foundation of the convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation of pattern, depends on its corresponding diverse location on the sofa outer surface.
Further, described each several part 2D decomposes definite foundation of the convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation of pattern, depends on that this part 2D decomposes the actual size of pattern and the ratio of the decomposition of this part 2D on the viewed perspective plane of optimum visual point of observation pattern projected size.
Further, 2D decomposes the best convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation of pattern on the described outer surface that is positioned at a certain sofa, equal actual size/area that this part 2D decomposes pattern, decompose the ratio of the projection size/area of pattern with this part 2D on the viewed perspective plane of optimum visual point of observation.
Perhaps, 2D decomposes the best convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation of pattern on the described outer surface that is positioned at a certain sofa, equal actual size/area that this part 2D decomposes pattern place sofa outer surface, with the ratio of the corresponding projection size/area of this part sofa outer surface on the viewed perspective plane of optimum visual point of observation.
After adopting technique scheme, guaranteed more to meet in the shown pictures/images of the viewed sofa each several part of optimum visual point of observation/near the whole displaying ratio of former figure, present more the visual effect true to nature near former figure.
Among Fig. 2, the optimum visual point of observation 2 in the technical program is 1~2 meter of distance sofa 1 front, and in the observation place of oblique upper 30~45 degree, this position just in time is that an adult stands and observes the position of sofa decoration effect.
Among Fig. 3, provided definite principle of best convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation, wherein, 1 is sofa, 2 is the optimum visual point of observation, and 3 for observing the perspective plane, and 4-1~4-3 is each sofa surface, 5-1~5-3 is the corresponding projection of each sofa surface on the perspective plane, 6 is former 2D plane pictures/images, and 7 are the 2D pattern after decomposing, and 8 is the perspective plane, 4-1 '~4-3 ' is the actual size on each sofa surface, and 5-1 '~5-3 ' is the corresponding projection size of each sofa surface on the perspective plane.
Shown in to scheme as example as can be known, the technical program is according to each the corresponding projection size 5-1 ' in sofa surface~5-3 ', 2D plane pictures/images 6 is split into Y1~Y3 three width of cloth partial images, according to corresponding projection size in each sofa surface (5-1 '~5-3 ') (corresponding ratio of the actual size of 4-1~4-3) (4-1 '~4-3 ') surperficial with each sofa, each partial image Y1~Y3 is carried out corresponding convergent-divergent/conversion, 2D pattern 7 after having obtained decomposing, 2D pattern after it decomposes is made of F1~F3, the actual size 4-1 ' of 2D pattern F1~F3 after each decomposes~4-3 ' equals the actual size 4-1 ' on each sofa surface~4-3 '.
As seen from the figure, decompose pattern for the 2D over against the optimum visual point of observation and (or be referred to as the first partial image, lower same) Y1 (in fact be equal to corresponding corresponding sofa outer surface 4-1, its length of side is 5-1 ', and is lower same), usually need not it is carried out convergent-divergent/distortion, directly output 2D to be printed decomposes pattern F1 (its length of side is 4-1 ', and is lower same), it is printed accordingly with subsequent treatment get final product, then for Y1 and F1, its convergent-divergent/conversion ratio is 0.
For the two 2D decomposition pattern Y2 of actual size/area greater than its projection size/area, need to amplify it/stretch, the 2D to be printed that consists of a correspondence decomposes pattern F2, print accordingly and subsequent treatment, its ratio of amplifying/stretching is by the length of side of Y2 and F2 or recently determining of area again.
Otherwise, for the three 2D decomposition pattern 4-3 of actual size/area less than its projection size/area, need to dwindle it/shrink, the 2D to be printed that consists of a correspondence decomposes pattern F3, print accordingly and subsequent treatment, its ratio of dwindling/shrinking is by the length of side of Y3 and F3 or recently determining of area again.
Clearly, usually in the actual fabrication process, seldom can run into the situation that to dwindle/shrink of decomposing pattern as the 3rd 2D, this situation can occur but be not precluded within some extremely special situation.
Each several part 2D decomposes definite foundation of the convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation of pattern, depends on that this part 2D decomposes the actual size of pattern and the ratio of the decomposition of this part 2D on the viewed perspective plane of optimum visual point of observation pattern projected size.
In other words, be positioned at best convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation that 2D on the outer surface of a certain sofa decomposes pattern, equal actual size/area that this part 2D decomposes pattern, decompose the ratio of the projection size/area of pattern with this part 2D on the viewed perspective plane of optimum visual point of observation.
Further, be positioned at best convergent-divergent/proportion of deformation that 2D on the outer surface of a certain sofa decomposes pattern, equal actual size/area that this part 2D decomposes pattern place sofa outer surface, with the ratio of the corresponding projection size/area of this part sofa outer surface on the viewed perspective plane of optimum visual point of observation.
In actual production and manufacturing process, usually adopt the actual size of decomposing pattern place sofa outer surface according to this part 2D, with the ratio of the corresponding projection size of this part sofa outer surface on the viewed perspective plane of optimum visual point of observation, determine to be positioned at the best scaling that 2D on this part sofa outer surface decomposes pattern and can satisfy the demand of domestic consumer.
Above-mentioned imagezoom/deformation process, can in computer, finish by image processing software (softwares such as Adobe Photoshop, CorelDRAW), because this has been prior art, therefore concrete image scaling/deformation process is no longer narrated at this.
Embodiment:
Figure 3 shows that example.
In Fig. 3, watch product in the best observation station that is positioned at optimum visual point of observation 2, see top-down three the piece faces of product (each sofa surface) 4-1,4-2 and 4-3, in the 2D vision, show as a plane picture 8 (8 is the actual perspective plane that is), by the Y1 in the 2D plane pictures/images 6, Y2, Y3 consists of, but the ratio of specification in 3d space of actual these three piece faces should correspond to the F1 in the 2D pattern 7 after the decomposition, F2, F3, therefore obtain following image repetition method:
1, the image that need to represent is made the ratio of 2D plane pictures/images 6, is cut into Y1, Y2, Y3 three parts;
2, Y1, Y2, Y3 each several part width is constant, and stretching/compressing is the F1 in the 2D pattern 7 after decomposing, F2, F3 height highly respectively;
3, after the image after the distortion is placed on the product relevant position, be reduced into normal 2D image in best observation station.
One, optimal viewing is put attainable proof:
As shown in Figure 3:
The observed optimum position of sofa is in the backrest centre.
The most of hypsokinesis of sofa backrest is 30 ° among the figure, is ∠ XYZ=30 ° therefore setting optimal viewing angle is 30 °
The backrest middle part is 60cm, i.e. ZN=60cm apart from the height on ground
Z point on best observation station X and optic centre Y and the optic centre vertical line forms right angled triangle.
Wherein: XN is people's eye height, and we are set as 150cm;
So, in RT Δ XYZ,
Known, a right-angle side XZ=150-60=90cm
∠XYZ=30°
So, because tg30 °=√ 3/2
YZ=XZ/√3/2=90/(1.732/2)≈104cm
That is, it is that optimal viewing point is corresponding that the people of eye-level 150cm stands in apart from 104cm place, sofa backrest center, and the people that height is higher is after optimal viewing point more leans on
The people that height is lower, optimal viewing point is more forward
That is, as long as eye-level can be on XY and the extended line, adjust longitudinal separation, can obtain the optimal viewing point.
Minimum eye-level:
Because optic centre is on backrest, but the observer can only be at the M point with the right side,
So MH length is minimum eye-level restriction
MH=MG+GH
=ZN+GH
=60+YG
*TG30°
=60+65 (actual measurement) * √ 3/2
≈116cm
That is, the eye-level people that is not less than 116cm can both find the optimal viewing point by adjusting distance.
Two, exploded view distortion of image ratio measuring and calculating:
Such as figure, F1, F2, the plane that three of F3 are in 3d space forms Y1 in observer's vision of best observation station, Y2, the 2D plane reflection that Y3 forms, we suppose that all sight lines of observer are parallel lines perpendicular to observer's sight line (30 °) on this plane, be AA ' //BB ' //CC ' //DD ' so, horizontal direction can be thought deformation not occur
In the vertical direction:
The reflection length of A ' B ' is from AB,
Because AB//A ' B ' is AA ' //BB '
So AB=A ' B '
Because ∠ XYZ=30 is ° XY//CC '
So ∠ BCE=30 °
So BC=BE/TG30 °
=B’C’/TG30°
≈B’C’/0.866
Be BC=1.155B ' C '
In like manner can get:
CF=FD
*TG30°
=C’D’
*TG30°
≈0.866C’D’
Can be calculated according to Pythagorean theorem:
CD=1.323C’D’
To sum up, AB=A ' B ' BC=1.155B ' C ' CD=1.323C ' D '
Three, practical application is for example:
Through measuring AB=60CM BC=60CM CD=20CM
Calculate A ' B '=60B ' C '=51.95CM C ' D '=15.12CM through proportion of deformation
So we need the figure of a 60+51.95+15.12=127.07cm height, as shown in Figure 5.
1, this figure is decomposed into three partial patterns that highly are respectively 60,51.95,15.12cm, obtains Y1~Y3 shown in Figure 6 three partial patterns;
2,60,60,20cm is adjusted respectively/be deformed into to the height of above-mentioned three partial patterns, obtain F1~F3 shown in Figure 7 three partial patterns;
3, with inkjet printing/printing machine each 2D being decomposed pattern F1~F3 is printed on respectively on the cloth that consists of the sofa decoration infantees, again cloth is carried out cutting, stitching and reprocessing, after making sofa cover or slip cover product, check at the optimal viewing point, the 2D image that presents is reduced by the each several part displaying ratio of former figure, has avoided as much as possible distortion and the distortion of the Graphics/Image on the vision ratio.
The technical program is passed through said method, displaying ratio of having guaranteed it sees sofa image that outer surface presents at the optimum visual point of observation each part is more approaching/meet former 2D plane pictures/images, and allow shown image/pattern present more visual effect true to nature near former figure.
Because technical scheme of the present invention is by decomposing pattern to the each several part 2D that is positioned on the sofa outer surface, carried out respectively the convergent-divergent of different proportion/distortion, guaranteed at last at the whole displaying ratio of the optimum visual point of observation viewed each several part pictures/images of sofa constant, so that it meets the artistic effect that the 2D image represents more, its realization means are succinct, are easy to realize, the composition distortion of each several part pattern/picture is little, the image fault degree is little, and whole visual sense of beauty is more true to nature.
The present invention can be widely used in the various cloth art production fields relevant with furniture.