Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of forming section, described forming section allows the web that is shaped is carried out dewatering quick and energy-conservationly, the web attribute that keeps expectation simultaneously, and provide a kind of method that forms web, in the method, the web of shaping is dewatered fast and effectively.
About this device, above-mentioned purpose solves by a kind of forming section that forms fiber web, and described forming section comprises: the forming net ring forms fiber web by the fibre-bearing suspended matter thereon; It is characterized in that also comprising the ferrule of fluid impermeable, its described fiber web and forming net that is arranged between the impermeable described metal tape of convection cell and the stayed surface squeezes, wherein, described metal tape is arranged to contact described fiber web, and described forming net is arranged to contact described stayed surface.About this method, above-mentioned purpose solves by the method that is formed fiber web by the fibre-bearing suspended matter, described method is characterised in that and comprises the fiber web between metal tape and the stayed surface and forming net are squeezed, in order to suspension is extruded the step of fiber web, wherein, described metal tape is arranged to contact described fiber web, and described forming net is arranged to contact described stayed surface.
Should be noted in the discussion above that in this manual term " fiber web " and " web " comprise paper, cardboard and other web types of being made by fibrous suspended matter.Though only paper machine is described for the ease of explanation, the present invention relates to paper machine, board machine etc. equally; As if this be enough to make this specification to keep clear.So when right required to relate to fiber web or web, it referred to above-mentioned any web type.
According to the present invention, the forming section that forms fiber web comprises the forming net ring, and described forming net ring is used for forming fiber web by aforesaid fibrous suspended matter.In addition, ferrule is arranged to the web between metal tape and the stayed surface and forming net are squeezed.
Only by using the configuration of proper metal band and belt tension, just can generate long nip press by using metal tape.Preferably, in this nip, metal tape is arranged to contact fiber web, and forming net is arranged to contact stayed surface.In other words, web is sandwiched between metal tape and the forming net.
Advantageously, metal tape is arranged to from top squeezing fiber web, thereby the liquid of suspended matter is pressed to the forming net that is arranged in the web below.Like this, can utilize gravity to strengthen the removal of moisture.
Preferably, the metal tape convection cell is impermeable, makes suspension can not pass band.In addition, preferably, the surfaces of metallic strip of contact web is level and smooth, makes can obtain the web that surface quality makes moderate progress after web contacting metal band.
Preferably, the place arranges heating tool at ferrule, is used for heating metal strip.This heating tool can comprise steam heater, and described steam heater can utilize the steam condensation, thereby metal tape is had very high heat-transfer effect, and forms uniform Temperature Distribution in the heating region that band is advanced.In addition, the temperature control in the Steam Heating is known, and is inexpensive process.
Advantageously, when stayed surface is the roller with surface portion, when moisture leaves forming net in described surface element office, will help to remove rapidly moisture.This can realize by for example fluted roller or suction roll.In addition, can suction box be set at the forming net place in stayed surface downstream, swabbing pressure is configured to web is remained on the forming net.Here, suction box can have the arc lid.
Preferably, metal tape is the steel band that is coated with the low-viscosity coating, avoids web to cling steel band like this, especially avoids when heating metal strip web to cling steel band.By using such coating, metal tape can be heated to higher temperature, thereby can utilize the rising of temperature to promote the removal of moisture.
When above metal tape or during the arranged around hood, can realize considerable energy saving, make the hot-air that for example is sucked the case suction can increase the temperature of web, thereby before the press section that web is directed to paper machine, web is carried out preheating.
The present invention also proposes a kind ofly to form the method for fiber web by fibrous suspended matter, and this method adopts the step that the web between metal tape and the stayed surface and forming net are squeezed.By this way, in forming section, just suspension is extruded fiber web, thereby make moisture removal in press section subsequently be simplified or more effective.Test shows especially for the web with higher basis weights, can realize extraordinary dehydrating effect, compares with the scheme of above-mentioned prior art simultaneously, can realize considerable energy saving.
In the method, metal tape is heated, and it is contacted with fiber web.Here, when metal tape contact fiber web, metal tape can be heated to the following temperature of suspension boiling point.By bring the heating web via metal, the viscosity of suspension decreases, thereby makes suspension with the pressure differential that reduces flow through hole and mesh, causes thus and can remove more liquid with identical available pressure difference.So the efficient of removing liquid improves.
Alternately, when metal tape contact fiber web, metal tape can be heated to the temperature higher than the boiling point of suspension.In this case, the liquid of the web surface that contacts with web of metal tape is at liquid surface or near the evaporation of liquid surface place.Here, liquid produces steam pressure, and described steam pressure is strengthened removing liquid from web by liquid additionally being pressed to forming net.
By at the stayed surface place and/or surface-supported downstream part swabbing pressure is applied to forming net can further strengthens removal to liquid.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrate have two forming net rings 1,3 and the forming section of the paper machine of ferrule 2.
And the right-hand side in Fig. 1 illustrates transmission ring 4, and this transmits fabric loop and is used for web further is delivered to the subsequent section of paper machine, for example press section from forming section.Transmitting fabric loop 4 can comprise as the woollen blanket or the band that shift fabric.
Left-hand side in Fig. 1 illustrates forming net ring 3, and wherein, forming net 31 travels through one group of guide reel 35 in the counterclockwise direction.Also it is suction roll to forming net 31 through forming rolls 32(), suction box 33 and blow box 34.Right-hand side in Fig. 1, forming net ring 1 has forming net 11, described forming net 11 it typically is suction roll via several guide reels 14, delivery roll 13(along clockwise direction), suction roll 12 and suction box 15 advance.Shown in the arrow 10 of Fig. 1 bottom, the fibre-bearing suspended matter that contains fiber (this fiber forms paper after a while) from the beginning case is injected into gap between two forming nets 11 and 31.In the incipient stage, the moisture in the described suspended matter is transferred in forming rolls 32 and the suction box 33 rapidly.Can remain on the forming net 11 in order to ensure the web that is formed on the forming net, be provided with the blow box 34 that cooperates with delivery roll 13, thus with pressure differential guarantee web along the expectation part (namely with forming net 11) advance.
In the process that it is further advanced, web arrives the nip that forms between the metal tape 21 of suction roll 12 and ferrule 2, and this nip specifically is formed between metal tape 21 and the suction roll 12.Metal tape 21 is guided by guide reel 22,23,24 itself, thereby moves along the counter clockwise direction among Fig. 1.Heater 25 can be set come heating metal strip.Guide reel 22 is arranged to and can in order to adjust the tension force of metal tape, thereby controls the nip that forms between metal tape 21 and the suction roll 12 at the internal activity of ferrule 2.Be right after after suction roll 12, be furnished with suction box 15.
Enter the nip that forms between metal tape 21 and the forming net 11 in the left side of web (not shown) from Fig. 1 that forming net 11 is advanced, metal tape is pressed against web on the forming net.When near suction roll 12, the pressure in the nip can increase, and wherein the moisture that extrudes from web is promptly removed because of swabbing pressure, and this swabbing pressure is applied to web by forming net 11.Suction box 15 is arranged in after the suction roll 12 with being right after, and 15 pairs of forming nets 11 of this suction box apply negative pressure, in order to strengthen the removal to moisture.Currently further advanced with forming net 11 by the web of prepressing and arrive the nip that forms between the transmission fabric of forming net and transmission ring 4, this nip is formed on suction delivery roll 41 places of transmission ring 4.Then, web is passed to the subsequent section of paper machine along with the transmission fabric of this transmission ring 4.
25 expressions of the rectangle drawn with dotted line among Fig. 1 be set together with metal tape 21, in order to the heater of heating metal strip.Heating to metal tape 21 has two kinds of different possible situations basically; Metal tape is heated to the temperature below the boiling point of the water that forms suspension, perhaps metal tape is heated to the above temperature of boiling point for the suspension (water) of the suspended matter of papermaking.In the former case, the metal tape temperature is set so that the water in web and this web will fully be heated, but moisture can be by a large amount of evaporations.When to web with when being included in wherein suspension and heating, the viscosity of suspension can reduce.Therefore, suspension is the easier hole that flows through web, the certain also easier mesh that flows through forming net, thus make liquid can be accelerated removal.Removal liquid is more prone to, so natural, just can remove more substantial suspension within a certain period of time with identical pressure differential.
If metal tape 21 is heated to the temperature that makes the suspension surface boiling, then can bring special additional effect, this will be illustrated with reference to figure 6.It should be noted that boiling occurs over just contact surface or close this contact surface place between metal tape and the suspension; That is to say that the boiling of suspension occurs over just liquid surface.
Pass the cutaway view of the nip that forms between metal tape 21 and the forming net 11 shown in Fig. 6, wherein, metal tape 21 is disposed on the web W, and web W is sandwiched between metal tape 21 and the forming net 11.Forming net has hole or mesh 111, when web W between metal tape 21 and forming net 11 during pressurized, suspension 5 is discharged by hole or mesh 111.Metal tape 21 does not have hole and is airtight.When metal tape is fully heated during at the wet web W of contact, suspension 5 can be in its surface rapid evaporation, thus between web W and metal tape 21 formation steam cushion 6.The pressure of this steam cushion 6 is added into the nip pressure between metal tape 21 and the forming net 11, thereby this pressure has played extra facilitation for discharging suspension from web W.
As can be seen from Fig. 6, the steam cushion 6 that forms between web and band helps to make metal tape to separate with web, thereby makes the easier further process of following forming net 11 of web.In addition, the coating of metal tape 21 can further be strengthened this effect, and described coating is avoided web W to adhere to and is with 21.
Get back to Fig. 1, the suction box 15 that is arranged in the forming net ring 1 is used for the suction warm air so that it passes through web, thereby web is realized preheating, and this preheating has improved state and the handlability of web in press section subsequently.
As mentioned above, ferrule 2 and forming net ring 1 form the nip of web process, and this ferrule 2 helps to remove water or suspension in the forming section of paper machine.Web is therebetween compared with the scheme that forming net squeezes with pressure roller or expansion nip press (extended nip press) with known, the special benefits that the present invention obtains is to have reduced nip pressure, and is especially true in having the nip of metal tape.Thereby the life-span of forming net is improved.
In addition, owing between the metal tape at suction roll 12 places and forming net, form long nip press, thus can there be considerable time to be used for removing moisture from web, thus less pressure can be used at the nip place.Avoid excessive to the pressure of web like this, thereby reduced the bulk of later stage paper.
In addition, since the configuration of this ferrule except the outlet capacity height, so the pressure in initial forming rolls 32 and the initial suction box 33 decreases.Particularly, cause the prior art that occurs sizable resistance to sliding between forming net and the suction box to compare with using the high vacuum suction box at the end of forming section, when substituting the high vacuum suction box with ferrule, being used for driving the energy of netting ring can significantly reduce.And it is main power consumption factor that the high-performance suction box produces high vacuum, and the reduction of required pressure differential makes and can directly benefit aspect the cost of energy that reduces this paper machine.
Fig. 2 shows the another kind of configuration structure of paper machine forming section, has wherein adopted the metal tape configuration of removing moisture.Owing to comprise basic structure and Fig. 1 identical of the forming section of metal tape configuration, will omit the repeat specification to these parts here.Yet, because identical Reference numeral represents components identical, thus here about these elements can be directly with reference to the description of figure 1.Therefore, only difference is illustrated in more detail.
In the forming section of Fig. 2, net ring 3 is side leftward, and net ring 1 is at right-hand side.Make the suspended matter of fiber web along from the beginning case (not shown) injection of the direction shown in the arrow 10.In this embodiment of forming section, net ring 3 has another guide reel 36, but not suction roll.On the other hand, net ring 1 has suction box 16, and described suction box 16 is next to after the guide reel 14, installs at two forming nets 11,31 places close to each other, in order to form initial web shaped region.After through the suction box of having described in detail with reference to Fig. 1 33, web is then through suction and delivery roll 17, and described suction and delivery roll 17 are disposed in the inside of net ring 1 forming net 11 is guided into metal tape configuration 2.In this suction roll 17, can remove moisture, and swabbing pressure guarantees that further web follows forming net 11 during advancing.In Fig. 2, the wet web on forming net 11 enters the nip that forms between metal tape 21 and the forming net 11 at present.The further process of web is corresponding with content described in Fig. 1.
And, owing in ferrule 2, also be provided with identical heater 25, so as before also be applicable to this with reference to Fig. 1 and the described same operation of Fig. 6 and advantage.
Fig. 3 illustrates the details of metal tape configuration.The Reference numeral that should be noted in the discussion above that similar elements is with above-mentioned to describe Reference numeral used in the forming section with reference to figure 1 and Fig. 2 identical.Therefore, these elements have identical functions, and carry out explanation before.In Fig. 3, when forming net 11 and metal tape 21 process guide reels 23, enter the nip that forms between forming net 11 and the metal tape 21 at the web W on the forming net 11.
The surface smoothing of metal tape 21, and smoothness Ra is preferably less than 6.3 μ m.In addition, as mentioned above, for fluid, especially water and steam, this metal tape is impermeable.These requirements can bring satisfied by the metal of being made by stainless steel materials, and this metal tape can apply suitable coating compounds certainly.And, can adopt here with the steel material and carry out the surface treatment of chemical reaction or the surface treatment that matches with steel on the former subbase, and can adopt the coating that is applied on the belt surface.
Suction roll 12 is arranged such that its external diameter crosses the straight line that connects guide reel 23,24 external diameter, that is to say, suction roll 12 pushes gap between the guide reel 23,24 with metal tape 21.Guide reel 22 can be adjusted shown in the two sharp arrow of drawing in this guide reel 22 like that.The tension force of metal tape is being controlled in the adjustment of guide reel 22, thereby made that the pressure that is applied to web and forming net can be conditioned when metal tape squeezing web.If necessary, come the clean metal band by modes (not shown) such as water pouring or scrapers.
Between guide reel 23,24, web is sandwiched between metal tape 21 and the forming net 11.Guaranteeing that web is squeezed constantly under its situation of advancing with sandwiched state, because metal tape is airtight, so suspension (normally water) only is forced out by forming net.Level and smooth surfaces of metallic strip makes the web surface smoothing.When metal tape was positioned on the opposite side different with the suction box of majority or suction roll, the symmetry of paper web was improved.In addition, because in (subsequently) press section, the downside surface of web is more level and smooth than uper side surface usually, so preferably the uper side surface that is in the forming section is carried out smoothing processing.As a result, can obtain more symmetrical web at last.
For removal liquid is simplified, suction roll 12 can be the suction roll with opening of removing moisture, perhaps can form moisture are removed in permission from forming net 11 fluted roller.
Shown in suction box 15 be arranged to towards the part of forming net ring 1, in this part, web and forming net are about to leave metal tape, namely are positioned at the position that metal tape is followed guide reel 24, and web and forming net are seen Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 towards lower guide reel 14(simultaneously) advance.15 pairs of web surfaces towards forming net 11 of suction box provide negative pressure, thereby suction box 15 helps to make web to separate with metal tape 21, also help to make web to advance towards the transmission band of transmission ring 4 certainly.
In addition, Reference numeral 26 expression hood or the housings among Fig. 3, this hood or housing are positioned in the top of metal tape device 2.This hood is a kind of isolating metal band preventing the hood of heat loss, thereby realizes the more energy-conservation configuration of the metal tape of heating.Except the swabbing pressure of the initial shaped portion that makes this forming section reduces, makes negative pressure to reduce and makes friction loss reduces, this hood 26 also helps to improve the energy balance of paper machine.If necessary, the hot-air from this hood can be delivered to heat exchanger or other hear rate devices in paper machine or the board machine.And hood also has noise reduction and safeguard function, thereby forming section is further improved.Hood preferably is designed to prevent the steam of forming section generation and/or the inside that fibre dust enters ferrule.
Fig. 4 illustrates some remodeling at the nip place that forms between metal tape and the forming net.Below forming net 11, be furnished with suction box 18, this suction box 18 and wet web begin to be sandwiched in overlapping between forming net 11 and the metal tape 21.
Particularly, this suction box 18 is arranged to contact with the metal tape 21 of guide reel 23 guiding the location overlap of web.At the section start of nip, the immediate removal that can observe moisture reaches maximum, and these moisture are sucked case 18 subsequently and take away.Because suction box 18 is only removed free fluid, so swabbing pressure can be lower, thereby make when suction box contact forming net 11, can obviously not increase wearing and tearing and friction loss.In addition, the opposite position in the suction district 125 of suction roll 12 is furnished with pressure or pressing device 27, and it can be waterpower (water and/or the steam) pressing element of metal tape being pressed to suction roll 12.Then, preferably conduct heat to web via metal tape as squeezing media such as hot water or steam, further improve water separation capability or dewatering efficiency thus.Alternately, the squeezing configuration can be mechanical expression element, for example roller.Utilize such squeezing configuration, can control the pressure distribution in the nip when needed, so that the predetermined portions of advancing in web realizes removing moisture.Preferably, pressing device is arranged near the end of metal tape nip or is positioned at the end of metal tape nip.
At last, another suction box 15 is arranged to the peristome of nip overlapping, it is overlapping namely to separate the position that remains on the forming net 11 with metal tape in web.Utilize the suction box of this arranged superposed, can produce negative pressure in a side of forming net, thereby make that web control is more reliable, namely utilize lower pressure differential, can realize accurate web control.
Fig. 5 illustrates the another kind remodeling of the nip that forms between ferrule 2, particularly metal tape and the forming net.Below forming net 11, be furnished with suction roll 12, this suction roll 12 has particular arrangement such as suction chamber 125 or effective suction district.
Suction roll chamber 125 or its each suction district are arranged to exceed metal tape basically and extend, thereby guarantee web is retained on the net surface, and suction chamber also guides removed moisture to leave net and web.The suction box 15 of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 can use with this configuration.
Forming section of the present invention can be applied to novel papermaking machine or board machine, can also be attached to the form of what is called reorganization in the existing machine.Test shows, adopt following parameter can obtain excellent dehydration results in paper machine:
Metal tape temperature: 20 ℃ to 180 ℃
Metal tape tension force: 50kN/m to 200kN/m(is along the bandwidth of CD direction)
The diameter of suction roll (120): 1000mm to 2000mm
The diameter of guide reel (22,23,24): 600mm to 2000mm
Pressure in the band nip: 0.05MPa to 0.3MPa
Squeezing configuration (27) is increased to 1MPa
Should be noted in the discussion above that the present invention describes with reference to paper machine.Certainly, the present invention can be applied to board machine, is perhaps made paper web, and is required to remove the other machines of moisture or suspension from fibrous suspended matter by fibrous suspended matter.