CN102160302B - Method and apparatus for switching in a tdd system - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for switching in a tdd system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102160302B CN102160302B CN200980133802.7A CN200980133802A CN102160302B CN 102160302 B CN102160302 B CN 102160302B CN 200980133802 A CN200980133802 A CN 200980133802A CN 102160302 B CN102160302 B CN 102160302B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/08—Access point devices
- H04W88/085—Access point devices with remote components
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
- H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
- H04W92/18—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between terminal devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0473—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being transmission power
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Abstract
A method of switching a communication device between an uplink communication path and a downlink communication path is provided. The method measures a power level of signals on at least one radio frequency for one of the uplink communication path and the downlink communication path. The measured power level is compared with a threshold power level. Switching between an uplink circuit and a downlink circuit is based on the comparison between the measured power level and the threshold power level.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application is relevant with the following application of submitting on the same day to it, by reference described application is incorporated to herein at this: lawyer's case number for 100.921US01, be entitled as the U.S. Patent application that " METHOD ANDAPARATUS FOR FRAME DETECTION IN A COMMUNICATIONSSYSTEM (method and apparatus detecting for the frame of communication system) ", sequence number are 12/144,961; Lawyer's case number for 100.924US01, be entitled as the U.S. Patent application that " SYSTEMAND METHOD FOR SYNCHRONIZED TIME-DIVISION DUPLEXSIGNAL SWITCHING (system and method switching for synchronous time-division duplex signal) ", sequence number are 12/144,939; And lawyer's case number for 100.925US01, be entitled as the U.S. Patent application that " SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONFIGURABLETIME-DIVISION DUPLEX INTERFACE (for the system and method for configurable time-division duplex interface) ", sequence number are 12/144,913.
Background technology
The signal equipment that must coordinate in time division duplex (TDD) system switched between up link and downlink communication with the time appropriate, thereby realized the TDD system of correct running.Generally speaking, main computer unit coordination switching time and main computer unit transmit the information about switching time to wireless terminal.Wireless terminal determines when switching by described information, the communication that makes to be derived from wireless terminal not with the communication contention aware that is derived from main computer unit.
Except main frame and wireless terminal, between the inherent main computer unit of communication network and wireless terminal, the equipment of relaying/transmission information also may switch between up link and downlink communication.In some systems, this network equipment do not have correct reception, filtering and decoding from main computer unit about the needed circuit of information signal when switching between upstream and downstream communication.
Summary of the invention
Provide general introduction below by way of example instead of in the mode limiting.In one embodiment, provide the method for switching communication equipment between uplink communication path and downlink communication paths.Described method is measured the power level for the signal at least one radio frequency of one of described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths.More measured power level and threshold power level.Comparison between power level and the described threshold power level of switching between uplink circuitry and downlink circuitry based on measured.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of an embodiment of the communication system for switching between up link and downlink transmission;
Fig. 2 is the diagram of an embodiment of frame structure;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of an embodiment of the telecommunication circuit for switching between up link and downlink transmission;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart that is shown in an embodiment of the method for switching between up link and downlink transmission;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of an embodiment of the method at the definite transmission end of signal checking;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of an embodiment of the other method at the definite transmission end of signal checking;
Fig. 7 is the diagram of an embodiment of frame structure, and it illustrates the timing of power measurement.
According to common way, the feature of various descriptions is not to draw in proportion, but is drawn into the outstanding special characteristic relevant with present disclosure.
Specific implementation method
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of an embodiment of communication network 100.In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, communication network 100 comprises the base station 102 that can be coupled to communicatedly distributing antenna system (DAS) 103.In other embodiments, DAS 103 is used to for example, for example, transmit radio frequency signals between one or more upstream equipment (other source of base station transceiver 102, WAP (wireless access point) or radio frequency signals) and one or more upstream device (wireless terminal 112).In certain embodiments, base station transceiver 102 (being also known as " base station " 102 at this) is that a part and the wireless terminal 112 of the infrastructure of telecommunications service provider comprises customer premises equipment, CPE.Generally speaking, each radio frequency signals or the channel of communicating by letter with downstream wireless terminal 112 by it for base station 102, original downlink radio frequency signal is transmitted for one or more wireless terminal 112 and is received and original uplink radio frequency signal is transmitted for base station 102 and received by wireless terminal 112 at first by base station 102 at first.
Base station 102 manage between wireless terminal 112 and wireless terminal 112 be coupled to communicating by letter between other communication network (not shown) of base station 102.In one embodiment, communicating by letter between wireless terminal 112 and PSTN (PSTN) managed in base station 102.For instance, in this embodiment, communication network 100 is to communicate by letter with base station controller in honeycomb/pcs system and base station 102, and this base station controller serves as voice/PSTN gateway of PSTN.In another embodiment, base station 102 via with the telecommunication management wireless terminal 112 of IP gateway and network (such as internet) based on Internet Protocol (IP) between communicate by letter.In this embodiment, base station 102 is carried out Base-Band Processing and described IP data is put on channel in the IP data from IP gateway.In one embodiment, base station 102 is and the base station of IEEE802.16 compatibility.Alternatively, base station 102 can also meet the requirement of WiMax, WiBro, LTE or other alliance.Also having in other embodiment, base station 102 comprises multiple functions, and these functions comprise management PSTN and IP-based network communicating by letter between the two.
DAS 103 comprises and can be coupled to communicatedly the hub 106 of base station 102 and be positioned at away from hub 106 places and can be coupled to communicatedly four remote antenna unit 108-111 of hub 106.Each remote antenna unit 108-111 comprises one or more antenna 104, and these antenna is used to and wireless terminal 112 radio communications.In this embodiment, hub 106 is optically coupled to base station 102, but in other embodiments, hub 106 can be coupled by coaxial cable, wireless antenna or other communication media communicatedly with base station 102.Similarly, in this embodiment, hub 106 is optically coupled to each remote antenna unit 108-111, but in other embodiments, hub 106 can be coupled by coaxial cable, wireless antenna or other communication media communicatedly with remote antenna unit 108-111.In this embodiment, each in remote antenna unit 108-111 comprises two antennas 104, i.e. main antenna and diversity antenna; But in other embodiments, only use individual antenna 104 or more than two antennas 104 at each remote antenna unit 108-111 place.In one embodiment, DAS 103 also comprises one or more expanding element 114, and described expanding element can be coupling in communicatedly between hub 106 and remote antenna unit 110,111 and provide covering taking for example every one deck as tier building.
Base station 102 is used DAS 103 to communicate by letter with wireless terminal 112 via antenna 104.By using multiple access scheme (multiple access scheme) to realize the two-way communication between base station 102 and multiple wireless terminal 112.In one embodiment, communicate by letter with wireless terminal 112 employing code division multiple accesses (CDMA) scheme in base station 102.In another embodiment, base station 102 is used OFDM (OFDMA) scheme to communicate by letter with wireless terminal 112.In other embodiments, other multiple access scheme is used (for example TDMA, FDMA), or a more than multiple access scheme used, and for example comprises for the CDMA of voice communication with for the OFMDA of data communication.
In one embodiment, the some or all of communication between base station 102 and wireless terminal 112 used time division duplex (TDD) communication plan.TDD scheme is by making ul transmissions (from wireless terminal 112 to base station 102) and downlink transmission (from base station 102 to wireless terminal 112), at different time, two two-way communications between equipment occur to realize.In this embodiment, up link and downlink communication share identical frequency.
Although show in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 single base station 102 and hub 106, be understood that in other embodiments, multiple base stations 102 and/or hub 108 are used.In addition, although in this embodiment, the remote antenna unit 108-111 of a certain quantity is coupled to hub 106, and in other embodiments, the remote antenna unit 108-111 of other quantity is coupled to hub 106.
Below illustrate for the system based on the described TDD scheme of IEEE 802.16 standard, but be understood that the scope of present disclosure is intended to be included as other embodiment that is applied to other TDD scheme and described system and method is had to suitable adjustment, amendment and replacement.
System 100 allows wireless terminal 112 and can be coupled to communicatedly communicating by letter between one or more miscellaneous equipment of base station via for example PSTN or the network based on internet.Wireless terminal 112 via remote antenna 104 to remote antenna unit 108-111 transmit signal/from remote antenna unit 108-111 receive signal.In this embodiment, wireless terminal 112 is communicated by letter with a remote antenna unit 108-111 separately at every turn, for example, except during some situation, during transferring (handoff).For example, the information of exporting from wireless terminal 112 is transmitted by wireless terminal 112 and is received at the remote antenna unit 108 of for example communicating by letter with transmission wireless terminal 112.Remote antenna unit 108 reproduces the signal of receiving from wireless terminal 112 and together with other signal of receiving from other wireless terminal 112 transmitting to remote antenna unit 104, described signal is sent to hub 106.Hub 106 from remote antenna unit 108 (and other remote antenna unit 109-111, some is by expanding element 114) reception information, reproduce the signal of receiving and described signal be sent to base station 102.Base station 102 is processed described information and is transmitted this information to its destination.Received by base station 102 from the information of another network input.Base station 102 forwards the signal of input to remote antenna unit 108-111 by for example hub 106.Hub 106 receives described signal, reproduces this signal and this signal is sent to remote antenna unit 108-111.In one embodiment, identical down link signal is sent to each remote antenna unit 108-111.In interchangeable embodiment, base station 102 determines which in wireless terminal 112 is the destination of described information, generate, modulate and send to hub 106 signal that contains described information, described hub is sent to described information the remote antenna unit 108 of communicating by letter with destination wireless terminal 112.Herein, hub 106 receives described signal, reproduces this signal and this signal is sent to remote antenna unit 108.In either case, remote antenna unit 108 receives described signal, reproduces this signal and this signal of wireless transmission from hub 106.Wireless terminal 112 and then receive this wireless signal and information is wherein received and process.In this embodiment, for up link and downlink communication, hub 106 and remote antenna unit not demodulation of 108-111 or unpack the signal being transmitted by base station 102 and wireless terminal 112.Instead, hub 106 and remote antenna unit 108-111 serve as relaying, and they receive and reproduce the signal of receiving and only these signals are carried out to minimum processing simultaneously.
Fig. 2 illustrates an example of TDD transmission structure 200.In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the frame (being also referred to as " frame " 200 at this) that transmission structure 200 comprises (DL) subframe 202 that has down link and follows by up link (UL) subframe 204.A part for the second downlink subframe 205 of tdd frame subsequently is also illustrated.The each initial or end of transmission is known as transmission border here.In this embodiment, structurally broadly similar of each tdd frame 200, has the fixing duration of 5ms and contains a downlink subframe, is a uplink sub-frames subsequently.In certain embodiments, a part for tdd frame 200 is assigned to control data.In other embodiments, tdd frame 200 can have the variable duration, and/or multiple up link or downlink subframe can be included in each frame 200.In addition, first other embodiment can have uplink sub-frames, follows by downlink subframe, or has across the variation of the frame between uplink sub-frames and the downlink subframe of initial each frame.
The beginning of tdd frame 200 is assigned to downlink subframe 202.At the end place of downlink subframe 202, before time slot (TTG) 206 appears at uplink sub-frames 204 initial.Then, uplink sub-frames 204 starts, and another time slot (RTG) 208 appears between the end of uplink sub-frames 204 and the beginning of the downlink subframe subsequently 205 of next frame.
During downlink subframe 202, base station 102 is to one or more transmission in wireless terminal 112.During uplink sub-frames 204, one or more in wireless terminal 112 transmits to base station 102.TTG 206 between downlink subframe 202 and uplink sub-frames 204 is that base station 102 switches to receiving mode and drinks for each wireless terminal 112 switches to transfer mode from receiving mode the time of staying from transfer mode.Similarly, RTG208 is that base station 102 switches to transfer mode and drinks for wireless terminal 112 switches to receiving mode from transfer mode the time of staying from receiving mode.TTG 206 and RTG 208 also drink and stay time margin for affairs such as and determine/adjustment of propagation delay synchronous such as base station/movement.
Except base station 102 and wireless terminal 112, the RF circuit in DAS 103 also switches between processing downlink transmission and ul transmissions.Similar with wireless terminal 112 to base station 102, the RF circuit in DAS 103 switch in time slot TTG 206 and RTG208 during occur.RF circuit in RF circuit in hub 106 and each remote antenna unit 108-111 carries out described up link and down link switches.
In one embodiment, each frame 200 has identical duty ratio, and the duration of downlink subframe 202 and uplink sub-frames 204 is fixed.In interchangeable embodiment, described duty ratio is variable, makes the duration of downlink subframe 202 and uplink sub-frames 204 variable frame by frame.For variable duty ratio, based on system business (systemtraffic), user preference or other parameter duration of dynamic assignment subframe during the transmission.For instance, in one embodiment, frame 200 has the downlink subframe length that amounts to 47 frames and have 35,34 and 33 predetermined symbols, and the uplink sub-frames length of 12,13 and 14 symbols, and this is provided by communication protocol.The downlink subframe 202 of 35 symbols is corresponding to the uplink sub-frames 204 of 12 symbols.No matter the symbol quantity in each subframe, the sum of up link and downlink symbols remains 47.Therefore,, if there is less symbol in downlink subframe 202, in corresponding uplink sub-frames 204, more symbol will be had.In this embodiment, no matter frame 200 is fixing duty ratio or variable duty ratio, the time cycle of TTG 206 and RTG 208 has the fixing duration.
Although in this embodiment, the communication structure that system 100 is used is the frame that comprises as shown in Figure 2 two subframes, is understood that the scope of present disclosure is intended to comprise other frame/subframe structure known to those skilled in the art and other communication structure.
Wireless terminal 112 obtains the timing of downlink subframe 202 and uplink sub-frames 204 from the communication being sent by base station 102.In one embodiment, these communications appear on control channel independently and wireless terminal 112 monitoring control channels obtain the timing of frame and subframe.In another embodiment, wireless terminal 112 obtains the timing of the interior frame of frame 200 and subframe or directly determines described timing according to described transmission by monitoring current transmission load channel from the message being sent by base station 102.Under any circumstance, wireless terminal 112 determines that time that each frame 200 starts, downlink subframe 202 are by the time of end, switch to the time of transfer mode and start to transmit the point of uplink sub-frames 204 from receiving mode.But in this embodiment, hub 106 and remote antenna unit 108-111 do not have demodulation and wrap in the needed circuit of signal transmitting between base station 102 and wireless terminal 112.Therefore, in one embodiment, hub 106 and remote antenna unit 108-111 have the included circuit of timing of determining frame and subframe for independent.
Fig. 3 signal is for an embodiment of the circuit 300 of the timi requirement on the border of the transmission structure of definite communication network 100.In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the power level of the signal of circuit 300 based on being transmitted in network 100 is determined the timi requirement (subframe timing) on subframe border.Based on determined subframe timing, circuit 300 is determined the time of switching between down link and ul transmissions.For instance, in one embodiment, circuit 300 is determined the timi requirement on border, end of downlink subframe 202 and border, end based on downlink subframe 202 and is switched to ul transmissions from downlink transmission.
Circuit 300 detects the current signal (for example, between unshowned base station 102 and other wireless terminal) just transmitting on network 100, and the power level of more detected signal and threshold value are to determine the timing on subframe border.In one embodiment, circuit 300 is determined the border, end of subframe by detecting in real time the trailing edge of power level of the subframe in detected signal.In other embodiments, initiation threshold is to detect in real time the rising edge of the power level of the subframe in detected signal.As apparent according to above-mentioned and following explanation, apparatus and method described herein can be used to determine for the frame of the needed system of particular system and/or the timing of subframe.
In one embodiment, hub 106 and remote antenna unit 108-111 comprise that circuit such as circuit 300 to switch between up link and downlink transmission mode.In interchangeable embodiment, circuit 300 is only included in hub 106.Herein, hub 106 is determined switching time for himself and for remote antenna unit 108-111, and the control signal of indicating switching time is forwarded to remote antenna unit 108-111, this in lawyer's case number for 100.924US01, be entitled as " SYSTEM AND METHOD FORSYNCHRONIZED TIME-DIVISION DUPLEX SIGNAL SWITCHING (system and method switching for synchronous time-division duplex signal) ", application number is 12/144, in 939 application common undetermined, be described, be incorporated to by reference herein at this.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, circuit 300 is processed the signal of two frequency bands.Circuit 301 is processed the signal of first frequency band and circuit 302 and processes the signal of second frequency band.In this embodiment, circuit 301 is similar with 302, except allowing a shade of difference of circuit 301,302 each its corresponding frequencies of self-supporting.Therefore, only describe circuit 301 in detail.In other embodiments, only support a frequency band.Also having in other embodiment, support more than two frequency bands.
On circuit 301, transmit signal/receive signal from base station 102 to base station 102 at RF duplex port 303 places.Signal to/from wireless terminal 112 is transmitted and receives at down link (DL) port 304 and up link (UL) port 306 places respectively.Down link port 304 and uplink port 306 are coupled to and transmit and receive one or more antenna 104 from the wireless signal of wireless terminal 112.Variable resistance 308 is controlled the power of the down link signal transmitting from down link port 304.In uplink side, amplifier 310 amplifies the signal receiving from wireless terminal 112 for further processing and the transmission to base station 102.Switch 312 by RF duplex port 303 being coupled to down link port 304 or uplink port 306 between ul transmissions (uplink mode) and downlink transmission (downlink mode) commutation circuit 300.In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, switch 312 is to have a public connection (being coupled to duplex port 303) is connected (being coupled respectively to down link port 304 and uplink port 306) single-pole double throw switch with two switchings.In interchangeable embodiment, port 303 comprises two single work ports as duplex port operation.About the more details that circuit 300 and port 303 are configured to single work or duplex in lawyer's case number for 100.925US01, be entitled as " SYSTEM AND METHOD FORCONFIGURABLE TIME-DIVISION DUPLEX INTERFACE (for the system and method for configurable time-division duplex interface) ", application number is 12/144, in 913 application common undetermined, be provided, be incorporated to by reference herein at this.
An embodiment of the method 400 of end up link and downlink transmission path between the commutation circuit 300 of Fig. 4 signal based on definite downlink subframe 204.Below discuss and relate to from downlink transmission and switch to ul transmissions, but be understood that method and apparatus described herein also can be used to switch to downlink transmission from ul transmissions by suitable amendment.In order to determine the time of switching between down link and ul transmissions, the power level of down link signal is analyzed.During downlink subframe 202, the power level of the down link signal in circuit 300 is very high, because signal is just being transmitted by base station 102 and processed by circuit 300.At the end of downlink subframe 202, the power level of signal declines with the end of transmission.The power level that circuit 300 detects down link signal declines, and declines and determine the end of downlink subframe 202 based on this power level.In one embodiment, once circuit 300 determines that downlink subframe 202 has finished, switch 312 is just set to uplink mode.Circuit 300 is ready to process the uplink signal from wireless terminal 112 to base station 102 now in the time that uplink sub-frames 204 starts.In interchangeable embodiment, the known duration of the TTG206 between the end based on downlink subframe 202 and downlink subframe 202 and uplink sub-frames 204, switch 312 is set to uplink mode.Herein, switch 312 was just switched to uplink mode before uplink sub-frames 204 starts.In other embodiments, switch 312 is switched to uplink mode at the different time between the end of determined downlink subframe 202 and uplink sub-frames 204 initial.
Method 400 provides the real-time switching of circuit 300 during operation.At frame 402 places, the down link signal of receiving at circuit 300 places passes through coupler 315, the upstream of switch 312, and be coupled to RF detector 316.RF detector 316 is measured the power of down link signal, and at frame 404 places, comparator 318 sensing RF detectors 316 and comparison are by power level and the baseline threshold of the measured down link signal of RF detector 316.At frame 406 places, if having dropped to, the power level of down link signal is equal to or less than baseline threshold, comparator 318 sends interrupt signal to microprocessor 314.Microprocessor 314 is by being set to uplink mode by switch 312 or downlink mode is carried out control switch 312.Based on the interruption receiving from comparator 318, switch 312 is set to uplink mode by microprocessor 314, and therefore making RF circuit 300 is that ul transmissions is ready.In one embodiment, once microprocessor 314 receives interruption from comparator 318, method 400 just finishes with frame 408, at frame 408 place's microprocessors 314, switch 312 is set to uplink mode.As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment, microprocessor 314 is also cooperated with circuit 302 and the therefore second switch (not shown) from the second comparator 326 receive interruption signals and control circuit 302.
Referring back to frame 406, if the power level of downlink transmission is not less than or equals threshold power level, comparator 318 abandons described measurement result and method 400 is returned to frame 402 again to measure the power level of down link signal.Therefore, as shown in Figure 4, RF detector 316 from down link signal continuously readout power level and comparator 318 continuously the output of processing RF detector 316 until determined the end of downlink subframe 202.Although in this embodiment, between measured power level and threshold power level is relatively the comparison being less than or equal to, and in other embodiments, other comparison techniques is used as known to persons skilled in the art.
In one embodiment, method 400 frame 408 places switch 312 is set to uplink mode before also comprise the optional proof procedure shown in frame 410.This proof procedure carry out extra inspection reduce in signal the impact that declines of unexpected power and improve the possibility of switching at the end place of downlink subframe 202 reality.In order to carry out checking, after frame 406, when measured power level has dropped to while being equal to or less than threshold power level, and if method 400 proceeds to frame 410 by proof procedure, method 400 proceeds to frame 408 so that switch 312 is set to uplink mode.If proof procedure determines that it is not the end of downlink subframe that measured power declines, method 400 continues to turn back to frame 402 again to measure power.About the more details of proof procedure are included with respect to Fig. 5.
In one embodiment, circuit 300 is also to determine to described similar mode hereinbefore the time that switches to downlink transmission after uplink sub-frames 204 from ul transmissions.Therefore, circuit 300 declines to detect the end of uplink sub-frames 204 by the power at the end place of measurement ul transmissions.Interruption is sent to subsequently microprocessor 314 and microprocessor 314 is set to downlink mode based on this interruption by switch 312.
In interchangeable embodiment, circuit 300 is determined the time that switches to downlink transmission for the first frame from ul transmissions, and and then predictable timing based on frame 200 determine the switching time for frame subsequently.Because each frame 200 has identical duration and initial consistent due to the initial and frame 200 of downlink subframe 202, circuit 300 is determined the initial timing of the first downlink subframe 202 and is predicted the initial of downlink subframe 202 subsequently based on this timing.Therefore, according to the frame of network 100 and subframe timing and by circuit 300 be set to downlink mode with relaying the downlink transmission from base station 102 to wireless terminal 112.
In one embodiment, determine the initial of the first downlink subframe 202 by the trailing edge that detects previous uplink sub-frames 204, as previously mentioned.In interchangeable embodiment, by by relevant to reference signal detected signal and determine the initial of the first downlink subframe 202 in non real-time mode.About passing through relevant initial the determining to frame 200, and based on this definite prediction and the switching between downlink transmission and ul transmissions, (lawyer's case number is 100.921US01 in the application common undetermined that " METHOD AND APARATUS FOR FRAME DETECTIONIN A COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM (method and apparatus detecting for the frame of communication system) ", application number are 12/144,961 being entitled as; In these be known as ' 921 applications) in provide, be incorporated to by reference herein at this.
Fig. 5 and 6 signals are for the embodiment of the method for the proof procedure of the frame 410 of method 400.In one embodiment, method 500 and method 600 both carried out by (concurrently or continuously) as the proof procedure of frame 410.In another embodiment, manner of execution 500 only.Also having in another embodiment, only manner of execution 600.
The method 500 of Fig. 5 is for checking whether consistent with the known possible end of downlink subframe the measured power of RF detector 316 declines.Herein, TDD system has the predetermined combinations of the length of downlink subframe 202 and the length of uplink sub-frames 204.Microprocessor 314 (or firmware of operation on microprocessor 314) checks by predetermined subframe lengths whether detected power decline occurs in the time place at the possible end of downlink subframe 202.For instance, in one embodiment, TDD system has the downlink subframe length of predetermined 35,34 and 33 symbols, and the uplink sub-frames length of 12,13 and 14 symbols.The downlink subframe 202 of 35 symbols is corresponding to the uplink sub-frames 204 of 12 symbols.No matter the symbol quantity in each subframe, the sum of up link and downlink symbols remains 47.Therefore,, if there is less symbol in downlink subframe 202, in corresponding uplink sub-frames 204, more symbol will be had.
Method 500 starts at frame 502 places, measures from the initial of downlink subframe until the time quantum of the reception of interrupting at frame 502 place's microprocessors 314.At frame 504 places, 314 these time cycles of comparison of microprocessor and known possible downlink subframe length are to determine that whether the measured time cycle is corresponding to possible downlink subframe length.If measured length is mated with possible downlink subframe length really, microprocessor 314 is admitted the end of the interrupt flag downlink subframe 202 of receiving and is verified and pass through.This causes method 400 to proceed to frame 408 from frame 410, is set to uplink mode at frame 408 place's switches 312.If measured length is not mated with possible downlink subframe length, microprocessor 312 is ignored described interruption, and proof procedure failure.This causes method 400 to return to frame 402.In one embodiment, if the measured time cycle drops in the window in cycle effective time, the measured time cycle is confirmed as mating possible downlink subframe length.For instance, in one embodiment, symbol lengths is 100 microseconds, and described window is +/-10 microseconds.
As the schematic example of method 500, if the length of measured time cycle is 33 symbols (they are effective downlink subframe length in this TDD system), microprocessor 314 admits that the end of downlink subframe has occurred and switch 312 is set to uplink mode.But if the length of measured time cycle is 31 symbol lengths (they are not effective downlink subframe length), microprocessor 314 is ignored the interruption receiving so, and switch 312 remains downlink mode.
In one embodiment, by starting counter and check that counter measures the time cycle of the length of downlink subframe receiving while interrupting in the time that frame 200 starting.Can by for example ' 921 application described in method and system determine the initial of frame 200.In other embodiments, by counting the quantity of symbol or determining the time cycle with other known method of those skilled in the art.In one embodiment, for example, in the time that the time cycle of the active downlink subframe lengths that equals to grow most passes (35 symbols), microprocessor 314 is set to uplink mode by switch 312 automatically, and no matter whether receive interruption.
The method 600 of Fig. 6 is for checking whether detected power level decline is transmission end and is not an embodiment of the method for unexpected signal power decline.Method 600 by the power level that keeps (hold) a period of time and check down link signal after detected power level declines this section of time durations whether rise to threshold value with on check detected power level decline.After microprocessor 314 receives that trailing edge interrupts, microprocessor 314 starts timer, and this timer (for example 3 microseconds) within a period of time counts down and microprocessor 314 checks the rising edge interruption from comparator 318.In method 600, RF detector 316 and comparator 318 be the power level of the signal on reading circuit 300 continuously, even determined that at frame 406 power level of measured down link signal drops to and is equal to or less than threshold value.After below dropping to threshold value, if more than described power level rises and get back to threshold value, comparator 318 sends and interrupts to microprocessor 314 so.
Method 600 starts at frame 602 places, after this frame 602 is followed the frame 406 in Fig. 4.Start and keep timer (hold timer) at frame 602 places.At frame 604 places, the power level of the signal in RF detector 316 measuring circuits 300.In frame 606 places, the power level that comparator 318 is more measured and threshold power level.At frame 608 places, if measured power level is greater than threshold power level, comparator 318 sends and interrupts to microprocessor 314, and authentication failed.Because more than power level rises to threshold value in the short time after declining again, transmission likely still continue and measured power to decline be the unexpected power decline of institute between transmission period.In the time that this situation occurs, method 400 is ignored the first measured power level and is declined, and returns to frame 402.If measured power level is not greater than threshold value, measured power is still very low, and this is consistent with the end of transmission.At frame 610 places, method 600 checks whether timer reaches zero.If timer does not also reach zero, method 600 is returned to frame 604 again to measure power.If timer has reached zero, method 600 finishes, and to being verified of transmission end, and switch 312 is set to uplink mode at frame 408 places.
Referring now to Fig. 7, frame diagram 700 is illustrated, and its signal is for an embodiment of the timing of " connecting (on) " and " disconnecting (off) " signal measurement of definite threshold power level.As mentioned, carry out the definite of time to commutation circuit 300 by power level that relatively (in comparator 318) received and threshold power level.In one embodiment, threshold power level is determined by microprocessor 314 and is programmed in comparator 318.For definite threshold power level, microprocessor 314 is measured the being seen power level of RF detector 316 when known downlink signal " connection " (being present on circuit 300) and is again measured the being seen power level of RF316 when known downlink signal "off" (not being present on circuit 300).
In one embodiment, obtain these power level measurement results at the time durations of static frame duty ratio, make the duration of downlink subframe 702 and uplink sub-frames 704 fix and can not change to next frame from a frame.During static duty ratio, the initial time of downlink subframe 702 and uplink sub-frames 704 is known, and the firmware of operation on microprocessor 314 is set to downlink mode or uplink mode by switch 312 automatically in downlink mode and corresponding time of uplink mode.In these static frames interims, during downlink subframe 702, measure " connection " power level.In one embodiment, determine the power level of down link signal according to the snapshot (snapshot) of the obtained down link signal of analog to digital (A/D) transducer 320.A/D converter 320 is from RF detector 316 readout power levels and be the digital numerical value for microprocessor 314 by this power level transition.
In order to obtain "off" power level accurately, in the time that the transmission less than from base station 102 or wireless terminal 112 is just received, obtain "off" measurement result."off" power level is because uplink signal is to may being coupled of RF detector 316 and can not be measured reliably between uplink transmission.The possibility that is coupled to RF detector 316 in order to reduce transmission, at the end place of downlink subframe 704, microprocessor 314 is retention time interval 706 (for example several microseconds) before switch 312 is set to uplink mode.The delay in the time interval 706 has reduced wrong (errant) uplink signal is coupled to the possibility of RF detector 316.During the time interval 706, "off" measurement result obtained by RF detector 316 and A/D converter 320 provides described data to microprocessor 314.
Microprocessor 314 and then use carry out calculated threshold power level from " connection " and the "off" reading of A/D converter 320.In one embodiment, for example, obtained by A/D converter 320 across multiple " connections " and the "off" reading of some frames, and microprocessor 314 is " connection " and "off" both of these case computation of mean values and variance.In one embodiment, microprocessor 314 is elected the mid point between " connection " and "off" power level as threshold value.In other embodiments, microprocessor 314 is elected other power level as threshold value based on the known factor relevant with signal power level of those skilled in the art.In either case, once microprocessor 314 definite thresholds, microprocessor 314 is just sent to threshold value digital-to-analog converter 322.Numeral is to mode converter 322 and then will be converted to analog signal for comparator 318 from the digital signal of microprocessor 314.In one embodiment, threshold power level is by the new snapshot of A/D converter 320 and the processing of microprocessor 314 and periodically recalculated.
In many systems, frame timing is quite fast, and circuit 300 switching in the little time window between downlink transmission and ul transmissions from downlink mode to uplink mode occurred.Therefore, in one embodiment, determine that once microprocessor 314 switching should occur, carry out the switching from downlink mode to uplink mode at once.In the frame of Dynamic Duty Cycle, the delay between the switching from downlink mode to uplink mode of circuit 300 and this switching of base station 102 is determined by three factors.First factor is the main hardware delay by the circuit 300 causing the die-away time of RF detector 316.In one embodiment, the time constant of RF detector 316 is optimized to obtain fall time fast, not allowing has a large amount of fluctuations in signal.Second factor is that firmware postpones, and in one embodiment, postpones to be approximately 2 microseconds by interrupting processing caused firmware.Finally, the 3rd factor is due to the signal propagation time from base station 102 to circuit 300.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, before down link signal arrives RF detector 316 and A/D converter 320, this signal is attenuated by attenuator 324 as required.Attenuator 324 made the power level of high-power signal decay to reduce the desired dynamic range of A/D converter 320 before arriving A/D converter 320 at signal.The power level of the signal of microprocessor 314 based on being read by RF detector 316 and A/D converter 320 is controlled attenuator 324.For instance, in this embodiment, the range of signal at down link port 304 places requires as 25dB.Due to RF detect occur in switch 312 before, the range of signal seen at coupler 315 is extra 20dB.Therefore, the range of signal seen at coupler 315 is approximately 45dB.Attenuator 324 has the decay of 20dB and in the time being deactivated, has the decay of 0dB in the time being enabled.In the time that the signal power level at coupler 315 places is in the upper limit 20dB of the coupler 315 desired scopes in place, microprocessor 314 enables attenuator 324 so that the signal level at RF detector 316 and A/D converter 320 places is reduced to 20dB.
In one embodiment, microprocessor 314 determined whether to enable attenuator 324 before analyzing down link signal.Start time, microprocessor 314 enable attenuator 324 and and then coupler 315 down link signal is coupled to attenuator 324, RF detector 316 and A/D converter 320.In the situation that attenuator 324 is enabled, A/D converter 320 is sampled to the down link signal on some frames.Microprocessor 314 is subsequently from A/C transducer 320 received power levels and relatively this power level and attenuator threshold value.If average power level is lower than attenuator threshold value, microprocessor 314 attenuator 324 of stopping using so.If average power level is equal to or higher than attenuator threshold value, attenuator 324 remains and enables.There are the more details of the power level adjustment of shut off damper 324 to be provided in ' 921 applications.
Although in this signal with described specific embodiment, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that the specific embodiment of any layout that is intended to reach identical object shown in can replacing.It is significantly intended that any invention and should be only subject to the restriction of claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (11)
1. a method of switching communication equipment between uplink communication path and downlink communication paths, described method comprises:
Measure the power level for the signal at least one radio frequency of one of described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths;
More measured power level and threshold power level are to determine whether described communication equipment should switch between described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths; And
In the time that the described communication equipment of relatively instruction between measured power level and described threshold power level should switch between described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths:
Carry out verification step and confirm that described communication equipment should switch between described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths;
If described verification step is confirmed described communication equipment and should be switched between described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths, switches so between described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths; And
If described verification step described communication equipment unconfirmed should switch between described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths, between described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths, do not switch so, and
Wherein, described verification step comprise relatively when between measured power level and described threshold power level relatively indicate described communication equipment between described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths, to switch time time and known possible transmission border
Wherein, if when between measured power level and described threshold power level relatively indicate described communication equipment between described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths, to switch time time while not mating with described known possible transmission border, described verification step failure, and
Wherein, if when between measured power level and described threshold power level relatively indicate described communication equipment between described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths, to switch time time and when described known possible transmission Boundary Match, described verification step success.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein, if measured power level is less than or equal to described threshold power level, the described communication equipment of relatively instruction between so measured power level and described threshold power level should switch between described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein, described verification step comprises within a predetermined period of time more measured continuously power level and described threshold power level, wherein, if the described communication equipment of not indicating in described predetermined amount of time between measured power level and described threshold power level should switch between described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths, so described verification step failure, otherwise the success of described verification step.
4. the method for claim 1, wherein, relatively when between measured power level and described threshold power level relatively indicate described communication equipment between described uplink communication path and described downlink communication paths, to switch time time and described known possible transmission border comprise:
Measure the length of subframe; And
More measured length and known possible subframe lengths.
5. the method for claim 1, wherein more measured power level and threshold power level are more measured power level and the threshold power level of being determined by following steps:
Have transmission in described at least one radio frequency time, measure the connection power level of the signal in described at least one radio frequency;
While transmission, measure the disconnection power level of the signal in described at least one radio frequency in described at least one radio frequency;
Described threshold power level is arranged on the point between described connection power level and described disconnection power level.
6. the device for switching between up link and downlink transmission circuit, described device comprises:
Switch, the second port that it has first port of the uplink circuitry of being coupled to and is coupled to downlink circuitry;
Power level detector, it is arranged to the power level of measuring the signal that propagates through described switch;
Comparator, it is arranged to more measured power level and threshold power level; And
Treatment facility, it is arranged to relatively controls described switch between power level based on measured and described threshold power level;
Wherein, described treatment facility is further configured to, in the time that the described switch of relatively instruction between measured power level and described threshold power level should switch between described uplink circuitry and described downlink circuitry, carry out following content:
Carry out verification step and confirm that described switch should switch between described uplink circuitry and described downlink circuitry;
If described verification step is confirmed described switch and should be switched between described uplink circuitry and described downlink circuitry, switches so between described uplink circuitry and described downlink circuitry; And
If described verification step described switch unconfirmed should switch between described uplink circuitry and described downlink circuitry, between described uplink circuitry and described downlink circuitry, do not switch so, and
Wherein, described verification step comprise relatively when between measured power level and described threshold power level relatively indicate described switch between described uplink circuitry and described downlink circuitry, to switch time time and known possible transmission border
Wherein, if when between measured power level and described threshold power level relatively indicate described switch between described uplink circuitry and described downlink circuitry, to switch time time do not mate with described known possible transmission border, so described verification step failure, and
Wherein, if when between measured power level and described threshold power level relatively indicate described switch between described uplink circuitry and described downlink circuitry, to switch time time and described known possible transmission Boundary Match, the success of so described verification step.
7. device as claimed in claim 6, wherein, described comparator is arranged to determines that measured power level is less than or equal to the time of described threshold power level, wherein, if measured power level is less than or equal to described threshold power level, the described switch of relatively instruction between so measured power level and described threshold power level should switch between described uplink circuitry and described downlink circuitry.
8. device as claimed in claim 6, wherein, described verification step comprises within a predetermined period of time more measured continuously power level and described threshold power level, wherein, if the described switch of not indicating in described predetermined amount of time between measured power level and described threshold power level should switch between described uplink circuitry and described downlink circuitry, so described verification step failure, otherwise the success of described verification step.
9. device as claimed in claim 6, wherein, relatively when between measured power level and described threshold power level relatively indicate described switch between described uplink circuitry and described downlink circuitry, to switch time time and known possible transmission border comprise:
Measure the length of subframe; And
More measured length and known possible subframe lengths.
10. device as claimed in claim 6, wherein said power level detector is arranged to measuring coupling to the power level of the signal of the public connection of described switch or for arrive the power level of measuring described down link signal before described switch at down link signal.
11. 1 kinds of communication systems, described system comprises:
Multiple remote antenna units, it can be coupled to multiple wireless terminals communicatedly;
At least one hub, it can be coupled to described multiple remote antenna unit communicatedly, described at least one hub is arranged between base station and described multiple remote antenna unit coupled signal communicatedly, and described at least one hub also comprises device as claimed in claim 6;
Wherein, described uplink circuitry, is arranged to from described multiple wireless terminals and receives signal;
Wherein, described downlink circuitry, is arranged to described multiple wireless terminals and transmits signal;
Wherein, described hub also comprises duplicate circuitry, and it is connected to described switch and is arranged to and transmits and receive signal from described base station.
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| PCT/US2009/048150 WO2010008797A2 (en) | 2008-06-24 | 2009-06-22 | Method and apparatus for switching in a tdd system |
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| EP2294724A2 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
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| CN102160302A (en) | 2011-08-17 |
| WO2010008797A2 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
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