CN102158150B - Ultra-low power consumption motor starter - Google Patents
Ultra-low power consumption motor starter Download PDFInfo
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- CN102158150B CN102158150B CN 201110109998 CN201110109998A CN102158150B CN 102158150 B CN102158150 B CN 102158150B CN 201110109998 CN201110109998 CN 201110109998 CN 201110109998 A CN201110109998 A CN 201110109998A CN 102158150 B CN102158150 B CN 102158150B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-low power consumption motor starter, comprising a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor, a bidirectional triode thyristor, a rectifier bridge, an enhanced field-effect tube, a voltage-regulator diode and a plurality of capacitance resistance elements, wherein the rectifier bridge comprises diodes. When a compressor motor is started, an alternating current (AC) power supply is used for charging a capacitor, an N-metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS) tube gate pole is provided with a driving voltage to conduct the NMOS tube gate pole, the conduction current of the NMOS tube gate pole triggers the conduction of the bidirectional triode thyristor, and a secondary winding loop of the compressor motor is electrified. After the motor is started, the capacitor is charged fully, and the driving voltage of the NMOS tube gate pole is reduced gradually. When the driving voltage is less than the start voltage of an NMOS tube, the drain-source electrode of the NMOS tube is disconnected, the bidirectional triode thyristor is disconnected due to the loss of a trigger current, and the secondary winding loop of the motor is disconnected. After the starter is started, the steady state power consumption of the whole starter is low to reach the milliwatt level, thus greatly improving the energy-saving efficiency; and fewer electronic components are used, the circuit is simple, the operation is stable and reliable, the consistence of performance is good, and the capacity of resisting disturbance is strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motor starter, a kind of motor starter with ultralow power consumption particularly, it is mainly used in the starting of the compressor electric motor of tape running electric capacity, also can be used for the starting of general load motor.
Background technology
Referring to Fig. 1, present refrigerant compressor adopts the split-phase type monopole asynchronous motor mostly, for electronic function is started voluntarily, be provided with double winding on the stator core of motor, namely in order to the main winding 51 ' that produces main field with in order to produce the auxiliary winding 52 ' of auxiliary magnetic field.After energising, the synthetic rotating magnetic field cutting stationary rotor in major and minor magnetic field produces certain electromagnetic torque, make rotor begin rotation, rotor torque after starting will increase gradually, when rotating speed reaches 75% ~ 80% synchronous speed, cut-out auxiliary winding 52 ' loop, motor still can continue to rotate raising speed, until reach and external impedance torque balance, steady running.usually utilize at present positive temperature coefficient thermistor 54 ', be that the PTC starter is completed starting process, be in series with the PTC starter on the auxiliary winding 52 ' of refrigeration compressor motor, the PTC starter is in little resistance conducting state at normal temperatures, thermal effect when when starting because of electric current, PTC element temperature at short notice raises, after reaching Curie point, its resistance value rapidly increases to more than tens kilo-ohms, this moment, the impedance ratio with auxiliary winding 52 ' was equivalent to open circuit, the electric current of the starting winding of series connection is down to below tens milliamperes with it, at this moment motor starting process is completed, enter normal operation.When motor runs well, still there is the electric current of keeping of tens milliamperes to pass through in the PTC element, to keep the heating of PTC element, stop the electric motor starting winding to be had an effect when motor works, this power consumption of keeping the PTC element heating is usually in the 3W left and right.Because this motor is widely used, this heating power consumption has caused a large amount of wastes of electric energy.
Chinese patent ZL200520068558.X discloses a kind of mutual inductance type non-contact starter, is used for the starting load motor.By a current transformer, the current signal that sampling is relevant is controlled the conducting of bidirectional triode thyristor, can control the heating power consumption of current sampling system.But the parameter that it need to select suitable current transformer reaches assurance triggering bidirectional triode thyristor when electric motor starting, and do not trigger bidirectional triode thyristor when motor normally moves.The selection of this parameter is just more difficult, needs examination repeatedly to gather.And, when really putting into production, due to the separation property of component parameter, be difficult to guarantee that above-mentioned requirements one satisfies surely.In concrete practice was quoted, this circuit often produced misoperation, and namely after motor started, bidirectional triode thyristor also can be opened, and circuit working is stable not, causes unnecessary loss.After even in a single day current mutual-inductor parameter chooses, for different motor loads, do not have general applicability, for different motors, the parameter request of current transformer is different, goes so be difficult to put in actual production application.
Chinese patent ZL 200710030846.X discloses a kind of AC motor starter, and it and alternating current machine starting windings in series are used.Comprise bidirectional switch circuit and timing circuit, formed the bidirectional switch circuit by rectifier bridge and metal-oxide-semiconductor, formed timing circuit by electric capacity, triode, resistance, controlled the bidirectional switch circuit.Although this circuit can be realized the starting of alternating current machine, this circuit is after starting, and the voltage that bear at triode two ends is close to supply voltage, thus must adopt withstand voltage higher triode, thus increased cost.After electric motor starting was completed, triode was in conducting state, and this electric current is by motor auxiliary winding, resistance and triode, can consume many energy, although this invention title can drop to steady state power consumption below 0.5 watt, according to new standard, this steady state power consumption still is far from reaching requirement.This circuit does not add voltage-stabiliser tube between the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor and source electrode, be easy to cause the damage of metal-oxide-semiconductor grid.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome existing above-mentioned deficiency in prior art, and provides a kind of reasonable in design, the motor starter of simple in structure, super low-power consumption, dependable performance.
the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts: a kind of motor starter with ultralow power consumption is characterized in that: it comprises a bidirectional triode thyristor, rectifier bridge, a transistor, a voltage stabilizing didoe and some Resistor-Capacitor Unit that is comprised of four diodes, the first anode of bidirectional triode thyristor is connected with the alternating current machine auxiliary winding, and the second plate of bidirectional triode thyristor is connected with a brachium pontis of AC power, alternating current machine main winding and rectifier bridge, and the gate pole of bidirectional triode thyristor is connected with another brachium pontis of rectifier bridge, a dc output end of rectifier bridge is connected with an end of the first resistance and an end of the 4th resistance, the other end of the first resistance is connected with an end of the first electric capacity, the series circuit of the two ends of the first electric capacity the 5th resistance in parallel and the 6th resistance, the other end of the first electric capacity and voltage stabilizing didoe, one end of the parallel circuits of the second electric capacity and the second resistance and an end of the 3rd resistance are connected, voltage stabilizing didoe, the other end of the second electric capacity and the second resistance parallel circuits is connected with another dc output end of transistor and rectifier bridge, the other end of the 3rd resistance is connected with transistor, the other end of the 4th resistance is connected with transistor.
It also comprises a positive temperature coefficient thermistor the present invention, and an end of described positive temperature coefficient thermistor is connected with the second plate of bidirectional triode thyristor, and the other end is connected with a brachium pontis of AC power, alternating current machine main winding and rectifier bridge.
Transistor of the present invention is the enhancement mode field effect transistor, the source electrode of enhancement mode field effect transistor is connected with the parallel circuits of voltage stabilizing didoe, the second electric capacity, the second resistance, the gate pole of enhancement mode field effect transistor is connected with the 3rd resistance, and the collector electrode of enhancement mode field effect transistor is connected with the 4th resistance.
Transistor of the present invention is igbt, the emitter of igbt is connected with the parallel circuits of voltage stabilizing didoe, the second electric capacity, the second resistance, the gate pole of igbt is connected with the 3rd resistance, and the drain electrode of igbt is connected with the 4th resistance.
The present invention compared with prior art has following positive effect: electronic devices and components are few, circuit is simple, cost is low, dependable performance, and the power consumption of whole design circuit is extremely low, usually only have below 10 milliwatts.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 4.
In figure: E-AC power, La-motor main winding, Lb-motor auxiliary winding, Q1-enhancement mode field effect transistor, T1-igbt, PTC-positive temperature coefficient thermistor, T-bidirectional triode thyristor, BR-rectifier bridge, DZ-voltage stabilizing didoe.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 2, the present embodiment comprises a positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC, a bidirectional triode thyristor T, rectifier bridge BR, enhancement mode field effect transistor Q1, a voltage stabilizing didoe DZ and some Resistor-Capacitor Unit that is comprised of four diode D1, D2, D3, D4.in the present embodiment, enhancement mode field effect transistor Q1 adopts the NMOS pipe, the first anode A1 of bidirectional triode thyristor T is connected with alternating current machine auxiliary winding Lb, the second plate A2 of bidirectional triode thyristor T is connected with the end of positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC, the other end of positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC and AC power one end A, the brachium pontis of alternating current machine main winding La and rectifier bridge BR is connected, the gate pole G of bidirectional triode thyristor T is connected with another brachium pontis of rectifier bridge BR, the dc output end of rectifier bridge BR is connected with an end of the first resistance R 1 and an end of the 4th resistance R 4, the other end of the first resistance R 1 is connected with an end of the first capacitor C 1, the series circuit of the two ends of the first capacitor C 1 the 5th resistance R 5 in parallel and the 6th resistance R 6, the other end of the first capacitor C 1 and voltage stabilizing didoe DZ, one end of one end of the parallel circuits of the second capacitor C 2 and the second resistance R 2 and the 3rd resistance R 3 is connected, voltage stabilizing didoe DZ, the other end of the second capacitor C 2 and the second resistance R 2 parallel circuitss is connected with the source S of enhancement mode field effect transistor Q1 and another dc output end of rectifier bridge BR, the other end of the 3rd resistance R 3 is connected with the gate pole G of enhancement mode field effect transistor Q1, the other end of the 4th resistance R 4 is connected with the drain D of enhancement mode field effect transistor Q1.
At the beginning of motor begins starting, voltage on the first capacitor C 1 is zero, when just powering on, electric current is got back to AC power other end B by a brachium pontis, the first resistance R 1, the first capacitor C 1, another brachium pontis of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ, rectifier bridge BR, bidirectional triode thyristor T, the motor auxiliary winding Lb of an end A, the rectifier bridge BR of AC power E, this path is given the first capacitor C 1 charging, this moment, voltage stabilizing didoe DZ was operated in the voltage stabilizing state, the gate pole G of NMOS pipe Q1 has driving voltage, this voltage is higher than the turning-on voltage of NMOS pipe Q1, so NMOS pipe Q1 conducting.This moment, electric current was held by the source electrode D of power supply one end A, brachium pontis of rectifier bridge BR, the 4th resistance R 4, NMOS pipe Q1 again, then the S end is got back to another brachium pontis of rectifier bridge BR, bidirectional triode thyristor T, motor auxiliary winding Lb return AC power other end B from draining.Because this current ratio is larger, can drives bidirectional triode thyristor T and make it conducting.After bidirectional triode thyristor T conducting, positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC energising, motor auxiliary winding Lb flows through very large electric current, at this moment electric motor starting.Positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC plays a protective role in the loop simultaneously; even bidirectional triode thyristor T is breakdown; flow through very large electric current on motor auxiliary winding Lb loop and positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC; the resistance of positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC sharply increases; the electric current in motor auxiliary winding Lb loop is limited in very little scope; can protect motor not to be burned, increase the security of system reliability.After electric motor starting, electric charge on the first capacitor C 1 slowly increases, the voltage climbed, rise to when equating with AC supply voltage, just can't continue to have charged, this moment, voltage stabilizing didoe DZ both end voltage trended towards zero, NMOS pipe Q1 gate pole G driving voltage also trends towards zero, NMOS pipe Q1 can't conducting, and bidirectional triode thyristor T closes, and motor auxiliary winding Lb loop just is disconnected.This moment, electric motor starting was completed, starting circuit is in the state that zero energy consumes substantially, unique consumption is that the 5th resistance R 5, the 6th resistance R 6 that are connected in parallel on the first capacitor C 1 two ends produce, because the voltage on the first capacitor C 1 is very high, the first capacitor C 1 is by the 5th resistance R 5, the 6th resistance R 6 discharges, can consume a little power, but the resistance of the 5th resistance R 5, the 6th resistance R 6 is very large, generally can reach tens megaohms, so the power consumption of whole circuit after starting is very little, generally below 10 milliwatts.After outage, the electric charge on the first capacitor C 1 again can refill electric charge at one minute with interior by the 5th resistance R 5, the 6th resistance R 6 discharge, again actuating motor.
Starting time of the present invention can be controlled by the first resistance R 1, increases the first resistance R 1 and can extend the starting time, reduces the first resistance R 1 and can shorten the starting time, therefore the starting time is easy to adjust.
The present invention adopts enhancement mode field effect transistor Q1 pipe to be voltage driven element, can avoid the large drawback of discreteness of triode current amplification factor commonly used, drives stability and greatly improves.Be connected in parallel between enhancement mode field effect transistor Q1 the second capacitor C 2 effectively filtering be added in the disturbing pulse of gate pole G, can make enhancement mode field effect transistor Q1 be unlikely to produce misleading when turn-offing, improved antijamming capability.Connect voltage stabilizing didoe DZ between the gate pole G of enhancement mode field effect transistor Q1 and drain electrode S, play the effect of clamper gate voltage, make it to be unlikely to overvoltage and damage enhancement mode field effect transistor Q1.
Embodiment 2:
Referring to Fig. 3, unique difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is to make the enhancement mode field effect transistor Q1 in embodiment 1 into igbt (IGBT) T1, the emitter E of igbt T1 is connected with the parallel circuits of voltage stabilizing didoe DZ, the second capacitor C 2, the second resistance R 2, the gate pole G of igbt T1 is connected with the 3rd resistance R 3, the collector electrode C of igbt T1 is connected with the 4th resistance R 4, and other design circuit is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
Referring to Fig. 4, unique difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC is removed, the first anode A1 of bidirectional triode thyristor T is connected with alternating current machine auxiliary winding Lb, the second plate A2 of bidirectional triode thyristor T is connected with the brachium pontis of AC power E, alternating current machine main winding La and rectifier bridge BR, and the gate pole G of bidirectional triode thyristor T is connected with another brachium pontis of rectifier bridge BR.Other design circuit is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4:
Referring to Fig. 5, unique difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 2 is that positive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC is removed, the first anode A1 of bidirectional triode thyristor T is connected with alternating current machine auxiliary winding Lb, the second plate A2 of bidirectional triode thyristor T is connected with the brachium pontis of AC power E, alternating current machine main winding La and rectifier bridge BR, and the gate pole G of bidirectional triode thyristor T is connected with another brachium pontis of rectifier bridge BR.Other design circuit is identical with embodiment 2.
Although the present invention with embodiment openly as above; but it is not to limit protection scope of the present invention; any technical staff who is familiar with this technology not breaking away from change and the retouching of doing in the spirit and scope of the present invention, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.And the title that parts of the present invention are got also can be different, and all equivalence or simple change of doing according to the described structure of patent design of the present invention, feature and principle are included in the protection range of patent of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. motor starter with ultralow power consumption, it is characterized in that: it comprises a bidirectional triode thyristor, rectifier bridge, a transistor, a voltage stabilizing didoe and some Resistor-Capacitor Unit that is comprised of four diodes, the first anode of bidirectional triode thyristor is connected with the alternating current machine auxiliary winding, and the second plate of bidirectional triode thyristor is connected with a brachium pontis of AC power, alternating current machine main winding and rectifier bridge, and the gate pole of bidirectional triode thyristor is connected with another brachium pontis of rectifier bridge, a dc output end of rectifier bridge is connected with an end of the first resistance and an end of the 4th resistance, the other end of the first resistance is connected with an end of the first electric capacity, the series circuit of the two ends of the first electric capacity the 5th resistance in parallel and the 6th resistance, the other end of the first electric capacity and voltage stabilizing didoe, one end of the parallel circuits of the second electric capacity and the second resistance and an end of the 3rd resistance are connected, voltage stabilizing didoe, the other end of the second electric capacity and the second resistance parallel circuits is connected with another dc output end of transistor and rectifier bridge, the other end of the 3rd resistance is connected with transistor, the other end of the 4th resistance is connected with transistor, described motor starter with ultralow power consumption also comprises a positive temperature coefficient thermistor, one end of positive temperature coefficient thermistor is connected with the second plate of bidirectional triode thyristor, and the other end is connected with a brachium pontis of AC power, alternating current machine main winding and rectifier bridge.
2. motor starter with ultralow power consumption according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described transistor is the enhancement mode field effect transistor, the source electrode of enhancement mode field effect transistor is connected with the parallel circuits of voltage stabilizing didoe, the second electric capacity, the second resistance, the gate pole of enhancement mode field effect transistor is connected with the 3rd resistance, and the collector electrode of enhancement mode field effect transistor is connected with the 4th resistance.
3. motor starter with ultralow power consumption according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described transistor is igbt, the emitter of igbt is connected with the parallel circuits of voltage stabilizing didoe, the second electric capacity, the second resistance, the gate pole of igbt is connected with the 3rd resistance, and the drain electrode of igbt is connected with the 4th resistance.
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| CN 201110109998 CN102158150B (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2011-04-29 | Ultra-low power consumption motor starter |
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| CN 201110109998 CN102158150B (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2011-04-29 | Ultra-low power consumption motor starter |
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| CN102158150B true CN102158150B (en) | 2013-06-19 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106961268A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-07-18 | 深圳市振邦智能科技股份有限公司 | Idle resistance start-up circuit |
| CN107040169A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-08-11 | 深圳市振邦智能科技股份有限公司 | Electronic type idle resistance starter circuit |
| CN106953552A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-07-14 | 深圳市振邦智能科技股份有限公司 | Compressor start circuit and refrigerator |
| CN108712114B (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2023-07-04 | 杭州星帅尔电器股份有限公司 | Intelligent motor starter and control method thereof |
| CN114079277A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-22 | 国源容开国际科技（北京）股份有限公司 | Discharge switch for AC capacitor |
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