CN102155465A - Zero-friction air cylinder with air bearing - Google Patents

Zero-friction air cylinder with air bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102155465A
CN102155465A CN2011100723399A CN201110072339A CN102155465A CN 102155465 A CN102155465 A CN 102155465A CN 2011100723399 A CN2011100723399 A CN 2011100723399A CN 201110072339 A CN201110072339 A CN 201110072339A CN 102155465 A CN102155465 A CN 102155465A
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Prior art keywords
piston
air
cylinder
bearing
friction
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CN2011100723399A
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Chinese (zh)
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陶国良
朱晓
刘昊
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Priority to CN2011100723399A priority Critical patent/CN102155465A/en
Publication of CN102155465A publication Critical patent/CN102155465A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The invention discloses a zero-friction air cylinder with an air bearing. The zero-friction air cylinder comprises the air bearing and a piston, wherein the air bearing is matched with the piston rod; the piston is designed according to an air-float principle; and the zero-friction support of a moving part and a fixed part of the air cylinder can be realized by the air-float bearing and the piston, namely a high-pressure air film is formed at a contact surface to isolate two surfaces which are supported mutually. Air is provided for the piston in the inner part of the air cylinder by the zero-friction air cylinder through the hollow piston rod and a soft pipe, and spherical hinge connection is applied, thus the zero-friction air cylinder can bear certain radial loading, and the piston is not stuck in the air cylinder; by the zero-friction air cylinder provided by the invention, the friction of the air cylinder is reduced greatly, greater stroke can be realized without lubrication and sealing, the radial force in a certain range can be borne, and the structure is simple and is convenient to maintain.

Description

The nothing friction cylinder that has air-bearing
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cylinder, relate in particular to a kind of nothing friction cylinder that has air-bearing.
Background technique
The frictional force of cylinder results from contact friction, is specially friction between rubber seal and the cylinder barrel and the friction between piston rod and the dust ring.
In order to reduce friction, a kind of known method is by the machining accuracy that improves cylinder, adopts special lubricating grease and use the little material of friction factor to reduce the frictional force of cylinder.This traditional low cylinder that rubs be on the basis of common cylinder the smoothness by improving contact surface, improve lubricating condition and reduce frictional force.This traditional method has reduced the frictional force of cylinder to a certain extent, but has processing difficulties, cost height, difficult in maintenance and defective that the life-span is short.
Another known method has adopted new technologies such as clearance seal and ball guide sleeve.This novel low friction cylinder greatly reduces frictional force between piston rod and the end cap by adopting clearance seal, has also used the ball guide sleeve between piston and the cylinder barrel, utilizes ball to support and has also reduced frictional force effectively.This novel low friction cylinder all has breakthrough aspect at the uniform velocity property, high low pressure friction, high speed and high frequency, yet has some defectives too, and such as to load-sensitive radially, complex structure, manufacturing difficulty are big, cost an arm and a leg.
Also has the low friction of a kind of known diaphragm type cylinder.This is a kind of final controlling element that adopts the barrier film capsule to do sealing, and air tight need not lubricated, and frictional force is also little.One deck barrier film capsule connected to one another is arranged between piston and the cylinder inner wall, do not produce direct contact between the two, and the piston rod front end adopts linear ball bearing, greatly reduced the frictional force of cylinder.Though this cylinder has many advantages, because the restriction of diaphragm structure, its cylinder stroke generally is not very big.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of nothing friction cylinder that has air-bearing is provided, this nothing friction cylinder has not only solved the existing low defectives such as complex structure, processing that cylinder had are difficult in maintenance, radial load sensitivity that rub, but also has the characteristics of big stroke, ultra low-friction.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of nothing friction cylinder that has air-bearing, this cylinder has the piston rod that a piston and inside have air-flow path, the two links to each other by a piston joint that has spherical hinge structure, there is certain clearance between piston and the cylinder barrel, pressurized air can be offered described gap through throttle orifice, it is characterized in that the front end of described piston rod is supported by air-bearing, the rear end links to each other with piston by the piston connecting head.
Further, described piston is according to the principle design of air-bearing, and hollow in it circumferentially is distributed with throttle orifice so that the pressurized air in the piston cavity can flow to the gap and forms the high pressure air film with support piston.
Further, along circumferentially the distribute throttle orifice of some of piston, and evenly distribute, the end of throttle orifice is provided with all presses the chamber.
Further, the throttle orifice that circumferentially distributes along piston piston axially on several rows are arranged, and be symmetrically distributed.
Further, the piston joint that connects piston and piston rod has ball pivot, can have certain off-centre to guarantee piston and piston rod.
Further, piston rod is a hollow, and air-flow path and piston cavity that it is inner pass through soft pipe connection.
Further, pressurized air feeds from the bearing suction port, and enters piston cavity through air-flow path and flexible pipe, realizes air feed.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that the present invention greatly reduces the frictional force of cylinder, can realize big stroke, need not lubricated and sealing, can bear the radial force in the certain limit, simple in structure, easy to maintenance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of nothing manufactured according to the present invention friction cylinder;
Fig. 2 is a cylinder movable part subsection;
Fig. 3 is the air-bearing part sectioned view;
Fig. 4 is the piston cross-section sketch of example 1;
Fig. 5 is the piston air supporting schematic diagram of example 1;
Fig. 6 is the piston cross-section sketch of example 2;
Fig. 7 is the piston air supporting schematic diagram of example 2;
Fig. 8 is the sectional drawing sectional view of piston rod;
Among the figure, 1, air-flow path, 2, piston rod, 3, piston joint, 4, piston, 5, the gap, 6, throttle orifice, 7, air-bearing, 8, cylinder barrel, 9, flexible pipe, 10, piston cavity, 11, the bearing suction port, 12, all press the chamber, 13, gas-tpe fitting, 14, gas-tpe fitting, 15, cylinder air inlet, 16, cylinder air inlet, 17, the air-bearing suction port, 18, front cover, 19, rear end cover, 20, standing part, 21, movable part, 22, connecting rod, 23, ball pivot, 24, baffle plate, 25, the back buffer head, 26, circlip, 27, seal ring, 28, the cushion seal circle.
Embodiment
The present invention on the basis of common cylinder according to the piston portion of the principle design cylinder of air-bearing, make it constitute a static pressure air-bearing shaft bearing with the cylinder barrel inwall, and be connected with air-bearing equally with the contact segment of cylinder front cover at piston rod, so just realized that the moving element of cylinder is connected with not movable non-contact partly, has reduced frictional force greatly.Cylinder piston according to the principle design of air-bearing is to spray pressurized air by being distributed in the circumferential throttle orifice of piston by the micro-gap of internal piston between piston and cylinder barrel, with regard to the air film that has formed a high pressure piston and cylinder barrel is not come in contact in this gap like this.When piston is subjected to certain radial force, for example be a power vertically downward, the medial axis of downward bias from cylinder barrel understood in piston its axle center under the effect of this power, micro-gap between piston and the cylinder barrel also can change, according to hydromechanical knowledge, thereby the pressure of this gap lower half portion will be higher than the pressure of upper half part makes piston be subjected to making a concerted effort of making progress, and balances each other with the external force that piston is subjected to joint efforts up to this, and position of piston tends towards stability.According to this principle, this cylinder has just had the ability of opposing radial load.Stuck in cylinder barrel when being subjected to radial force for fear of piston, the present invention has used ball pivot to be connected at piston with the joint of piston rod.The application of ball pivot allows piston rod axle center and piston axes to have certain angle, has avoided the stuck defective in cylinder barrel of piston possibility.According to the piston of the principle design of air-bearing, its air feed is to feed internal piston through flexible pipe again by the piston rod of hollow and in the joint of piston rod and piston.
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, it is more obvious that purpose of the present invention and effect will become.
Fig. 1 shows the three-dimensional perspective of this nothing friction cylinder, and this nothing friction cylinder comprises standing part 20 and movable part 21.Wherein, standing part 20 comprises front cover 18, rear end cover 19, cylinder barrel 8 and is fixed on air-bearing 7 on the front cover 18 that movable part 21 then is made up of the piston rod 2 of piston 4, piston joint 3 and hollow.Standing part 20 and movable part 21 contacted parts are at piston 4 and air-bearing 7 places, and these two places all utilize the realization of air supporting principle to support, and promptly two faces that support mutually directly do not contact but pass through one deck air film.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show the sectional drawing of the movable part of this nothing friction cylinder respectively, and piston joint 3 includes a flexural pivot, can improve under the bigger situation of cylinder stroke owing to the situation to the bad seizure of piston that causes of neutrality.
Have a micro-gap 5 between piston 4 and the cylinder barrel 8, pressurized gas is sprayed by throttle orifice 6 in piston cavity 10, and is full of whole gap 5, has just formed a high pressure air film like this in this gap 5, to realize no friction support.
Piston 4 links together by the piston rod 2 of piston joint 3 with hollow, just formed a air-flow path and the gas-tpe fitting on gas-tpe fitting on the piston 4 13 and the piston rod 2 14 usefulness flexible pipes 9 are coupled together through hollow piston rod 2, by this air-flow path pressurized air is delivered to piston cavity 10, realized the air feed of air floating piston.
Before starting, cylinder to guarantee that bearing suction port 11 and air-bearing suction port 17 have been communicated with source of the gas, can start cylinder after air-bearing is started working.
In the example shown in Fig. 1~5, piston 4 has two cribbing discharge orifices 12, and every row has 8.As described in going forward, cylinder is ready good, earlier to bearing suction port 11 and air-bearing suction port 17 air feed, treats can start cylinder after air-bearing 7 and piston 4 proper functioning.When cylinder is started working, owing to almost there is not frictional force, stroke is bigger, damage cylinder for fear of colliding at a high speed, in cylinder, also designed the gas buffer structure, effect by baffle plate 24 and buffering seal ring 28, when closing on end of travel, piston can utilize the orifice restriction effect of gas buffer structure that the pressure of cylinder low-pressure cavity is risen rapidly, slow down the preceding TAS true airspeed of piston, along with the gas of low-pressure cavity is arranged from throttling pore gradually to outlet, the piston arrives end of travel, baffle plate 24 also contacts with cylinder front cover 18, piston 4 stop motions, so far, cylinder has just been finished the motion of a stroke.
Involved in the present invention to air floating piston 4 its structures can have multiple variation.Shown in Fig. 6~7 is the piston cross-section figure and the sectional drawing of another example of the present invention.Piston 4 has three cribbing discharge orifices 12 in this example, and every row has 12.
Although according to concrete example the present invention is described in detail, in the category that following claim of the present invention limited, still there are multiple variation and modification.
The foregoing description is used for the present invention that explains, rather than limits the invention, and in the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any modification and change to the present invention makes all fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. nothing friction cylinder that has an air-bearing, this cylinder has the piston rod (2) that a piston (4) and inside have air-flow path (1), the two links to each other by a piston joint (3) that has spherical hinge structure, there is certain clearance (5) between piston (4) and the cylinder barrel (8), pressurized air can be offered described gap (5) through throttle orifice (6), it is characterized in that, the front end of described piston rod (2) is supported by air-bearing (7), and the rear end links to each other with piston (4) by piston connecting head (3).
2. nothing friction cylinder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described piston (4) is according to the principle design of air-bearing, hollow in it circumferentially is distributed with throttle orifice (6) so that the pressurized air in the piston cavity (10) can flow to gap (5) and forms the high pressure air film with support piston (4).
3. nothing as claimed in claim 2 friction cylinder is characterized in that, along piston (4) throttle orifice (6) of some that circumferentially distributes, and evenly distributes.
4. nothing as claimed in claim 3 friction cylinder is characterized in that, the end of the throttle orifice (6) that circumferentially distributes along piston (4) is provided with all presses chamber (12).
5. nothing as claimed in claim 2 friction cylinder is characterized in that, the throttle orifice (6) that circumferentially distributes along piston (4) piston (4) axially on several rows are arranged, and be symmetrically distributed.
6. nothing friction cylinder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the piston joint (3) that connects piston (4) and piston rod (2) has ball pivot, can have certain off-centre to guarantee piston (4) and piston rod (2).
7. nothing friction cylinder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that piston rod (2) is a hollow, and its inner air-flow path (1) is communicated with by flexible pipe (9) with piston cavity (10).
8. nothing friction cylinder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that pressurized air feeds from bearing suction port (11), and enters piston cavity (10) through air-flow path (1) and flexible pipe (9), realizes air feed.
CN2011100723399A 2011-03-24 2011-03-24 Zero-friction air cylinder with air bearing Pending CN102155465A (en)

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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102374208A (en) * 2011-11-04 2012-03-14 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空精密机械研究所 Aerostatic bearing guiding cylinder without friction interference
CN103016444A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 浙江工业大学 Air-suspending friction-free air cylinder with cylinder barrels for air supply
CN103016445A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 浙江工业大学 Air-suspending frictionless cylinder with pressure equalizing type gas unloading groove
CN103016443A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 浙江工业大学 Air suspension friction-free air cylinder provided with pressure relief groove
CN103016441A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 浙江工业大学 Air flotation cylinder for forming stable air film by microporous material
CN103047220A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-17 浙江工业大学 Cylinder barrel air supply pressure equalizing air floatation friction-free air cylinder
CN103375652A (en) * 2012-04-20 2013-10-30 上海微电子装备有限公司 Air floating pipe joint component and six-degree-of-freedom air floating pipe joint and mask platform both applying same
CN103527561A (en) * 2013-10-18 2014-01-22 浙江工业大学 Friction-free constant force output gas floatation device
CN103527560A (en) * 2013-10-18 2014-01-22 浙江工业大学 Constant-force-output air-floating device with air cylinder compensation function
CN103527532A (en) * 2013-10-18 2014-01-22 浙江工业大学 Long-distance friction-free constant-force output air floatation device
CN104454775A (en) * 2014-11-04 2015-03-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Two-end pretightened type low-frictional characteristic air cylinder with cylinder barrel bending vibration caused by piezoelectric stacks
CN104595277A (en) * 2014-12-29 2015-05-06 广东工业大学 Friction-free quick-response balancing device
CN106246634A (en) * 2016-08-12 2016-12-21 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of air-float zero-friction air cylinder of dual-piston structure
CN107131172A (en) * 2017-06-04 2017-09-05 珠海市运泰利自动化设备有限公司 The new type power structure of equilibrium principle is interlocked based on air
CN107830008A (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-03-23 江苏大学 A kind of general double acting air supporting friction-free air cylinder
CN108953471A (en) * 2018-07-10 2018-12-07 哈尔滨工业大学 It is a kind of without friction gravity unloading mechanism
CN110701189A (en) * 2019-09-23 2020-01-17 浙江大学 Gas lubrication method adopting axial non-uniform arrangement and application
CN113700696A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-11-26 江苏大学 Friction adjustable cylinder with independent air supply at rear end
CN114109960A (en) * 2021-11-09 2022-03-01 刘铁军 Anti-leakage hollow plunger hydraulic oil cylinder

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CN2803580Y (en) * 2005-05-27 2006-08-09 汤秀清 High speed airfloat electric manshaft
CN1888454A (en) * 2006-07-14 2007-01-03 烟台未来自动装备有限责任公司 Internal control automatic reciprocating air cylinder
CN201093013Y (en) * 2007-10-15 2008-07-30 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Internal groove self-lubricating movable static pressure coupled air bearing

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Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102374208A (en) * 2011-11-04 2012-03-14 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空精密机械研究所 Aerostatic bearing guiding cylinder without friction interference
CN103375652A (en) * 2012-04-20 2013-10-30 上海微电子装备有限公司 Air floating pipe joint component and six-degree-of-freedom air floating pipe joint and mask platform both applying same
CN103016445B (en) * 2012-12-31 2015-02-25 浙江工业大学 Air-suspending frictionless cylinder with pressure equalizing type gas unloading groove
CN103016444A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 浙江工业大学 Air-suspending friction-free air cylinder with cylinder barrels for air supply
CN103016445A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 浙江工业大学 Air-suspending frictionless cylinder with pressure equalizing type gas unloading groove
CN103016443A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 浙江工业大学 Air suspension friction-free air cylinder provided with pressure relief groove
CN103016441A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 浙江工业大学 Air flotation cylinder for forming stable air film by microporous material
CN103047220A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-17 浙江工业大学 Cylinder barrel air supply pressure equalizing air floatation friction-free air cylinder
CN103016443B (en) * 2012-12-31 2015-08-12 浙江工业大学 A kind of gas suspension with pressure relief groove is without friction cylinder
CN103016444B (en) * 2012-12-31 2015-02-25 浙江工业大学 Air-suspending friction-free air cylinder with cylinder barrels for air supply
CN103047220B (en) * 2012-12-31 2015-02-18 浙江工业大学 Cylinder barrel air supply pressure equalizing air floatation friction-free air cylinder
CN103016441B (en) * 2012-12-31 2015-02-18 浙江工业大学 Air flotation cylinder for forming stable air film by microporous material
CN103527560A (en) * 2013-10-18 2014-01-22 浙江工业大学 Constant-force-output air-floating device with air cylinder compensation function
CN103527532A (en) * 2013-10-18 2014-01-22 浙江工业大学 Long-distance friction-free constant-force output air floatation device
CN103527561A (en) * 2013-10-18 2014-01-22 浙江工业大学 Friction-free constant force output gas floatation device
CN103527561B (en) * 2013-10-18 2015-08-19 浙江工业大学 A kind of without friction constant force output air-floating apparatus
CN103527532B (en) * 2013-10-18 2015-10-28 浙江工业大学 A kind of long distance exports air-floating apparatus without friction constant force
CN103527560B (en) * 2013-10-18 2015-12-02 浙江工业大学 A kind of constant force with compensation cylinder exports air-floating apparatus
CN104454775A (en) * 2014-11-04 2015-03-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Two-end pretightened type low-frictional characteristic air cylinder with cylinder barrel bending vibration caused by piezoelectric stacks
CN104454775B (en) * 2014-11-04 2016-06-08 哈尔滨工业大学 Two ends prefastening piezoelectric pile causes the low frictional behavior cylinder of cylinder barrel bending vibration
CN104595277A (en) * 2014-12-29 2015-05-06 广东工业大学 Friction-free quick-response balancing device
CN104595277B (en) * 2014-12-29 2017-01-04 广东工业大学 A kind of without the quick response balance device that rubs
CN106246634A (en) * 2016-08-12 2016-12-21 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of air-float zero-friction air cylinder of dual-piston structure
CN107131172A (en) * 2017-06-04 2017-09-05 珠海市运泰利自动化设备有限公司 The new type power structure of equilibrium principle is interlocked based on air
CN107131172B (en) * 2017-06-04 2019-02-12 珠海市运泰利自动化设备有限公司 New type power structure based on air interlocking equilibrium principle
CN107830008A (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-03-23 江苏大学 A kind of general double acting air supporting friction-free air cylinder
CN107830008B (en) * 2017-11-29 2023-09-26 江苏大学 Universal double-acting air-floatation friction-free cylinder
CN108953471A (en) * 2018-07-10 2018-12-07 哈尔滨工业大学 It is a kind of without friction gravity unloading mechanism
CN110701189A (en) * 2019-09-23 2020-01-17 浙江大学 Gas lubrication method adopting axial non-uniform arrangement and application
CN110701189B (en) * 2019-09-23 2024-04-26 浙江大学 Gas lubrication method adopting axial non-uniform arrangement and application
CN113700696A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-11-26 江苏大学 Friction adjustable cylinder with independent air supply at rear end
CN114109960A (en) * 2021-11-09 2022-03-01 刘铁军 Anti-leakage hollow plunger hydraulic oil cylinder
CN114109960B (en) * 2021-11-09 2024-05-31 湖北威森博格液压设备有限公司 Leak-proof hollow plunger hydraulic cylinder

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Application publication date: 20110817