CN102151867A - Rotary ultrasonic head based on machine tool attachment - Google Patents
Rotary ultrasonic head based on machine tool attachment Download PDFInfo
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- CN102151867A CN102151867A CN 201110060716 CN201110060716A CN102151867A CN 102151867 A CN102151867 A CN 102151867A CN 201110060716 CN201110060716 CN 201110060716 CN 201110060716 A CN201110060716 A CN 201110060716A CN 102151867 A CN102151867 A CN 102151867A
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
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- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 40
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 230000010358 mechanical oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001289 Manganese-zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JIYIUPFAJUGHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Mn++].[Mn++].[Mn++].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Zn++].[Zn++] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Mn++].[Mn++].[Mn++].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Zn++].[Zn++] JIYIUPFAJUGHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rotary ultrasonic head based on machine tool attachment. The rotary ultrasonic head comprises an ultrasonic vibration operating device, a non-contact collector ring, a main shaft, a knife handle and a supporting shell, wherein, the knife handle with a standard model is adopted; the ultrasonic vibration operating device is connected with one end of the main shaft; the knife handle is connected with the other end of the main shaft; rotation axes of the ultrasonic vibration operating device, the knife handle and the main shaft are positioned on the same straight line; and the non-contact collector ring is arranged between the main shaft and the supporting shell, and an ultrasonic vibration signal is transmitted to the ultrasonic vibration operating device in a non-contact manner through the non-contact collector ring. The rotary ultrasonic head has the following outstanding advantages: (1) complete machine tool attachment as well as generality and interchangeability of an ultrasonic machining device are realized; and (2) the induction efficiency of a brushless non-contact power supply system of the ultrasonic machining device is improved, the efficient energy transfer is realized, and the energy loss is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rotary ultrasonic ripple machining spindle device, particularly a kind of rotary ultrasonic ripple machining spindle device of seeking to realize machine tool accessoriesization, brushless non-contact power.
Background technology
Ultrasonic wave processing is usually used in the processing to hard brittle material, can effectively improve the surface quality of workpiece, reduces surface roughness and improves machining accuracy.Yet, present supersonic machining apparatus has many defectives, as: the patent No. is 200310105459.X (Granted publication number be CN100364673C), its Granted publication day is to disclose " a kind of efficient ultrasonic process equipment " in the Chinese invention patent on January 30th, 2008, and this lathe just can not carry out the processing of other kinds again except carrying out ultrasonic wave processing; For another example: number of patent application is 200910226156.0 (publication number is CN101704219A), " a kind of ultrasonic wave process equipment " disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application that its open day is on May 12nd, 2010, though this equipment can be realized ultrasonic wave processing and carry out non-ultrasonic wave processing such as turning, grinding on same lathe, but because its complex structure, interchangeability are poor, can not just can on the logical Digit Control Machine Tool of arbitrary Daepori, realize ultrasonic wave processing by simple method, therefore, the popularization and the use of ultrasonic wave processing have been influenced.
At present, most of supersonic machining apparatus adopts the power supply mode of brush, wherein slip ring contacts all the time with the power supply brush, so wearing and tearing or damage are serious, therefore, frequently can not guarantee the problem of stable and the processing operation that reliability is high, except existing replacing because of the power supply brush to become for wearing and tearing or the damage that alleviates slip ring, also restricted to its rotating speed, therefore can't respond the requirement of rotation at a high speed.Number of patent application is 200680024192.3 (publication number is CN101213042A), the Chinese patent application that open day is on July 2nd, 2008 discloses a kind of " ultrasonic machining spindle device ", wherein adopt the non-contact power mode, but since only adopt single two coil-induced, induction efficiency is low, can't satisfy powerful ultrasonic wave process requirements.In addition, be published in the document " based on the loosely coupled transformer three-dimensional artificial research of ANSYS " on " Global Electronics Components " periodicals of 2010 6 phases a kind of contactless energy transmission device is provided, jar contactless transformer of shape magnet ring promptly, main limit and secondary coil are wound in respectively up and down in two jar shape magnetic cores, the Controllable Eccentric that in the document, is used for rotary steering intelligent drilling system core parts, this contactless energy transmission means can also be used for supersonic machining apparatus, but its induction efficiency is still very low, can't realize high-power transmission.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head based on machine tool accessoriesization, the present invention can overcome many deficiencies of existing supersonic machining apparatus, the technical problem that can solve is: how (1) realizes the complete machine tool accessoriesization of supersonic machining apparatus, realizes versatility and interchangeability; (2) how to improve the induction efficiency of supersonic machining apparatus brushless contactless power supply system, realize the efficient transmission of energy, reduce energy loss.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of technical scheme that is achieved based on the rotary ultrasonic wave head of machine tool accessoriesization of the present invention is: comprise the ultrasonic vibration equipment, contactless collecting ring, main shaft, handle of a knife and support shell, described handle of a knife adopts the handle of a knife of standard type, described ultrasonic vibration equipment links to each other with an end of main shaft, described handle of a knife links to each other with the other end of main shaft, three's rotation is located on the same line, contactless collecting ring is arranged between described main shaft and the described support shell, by described contactless collecting ring the ultrasonic vibration signal is passed to the ultrasonic vibration equipment non-contactly.
A kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head of the present invention based on machine tool accessoriesization, wherein, described ultrasonic vibration equipment comprises PZT (piezoelectric transducer), luffing bar, tool clamp holder and instrument, one end of described main shaft has inner chamber, described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is arranged in the inner chamber of described main shaft, one end of described luffing bar links to each other with described PZT (piezoelectric transducer), the other end of described luffing bar is connected with described tool clamp holder, described tool clamp holder clamping tool, described luffing bar links to each other with described main shaft by flange at the vibration nodal point place; Described PZT (piezoelectric transducer), luffing bar, tool clamp holder and instrument all with main shaft on same rotation; Described handle of a knife and described main shaft upper edge axis are provided with central through hole A, the internal chamber wall of described main shaft is provided with some through hole B, have some through hole C on the described support shell, when adopting cooling, cold air is imported from machine tool chief axis, the inner chamber D that enters described main shaft along the central through hole A of described handle of a knife and described main shaft is the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) cooling, being entered between described main shaft and the described support shell by the through hole B on the internal chamber wall of main shaft subsequently is described contactless collecting ring cooling, is flowed out by the through hole C on the described support shell at last.
A kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head of the present invention based on machine tool accessoriesization, wherein, described contactless collecting ring comprises main limit and secondary, and described main limit is made of main sideline circle, and described secondary is made of secondary magnetic core and the secondary coil that is wound on the secondary magnetic core; Described main sideline circle fixedly is nested in the described support shell, and described secondary magnetic core is fixedly set on the main shaft periphery; Described main sideline circle links to each other with the ultrasonic signal generator that is arranged on rotary ultrasonic wave head outside, ultrasonic electrical signal transfer is given the main sideline circle of collecting ring, described main sideline is enclosed by electromagnetic induction the non-contacting secondary coil that passes to collecting ring of the ultrasonic signal of telecommunication, the secondary coil of collecting ring links to each other with the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) of ultrasonic vibration equipment, and the most ultrasonic electrical signal transfer is given described PZT (piezoelectric transducer).
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) because rotary ultrasonic wave head afterbody of the present invention has adopted handle of a knife to be connected with machine tool chief axis, realizes the complete machine tool accessoriesization of supersonic machining apparatus.
(2) because the handle of a knife of rotary ultrasonic wave head of the present invention adopts standard type, can adopt standard N T, JT, IT, BT, CAT or HSK handle of a knife, what make this annex rotary ultrasonic wave head has good versatility and interchangeability.
(3) because the cutting tool gripper of rotary ultrasonic wave head of the present invention adopts the collet chuck and the nut of standard, as standard ER collet chuck and nut, but make the cutter of the multiple model of rotary ultrasonic wave head clamping of the present invention, satisfy different process requirements.
(4) unique texture of collecting ring of the present invention makes the induction efficiency of contactless energy transmission obviously improve, and not only can be applied to the occasion of small-power processing, more can satisfy powerful processing needs.
(5) because the annexization of this rotary ultrasonic wave head and good interchangeability make the ultrasonic wave processing cost obviously reduce, use more convenient.
To sum up, rotary ultrasonic wave head of the present invention occurs with the form of machine tool accessories, compact conformation, volume is small and exquisite, owing to adopted the standard handle of a knife, only needs to be equipped with one again in the lathe outside and overlaps ultrasonic signal generator, just can on the logical Digit Control Machine Tool of arbitrary Daepori, the mode by tool changing realize ultrasonic wave processing quickly and easily, tool clamp holder on this rotary ultrasonic wave head adopts the collet chuck and the nut of standard, and cutter that can the clamping different-diameter has good interchangeability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is first kind of structural front view of the collecting ring among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of collecting ring shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is second kind of structural front view of the collecting ring among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of collecting ring shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 5 is the FEM model of first kind of collecting ring among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is second kind of collecting ring FEM model among the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a kind of FEM model that has only two no magnetic cores of absolute coil induction in the prior art;
Fig. 8 is a kind of up and down jar shape toroidal core in the prior art, and main and sub-coil is around in up and down the FEM model of responding in two magnetic jars respectively;
Fig. 9 is collecting ring master sideline circle and the external circuits modular concept figure among the present invention;
Figure 10 is collecting ring secondary coil and the external circuits modular concept figure among the present invention;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the embodiment one of a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head based on machine tool accessoriesization of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the embodiment two of a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head based on machine tool accessoriesization of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the structural representation of the embodiment three of a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head based on machine tool accessoriesization of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the structural representation of the embodiment four of a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head based on machine tool accessoriesization of the present invention.
Among the figure:
1---finite element master sideline collar region 2---finite element secondary coil zone
3---finite element magnetic core zone 4---finite element air section
5---finite element far-field region 6---instrument
7---collet chuck 8---nut
9---luffing bar 11---clutch shaft bearing
12---supporting shell 13---shift fork
14---second bearing 16---handle of a knife
17---main shaft 18---PZT (piezoelectric transducer)
19---secondary magnetic core 20---secondary coil
The main limit insulation retainer of 21---main sideline circles 22---
23---secondary insulation retainer 24---integral type handle of a knife main shaft
The radial direction through hole of A---central through hole B---on the main shaft internal chamber wall
C---the radial direction through hole D on the support shell---inner chamber of main shaft
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment the present invention is done to describe in further detail.
As shown in figure 11, the present invention is based on the rotary ultrasonic wave head of machine tool accessoriesization, comprise ultrasonic vibration equipment, contactless collecting ring, main shaft 17, handle of a knife 16 and support shell 12,
Described handle of a knife 16 adopts the handle of a knife of standard type, one end of main shaft 17 has inner chamber, the inner chamber D of this main shaft and described main shaft 17 coaxial lines, described ultrasonic vibration equipment links to each other with the end that main shaft has inner chamber, described handle of a knife 16 links to each other with the other end of main shaft 17, three's rotation is located on the same line, it is static with respect to bed piece to support shell 12, described main shaft 17 places the inside of supporting shell 12, described contactless collecting ring is arranged between described main shaft 17 and the described support shell 12, by described contactless collecting ring the ultrasonic vibration signal is passed to the ultrasonic vibration equipment non-contactly.
Described ultrasonic vibration equipment comprises PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 18, luffing bar 9, tool clamp holder and instrument 6, one end of described main shaft 17 has inner chamber, described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 18 is arranged in the inner chamber D of described main shaft, one end of described luffing bar 9 links to each other with described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 18, the other end of described luffing bar 9 is connected with described tool clamp holder, described tool clamp holder clamping tool 6, described luffing bar 9 link to each other with described main shaft 17 by flange at the vibration nodal point place; Described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 18, luffing bar 9, tool clamp holder and instrument all with main shaft 17 on same rotation.
Described tool clamp holder is made up of collet chuck 7 and nut 8, all adopt standard ER collet chuck and nut, but be not limited to this, also can adopt the collet chuck and the nut of other standard models, owing to adopted standard component, have good interchangeability, the instrument of can be installed multiple model and size satisfies different processing needs.
The handle of a knife of described standard type is any handle of a knife in NT, JT, IT, BT, CAT and the HSK standard.Have split type between described handle of a knife 16 and the main shaft 17 and two kinds of forms of integral type, as Figure 11 and shown in Figure 13, split type handle of a knife and main shaft are two independently parts, can mount and dismount easily between the two, as long as the interchangeability requirement is satisfied in the coupling part, be the handle of a knife of replaceable different model, split type handle of a knife 16 and main shaft 17 make rotary ultrasonic wave head of the present invention have interchangeability widely, and same rotary ultrasonic wave head can be installed in and realize ultrasonic wave processing on the more lathe; As Figure 12 and shown in Figure 14, the handle of a knife of integral type and main shaft are that an integral body can not be dismantled, such rotary ultrasonic wave head is the handle of a knife of corresponding a certain model only, can only be installed on the machine tool chief axis that matches with this handle of a knife model, the interchangeability of integral type is not as split type, to assemble link be assembling between main shaft 17 and the handle of a knife 16 but because split type handle of a knife Duo one than the integral type handle of a knife, this assembling link may be introduced rigging error, when other conditions were identical, main shaft and handle of a knife were that the rotary ultrasonic wave head of integral type generally has higher rotating accuracy.
The main effect of supporting shell 12 is when the rotary ultrasonic wave head is worked, be machine tool chief axis pass through handle of a knife 16 drive ultrasonic head main shafts 17 and on the ultrasonic vibration equipment and during secondary (also the being rotating ring) rotation of collecting ring, support main limit (also being stationary ring) that shell 12 keeps collecting rings relatively lathe bed maintain static.Two kinds of implementation methods are arranged, the one,, be provided with bearing between described main shaft 17 and the described support shell 12, as Figure 11 and shown in Figure 12, the kind and the number of bearing do not limit, bearing can be installed in the same side or the both sides of collecting ring, rotate and supporting role as long as can play, at the two ends of main shaft upper support shell 12 bearing (ball) cover and sealing are installed, because bearing has been installed, on main shaft 17 and support shell 12, some catch can be installed, nut, annexes such as sleeve or process structures such as the shaft shoulder, to play location and position-limiting action, these are in design and make known repeating no more, be provided with several shift forks at the outer surface that supports shell 12, the fixed block of trough of belt is installed on lathe bed, described shift fork one end is connected in and supports on the shell 12, another of described shift fork (freedom) end places the groove of fixed block, supports the circumferential rotation of shell 12 with restriction.The 2nd,, there are not bearing, bearing (ball) cover and shift fork, as Figure 13 and shown in Figure 14, have magnetic support at an end of the close handle of a knife 16 that supports shell 12, directly utilize magnetic support to be affixed on the lathe bed with fixed support shell 12.Support shell 12 and also can adopt other methods of attachment, as long as without prejudice to aim of the present invention with lathe bed.
The present invention adopts air cooled method, is furnished with air supply system in the lathe outside, described handle of a knife 16 and described main shaft 17 upper edge axis are provided with central through hole A, the internal chamber wall of described main shaft is provided with some radial direction through hole B, also be provided with some radial direction through hole C on the described support shell 12, during cooling, cold air is imported from machine tool chief axis, the inner chamber D that enters described main shaft along the central through hole A of described handle of a knife 16 and described main shaft is that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 18 cools off, enter between described main shaft 17 and the described support shell 12 by the radial direction through hole B on the internal chamber wall of main shaft more subsequently, be described contactless collecting ring cooling, last air flows out from the radial direction through hole C on the described support shell 12.In addition, above-mentioned radial direction through hole B and radial direction through hole C can also make things convenient for the wiring of collecting ring except the circulation that realizes air.
Contactless collecting ring is core of the present invention, it belongs to a kind of contactless energy transmission device, described contactless collecting ring comprises main limit and secondary, described main limit is made of main sideline circle 21, and described secondary is made of secondary magnetic core 19 and the secondary coil 20 that is wound on the secondary magnetic core 19; Described secondary is arranged on the heart portion on described main limit, and described main limit and described secondary are arranged on the same axis line; Diametrically, the internal diameter on described main limit is slightly larger than the external diameter of described secondary, make both radially have the gap, under the situation of secondary that does not influence collecting ring and main shaft gyration, should make the gap minimum as far as possible, main sideline circle 21 is wrapped on the outer peripheral face of main limits insulation retainer 22 of non-magnetic conductions insulation material of hollow cylindrical and by main limit insulation retainer 22 and is connected secondary (19 with the inner peripheral surface that supports shell 12,20) be sleeved on the outer peripheral face of secondary insulation retainer 23 of insulation material of hollow cylindrical and and be connected by the outer peripheral face of secondary insulation retainer 23 with main shaft 17; Described main shaft 17, contactless collecting ring and support shell 12 threes' axis is located on the same line; Described main sideline circle 21 links to each other with the ultrasonic signal generator that is arranged on rotary ultrasonic wave head outside, ultrasonic electrical signal transfer is given the main sideline circle 21 of collecting ring, described main sideline circle 21 by electromagnetic induction with the non-contacting secondary coil 20 that passes to collecting ring of the ultrasonic signal of telecommunication, the secondary coil 20 of collecting ring links to each other with the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 18 of ultrasonic vibration equipment, and the most ultrasonic electrical signal transfer is given described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 18;
Described secondary magnetic core 19 should be selected permeability magnetic material for use, as manganese-zinc ferrite etc., can adopt other permeability magnetic materials but be not limited thereto also.
Described secondary magnetic core 19 has two kinds of shapes that can adopt, and the secondary magnetic core 19 of first kind of shape is the open circles tubular that inner peripheral surface and outer peripheral face are all the face of cylinder, and secondary coil 20 is wound on the outer peripheral face of this secondary magnetic core 19, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.The secondary magnetic core 19 of second kind of shape is on the basis of above-mentioned first kind of shape, circumferentially has a cannelure in its external cylindrical surface upper edge, and secondary coil 20 is wound in the cannelure, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
The utilization finite element simulation contrasts the sensing capability of following four kinds of noncontact energy transmission device below, to prove absolutely the advantage place of the contactless collecting ring that adopts among the present invention.
(1) collecting ring of first kind of shape magnetic core of employing of the present invention (being the magnetic core of open circles tubular), as depicted in figs. 1 and 2;
(2) collecting ring of second kind of shape magnetic core of employing of the present invention (being the magnetic core of open circles tubular and outer peripheral face trough of belt), structure as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4;
(3) number of patent application is 200680024192.3 (publication number is CN101213042A), and open day is the Chinese patent application " ultrasonic machining spindle device " on July 2nd, 2008, has only two absolute coil inductions, does not have magnetic core;
(4) magnetic core that is published in the document " based on the loosely coupled transformer three-dimensional artificial research of ANSYS " on " Global Electronics Components " periodicals of 2010 the 6th phases is jar shape magnet ring up and down, and main and sub-coil is wound in respectively up and down in two magnetic jars.
Only carry out the 2D finite element simulation in order to simplify calculating, utilize finite element software ANSYS11.0, adopt the magnetic vector method for position, carry out two-dimensional magnetic field-coupling of circuits analysis, because above-mentioned four kinds of structures all are axisymmetric, the electromagnetic field that produces is identical on arbitrary vertical section (cross section as shown in Figure 1), and is axisymmetric for the electromagnetic field on the cross section, and 1/2 zone of therefore only calculating the cross section gets final product.
FEM model such as Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and shown in Figure 8, the size relationship between the identical size value of identical letter representative among the figure, four models only is to set in order to carry out the finite element comparative analysis, is not actual value.Suppose the zone (r＞6 * R1 that great circle is outer, r is a radius of circle) almost there has not been an electromagnetic field, can ignore, (R1＜r＜6 * R1) are regarded the far-field region as the zone between great circle and the roundlet 5, (0＜r＜6 * R1) are air to roundlet inner region 4, and Fig. 3 is the FEM model of (1) above-mentioned kind noncontact energy transmission device (also being first kind of contactless collecting ring among the present invention); Fig. 6 is the FEM model of above-mentioned (2) kind noncontact energy transmission device (also being second kind of contactless collecting ring among the present invention); Fig. 7 is the limit meta-model of above-mentioned (3) kind noncontact energy transmission device (also be to have only two absolute coils inductions in the prior art, do not have magnetic core); Fig. 8 is the FEM model of above-mentioned (4) kind noncontact energy transmission device (also be a kind of jar shape toroidal core up and down in the prior art, main and sub-coil is around in respectively up and down to be responded in two magnetic jars); Benly be: Fig. 6, Fig. 7 also have far field identical with Fig. 3 and air section with three kinds of models among Fig. 8, do not draw among the figure.Reference numeral 1 among Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is a finite element master sideline collar region, Reference numeral 2 is finite element secondary coil zones, Reference numeral 3 is finite element magnetic core zones, and Reference numeral 4 is that finite element air section, Reference numeral 5 are finite element far-field regions.Cell type sees Table 1, and material properties sees Table 2, and the coil real constant sees Table 3, pay special attention to be table 3 with table 4 in parameter only be to set in order to carry out the finite element simulation analysis, do not represent actual numerical value.
(1) cell type table 1
(2) material properties table 2
(3) coil real constant table 3
(4) circuit parameter
Circuit model such as Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10, V1 is a power supply among Fig. 9, it is supersonic generator, N1 is a main sideline circle, N1 and 1 coupling of finite element zone, in order to simplify calculating, do not consider the electricity coupling of PZT (piezoelectric transducer), can know according to the resonance and the Dynamic Theory of PZT (piezoelectric transducer), when PZT (piezoelectric transducer) does not have the electricity coupling, the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) that is in resonant condition externally presents a capacitive device, and the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) equivalence is a resistance and the connecting of electric capacity among Figure 10, and R1 is a resistance, C1 is an electric capacity, N2 is a secondary coil, N2 and 2 couplings of finite element zone, and circuit parameter is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
(5) Degree-of-freedom Coupling and boundary condition
The electric current free degree (CURR) and the voltage drop free degree (EMF) of all nodes on main sideline circle and the secondary coil are coupled respectively.
Boundary condition: far field external boundary node (all nodes on the circular arc line of r=6 * R1) applies infinity sign (magnetic sign), and all nodes apply magnetic line of force parallel boundary condition on the Y-axis, and each circuit is ground connection respectively.
(6) analysis type: frequency analysis (Harmonic), analysis frequency: 17270Hz.
(7) analysis result sees Table 5
Table 5
As can be seen from Table 5, adopt the collecting ring of second kind of shape magnetic core among the present invention, i.e. the magnetic core of hollow cylinder outer peripheral face trough of belt, sensing capability is the highest; Adopt the collecting ring of first kind of shape magnetic core among the present invention, i.e. hollow cylindrical magnetic core, induction efficiency is taken second place; When not having magnetic core when only adopting coil-induced separately or main and sub-coil when being wound in up and down in the magnetic jar shape magnetic core respectively, induction efficiency all is not so good as the designed collecting ring of the present invention.
The rotary ultrasonic wave head course of work of the present invention: handle of a knife 16 links to each other with machine tool chief axis, the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 18 and the luffing bar 9 that drives the ultrasonic vibration equipment by handle of a knife 16, main shaft 17 that rotatablely move of machine tool chief axis rotates together, luffing bar 9 drives tool clamp holder and instrument 6 rotates with speed, instrument 6 processing works, the collecting ring secondary that is installed in simultaneously on the main shaft 17 rotates with speed with main shaft 17; It is static with respect to bed piece to support shell 12, is installed in the collecting ring master limit of supporting on shell 12 inner peripheral surfaces simultaneously and is maintained fixed motionless; Collecting ring master sideline circle 21 links to each other with the ultrasonic signal generator that is arranged on this rotary ultrasonic wave head outside, ultrasonic electrical signal transfer is enclosed 21 to collecting ring master sideline, main sideline circle 21 passes to collecting ring secondary coil 20 by electromagnetic induction non-contactly with the ultrasonic signal of telecommunication, collecting ring secondary coil 20 links to each other with the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 18 of ultrasonic vibration equipment, give PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 18 with ultrasonic electrical signal transfer, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 18 is converted into the ultrasonic signal of telecommunication mechanical oscillation of same frequency, this mechanical oscillation signal passes to cutter 6 after amplifying by luffing bar 9, the same frequency that cutter 6 is produced than large amplitude vibrates, and final cutter 6 will be processed workpiece with the rotary ultrasonic mode of vibration.In the lathe outer setting air supply system is arranged, cold air being sent into by handle of a knife 16 and through hole A on the main shaft 17 by machine tool chief axis in the inner chamber D of main shaft gives PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 18 coolings, enter between main shaft 17 and the support shell 12 by the radial direction through hole B on the main shaft internal chamber wall again, be the collecting ring cooling, last air flows out from the radial direction through hole C that supports on the shell 12.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the collecting ring among the present invention is illustrated in further detail.
Be first kind of structure chart of the collecting ring that adopted among the present invention as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, collecting ring comprises main limit and secondary two parts, main limit is made of main sideline circle 21, secondary is made of secondary coil 20 and secondary magnetic core 19, secondary magnetic core 19 is all the open circles tubular on the face of cylinder for inner peripheral surface and outer peripheral face, secondary coil 20 is wound on the outer peripheral face of secondary magnetic core 19, secondary places the heart portion on main limit 21, both coaxial lines, the internal diameter of main sideline circle 21 is slightly larger than secondary (19,20) external diameter, make main limit and secondary radially separate certain interval, should make the gap minimum not influencing under the rotating situation of collecting ring secondary as far as possible.
Be second kind of structure chart of the collecting ring that adopted among the present invention as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, compare with above-mentioned first kind of structure, different in shape at secondary magnetic core 19 only, the secondary magnetic core that the collecting ring of second kind of structure adopts is the open circles tubular, inner circumferential surface is the face of cylinder, outer peripheral face is to have a cannelure that the edge is circumferential on the face of cylinder, under aim of the present invention, radially getting final product of groove with axial dimension is suitable, secondary coil 20 can be wound in this cannelure, at the collecting ring overall dimension, the winding wire model, number of turns, under the constant situation of magnetic core material, the magnetic core of second kind of shape has higher induction efficiency.
Need to prove that satisfying under the prerequisite of above-mentioned aim, each size of collecting ring should be decided according to the size of desired power and ultrasonic head, only represents structure, position and shape among the figure, does not represent actual size.
Embodiment one
Figure 11 shows the structure of the embodiment one of a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head based on machine tool accessoriesization of the present invention, critical piece comprises the ultrasonic vibration equipment, contactless collecting ring, main shaft 17, handle of a knife 16 supports shell 12, shift fork 13, clutch shaft bearing 11, second bearing 14, collecting ring master limit insulation retainer 22, collecting ring secondary insulation retainer 23.
Some annexes do not draw among the figure, and these annexes can change under the constant situation of aim of the present invention.
One end of main shaft 17 has inner chamber D, inner chamber D and main shaft 17 coaxial lines, ultrasonic vibration equipment (18,9,8,7,6) be installed in the end that main shaft 17 has inner chamber D, the other end of main shaft 17 is installed handle of a knife 16, ultrasonic vibration equipment (18,9,8,7,6), the rotation of main shaft 17 and handle of a knife 16 is located on the same line, handle of a knife 16 is installed on the machine tool chief axis (not drawing among the figure), rotation drive main shaft 17 along with machine tool chief axis, ultrasonic vibration equipment (18,9,8,7,6) rotate with speed, supporting shell 12 links to each other with bed piece by shift fork 13, circumferentially fixing to keep supporting shell 12, main shaft 17 places the inside of supporting shell 12, collecting ring (19,20,21) be arranged between main shaft 17 and the support shell 12, main shaft 17, collecting ring (19,20,21), the axis that supports shell 12 threes is located on the same line, collecting ring (19,20,21) main sideline circle 21 is wrapped on the outer peripheral face of main limits insulation retainer 22 of non-magnetic conductions insulation material of hollow cylindrical and by main limit insulation retainer 22 and is connected with the inner peripheral surface that supports shell 12, collecting ring (19,20,21) secondary magnetic core 19 is sleeved on the outer peripheral face of secondary insulation retainer 23 of insulation material of hollow cylindrical and by the outer peripheral face of secondary insulation retainer 23 with main shaft 17 and is connected, collecting ring master sideline circle 21 links to each other with the ultrasonic signal generator (not drawing among the figure) that is arranged on this rotary ultrasonic wave head outside, ultrasonic electrical signal transfer is enclosed 21 to collecting ring master sideline, main sideline circle 21 by electromagnetic induction with the non-contacting collecting ring secondary coil 20 that passes to of the ultrasonic signal of telecommunication, collecting ring secondary coil 20 links to each other with the transducer 18 of ultrasonic vibration equipment, and the most ultrasonic electrical signal transfer is given transducer 18.
The ultrasonic vibration equipment comprises transducer 18, luffing bar 9, tool clamp holder (7,8), instrument 6, transducer 18 is arranged among the main shaft inner chamber D, one end of luffing bar 9 is connected with the transducer 18 that places main shaft inner chamber D, the other end of luffing bar 9 places the main shaft outside and is connected with tool clamp holder (7,8), tool clamp holder (7,8) clamping tool 6, luffing bar 9 is linked to each other it by flange at its vibration nodal point place with main shaft 17, the rotation of transducer 18, luffing bar 9, tool clamp holder (7,8), instrument 6 and main shaft 17 is located on the same line.
Tool clamp holder is made up of collet chuck 7 and nut 8, all adopts standard ER collet chuck and nut, but is not limited to this, also can adopt the collet chuck and the nut of other standard models, owing to adopted standard component, has good interchangeability, the instrument of the different size that can be installed.
Handle of a knife 16 adopts standard type, can adopt standard N T, JT, IT, BT, CAT or HSK handle of a knife, handle of a knife 16 is connected by screw thread or additive method with main shaft 17, can mount and dismount easily, as long as the interchangeability requirement is satisfied in the coupling part, be the handle of a knife of replaceable different model, split type handle of a knife makes rotary ultrasonic wave head of the present invention have interchangeability widely, and same ultrasonic head can be installed in and realize ultrasonic wave processing on the more lathe.
The main effect of supporting shell 12 is when rotary ultrasonic wave head of the present invention is worked, be machine tool chief axis when passing through handle of a knife 16 and driving ultrasonic vibration equipment (18,9,8,7,6) on main shafts 17 and the main shaft and collecting ring secondary (19,20), support shell 12 maintenance collecting ring master limits 21 and maintain static with the speed rotation.For realizing this function, support between shell 12 and the main shaft 17, the both sides installation clutch shaft bearing 11 and second bearing 14 of collecting ring (19,20,21), two bearings are used for limiting the radial and axial displacement of supporting shell 12, be provided with some shift forks 13 at the outer surface that supports shell 12, the fixed block (not drawing among the figure) of trough of belt is installed on lathe bed, shift fork 13 1 ends are connected in and support on the shell 12, and the other end places the groove of fixed block, support the circumferential rotation of shell 12 with restriction.Under the constant prerequisite of aim of the present invention, the kind model and the number of bearing do not limit, bearing can be installed in the same side or the both sides of collecting ring, rotate and supporting role as long as can play, because bearing has been installed, at main shaft 17 with support annexes such as bearing (ball) cover, catch, nut, sleeve can be installed on the shell 12 or process structure (not drawing among the figure) such as the shaft shoulder, to play sealing, location and position-limiting action, these are in design and make known repeating no more.
The present invention adopts air cooled method, has central through hole A on handle of a knife 16, the main shaft 17 along axis, have some through hole B on the chamber wall of the inner chamber D of main shaft 17, support on the shell 12 and have some through hole C, the lathe outside has air supply system, cold air is that transducer 18 cools off from machine tool chief axis by the inner chamber D that the through hole A on handle of a knife 16 and the main shaft 17 enters main shaft, enter main shaft 17 by the through hole B on the main shaft inner chamber D wall again and support space between the shell 12, be collecting ring (19,20,21) cooling, last air flows out from the through hole C that supports on the shell 12.
On the internal chamber wall of main shaft and support radial direction through hole B on the shell 12 and radial direction through hole C except realizing circulation of air, it is that collecting ring wiring is for convenience used that some holes are arranged.
Embodiment two
Be the structure of the embodiment two of a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head based on machine tool accessoriesization of the present invention as shown in figure 12, it repeats no more once identical part with embodiment shown in Figure 11, only describes with regard to difference.
Change split type handle of a knife 16 among Figure 11 and main shaft 17 into shown in Figure 12 integral type handle of a knife main shaft 24 among this embodiment two, i.e. cancellation coupling part between the two under the constant prerequisite of handle of a knife and main shaft function separately, both are made as a whole, integral type handle of a knife main shaft 24 is because handle of a knife and main shaft are that an integral body can not be dismantled, the i.e. handle of a knife of the corresponding a certain model of rotary ultrasonic wave head, can only be installed on the machine tool chief axis that matches with this handle of a knife model, the interchangeability of integral type is not as split type, but split type handle of a knife than the integral type handle of a knife many assembling link be main shaft 17 with handle of a knife 16 between be connected, this assembling link may be introduced rigging error, when other conditions were identical, the rotary ultrasonic wave head of integral type handle of a knife main shaft generally had higher rotating accuracy.
Embodiment three
Be the structure of the embodiment three of a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head based on machine tool accessoriesization of the present invention as shown in figure 13, it repeats no more once identical part with embodiment shown in Figure 11, only describes with regard to difference.
Embodiment three shown in Figure 13 does not have clutch shaft bearing 11 and second bearing 14, the shift fork 13 of embodiment shown in Figure 11 and is that the annex that bearing is equipped with is installed, but an end that will support the close handle of a knife of shell 12 is directly fixedlyed connected with bed piece, under the constant prerequisite of aim of the present invention, method of attachment can be that the end at the close handle of a knife that supports shell 12 is provided with magnetic support (not drawing among the figure), or uses other method of attachment.When adopting embodiment three shown in Figure 13, it is less demanding with the axiality of main shaft 17 to support shell 12, only otherwise interfere collecting ring secondary (the 19 and 20) rotation on main shaft 17 and the main shaft to get final product, reduced matching requirements, two bearings (11,14) make the structure of rotary ultrasonic wave head simpler, quality is lighter owing to saved.
Embodiment four
Be the structure of the embodiment four of a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head based on machine tool accessoriesization of the present invention as shown in figure 14, its part identical with embodiment shown in Figure 13 three just repeats no more, and only describes with regard to difference.
Embodiment four shown in Figure 14 does not adopt Figure 11 and split type handle of a knife 16 and main shaft 17 shown in Figure 13, but has adopted integral type handle of a knife main shaft 24 shown in Figure 12, and integral type handle of a knife main shaft 24 is existing hereinbefore to be described in detail, no longer repeats at this.
In above-mentioned four kinds of embodiment, two kinds of structures shown in collecting ring (19,20,21) employing Fig. 1 Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 Fig. 4 can.
Although top invention has been described in conjunction with figure; but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiment; the above-mentioned specific embodiment only is schematic; rather than it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; under the situation that does not break away from aim of the present invention, can also make a lot of distortion, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the rotary ultrasonic wave head based on machine tool accessoriesization comprises ultrasonic vibration equipment, contactless collecting ring, main shaft (17), handle of a knife (16) and supports shell (12), it is characterized in that:
Described handle of a knife (16) adopts the handle of a knife of standard type, described ultrasonic vibration equipment links to each other with an end of main shaft (17), described handle of a knife (16) links to each other with the other end of main shaft (17), three's rotation is located on the same line, contactless collecting ring is arranged between described main shaft (17) and the described support shell (12), by described contactless collecting ring the ultrasonic vibration signal is passed to the ultrasonic vibration equipment non-contactly.
2. a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head according to claim 1 based on machine tool accessoriesization, it is characterized in that: described ultrasonic vibration equipment comprises PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (18), luffing bar (9), tool clamp holder and instrument (6), one end of described main shaft (17) has inner chamber, described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (18) is arranged on inner chamber (D) lining of described main shaft, one end of described luffing bar (9) links to each other with described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (18), the other end of described luffing bar (9) is connected with described tool clamp holder, described tool clamp holder clamping tool (6), described luffing bar (9) link to each other with described main shaft (17) by flange at the vibration nodal point place; Described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (18), luffing bar (9), tool clamp holder and instrument all with main shaft (17) on same rotation;
Described handle of a knife (16) and described main shaft (17) upper edge axis are provided with central through hole A, the internal chamber wall of described main shaft is provided with some through hole B, have some through hole C on the described support shell (12), when adopting cooling, cold air is imported from machine tool chief axis, the inner chamber D that enters described main shaft along the central through hole A of described handle of a knife (16) and described main shaft is PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (18) cooling, being entered between described main shaft (17) and the described support shell (12) by the through hole B on the internal chamber wall of main shaft subsequently is described contactless collecting ring cooling, is flowed out by the through hole C on the described support shell (12) at last.
3. a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head according to claim 1 based on machine tool accessoriesization, it is characterized in that: described contactless collecting ring comprises main limit and secondary, described main limit is enclosed (21) by main sideline and is constituted, and described secondary is by secondary magnetic core (19) and be wound in secondary coil (20) formation on the secondary magnetic core (19);
Described main sideline circle (21) fixedly is nested in the described support shell (12), and described secondary magnetic core (19) is fixedly set on main shaft (17) periphery;
Described main sideline circle (21) links to each other with the ultrasonic signal generator that is arranged on rotary ultrasonic wave head outside, ultrasonic electrical signal transfer is given the main sideline circle (21) of collecting ring, described main sideline circle (21) by electromagnetic induction with the non-contacting secondary coil (20) that passes to collecting ring of the ultrasonic signal of telecommunication, the secondary coil of collecting ring (20) links to each other with the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (18) of ultrasonic vibration equipment, and the most ultrasonic electrical signal transfer is given described PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (18).
4. a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head based on machine tool accessoriesization according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described secondary magnetic core (19) is selected permeability magnetic material for use.
5. a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head according to claim 3 based on machine tool accessoriesization, it is characterized in that: described secondary is arranged on the heart portion on described main limit, described main limit and described secondary are arranged on same the axis, diametrically, the internal diameter on described main limit is slightly larger than the external diameter of described secondary, makes both radially have the gap.
6. a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head according to claim 3 based on machine tool accessoriesization, it is characterized in that: described secondary magnetic core (19) is a hollow cylinder, described secondary coil (20) is wound on the outer peripheral face of described secondary magnetic core (19).
7. a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head according to claim 3 based on machine tool accessoriesization, it is characterized in that: described secondary magnetic core (19) is a hollow cylinder, the external cylindrical surface upper edge of described hollow cylinder is circumferentially with a cannelure, and described secondary coil (20) is wound in the described cannelure.
8. a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head based on machine tool accessoriesization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the handle of a knife of described standard type is any handle of a knife in NT, JT, IT, BT, CAT and the HSK standard.
9. a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head based on machine tool accessoriesization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the tool clamp holder of ultrasonic vibration equipment is made up of standard collet chuck (7) and nut (8).
10. a kind of rotary ultrasonic wave head according to claim 1 based on machine tool accessoriesization, it is characterized in that: described support overcoat (12) is static with respect to bed piece, can in following dual mode, select: the one,, be provided with bearing between described main shaft (17) and the described support shell (12), the outer surface of described support shell (12) is fixed with some shift forks, the free end of described shift fork is connected with the lathe bed of lathe by fixed block, supports rotating in a circumferential direction of shell (12) with restriction; The 2nd,, described support shell (12) directly is connected on the lathe bed of lathe.
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| CN108468541A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-08-31 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | A kind of drilling simulation device and method |
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