CN102150612A

CN102150612A - Method for breeding new variety of leaf achillea

Info

Publication number: CN102150612A
Application number: CN 201110095415
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江解增; 缪旻珉; 刘浩; 黄凯丰; 王雁
Original assignee: Yangzhou University
Current assignee: Yangzhou University
Priority date: 2011-04-17
Filing date: 2011-04-17
Publication date: 2011-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-17
Also published as: CN102150612B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of vegetable breeding, and in particular relates to a method for breeding a new variety of leaf achillea. The method comprises the following steps of: accelerating germination of hybrid offspring seeds through temperature change; soaking in colchicine solution; screening a polyploidy line from single plants; and performing trait screening and clonal propagation. The ratio of small leaves of the bred new variety in the product is higher, the area of a single leaf is large and round, leaf margin teeth are a few and blunt, the yield is higher, the quality is better, the small leaves can be eaten together with the achillea, and the leaf achillea has higher commercial value and greatly contributes to income increase of farmers and scientific diet of residents.

Description

A kind of leaf Chinese celery breeding of new variety method

Technical field

The invention belongs to the vegetable breeding field, be specifically related to a kind of leaf Chinese celery breeding of new variety method.

Background technology

Chinese celery is a diplont, 2n=2x=22; Seed is difficult to be gathered and is difficult to and germinate, and long-term vegetative propagation simultaneously causes its genotype to mix very much, and test finds behind the planting seed that proterties separates very obviously and complicated, all adopts scape sowing vegetative propagation mode in the domestic production at present; The clone pedigree selection that the good landrace of Chinese celery are mainly selected by individual plant, through for many years, continuously-directional selects to form, but the excessive cycle that this method is implemented, efficient is lower.Adopt the hybridization mode to obtain excellent offspring and can expand numerous back acquisition new varieties by clonal reproduction mode fixing good strains of seeds rapidly.

Leaf vegetables such as a variety of Chinese cabbage are by behind the mutagenic obtained polyploid, and output, quality all can obtain obviously to improve.

Chinese celery in greenhouse (booth) under the ground moistening condition normal growth and can many batches results obtained to break through (patent of invention number: ZL200610040591.0), since in the process of growth without water logging, the leaflet growth better, flavones in the leaflet again, total phenol equal size is higher, the band leaflet eats has the food therapy effect that keeps healthy preferably, but the leaflet of most of Chinese celery kind compound leaf is avette or length is avette, leaf edge sawtooth is many and sharp, commodity is relatively poor, therefore, further better (it is higher that leaflet accounts for product proportion for seed selection leaflet commodity, single leaf area is bigger, rounding, leaf edge sawtooth is less and more blunt), and output is higher, the leaf Chinese celery new varieties that the related leaflet of quality more excellent (the petiole crude fiber content is lower) is edible together will be made bigger contribution to increasing peasant income and resident's science diet.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of leaf Chinese celery breeding of new variety method, the Chinese celery new varieties that the seed selection commodity is higher.

The said leaf of the present invention Chinese celery breeding of new variety method, be to adopt the hybridization means to obtain progeny seed, handle through alternating temperature then and promote seed sprouting, the seedling of just having carried out with colchicine solution immersion cotyledon is induced the generation polyploid plant again, screening high yield and high quality individual plant under the moistening, planting condition, it is numerous again the high yield and high quality individual plant excision fruit ear that screens to be carried out the clone expansion, obtains leaf Chinese celery new varieties.

The resulting new varieties of the present invention are 4 times of bodies.

The said method of the present invention specifically comprises the steps:

1. inflorescence cover nylon net bag is hybridized female parent and male parent before blooming, and collects seed; To be that Jiangyin is wet plant Chinese celery to described female parent, and described male parent is blue or green celery in Changshu or Wuhan Chinese celery;

2. with seed vernalization under the alternating temperature condition of gathering;

3. seed germination is formed shoot that cotyledon carries out and put into the colchicine solution of 1.0-1.5mg/ml and soak 2-3hr, take out the back and clean, transplant plantation then, keep soil moisture 80-90% with clear water;

4. when first compound leaf grows up to, keep that growing way is strong, big, green dark, the rounding of leaflet and the less and blunt plant of leaf edge sawtooth;

5. when the 3rd compound leaf grows up to, the petiole of stubborn folding outside compound leaf keeps more tender and crisp, frangibility and the solid plant continued growth of petiole;

6. the tip of a root of gathering new root carries out chromosome number and detects, and keeps polyploid plant; Transplant and continue to survive the winter growth to the plastic tunnel, many batches of harvestings, promote sprouting of lateral bud;

7. select the late plant of the jointing cultivation of reserving seed for planting of cripetura stem, reject all the other plant; Do not take quarantine measures between homophyletic system, grow in case the scape lodging intersects mutually;

8. the scape that the cultivation of will reserving seed for planting forms carries out clonal reproduction, gets leaf Chinese celery new varieties.

2. step specifically can be seed vernalization under ℃ left and right sides room temperature (16hr) the alternating temperature condition of 10 ℃ of (8hr)-22 of will gather in the said method.

In the said method step 8. in, all flower fringes or fruit ear all to be extractd carrying out vegetative propagation when sowing, colony's proterties occurs to prevent the only a few seed from sprouting naturally and mix.

Two new varieties that select by said method are 4 times of bodies.Plant and population growth gesture thereof are obviously stronger, the many batches of gross yields of gathering exceed parental breed " wetting and plant Chinese celery in Jiangyin " more than 20%, in the mid or late March vigorous growth stage in spring, the parietal lobules of plant compound leaf (sliver is returned at the end) is 5cm, the wide 4cm(of reaching contrast parental breed and is generally 3cm and 2.5cm), the leaf edge sawtooth number is less and obviously more blunt, and leaflet weight accounts for product proportion and surpasses 20%; The petiole crude fiber content significantly is lower than parental breed " wetting and plant Chinese celery in Jiangyin ".

Wherein " D-07 " screens in the individual plant that 2hr obtained and gets by soaking with the 0.1mg/ml colchicine solution after " Jiangyin wet plant the blue or green celery in Chinese celery * Changshu " filial generation presprouting of seeds, is high yield, new quality variety; " DH-07 " screens in the individual plant that 2hr obtained and gets by soaking with the 0.1mg/ml colchicine solution after " Jiangyin wet plant Chinese celery * Wuhan Chinese celery " filial generation presprouting of seeds, compare on the basis of high yield and high quality with " D-07 ", has certain high-temperature stability, be that scape can be under early autumn higher temperatures condition does sth. in advance to sprout sprouting in 7-10 days, have certain precocious advantage than other wet Chinese celery kinds of planting, the green of its leaflet is shallow slightly, be green white slightly, but low temperature tolerance ability is relatively low.

The new varieties that seed selection of the present invention obtains are grown under the ground moistening condition, the petiole major part of first batch of growth in autumn is solid, and the petiole of first batch of growth in 2 times of body plant of parent autumn substantially all is hollow, and the new varieties leaflet circle, leaf edge sawtooth is less and more blunt, commodity is better.The new varieties proterties is stable simultaneously, and gross yield surpasses parental breed more than 20%.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that D-07 is chromosome detection figure.

Fig. 2 is that DH-07 is chromosome detection figure.

Fig. 3 is a different cultivars leaflet character pair ratio.

Embodiment

Be known kind as 3 kinds maternal, male parent among the present invention, Jiangyin is wet, and to plant Chinese celery be landrace, see " aquatic vegetable cultivating superior high-yield practical technique " (the Jiangsu People's Press, in August, 2006 front page, the 56th page); The blue or green celery in Changshu also claims " little blue or green kind the in Changshu ", be local Chinese celery kind, be found in " Suzhou aquatic vegetable practical complete works of " (Jiangsu science and technology publishing house, in December, 2005 front page, the 104th leaf), the Wuhan Chinese celery is the Chinese celery variety source that national germplasm (Wuhan) aquatic vegetable resource garden provides.(wetting and plant the blue or green celery of Chinese celery and Changshu in Jiangyin is the Chinese celery landrace in Jiangyin and Changshu, can buy in the locality).

Embodiment 1

1. 2007, " wetting and plant Chinese celery in Jiangyin " is female parent to grow preferably under the ground moistening condition in the greenhouse, be male parent with petiole crude fiber content lower " the blue or green celery in Changshu " and " the Wuhan Chinese celery " of more high temperature resistant (the petiole crude fiber content is lower under the summer high temperature condition) respectively, carry out a plurality of inflorescence hybridization in May, close and spend back cover nylon net bag, and be affixed by the fertile seed maturity that promotes of K in the field; 2. 8-9 month is with seed vernalization under ℃ left and right sides room temperature (16hr) the alternating temperature condition of 10 ℃ of (8hr)-22 of gathering; 3. seed germination being formed shoot that cotyledon carries out puts into the colchicine solution of 1.0-1.5mg/ml and soaks 2-3hr respectively, taking out the back cleans with clear water, be transplanted to then in the fully moistening polypots of soil, single basin single-strain planting, serial number is D-0701 ~ D-0728 and DH-0701 ~ DH-0733 totally 61 strains respectively, keeps soil moisture 80-90% in the process of growth; 4. when first compound leaf grows up to, keep that growing way is strong, big, green dark, the rounding of leaflet and the less and blunt plant of leaf edge sawtooth, select respectively 6 strains and 5 strains; Reject that all the other growing ways are relatively poor, the leaflet top point, leaf edge sawtooth is more and the plant of point; 5. when the 3rd compound leaf grew up to, the petiole of stubborn folding outside compound leaf kept plant 4 strains and 2 strain continued growths more tender and crisp, frangibility; 6. the tip of a root of gathering new root carries out chromosome number and detects (seeing Fig. 1, Fig. 2), is polyploid plant; Transplant with 50 * 50cm seeding row spacing and to continue to survive the winter growth in the plastic tunnel, many batches of harvestings, promotion sprouting of lateral bud; 7. select mid-April in the beginning of spring cripetura stem late jointing, in conjunction with each strain of early growth and yield and quality proterties overall merit optimum as target strain system, carry out single stem tiller reserve seed for planting cultivation, expanding propagation respectively, reject all the other plant; Do not take quarantine measures between homophyletic system, grow in case the scape lodging intersects mutually; 8. the scape that the cultivation of will reserving seed for planting September in autumn forms carries out clonal reproduction, at seeding time all flower fringes or fruit ear is all extractd, and upsets colony's proterties to prevent a small amount of seeds germinated; 9. take booth covering, moistening, planting mode, adopt 3 repetitions, randomised block design design, carry out varietal yield test with the parent's " wetting and plant Chinese celery in Jiangyin " and the new lines of other approach seed selections, relatively output, quality (size of leaflet, leaf edge sawtooth characteristic, account for proterties such as product proportion, the petiole crude fiber content), determine obviously to be better than two new varieties (tentatively titled " D-07 " and " DH-07 ") of parental breed " wetting and plant Chinese celery in Jiangyin ", suitable demonstration popularization.Relatively as Fig. 3 and table 1:

Figure 2011100954158100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001

Fig. 3 shows that parental breed leaflet sawtooth is more and little, growing way a little less than.

Claims

1. a leaf is with the selection of Chinese celery new varieties, it is characterized in that adopting the hybridization means to obtain progeny seed, handle through alternating temperature then and promote seed sprouting, the seedling of just having carried out with colchicine solution immersion cotyledon is induced the generation polyploid plant again, screening high yield and high quality individual plant under the moistening, planting condition, it is numerous again the high yield and high quality individual plant excision fruit ear that screens to be carried out the clone expansion, obtains leaf Chinese celery new varieties.

2. a kind of leaf according to claim 1 is characterized in that with Chinese celery breeding of new variety method described new varieties are 4 times of bodies.

3. a kind of leaf according to claim 1 Chinese celery breeding of new variety method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

4. leaf according to claim 3 is characterized in that 2. step is with Chinese celery breeding of new variety method: handle vernalization under the alternating temperature condition of 16hr down with seed every day of gathering handling 8hr and 22 ℃ down at 10 ℃.

5. leaf according to claim 4 is characterized in that with Chinese celery breeding of new variety method, step 8. in, when carrying out the vegetative propagation sowing, all flower fringes or fruit ear are all extractd.