CN102149492A - Method for the continuous casting of a metal strand - Google Patents

Method for the continuous casting of a metal strand Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102149492A
CN102149492A CN2009801186236A CN200980118623A CN102149492A CN 102149492 A CN102149492 A CN 102149492A CN 2009801186236 A CN2009801186236 A CN 2009801186236A CN 200980118623 A CN200980118623 A CN 200980118623A CN 102149492 A CN102149492 A CN 102149492A
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continuous casting
casting billet
strand
metal
situation
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CN102149492B (en
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K·迪滕伯格
U·费施尔
K·豪瑟
W·基布勒
P·彭纳斯托尔弗
H·瓦尔
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Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
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Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Austria
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/1206Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/20Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the continuous casting of a metal strand in a continuous casting plant, a strand being withdrawn from an in-line die, supported in a strand support unit, cooled by a coolant and optionally metallurgically reduced, thermodynamic changes in the entire strand being calculated in a mathematical model containing a thermal conduction equation. The aim of the invention is to provide a method which can be used to improve the product quality of a metal strand, for example by reducing the porosity and/or liquation and by improving the surface quality and form stability. Said aim is achieved by a method, according to which the natural shrinkage of the strand is calculated in real time in the mathematical simulation model, taking into consideration the physical parameters of the metal, the temperature in the casting distributor, the frequently measured withdrawal speed, the cooling of the strand and the thickness of the strand and strand guide rollers of the strand support unit, said rollers being placed against the strand, are set by taking into consideration the natural shrinkage of the metal strand.

Description

The method of continuous casting of metal continuous casting billet
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method, be used for continuous casting of metal continuous casting billet in continuous casting installation for casting.
Particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of method, be used for continuous casting of metal continuous casting billet in continuous casting installation for casting (especially steel continuous casting billet), the continuous casting billet that wherein has the fluidised form core that is surrounded by the continuous casting billet shell is pulled out from the straight-through crystallizer of cooling, and be supported on the continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement that is connected in the straight-through crystallizer back, and cool off by cooling agent, also carry out the attenuate on the metallurgy in case of necessity, wherein the common thermodynamic (al) state variation of calculating whole continuous casting billet in comprising the mathematical simulation model of heat conduction equation.
Background technology
The method of known a kind of continuous casting of metal continuous casting billet from DE 4417808 A1, the continuous casting billet that has the fluidised form core that is surrounded by the continuous casting billet shell in the method is pulled out from the crystallizer of cooling, and then be supported on the continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement, and cool off by cooling agent.The state variation that takes place in the process of continuous casting process is that whole continuous casting billet calculates in real time jointly by the mathematical simulation model that comprises heat conduction equation, and adjusts the cooling of continuous casting billet according to the thermodynamic (al) state variation of calculating.
The method of known a kind of continuous casting from DE 10122118 A1, metal strand is pulled out from crystallizer in the method, and be supported on the continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement, and cool off by cooling agent, and carry out attenuate on the metallurgy by at least one pair of continuous casting billet guide rollers, be that to reduce with the liquid core be the reduced thickness of form particularly.
The professional is also known, and metal strand can experience shrink in process of setting when continuous casting, and promptly the size of continuous casting billet can change.The degree that the continuous casting billet that occurs shrinks is relevant with the operational factor of continuous casting installation for casting, for example the physical parameter of metal to be cast, cast temperature, casting rate, thickness of strand or continuous casting billet cooling.
The spacing that the operational factor of the continuous casting installation for casting that occurs in continuous casting process changes the continuous casting billet guide rollers of (for example variation of casting rate or continuous casting billet cooling) relative continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement still is left in the basket, and causes reducing the quality of metal strand.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, create a kind of method of aforementioned type, for example pass through to reduce porous and/or segregation by the method, and, can further improve the product quality of metal strand by improving surface quality and/or shape retention.
This purpose is achieved by the method for aforementioned type, wherein under the situation of the speed of pulling out, continuous casting billet cooling and the thickness of strand of the temperature in the physical parameter of considering metal, metal are being cast distributor, continuous measurement, in the mathematical simulation model, calculate shrinking naturally of continuous casting billet in real time jointly, and considering under the situation of shrinking naturally of metal strand, adjustment continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement reliably be incorporated into continuous casting billet guide rollers on the continuous casting billet.
When the contraction naturally of calculating continuous casting billet, under the situation of the speed of pulling out, continuous casting billet cooling and the thickness of strand of considering temperature in the casting distributor of the physical parameter of metal, metal, continuous measurement, numerical solution heat conduction equation in real time in the mathematical simulation model.For this reason, continuous casting billet is discrete, for example split into many volume elements, and under the situation of considering initial conditions and boundary condition, be that heat conduction equation is found the solution on many discrete period of element ground, so whole continuous casting billet has produced time dependent humidity province by process computer.The thermal expansivity relevant with variations in temperature of continuous casting billet is called nature and shrinks.After the thermodynamic (al) state variation of known each discrete element from the finding the solution of heat conduction equation, shrinking naturally of each element for example can be calculated from volumetric expansion or compresometer.If metal strand should further not carry out the attenuate on the metallurgy, the spacing that then reliably is combined in the continuous casting billet guide rollers on the continuous casting billet is regulated on the thickness of strand direction like this, and promptly this spacing is followed metal strand shrinking naturally on the continuous casting billet pull-out direction.
Two other advantageous embodiments by method of the present invention is, considering under the situation of shrinking naturally of metal strand, metal strand carries out the attenuate on the further metallurgy in the continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement, for example the liquid core reduces, gently reduces (especially dynamically gently reducing) or surface treatment.The liquid core reduces and gently reduces the professional is known, therefore no longer sets forth the attenuate on this metallurgy.From EP 1289691 B1, draw equally, in the continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement, metal strand is carried out surface treatment on the metallurgy.Can guarantee by the natural contraction of considering metal strand, can carry out the attenuate on the further metallurgy in an advantageous manner at (rather than as prior art on an operating point) on all operating points of continuous casting process.
If considering the variable density relevant with temperature of metal strand, numerical solution heat conduction equation in the mathematical simulation model then can be implemented by method of the present invention with especially also accurate so favourable mode and method.The professional is known, and the variable density of metal is relevant with temperature to a great extent.Therefore for example in continuous casting process, (temperature of molten steel in the casting distributor) about 7000kg/m in the time of 1550 ℃ 3Steel density rises to (continuous casting billet that solidifies) about 7800kg/m in the time of 300 ℃ 3
Another advantageous embodiments by method of the present invention is, when considering the variable density relevant of metal strand with temperature, use the approximate equation of enthalpy when the numerical solution heat conduction equation, this equation has accurate quality and accurate enthalpy for whole continuous casting billet.Can guarantee by this embodiment, can be correctly not only calculate shrinking naturally of metal strand, therefore can guarantee to find the solution and have especially high accuracy, i.e. the state variation of thermodynamics and contraction naturally about quality but also about enthalpy.
If the mathematical simulation model comprises the computation model of having described the formation of desirable tissue in the metal strand, especially in an advantageous manner by using the continuous phase transition model of pressing Avrami (Avrami), development and transformation between the different tissues form then in by method of the present invention, have advantageously been considered.
By in another especially favourable structural scheme of method of the present invention, under the situation of the thermodynamic (al) state variation of considering to calculate, regulate the continuous casting billet cooling.By this measure, can guarantee that metal strand has very high product quality, because metal strand cools off, and consider together also that when adjusting the spacing of continuous casting billet guide rollers the continuous casting billet of nature shrinks under the situation of considering thermodynamic (al) state variation.
When casting has the metal strand of square billet, bloom, slab or sheet billet cross section of arbitrary dimension, can use without restriction, so that improve the quality of the metal strand of casting out by method of the present invention.
Another favourable structural scheme by method of the present invention is, can adjust the continuous casting billet guide rollers that reliably is combined on the continuous casting billet like this, and promptly the thickness of continuous casting billet is equivalent to rated value as far as possible.This structural scheme by the method, but can adjust the continuous casting billet guide rollers of closing like this, be this thickness the continuous casting billet pull-out direction really on the allocation (for example on the guide rollers of determining at the continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement) be equivalent to thickness rated value (being the target thickness of continuous casting billet) as far as possible, so continuous casting billet just can reach very high thickness accuracy when continuous casting.
An embodiment is, by control strategy, and considering that controller is determined controlled quentity controlled variable under the situation of shrinking naturally of rated value and continuous casting billet, but this controlled quentity controlled variable is transported to the continuous casting billet guide rollers of at least one closing, so the thickness of continuous casting billet is equivalent to rated value as far as possible.In this embodiment, this controller or be starting point with the thickness of strand that calculates, or be starting point with the thickness of strand of measuring.Under first kind of situation, the thickness that calculates is used for determining controlled quentity controlled variable, so the spacing between thickness of strand or the continuous casting billet guide rollers needn't detect individually.
Under second kind of situation, thickness of strand detects by measurement mechanism, and is transferred in the controller, wherein determines controlled quentity controlled variable under the situation of the thickness of strand of considering to detect.By this control method, thickness of strand can reach very high precision.
Description of drawings
Never draw other advantage of the present invention and feature in the following description of the embodiment of Xian Dinging, wherein with reference to the following drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 there is shown continuous casting installation for casting in schematic side-looking;
But Fig. 2 shows the section of the hydraulic pressure closing of continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement in the diagram.
The specific embodiment
Steel continuous casting billet 1 by molten steel 2 with particular chemical composition by forming in the straight-through crystallizer 3 that is cast in cooling.This molten steel 2 injects straight-through crystallizer 3 from steel ladle 4 by intermediate receptacle 5 and cast tubes 6, and this cast tubes 6 is from middle container 5 extends to the casting liquid level that forms straight-through crystallizer 3 under.Be provided with the continuous casting billet guide rollers 7 of continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement below straight-through crystallizer 3, be used for supporting steel continuous casting billet 1, this steel continuous casting billet 1 has the also core 8 of fluidised form, also has extremely thin continuous casting billet shell 9 during beginning.Buckled zone 10, change in the arc orbit 11 with the steel continuous casting billet 1 that straight axis comes out from straight-through crystallizer, and supported, but this continuous casting billet guide rollers 7 is arranged on the section 13 of a plurality of hydraulic pressure closings by continuous casting billet guide rollers 7.In the aligning district 12 that is connected on arc orbit 11 back, steel continuous casting billet 1 is line oriented and come by discharging roller-way output once more, or directly carries out online reduced thickness, for example by the rolling-mill housing of online setting.In order to cool off steel continuous casting billet 1, it cools off by being provided with inner colded continuous casting billet guide rollers 7 directly or indirectly, therefore can be adjusted to certain temperature to steel continuous casting billet 1.Metal structure for steel continuous casting billet 1 expectation being provided for steel continuous casting billet 1 by close loop control circuit by process computer 14 is necessary amount of coolant.Under the situation that the thermodynamic state of considering in line computation changes, by applicant's the known this continuous casting billet cooling of DE 4417818 A1.In the input block of process computer 14, for example also can import the thing amount parameter of steel 2, for example density, specific heat capacity and heat conductivity, and thickness of strand, the measured value of thickness of strand in section 13 and the casting rate of continuous measurement in the parameter of other continuous casting billets coolings, roller spacing, continuous casting billet width, crystallizer.By the simulation model of mathematics, it comprises computation model on heat conduction equation and the metallurgy and is used for considering phase transformation power by Avrami calculating the specified water yield of continuous casting billet cooling in process computer 14.Steel continuous casting billet 1 is controllably cooling in each section, wherein cooling water inflow in the single cooling zone of section respectively the valve by continuous casting billet cooling (in Fig. 1, in section, only show a valve for vision is clear) regulate the output unit control of the processed once more computer 14 of this valve.From the finding the solution of heat conduction equation, also by formula
dV=β·V 0·dT
Can calculate the volume contraction of the steel continuous casting billet 1 that causes owing to thermodynamic (al) state variation, wherein
The β coefficient of cubical expansion
The volume of V element
V 0Volume under reference temperature
The T temperature
If steel continuous casting billet 1 should not stand the attenuate on the further metallurgy, for example the liquid core reduces, gently reduces or the surface treatment of continuous casting billet, then the spacing that reliably is combined in the continuous casting billet guide rollers 7 on the continuous casting billet of section 13 is adjusted to the thickness of strand of calculating by one or more hydraulic cylinders 15, is promptly considering under the situation that nature shrinks.If but steel continuous casting billet should carry out the attenuate on the further metallurgy, then considering to be superimposed on the thickness of strand of calculating to the varied in thickness of attenuate necessity under the situation that nature shrinks.
Preferably, under the situation of the variable density relevant of considering steel continuous casting billet, calculate the thermodynamic (al) state variation of steel continuous casting billet 1 by heat conduction equation with temperature.The heat conduction equation of two dimension for example is
( ∂ E trans ( x → , t ) ∂ t + v cast ( t ) ∂ E trans ( x → , t ) ∂ z ) = ∂ 2 u ( x → , t ) ∂ x 2 + ∂ 2 u ( x → , t ) ∂ y 2
Wherein
The t time (second)
Coordinate on the x thickness of strand direction
Coordinate on the y continuous casting billet pull-out direction
The partial derivative of time t
Figure BPA00001258072700062
The partial derivative of position x, y
Position vector in rectangular coordinate system
Figure BPA00001258072700064
In the enthalpy relevant during at time t on the x of position with quality
The nondimensional dummy variable of ξ
u ( x → , t ) = ∫ T ref T ( x → , t ) λ ( ξ ) · dξ
Figure BPA00001258072700066
In the temperature during at time t on the x of position
Figure BPA00001258072700067
In the enthalpy relevant of conversion during at time t on the x of position with quality
Dimension by method of the present invention and heat conduction equation is irrelevant, therefore also can be without restriction with equation (for example three-dimensional equation) use of other dimension.
Advantageously, used two expression formulas to be used for the enthalpy of the conversion that the overall situation is correct aspect quality and the enthalpy
Figure BPA00001258072700068
On freezing point, expression formula is
E trans ( x → , t ) = ∫ T ref T ( x · , t ) [ ρ ( ξ ) · E · mass ( ξ ) - ρ · ( ξ ) ( E mass ( T iund ) - E mass ( ξ ) ) ] dξ .
On the contrary, under freezing point, use following expression
E trans ( x → , t ) = ∫ T ref T ( x · , t ) ρ ( ξ ) · E · mass ( ξ ) · dξ
T RefRepresentative arbitrarily but constant reference temperature (normally 25 ℃)
T IundThe temperature [° K] of the metal of representative in the casting liquid level
Figure BPA000012580727000611
Represent the time-derivative of the enthalpy relevant with quality
Simply be that heat conduction equation transforms to Largrangian coordinates
Figure BPA000012580727000612
On, that is to say, observe by pull out the mobile observer of motion with continuous casting billet.Heat conduction equation on Largrangian coordinates can be found the solution by the standard method (for example finite volume method) of numerical mathematics.
Fig. 2 at length shows adjustable section 13 of continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement.Concerning each section 13, can regulate parallel (as shown in the figure) or the tapered profiles of the thickness of strand of steel continuous casting billet 1.At this, by hydraulic pressure closing section 13, can regulate the thickness of strand of steel continuous casting billet 1, wherein in the displacement measurement system of hydraulic cylinder 15, measure physical location, therefore and also measure spacing between the continuous casting billet guide rollers 7 of putting relatively, and be delivered in the process computer.This handles computer 14 calculates nature by finding the solution of heat conduction equation continuous casting billet contraction, and when the attenuate (being LCR attenuate) that carries out on next step metallurgy, consider that this continuous casting billet shrinks under concrete situation, and the therefore nominal thickness of steel continuous casting billet 1 given in advance with fluidised form core 8.From unshowned positioner, by the specified-actual specific of thickness of strand, can calculate controlled quentity controlled variable and be delivered on the electro-hydraulic valve, this electro-hydraulic valve is subordinated to hydraulic cylinder 15.In principle, section 13 shrinks in order to adjust the continuous casting billet that continuous casting billet guide rollers 7 is applied to nature more on the one hand, can realize attenuate on all metallurgy naturally in the continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement by the relevant position of roller 7 on the other hand.Continuous casting billet 1 is crossed on the lower part that continuous casting billet guide rollers 7 is supported on section framework 17 at lateral surface, is supported on the upper part of section framework 16 by continuous casting billet guide rollers 7 at the medial surface of continuous casting billet.The pull-out direction of steel continuous casting billet 1 is represented by arrow.
List of numerals
1 steel continuous casting billet
2 molten steel
3 through type crystallizers
4 steel ladle
5 intermediate receptacles
6 cast tubes
7 continuous casting billet guide rollers
The core of 8 fluidised forms
9 continuous casting billet shells
10 buckled zones
11 arc orbits
12 aligning districts
The section of 13 continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangements
14 process computers
15 hydraulic cylinders
The upper part of 16 section frameworks
The lower part of 17 section frameworks

Claims (11)

1. one kind is used for continuous casting of metal continuous casting billet in continuous casting installation for casting, especially the method for steel continuous casting billet, the continuous casting billet that wherein has the fluidised form core that is surrounded by the continuous casting billet shell is pulled out from the straight-through crystallizer of cooling, and be supported in the continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement that is connected in the straight-through crystallizer back, and cool off by cooling agent, also carry out the attenuate on the metallurgy in case of necessity, wherein in comprising the mathematical simulation model of heat conduction equation, calculate the thermodynamic (al) state variation of whole continuous casting billet jointly, it is characterized in that, in the physical parameter of considering metal, the temperature of metal in the casting distributor, the speed of pulling out of continuous measurement, under the situation of continuous casting billet cooling and thickness of strand, in the mathematical simulation model, calculate shrinking naturally of continuous casting billet in real time jointly, and under the situation of contraction naturally of considering metal strand, that adjusts the continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement reliably is incorporated into continuous casting billet guide rollers on the continuous casting billet.
2. by the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, considering that metal strand carries out the attenuate on the metallurgy under the situation of shrinking naturally of metal strand in the continuous casting billet bracing or strutting arrangement.
3. by the described method of claim 2, it is characterized in that, as the attenuate on the metallurgy, or carry out the liquid core and reduce, gently reduce, or carry out the surface treatment of metal strand.
4. by each described method in the aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized in that, under the situation of the variable density relevant of considering metal strand with temperature, numerical solution heat conduction equation in the mathematical simulation model.
5. by the described method of claim 4, it is characterized in that, when the numerical solution heat conduction equation, under the situation of the variable density relevant of considering metal strand with temperature, use the approximate equation of enthalpy, this equation has accurate quality and accurate enthalpy for whole continuous casting billet.
6. by each described method in the aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized in that the mathematical simulation model comprises computation model, this computation model has been described the formation of desirable tissue in the metal strand.
7. by each described method in the aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized in that, in the mathematical simulation model, be integrated with the phase transition model of metal, the especially continuous phase transition model of pressing Avrami.
8. by each described method in the aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized in that, under the situation of the thermodynamic (al) state variation of considering to calculate, regulate the continuous casting billet cooling.
9. by each described method in the aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized in that, the continuous casting billet guide rollers that reliably is incorporated on the continuous casting billet so is set, make the thickness of continuous casting billet be equivalent to rated value as far as possible.
10. by the described method of claim 9, it is characterized in that, by control strategy, and considering under the situation of shrinking naturally of rated value and continuous casting billet, controller is determined controlled quentity controlled variable, but this controlled quentity controlled variable is transported to the continuous casting billet guide rollers of at least one closing, thereby makes the thickness of continuous casting billet be equivalent to rated value as far as possible.
11. by the described method of claim 10, it is characterized in that thickness of strand detects by measurement mechanism, and be transferred in the controller, wherein under the situation of the thickness of strand of considering to detect, determine controlled quentity controlled variable.
CN200980118623.6A 2008-05-21 2009-04-22 Method for the continuous casting of a metal strand Active CN102149492B (en)

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ATA816/2008A AT506976B1 (en) 2008-05-21 2008-05-21 METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY GASING A METAL STRUCTURE
ATA816/2008 2008-05-21
PCT/EP2009/054786 WO2009141206A1 (en) 2008-05-21 2009-04-22 Method for the continuous casting of a metal strand

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TWI580496B (en) * 2014-12-25 2017-05-01 Jfe Steel Corp Continuous Casting of Steel
CN107552750A (en) * 2017-08-07 2018-01-09 中冶连铸技术工程有限责任公司 The multiple-strand caster and production method of large section Hot Metal in Beam Blank or slab can be produced
CN109848383A (en) * 2017-11-30 2019-06-07 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 A kind of flexible reduction method improving Inner Quality of Billet
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CN107552750A (en) * 2017-08-07 2018-01-09 中冶连铸技术工程有限责任公司 The multiple-strand caster and production method of large section Hot Metal in Beam Blank or slab can be produced
CN111278586A (en) * 2017-10-27 2020-06-12 Sms集团有限公司 Method for dividing a cast strand or an intermediate strip by means of a shearing machine
CN111278586B (en) * 2017-10-27 2021-11-19 Sms集团有限公司 Method for dividing a cast strand or an intermediate strip by means of a shearing machine
CN109848383A (en) * 2017-11-30 2019-06-07 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 A kind of flexible reduction method improving Inner Quality of Billet

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AT506976A1 (en) 2010-01-15
EP2279052B1 (en) 2016-11-09
EP2279052A1 (en) 2011-02-02
KR101781805B1 (en) 2017-10-23

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