A kind of four Wankel engines
Technical field
The present invention is mainly concerned with engine art, refers in particular to a kind of four Wankel engines that can be applicable to fields such as internal-combustion piston engine, external-combustion engine.
Background technique
Reciprocating engine mainly contains conventional engine and rotary engine two classes.All utilize connecting rod to carry out power delivery on most of conventional engines.The scientific research personnel centers on connecting rod and has launched extensive studies over more than 100 year, is devoted to reduce inertia loading and side pressure by acquiring some assisting agencies simultaneously, overcomes the motion dead point, improves the motor transmission efficiency.Though these researchs make the power performance of conventional engine improve to a certain extent, because the intrinsic defect of power delivery part fails fundamentally to change the low density present situation of engine power.Rotary engine development and application success be the three-apexed rotor rotary piston engine of nineteen fifty-seven by German's wankel (Wankel) invention, this engine power density is relatively large, application prospect is considerable, but because the rotor shapes complexity causes manufacture cost high, and insoluble problem such as poor, the fuel economy difference of power performance makes the theoretic superiority of rotary engine up to the present fail to be not fully exerted when having sealing difficulty, low speed.
Lower specific power is not only restricting the further raising of reciprocating engine performance, and has limited the application of reciprocating engine in many occasions.Above-mentioned two class reciprocating engine are subjected to the restriction of power delivery part intrinsic defect, and specific power is difficult to reach 1(Kw/Kg).The low bottleneck that has become some equipment technology development of power source specific power.
In order to improve the characteristic of conventional piston formula motor, people have proposed multiple solution, wherein the double rotor piston engine is a very popular research direction, for many years, carried out a large amount of research both at home and abroad, these researchs are all tried hard to make a breakthrough on the double rotor piston engine, but the research of existing double rotor piston engine exists following three problems to be difficult to solve.
At first, the differential driven unit of constraint rotor motion is complicated.In the document of having found, some people utilizes difficult process component such as elliptic gear, speed change gear, noncircular gear, ovum Knucle-gear to realize that differential drives rotor, these schemes are the cost height not only, and reliability is relatively poor, especially require line shaft revolution work done number of times more for a long time for the high power density that realizes motor, it is very complicated that the shape of these special type parts can become, and difficulty of processing is too big; Another part people adopts unconventional parts such as one-way element, ratchet, spring to realize that differential drives rotor, as everyone knows, these parts do not possess use value when making the parts of engine power transmission usefulness, have great impact when rotor is done non-uniform rotation, and running noises are very big; What also some people adopted is that conventional components such as gear, connecting rod realize that differentials drive rotors, but mechanism scheme otherwise too complicated, not compact, be difficult to carry out, or adjustable parameter is few, is difficult to produce the differential rule that meets the requirement of engine thermal dynamics.
Secondly, be difficult to realize that work done number of times that the line shaft of motor whenever turns around more than 10 times, does not guarantee the high power density of motor.
The twisting inertia power problem of bringing when once more, the non-uniform rotation of rotor consider is eliminated in all researchs both domestic and external.This inertial force can bring greater impact to motor integral body especially line shaft bearing when spinner velocity is higher, therefore press for a solution.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: at the technical problem of prior art existence, the invention provides work done number of times that a kind of simple in structure, stable drive, line shaft reliable, that can guarantee motor easily whenever turn around more than 10 times, and can eliminate four Wankel engines of making the intrinsic twisting inertia power that non-uniform rotation brings owing to rotor.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of four Wankel engines, comprise line shaft, reverse turn mechanical axis and two ram assemblies, described each ram assembly includes outer end cap, cylinder block, inner end cap and rotor II and rotor I, described cylinder block, outer end cap and inner end cap constitute cylinder body, described rotor II and rotor I are staggered and are installed in the cylinder body and rotate in cylinder body, it is characterized in that: also comprise reverse sync assembly and two differential driven units, a described differential driven unit is connected with a ram assembly and forms a cover double rotor piston power unit, and described reverse sync assembly is located between the two cover double rotor piston power unit.
As a further improvement on the present invention:
Described differential driven unit comprises gear ring housing, the first bent axle planet wheel, the second bent axle planet wheel, the first differential rocking bar I and the first differential rocking bar II, the described first differential rocking bar II is fixedlyed connected with the rotor II, the described first differential rocking bar I is fixedlyed connected with the rotor I, and the described first bent axle planet wheel and the second bent axle planet wheel are by first support and the engagement of gear ring housing and can do planet turnover motion around the gear ring housing; Be provided with first connecting rod between the described first bent axle planet wheel and the first differential rocking bar I, be provided with second connecting rod between the described second bent axle planet wheel and the first differential rocking bar II.
Described first support is fixedlyed connected with line shaft, and described second support is fixedlyed connected with the reverse turn mechanical axis.
For key is connected, be connected with key by splined shaft between the described first differential rocking bar I and the rotor I between the described first differential rocking bar II and the rotor II.
Described cylinder block, gear ring housing and inner end cap are fixedly connected sequentially, between described cylinder block and the inner end cap, be equipped with Sealing between described gear ring housing and the inner end cap.
Described reverse sync assembly comprises bevel gear frame, bevel gear, first bevel gear dish, second bevel gear dish and bevel gear shaft, described bevel gear shaft is installed on the bevel gear frame, described bevel gear is sheathed on the bevel gear shaft, described first bevel gear dish is fixedlyed connected with the first differential rocking bar II, described second bevel gear dish is fixedlyed connected with the second differential rocking bar II, described first bevel gear dish, second bevel gear is coiled and bevel gear between by being connected with a joggle.
Described differential driven unit is connected with the gear ring housing and is formed with an installation cavity, and described bevel gear is set up in the described installation cavity.
Described ram assembly also comprises big sealing ring, small sealing ring and door shape seal ring, described big sealing ring is located between cylinder block and outer end cap, the inner end cap, described small sealing ring is located in the annular groove of rotor I and rotor II upper blade root, and described door shape seal ring is located in the door connected in star of rotor I and rotor II upper blade side.
Also be provided with end cap on the outer end cap of described ram assembly, be provided with lip-type packing between described end cap and the line shaft.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, four Wankel engines of the present invention have solved the intrinsic twisting inertia power problem that the non-uniform rotation of rotor brings by a reverse sync assembly is set between two power units by ram assembly and differential driven unit;
2, differential driven unit of the present invention is simple in structure, reliable, adopts common component such as gear, connecting rod to carry out the differential motion requirement that conventional combination can realize rotor, and the line shaft of motor of the present invention whenever turns around, and total work done number of times is 36 times.The obvious advantage that work done brings often is, with other reciprocating engine relatively, under identical design weight, specific power, power per liter etc. has greatly improved, this advantage will have a wide range of applications;
3, the mechanism scheme of differential driven unit of the present invention is simple, adjustable parameter is many, can realize meeting the differential rule that the engine thermal mechanics requires easily by the dimensional parameters of regulating gear ratio and fourbar linkage, and the work done number of times of motor be gear ratio square doubly, therefore can significantly not change under the prerequisite of motor overall dimensions, weight and manufacture cost, can realize that rotor rotates a circle, the work done number of times becomes a square doubly variation with gear ratio, thereby adapts to various application;
4, the mean speed of rotor of the present invention is identical with the line shaft of motor, be that line shaft whenever rotates a circle, rotor is also finished a rotation motion, each moment all has 3 active chambers to be in power stroke simultaneously, the work done frequency also is higher than other reciprocating engine, so work of the present invention in theory is more steady, thereby reduce the wearing and tearing of each mechanical parts effectively, and prolong the working life of motor;
5, power output form of the present invention is various, after adopting the reverse sync assembly, both can eliminate the twisting inertia power that is produced when single group rotor is done differential motion, and with power conflux the back export by line shaft, also can adopt nested line shaft and reverse turn mechanical axis to export respectively to realize wherein the form of transferring out being particularly useful for the occasion that large transport airplane, helicopter, torpedo etc. need co-axial contra rotating propeller output to changeing driving;
6, the present invention takes modular design, with ram assembly and differential driven unit apart arrangement, both can protect to allow the differential driven unit away from complex environments such as high temperature, high pressure, be convenient to dismounting and maintenance again, also can be combined into the multi-cylinder working forms vertically easily, adapt to particular application;
7, symmetrical configuration of the present invention is arranged, and number of parts is few, active chamber is convenient to sealing, do not have complicated distribution device.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that two-dimensional structure of the present invention is formed schematic representation;
Fig. 2 is that three-dimensional structure of the present invention is formed schematic representation;
Fig. 3 is the assembly structure schematic representation in the motor specific embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the sectional structure schematic representation at A-A place among Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is that the two dimension of specific embodiment medium power cylinder component constitutes structural representation;
Fig. 6 is the three-dimensional exploded structural representation of specific embodiment medium power cylinder component;
Fig. 7 is the three-dimensional exploded structural representation of differential driven unit in the specific embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the Placement schematic representation of specific embodiment rotor I and differential rocking bar I;
Fig. 9 is the Placement schematic representation of specific embodiment rotor II and differential rocking bar II;
Figure 10 is the three-dimensional structure schematic representation of reverse sync assembly in the specific embodiment.
Marginal data:
100, ram assembly; 200, differential driven unit; 300, reverse sync assembly; 1, line shaft; 2, outer end cap; 3, cylinder block; 4, inner end cap; 5, pin; 6, O RunddichtringO; 7, gear ring housing; 8, abat-vent; 9, paper washer; 10, key; 11, bevel gear frame; 12, bevel gear; 13, bent axle planet wheel; 131, the first bent axle planet wheel; 132, the second bent axle planet wheel; 14, connecting rod; 141, first connecting rod; 142, second connecting rod; 151, first support; 152, second support; 161, the first differential rocking bar I; 162, the second differential rocking bar I; 171, the first differential rocking bar II; 172, the second differential rocking bar II; 18, rotor II; 19, rotor I; 20, key; 21, end cap; 22, lip-type packing; 23, reverse turn mechanical axis; 24, hold the mill pad for a short time; 25, hold the mill pad greatly; 26, splined shaft; 27, key; 281, first bevel gear dish; 282, second bevel gear dish; 29, bevel gear shaft; 101, big sealing ring; 102, small sealing ring; 103, door shape seal ring; 301, suction port; 302, relief opening; 303, spark plug.
Embodiment
Below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the present invention is a kind of high power density four Wankel engines of noninertia power, comprise line shaft 1, reverse turn mechanical axis 23 and two ram assemblies 100, each ram assembly 100 includes outer end cap 2, cylinder block 3, inner end cap 4 and rotor II 18 and rotor I 19, cylinder block 3, outer end cap 2 and inner end cap 4 constitute cylinder body, and rotor II 18 and rotor I 19 are staggered and are installed in the cylinder body and rotate in cylinder body.The present invention also further comprises reverse sync assembly 300 and two differential driven units 200, differential driven unit 200 is connected with a ram assembly 100 and forms a cover double rotor piston power unit, and reverse sync assembly 300 is located between the two cover double rotor piston power unit.That is, motor integral body is connected successively by ram assembly 100, differential driven unit 200, reverse sync assembly 300, differential driven unit 200, ram assembly 100 and combines.By between two cover power units, a reverse sync assembly 300 being set, when realizing the output of motor high power density, also solved the intrinsic twisting inertia power problem that the non-uniform rotation of rotor brings.After adopting reverse sync assembly 300, both can eliminate the twisting inertia power that is produced when single group rotor is done differential motion, and with power conflux the back export by line shaft, also can adopt nested line shaft and reverse turn mechanical axis to export respectively to realize wherein the form of transferring out being particularly useful for the occasion that large transport airplane, helicopter, torpedo etc. need co-axial contra rotating propeller output to changeing driving.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the ram assembly 100 of the present invention's four Wankel engines and the double rotor piston engine basically identical of prior art, ram assembly 100 comprises cylinder block 3, outer end cap 2, inner end cap 4 and rotor II 18 and rotor I 19, cylinder block 3, outer end cap 2 and inner end cap 4 constitute cylinder body, and rotor II 18 and rotor I 19 are staggered (also can be cross-like) and are installed in the cylinder body and can rotate in the cylindrical cavity of cylinder body.Wherein, rotor II 18 and rotor I 19 are six vane rotors, and two six vane rotors form 12 active chambers.Be evenly equipped with 301,3 relief openings 302 of 3 suction ports and 3 spark plugs 303 on the cylinder of ram assembly 100.In the present embodiment, ram assembly 100 also comprises big sealing ring 101, small sealing ring 102 and door shape seal ring 103, big sealing ring 101 is located in the mounting groove of offering between cylinder block 3 and outer end cap 2, the inner end cap 4, and small sealing ring 102 is located in the annular groove of rotor II 18 and rotor I 19 upper blade roots.Wherein, between rotor II 18 and the rotor I 19, between rotor II 18 and the outer end cap 2 and be equipped with small sealing ring 102 between rotor I 19 and the inner end cap 4, door shape seal ring 103 is located in the door connected in star of rotor II 18 and rotor I 19 upper blade sides, has guaranteed the sealing reliability of ram assembly 100.
Further, on the outer end cap 2 of ram assembly 100, also be provided with end cap 21, be provided with lip-type packing 22 between end cap 21 and the line shaft 1, further guarantee the reliability of whole motor sealing.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 7, in the present embodiment, differential driven unit 200 comprises gear ring housing 7, the first bent axle planet wheel 131, the second bent axle planet wheel 132, first connecting rod 141, second connecting rod 142, first support 151, the first differential rocking bar I 161 and the first differential rocking bar II 171, and wherein gear ring housing 7 is connected on the inner end cap 4 of ram assembly 100.As shown in Figure 3, cylinder block 3, gear ring housing 7 and inner end cap 4 are fixedly connected sequentially, be equipped with Sealing between cylinder block 3 and the inner end cap 4 and between gear ring housing 7 and the inner end cap 4, Sealing is an O RunddichtringO 6, and line shaft 1 is fixedlyed connected with first support 151 and can be rotated with first support 151.As Fig. 3, Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, the first differential rocking bar II 171 offers boss, offer keyway on the boss, the assembly department of rotor II 18 is provided with keyway, the first differential rocking bar II 171 and rotor II 18 are fixedlyed connected by flat key, offer spline on the first differential rocking bar I 161, the assembly department of rotor I 19 is provided with keyway, be connected by a splined shaft 26 between the first differential rocking bar I 161 and the rotor I 19, one end of splined shaft 26 has keyway and fixedlys connected with rotor I 19 by flat key, the other end offers spline and fixedlys connected with the first differential rocking bar I 161 by spline, the first bent axle planet wheel 131 and the second bent axle planet wheel 132 also can be done planet turnover motion around gear ring housing 7 by first support 151 and 7 engagements of gear ring housing, be provided with first connecting rod 141 between the bent axle of the first bent axle planet wheel 131 and the first differential rocking bar I 161, be provided with second connecting rod 142 between the second bent axle planet wheel 132 and the first differential rocking bar II 171, one end of first connecting rod 141 and the first differential rocking bar I 161 are articulated and connected, the bent axle of the other end and the first bent axle planet wheel 131 is articulated and connected, one end of second connecting rod 142 and the first differential rocking bar II 171 are articulated and connected, and the bent axle of the other end and the second bent axle planet wheel 132 is articulated and connected.
As Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 10, in the present embodiment, reverse sync assembly 300 comprises bevel gear frame 11, bevel gear 12, first bevel gear dish, 281, second bevel gear dish 282 and bevel gear shaft 29, and bevel gear frame 11 is installed in the installation cavity that two cover differential driven units 200 and gear ring housing 7 interconnect and form.Bevel gear shaft 29 radially is fixed on the bevel gear frame 11 along bevel gear frame 11, bevel gear 12 is sheathed on the bevel gear shaft 29, first bevel gear dish 281 is fixedlyed connected with the first differential rocking bar II 171, and second bevel gear dish 282 is fixedlyed connected with the second differential rocking bar II 172.Referring to Fig. 8, in the present embodiment, first bevel gear dish, 281 and second bevel gear dish 282 is by on the close end of bevel gear 12 of the assembly department that is bolted to the first differential rocking bar II 171 and the second differential rocking bar II 172, and space utilization is reasonable, and structure is compact more.Left and right two first bevel gears dish, 281 and second bevel gear dish 282 all is connected with a joggle with bevel gear 12, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, first bevel gear dish, 281 and second bevel gear dish, the 282 line shaft rotary centerlines with motor are the center of rotation axis, and bevel gear 12 is the center of rotation axis with any radial line perpendicular to engine power axle rotary centerline on the bevel gear frame 11.In the present embodiment, upwards be evenly equipped with 4 bevel gears 12 week of bevel gear frame 11, guarantee thus, stressed more even between first bevel gear dish, 281, second bevel gear dish 282 and the bevel gear 12, transmission is also more steady.
Motor be a kind of (by) complex machines formed of many mechanisms and system.Finish transformation of energy, realize work cycle, guarantee the long-time continuous proper functioning, must possess indispensable some mechanisms and system.Motor of the present invention belongs to reciprocating engine, basic principle is other reciprocating engine roughly the same, therefore, except that the power delivery part that the present invention revises emphatically, also must dispose fuel supply system, lubricating system, cooling system, starting systems etc., the technology of these systems can just repeat no more at this fully with reference to the technology of existing reciprocating piston type or three-apexed rotor rotary engine.In addition, the present invention is a kind of as motor, generic Stirling engine, its mechanism part fields such as also can be used for pneumatic motor, compressor, pump that makes an amendment slightly.
Working principle:
During line shaft 1 uniform rotation of motor, be that two rotors are all made speed change with the angular velocity of cyclic fluctuation and rotated, and make that the working chamber volume between two rotors periodically increases, reduces under the constraint of 1 differential driven unit 200 in degrees of freedom.Otherwise, the implode of fuel work chamber, explosion pressure promotes two rotor rotation, and under the constraint of differential driven unit 200, the differential of rotor is converted into the uniform rotation of engine power axle 1.
The active chamber number of the applied motor of the present invention in a cylinder body is the twice of the gear ratio of aforementioned gear ring housing 7 and bent axle planet wheel (131,132), and the work done number of times of each active chamber is half of gear ratio in rotor rotates a circle process, just rotor rotate a circle the work done number of times of motor of the present invention be gear ratio square doubly, the work done number of times of present embodiment is 36 times, therefore can realize continuously, to high-density outputting power.Guaranteeing that motor is under identical design weight prerequisite, motor of the present invention and other (owning) reciprocating engine are relatively, under identical design weight, specific power, power per liter etc. have greatly improved, this characteristic has a wide range of applications, adopt common spur gear, linkage mechanism is realized two-spool differential motion, need not to adopt elliptic gear, the extraordinary component of complex contours such as noncircular gear, it is simple and easy to make processing, there are not vulnerable parts such as cam yet, and can directly process ring gear on cylinder body, the layout of total will be compacter like this, and also more easy arrangement is lubricated, systems such as cooling.The more important thing is, differential driven unit mechanism principle scheme is simple, adjustable parameter is many, can realize meeting the differential rule that the engine thermal mechanics requires easily by the dimensional parameters of regulating gear ratio and fourbar linkage, and the work done number of times of motor be gear ratio square doubly, therefore can significantly not change under the prerequisite of motor overall dimensions, weight and manufacture cost, can realize that rotor rotates a circle, the work done number of times becomes a square doubly variation with gear ratio, thereby adapts to various application.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention also not only is confined to the foregoing description, and all technological schemes that belongs under the thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Should propose, for those skilled in the art, in the improvements and modifications that do not break away under the principle of the invention prerequisite, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.