CN102135163A - Tenor drum conical pulley mechanical type self-adaptive continuously variable transmission (CVT) - Google Patents
Tenor drum conical pulley mechanical type self-adaptive continuously variable transmission (CVT) Download PDFInfo
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- CN102135163A CN102135163A CN2010101050175A CN201010105017A CN102135163A CN 102135163 A CN102135163 A CN 102135163A CN 2010101050175 A CN2010101050175 A CN 2010101050175A CN 201010105017 A CN201010105017 A CN 201010105017A CN 102135163 A CN102135163 A CN 102135163A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tenor drum conical pulley mechanical type self-adaptive continuously variable transmission (CVT) which comprises a tenor drum conical pulley CVT tank, a motive power input shafting and a motive power output shafting, wherein the tenor drum conical pulley CVT tank is provided with a pair of tenor drum type conical pulleys the large ends and small ends of which are oppositely arranged and are mutually contacted all the time, and the tenor drum type conical pulley has enough surface pressure; the tenor drum conical pulley CVT tank is respectively combined with an input shaft coaxially into a dead shaft (10), and combined with an output shaft coaxially into a variable shaft (9); the variable shaft (9) is restricted by the counteracting force of a pretensioning spring (5) of a bearing (4) at the shaft end and the output shafting, thus the included angle of the axes of the two shafts is variable; the pretensioning spring (5) is provided with a regulating screw (6) and is laminated with a pressing plate (7); and the pressing plate is additionally provided with a regulating supporting point (8). The tenor drum conical pulley mechanical type self-adaptive CVT has the advantages of less components, compact structure, less rigid shock to machinery and the like; the transmission ratio can be adjusted automatically through the counteracting force of loading during the output; and compared with a Nuwinci stepless transmission bicycle, a bicycle which is provided with the CTV provided by the invention also has the advantages that the chain transmission is saved, the bicycle is easy to popularize, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical transmission fields, particularly relate to a kind of Adaptive Mechanical stepless speed changes devices.
Background technique
In mechanical transmission fields, speed change all the time with the transmission symbiotic co-existence.
Step change transmission switches by clutch and gear, recently realizes speed change with different gears, and being in operation has the sudden change of speed unavoidably, instantaneous power interruption, causes and beat tooth and to the defectives such as impact of machinery easily.
Rigid mechanical stepless speed variator CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission) is based on the friction transferring power, realizes infinite variable speed by the radius of clean-up (direct-type or some indirection type CVT) that changes the input output wheel or the radius of clean-up (indirection type CVT) that changes breast wheel.
Long conical CVT technology is normally by realizing infinite variable speed to controlling of the intermediate friction part between the awl roller (the intermediate friction part can be friction wheel or friction band or even high elasticity steel loop band).Controlling then of middle friction member can be realized by the mode of using guide wheel guide rod even axle control.(as Fig. 1 a, shown in Fig. 1 b and Fig. 1 c)
Number of patent application 200910195154.X " middle bulging cone pulley shaft controlled mechanical stepless speed-changing device " has proposed a kind of middle drum length bevel-type CVT structure, the drum length cone pulley was taken turns as input output during it adopted, take turns direct contact by two and come transferring power, omitted medium tache, and realized stepless change (as shown in Figure 2) by the mode of axle control.More original technology has bigger improvement and simplification, has characteristics such as structure is more simplified, transmission more reliable.
Yet scientific and technical innovation and technological progress are endless, and users and scientific and technical personnel wish that new science and technology and new technology can obtain effective promotion and application in each corresponding field, and constantly make progress and develop.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structurely, transmit reliably, kinetic equation loss and component wear are little, and the reaction force of load can export according to power to a certain extent time the and adjust the Adaptive Mechanical stepless speed changes devices of velocity ratio automatically.
[technological scheme]
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
Middle drum cone pulley Adaptive Mechanical stepless speed changes devices, drum cone pulley CVT case, power input shaft system and output shaft are in comprising; It is characterized in that: drum cone pulley CVT case has a pair of big small end to dispose relatively in described, axis is in same plane and remain the middle drum type cone pulley that is in contact with one another with enough surface pressures, respectively with input shaft coaxial be combined into dead axle, with the coaxial flexible shaft that is combined into of output shaft; The axle end bearing of dead axle and CVT cabinet are fixed; Flexible shaft be subjected to axle end bearing radially preloading spring and the reaction force of output shaft system retrain, make that the angle of two axis is variable.
Described dead axle and flexible shaft can be the middle bulging cone pulleys of same size, also can be the middle bulging cone pulleys of different size; One of them the axle in addition also can be common cone pulley or cylinder the wheel.
Auxiliary tone joint screw on the described preloading spring, and a multiple pressing plate; Pressing plate is provided with the adjusting fulcrum.
Described adjusting screw also can be by regulating fulcrum and pressing plate function in preloading spring.
Described power input shaft is to comprise input gear pair and non-return ratchet; Non-return ratchet can be a clutch type.
Described pto is to comprise gimbal coupling, thrust articulated bearing and output gear wheel set.
The axle end bearing that described dead axle is suitable with the configuration of flexible shaft axle head.
Middle drum cone pulley CVT, its cone pulley (being dead axle and flexible shaft) is middle drum-type, as bullet cut.Because the effect of preloading spring, the drum cone pulley is remained be in contact with one another and enough surface pressures, the transmission of power can realize by special lubricating oil (traction fluid) formed anti-shearing oil film under surface pressure between cone pulley.The change of speed by regulating the position of preloading spring top board fulcrum, influences the angle of diaxon through preloading spring, thereby changes the contact position of drum cone pulley (being dead axle and flexible shaft) in two, and the radius of clean-up that also promptly changes two cone pulleys realizes.Be in operation simultaneously, the change of speed, the reaction force acts of load to such an extent as to change preloading spring and the original balance of flexible shaft in the CVT case, makes it the balance that reaches new in flexible shaft in the time of can also exporting by power; Thereby make power when output resistance is big, can trend towards bigger velocity ratio (being deceleration regime) automatically, otherwise, then trend towards less velocity ratio (being the speedup state), promptly make this device have " self adaption " performance, its transmission specific energy is adjusted automatically, need not interfere.
During practical application, by the adjusting of adjusting screw to two preloading springs about exporting on the cone pulley, " hard and soft " degree of the static gearing ratio of predeterminable device and adjusting " self adaption ".
To the regulation and control of preloading spring top board fulcrum, then can be in operation and carry out mechanically, this is the adjusting to the dynamic velocity ratio of this device.
Establish a non-return ratchet in order to prevent CVT case " internal force " forward pass at input end.
During practical application, middle bulging cone pulley, one of them axle that more can be by using different size even also can adopt common cone pulley or cylinder wheel is so that this device congenital speciality that just has speedup or deceleration before speed change.
[beneficial effect]
Superiority of the present invention and beneficial effect find expression in: 1. parts are few, and structure is simplified.2. not harsh to material requirements and designing requirement.Therefore realize that cost is low, easily processing, easy care maintenance.3. applied widely, to senior locomotive, or corresponding mechanical field all can adopt from simple rickshaw.4. control simple.By the location of pressing plate adjusted fulcrum being come the angle of diaxon is controlled the velocity ratio that to realize ideal.5. component wear is little, and kinetic equation loss is low, the transmission efficiency height.6. force-bearing situation is better than existing stepless speed-regulating device, and gear range can exceed existing stepless speed-regulating device.7. speed change is level and smooth, and is more single because of controlling in when operation, can not make machinery that the phenomenon of unsmooth, stall and unexpected speed change takes place.8. the rigid impulse to machinery is little.9. when static, also can carry out the adjusting and the setting of velocity ratio when promptly rotating speed is zero.The reaction force of load when 10. velocity ratio can be exported by power within the specific limits and adjusting automatically.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a is long cone pulley stepless speed regulation principle schematic, adopts mobile friction wheel mode to carry out speed governing;
Fig. 1 b is long cone pulley stepless speed regulation principle schematic, adopts mobile friction band mode to carry out speed governing;
Fig. 1 c is long cone pulley stepless speed regulation principle schematic, thereby carries out speed governing for moving to rub to be with by the axle control, in change diaxon angle mode;
Fig. 2 is the middle bulging cone pulley stepless speed regulation principle schematic of number of patent application 200910195154.X, takes turns as input output for drum type cone pulley in adopting, and makes two to take turns direct contact, has omitted medium tache, and has realized stepless change by the mode of axle control;
Fig. 3 is a kind of mode of execution schematic representation of drum cone pulley self adaption stepless speed-regulating device among the present invention, input shaft is a dead axle, output shaft is a flexible shaft, and the reaction force of load retrained when flexible shaft was subjected to preloading spring and power output, can adjust velocity ratio automatically to a certain extent.
Fig. 4 is the plan view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is drum cone pulley self adaption stepless speed regulation bicycle structure schematic representation among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the plan view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 a-Fig. 7 c is a U.S. Niu Fenqi bicycle with stepless speed change speed control principle schematic representation, realizes stepless change by the angle of swing of regulating the steel ball between the input and output wheel disc;
Among the figure: 1-pedal chain wheel is gear to the inside, 2-input end gear, the non-return ratchet of 3-, 4-axle end bearing, 5-preloading spring, 6-adjusting screw, 7-pressing plate; 8-regulates fulcrum, 9-flexible shaft (middle drum type cone pulley), and 10-dead axle (middle drum type cone pulley), the 11-gimbal coupling, the 12-thrust articulated bearing, the 13-output shaft, the 14-trailing wheel is gear laterally, the 15-gear of output end.
Embodiment
[embodiment] self adaption bicycle with stepless speed change
Further describe structure of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Bicycle is as pollution-free, environmental protection and the wholesome traffic tool, like for people deeply and popularized, especially with China for very, can be rated as the kingdom of bicycle.In panoramic bicycle, the function that much has speed change is arranged, as some vehicle, speed change even can reach tens grades, but be step change, and be recently to realize by different gears without exception.
Be seen in report recently, winning NuVinci Continuously Variable Planetary (CVP) drive (the Niu Fenqi stepless change planetary driving device) bicycle by the development of Ellsworth company of U.S.'s Everyman's Science 2007 annual best design prizes, is the first that the CVT technology is used for bicycle.
Shown in Fig. 7 a-Fig. 7 c.Its principle is to obtain infinite variable speed by the angle of swing of regulating the steel ball between the input and output wheel disc.From structure principle chart as can be known: this apparatus structure and remarkable, the cooperation of each parts requires very highly during operation, and and component wear and kinetic equation loss are all very big, and manual adjusting must follow the prescribed order, i.e. and control reaction can not take place immediately.
And adopt bicycle of the present invention, except that possessing the stepless change feature, also possess " self adaption " feature.So-called " self adaption " is meant that vehicle can keep the velocity ratio of " suiting " automatically in certain state, that is: when start quickening or upward slope can tend to big speed ratio (being deceleration regime) automatically when increasing resistance, otherwise then tend to close steps (being the speedup state) automatically; Velocity ratio when at the uniform velocity continuing was then both predeterminable also can be regulated by manual control at any time.
As shown in Figure 3.
Its core component is a CVT case.Two middle drum type cone pulleys (flexible shaft 9 and dead axle 10) are arranged in the case, and joint shaft bearing 4 is used at the two ends of output shaft, and bearing block is defined in the rail groove of CVT case both sides, only allows its controlled moving up and down.Axle one end adopt thrust-bearing 4 when stoping transmission by the axial displacement that axial thrust load was caused, the other end then adopts free bearing 4 to scurry a phenomenon to solve because of what the axis change caused.
Input shaft end is joined non-return ratchet 3.
Have on preloading spring 5, two preloading springs 5 on the bearing support of output cone pulley (flexible shaft 9) pressing plate 7 is arranged again, the fulcrum 8 of adjusting is arranged on the pressing plate 7, can controlled move left and right.
Change the pedal chain wheel 1 of standard bicycle and the chain straight-tooth of ratchet 14 into the side tooth.Making input output cone pulley (dead axle 10 and flexible shaft 9) stretch out the outer shaft end gear 2 (with 15) of CVT case meshes with the tooth to the inside of chain wheel 1 and the tooth laterally of trailing wheel 14 respectively.
Power is through cone pulley (dead axle 10 and flexible shaft 9) and gimbal coupling 11 and thrust articulated bearing 12 transmission concentric with trailing wheel 14.
By the gimbal coupling technology, can make gear engagement more reasonable, and make apparatus of the present invention to cause because of structural limitations, installation and processing etc., may make all axles can not remain in the offset issue that same plane produces also to be readily solved.
Whole C VT case and vehicle frame are fixed.
When bicycle scrunched startup or quickens, chain wheel side gear 1 made input shaft (dead axle 10) obtain corresponding torque by the engagement to input end gear 2; Because two cone pulleys (dead axle 10 and flexible shaft 9) are in contact with one another and enough surface pressures because of the effect of preloading spring 5 remains, and be filled in the traction fluid that can form anti-shearing oil film under the surface pressure between cone pulley, so make corresponding moment of torsion can be by output shaft (flexible shaft 9 and output shaft 13), through gimbal coupling 11 with the concentric thrust articulated bearing 12 of trailing wheel 14, reach gear of output end 15 and be delivered to the rear wheel-side gear 14 that is engaged with, thereby make vehicle acquisition power; Simultaneously, the resistance of 14 pairs of gear of output end 15 of rear wheel-side gear produces a downward shearing to output shaft 13.This downward shearing will make that this section output shaft 13 is that the center of circle produces clockwise deflection with thrust articulated bearing 12 behind the universal joint 11, fix because of CVT case and vehicle frame again, so cause universal joint 11 front output shafts (flexible shaft 9) to overcome the balance of original preloading spring 5 and produce counterclockwise deflection again; Quicken or resistance is healed when big, shearing force is also bigger, and deflection also more; By schematic representation as can be known, this moment, two cone pulleys (dead axle 10 and flexible shaft 9) point of contact was also healed left, thereby made the velocity ratio of CVT case also bigger, and rotating speed is healed little more laborsaving.Along with quickening or resistance becomes little, shearing force and deflection are also corresponding to become little, thereby makes two cone pulleys (dead axle 10 and flexible shaft 9) point of contact also trend towards returning to the equinoctial point of original preloading spring 5 and the velocity ratio of former setting.
In other words: no matter be the deflection of being obstructed and causing, all will cause the vehicle power transmission to be maintained with non-rigid, continuous and appropriate velocity ratio because of the deflection quickening to cause or because of vehicle movement.
This is i.e. the literal sense of " self adaption ", and " self adaption " be " immediately ", need not interfere and regulate and control under steam.
The adjusting of two preloading springs 5 about exporting on the cone pulley 9 by 6 pairs of adjusting screw, " hard and soft " degree of the static gearing ratio of predeterminable vehicle and adjusting " self adaption " is with custom and the requirement of satisfying different bicyclers.(wherein adjusting screw 6 also can be single component, regulates fulcrum 8 by acting on, and acts on two preloading springs 5 through pressing plate 7 again.)
To the regulation and control of the fulcrum 8 of preloading spring 5 top boards 7, then can carry out by machinery types such as handle, screw mandrels under steam by the bicycler, this is the adjusting to the dynamic velocity ratio of vehicle.
Establish a non-return ratchet 3 in order to prevent CVT case " internal force " forward pass, in order to avoid influence scrunches at input end; In case but non-return ratchet 3 adopts the clutch form then is the yoke that can not be subjected to ratchet when vehicle must be carried out backward.
Simultaneously, because the output shaft 13 of this device and flexible shaft 9 are dynamic equilibrium state (being that the process of transmission and speed change must satisfy and respectively acts on equilibrium of forces, especially with the dynamic balancing of preloading spring 5), objectively also reduced impact to machinery.Compare with the Niu Fenqi bicycle with stepless speed change of U.S. Ellsworth company, main feature has:
| The present invention | Niu Fenqi | |
| Structure | Simply.Critical piece is two middle bulging cone pulleys that are in contact with one another | Complicated.Critical piece is that two plate wheels reach 3-12 small ball of contact with it |
| Transmission of power | Directly contact transmission by two cone pulleys | Mediate contact transmission by two plate wheels and steel ball |
| Kinetic equation loss and component wear | Lower.Because of friction member is few, only be necessary spring bearing and universal joint (axle), input and output gear | Higher.More because of friction member, except that the spring bearing of necessity, also have steel ball, retainer, the steel ball axis of rotation, rotation pedestal, center regulation and control frame, chain and gear etc. |
| Variable-speed operating control | Single.Control by changing two axle clamp angles, control part and be: regulate fulcrum, pressing plate, stage clip etc.; Do not contact with the running part | Single.Control by the axis of rotation of change small ball and the angle of line shaft; But 3-12 steel ball palpus strict synchronism, friction and relative movement all take place in central shaft and steel ball and retainer etc. |
| Chain-driven | Omit | Must keep |
| Adaptivity | Have.Can adjust automatically within the specific limits, and avoid rigid impulse driving component | Do not have |
| Processing, installation, maintenance etc. | Simply.Allow with than mistake or the coexistence of heavy wear situation and do not influence use substantially | Require very high.Must fit together perfectly, comprise the concentricity, tolerance fit of associated components etc., lubricated and maintenance all is difficult for |
| But realize cost and popularization | Low.Comparatively fit with the basic structure of standard bicycle, can widely popularize | High."The Spring Snow", unpopular |
Perhaps, it " self adaption stepless change " notion of the present invention in conjunction with existing step change, material, shock-absorbing and deceleration energy storage technology, can be brought a revolution for bicycle field, particularly mountain bike and racing car field.
Claims (10)
1. middle bulging cone pulley Adaptive Mechanical stepless speed changes devices, drum cone pulley CVT case, power input shaft system and output shaft system in comprising; It is characterized in that: drum cone pulley CVT case has a pair of big small end to dispose relatively in described, axis is in same plane and the surface remains the middle drum type cone pulley that is in contact with one another, respectively with input shaft coaxial be combined into dead axle (10), with the coaxial flexible shaft (9) that is combined into of output shaft; Described dead axle (10), its axle end bearing (4) is fixed with the CVT cabinet; Described flexible shaft (9), its axle end bearing (4) radially disposes preloading spring (5), and the angle of two axis is variable.
2. drum cone pulley Adaptive Mechanical stepless speed changes devices in according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described dead axle (10) and flexible shaft (9) can be the middle bulging cone pulleys of same size, also can be the middle bulging cone pulleys of different size.
3. drum cone pulley Adaptive Mechanical stepless speed changes devices in according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: axle is middle bulging cone pulley one of in described dead axle (10) and the flexible shaft (9), and another axle also can be that common cone pulley or cylinder are taken turns.
4. drum cone pulley Adaptive Mechanical stepless speed changes devices in according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described preloading spring (5) is gone up auxiliary tone joint screw (6), and a multiple pressing plate (7).
5. drum cone pulley Adaptive Mechanical stepless speed changes devices in according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described pressing plate (7) is provided with regulates fulcrum (8).
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described middle drum cone pulley Adaptive Mechanical stepless speed changes devicess, it is characterized in that: described adjusting screw (6) also can act on preloading spring (5) by regulating fulcrum (8) and pressing plate (7).
7. drum cone pulley Adaptive Mechanical stepless speed changes devices in according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power input shaft is to comprise input gear pair and non-return ratchet (3).
8. drum cone pulley Adaptive Mechanical stepless speed changes devices in according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pto is to comprise gimbal coupling (11), thrust articulated bearing (12) and output gear wheel set.
9. drum cone pulley Adaptive Mechanical stepless speed changes devices in according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described non-return ratchet (3) can be a clutch type.
10. drum cone pulley Adaptive Mechanical stepless speed changes devices is characterized in that: the axle end bearing (4) that described dead axle (10) is suitable with the configuration of flexible shaft (9) axle head in according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101050175A CN102135163A (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2010-01-25 | Tenor drum conical pulley mechanical type self-adaptive continuously variable transmission (CVT) |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101050175A CN102135163A (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2010-01-25 | Tenor drum conical pulley mechanical type self-adaptive continuously variable transmission (CVT) |
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| CN102135163A true CN102135163A (en) | 2011-07-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2010101050175A Pending CN102135163A (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2010-01-25 | Tenor drum conical pulley mechanical type self-adaptive continuously variable transmission (CVT) |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104776186A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-15 | 姬志强 | Direct-drive continuously variable transmission device |
| CN108533709A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-09-14 | 徐宇 | Idler wheel drive stepless speed changing case |
-
2010
- 2010-01-25 CN CN2010101050175A patent/CN102135163A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104776186A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-15 | 姬志强 | Direct-drive continuously variable transmission device |
| CN108533709A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-09-14 | 徐宇 | Idler wheel drive stepless speed changing case |
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Application publication date: 20110727 |