CN102134843B - Method for building crescent man-made island - Google Patents
Method for building crescent man-made island Download PDFInfo
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- CN102134843B CN102134843B CN2011100405964A CN201110040596A CN102134843B CN 102134843 B CN102134843 B CN 102134843B CN 2011100405964 A CN2011100405964 A CN 2011100405964A CN 201110040596 A CN201110040596 A CN 201110040596A CN 102134843 B CN102134843 B CN 102134843B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for building a crescent man-made island, which comprises the following steps: selecting the seabed in the positions of capes on two sides of the crescent man-made island in the offshore and shallow sea with the water depth of not exceeding 30m for performing desilting treatment; then performing riprap filling on the basis of the desilting treatment for forming the capes on the two sides; using bagged silt for riprap filling, forming a crescent bay arc line and a crescent back arc line, performing blowing and filling in a region formed between the crescent inshore bay arc line and the crescent back arc line, and forming the crescent man-made island enabling a bay to face strong wind waves; and setting a wave-blocking barrier dead ahead the crescent man-made island. In the method, the characteristics that the capes of the crescent man-made island are prominent and the bay is concave are utilized, and the principle of wave energy convergence at the capes and wave energy divergence at the bay is applied for constructing the crescent man-made island, thereby forming a crescent bay beach and realizing an ocean exploitation new mode which can realize comprehensive utilization and intensive development of fishing at reefs, swimming at the bay and harboring at the back. The method is convenient to operate and can save resources and reduce investment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mud base man-made island construction method, particularly a kind of crescent man-made island construction method.
Background technology
The form of man-made island is generally determined by its function in the world, more considers the stormy waves factor at the formula of the filling man-made island in shallow sea.But regardless of still being safe factors based on function, coastal various countries build man-made island all in the effort of doing with minimum investment construction maximum area, because can obtain maximum economic benefits like this.So the seen man-made island of people generally has variforms such as circle, square, rectangle, trapezoidal, ellipse and polygon, and these man-made islands generally at the harbour, all there is extensive utilization aspect such as logistics and development of real estate.We see constructing of all man-made islands, all are in the antagonism the most indomitable with natural masterpiece, are the impact force of wave to defeat natural force, are final purpose and reach man-made island safety, rather than the utilization in addition scientific and reasonable to natural force.Therefore, this type man-made island requires building materials intensity high, and investment is big, and even environment is had considerable influence.
This type fills the formula man-made island and all adopts frame to enclose technology; According to the difformity of man-made island function design, adopt the cubic meter of stone or cement components to carry out frame and enclose, the concrete prefabricated frame that directly in seawater, carries out that has encloses; Silt hydraulic reclamation then, i.e. " first frame encloses, back hydraulic reclamation " technology.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the deficiency to prior art, provide a kind of new, be provided with and more rationally, rationally utilize natural force, crescent man-made island construction method that capacity of anti-storm is strong.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to realize through following technical scheme.The present invention is a kind of crescent man-made island construction method, is characterized in that its step is following:
(1) is no more than 30 meters offshore shallow sea in the depth of water,, desilting carried out in the seabed of cape position, both sides handled by the cape position, both sides of the selected crescent man-made island of designing requirement; On the desilting processing basis, throw then and fill out, form the both sides cape that is higher than high water mark water surface 3-5 rice with the cubic meter of stone and cement components block;
(2) behind the cape of formation both sides, the silt that is packed in bag is thrown and is filled out, and it is inboard to connect the both sides cape, forms crescent bay camber line; Connect the cape outside, both sides again, form crescent back camber line; Zone between crescent bay camber line and crescent back camber line is carried out hydraulic reclamation, draining, compacting, is increased, and it highly is higher than high water mark water surface 3-5 rice, forms the crescent man-made island of bay towards the high wind wave;
(3) the unrestrained barrier of retaining is set in the dead ahead of crescent man-made island, the distance of keeping off unrestrained barrier to both sides cape line is a 300-500 rice; Use the cement components block and the cubic meter of stone, perhaps drop into obsolete vessel, used car or tire (use on demand among the three any one or a few) again and throw to fill out to throw and fill out, form the unrestrained barrier of retaining; The 1/3-2/3 that to keep off unrestrained barrier length be both sides cape wire length.
The present invention builds crescent man-made island at the seashore neritic zone; Utilize the characteristics that crescent man-made island cape is outstanding, the bay is recessed; Application cape wave energy spoke gathers, the principle of bay wave energy divergence; Carry out crescent man-made island construction, make it form sandy beach, crescent bay, but but realize that reef fishing, gulf can swim, carry on the back the ocean development new model of the comprehensive utilization at port, intensive development.The present invention is easy to operate, economize on resources, reduce investment.
Below technical scheme of the present invention is carried out detailed explanation.
One, tangential high wind wave of crescent man-made island and influence.
Crescent man-made island is because of the difference that supports or opposes of string; Utilize elemental amount and matter just different; And impel the sandy beach, bay to grow that to become big speed just different with man-made island, and cause the form of crescent man-made island to change even, also will there be the generation of the phenomenon of alluvial in the bay that has.This mainly is because of the direction of stormy waves and the power of stormy waves power, to the influence of crescent man-made island generation; Certainly, the size of crescent man-made island changes it also has certain effect.So, before constructing crescent man-made island, should select supporting or opposing of crescent man-made island string according to needs to building man-made island function, and the area of definite man-made island, thereby scientific and reasonable design made.The biggest factor that influences man-made island is the high wind wave, can in the environment of high wind wave influence, keep the crescent bay of safety and normal development, is the main purpose that the present invention constructs crescent man-made island.
When the string and the direction of strong wind of crescent man-made island is 90 ° of quadratures; What receive wave impact so at first is that crescent man-made island is stretched at pointed cape of the both sides moon foremost; When wave when cape produces reflection and diffraction in both sides; The inboard wave power congruence of cape is gone into positive next wave and is advanced to crescent bay, causes washing away strongly in the gulf.This scouring force not only from the incidence wave of the direct incident of wave, more also has refracted wave, back wave, diffracted wave, and their common mixing ripples of forming.
1, refracted wave
Generally, man-made island is built the neritic province domain of offshore in more.Crescent man-made island of the present invention also is based on the factors such as comprehensive utilization of seashore, build in apart from the not far phytal zone of seashore.When the high wind wave belonged to the phytal zone from arrive at man-made island than territory, deep water deep-sea, velocity of wave diminished, and peak line gradually equality forms wave refraction in water front, and wave height increases, and this shows that regular wave is to variation.
At crescent man-made island cape place, wave ray is spoke and gathers shape, and wave height increases because of refraction; Wave ray is the divergence shape in the crescent man-made island bay, and wave height reduces because of refraction.Gather place's wave energy at cape wave spoke and concentrate, cause strongly and wash away; And the bay wave divergence, wave energy is then disperseed relatively, and silting will be arranged.
2, diffracted wave
When wave runs into crescent man-made island cape, produce diffraction, a part of wave is walked around cape and is propagated laterally, and a part of wave is walked around cape and spread to crescent bay, and the formation scattering in the blasnket area.Under normal conditions, wave is an irregular wave, and its diffraction coefficient is big than the regular wave diffraction coefficient generally.Carry out numerical computations from the concrete fringe conditions of the tangential high wind wave of crescent man-made island, can confirm the most basic safety of crescent man-made island.
3, back wave
When tangential direction of strong wind, crescent man-made island cape place has wave incident at first and produces back wave; Also being crescent man-made island when the high wind wave with wave becomes two relative places of forward; Equal the angle of reflection principle according to angle of incidence, when direction of strong wind, cape place wave becomes righting reflex; Because incidence wave and back wave are interfered the formation composite wave each other; And have certain gradient, permeable degree, roughness and wave steepness at the cape place different, make wave incomplete reflection or wave energy in the process of reflection, energy loss arranged, and are not equal to the incident wave height so wave height is hit in the reflection of cape place.
According to above-mentioned several kinds of waveform analyses; The both sides cape of tangential direction of strong wind crescent man-made island and central area, crescent bay are vulnerable to wave cut most; And various waves wash away and are not single and independently carry out; Always under acting in conjunction, man-made island is washed away, various waveforms usually form composite wave, make the energy stack; Also, make energy loss because of the phase mutual interference in advancing of various waveforms.No matter but which kind of factor, because residing preceding peak position, cape two places, even the interference of refracted wave and back wave is arranged, what is called is the teeth of the storm, and the most serious washing away will be arranged; And in crescent bay, because back wave that the both sides cape forms and diffracted wave to the interference of gulf mouth advancing wave, add that the depth of water shoals in the gulf, Wave energy receives loss.But even the wave energy loss is arranged, to wash away down for a long time, the situation in the bay at the bottom of the beach also will be very severe.This also is decided by the size of gulf mouth; Make a slip of the tongue greatly in the gulf; Cape various wave interference in both sides are very little, and the wave that faces the gulf mouth is driven straight in, and the complex wave that both sides, crescent man-made island bay produce converges to the central area; Form the solitary wave of big wave height, will make to receive in the gulf and wash away strongly and heavy damage.
Two, the unrestrained barrier of retaining is to the effect of crescent man-made island.
The tangential direction of strong wind of crescent man-made island when promptly bay and wave are the 90o quadrature, had both made the mutual interference of various waveform generation phase, also made crescent bay receive the high-amplitude wave wave completely and washed away, and what energy was concentrated the most mainly is two capes and bottom, bay.According to normal conditions, gulf, crescent bay mouth is more little, relatively placidity just in the bay.This back wave and next advancing wave of diffracted wave frontal that mainly is the both sides cape produces forms strong interference, and the advancing wave wave energy is had than lossy at Wan Kou.But same, crescent bay is more little, and crescent man-made island area is just more little, can not make the man-made island of constructing produce scale effect, does not reach the purpose of intensive farming.If increase crescent bay, though the man-made island area is increased, the risk that receives wave cut also increases simultaneously.In view of the situation, and economize on resources in order to form, the development model of intensive farming, the present invention is provided with the unrestrained barrier of retaining, to stop the wave in crescent bay, reaches and both alleviates the washing away bay in, increases the effect of sandbank accumulation in the gulf again.
In sum, through keeping off the setting of unrestrained barrier, the good environment of a relatively placidity is provided, has obviously increased possibility and safety that crescent man-made island is constructed for the particularly crescent bay of crescent man-made island.The different waters and the meteorological condition of building to man-made island, so to the demand of man-made island difference in functionality, can influence big orientation at stormy waves several barriers are set more, the safety that strengthens man-made island more.Particularly from economizing on resources, convenient construction, guiding natural force and weaken wave to the washing away of crescent bay more effectively, can adopt a plurality of forms that will keep off unrestrained barrier combination, form that also can the crescent man-made island of little shape+unrestrained barrier of retaining forms artificial archipelago.That is to say that carrying out earlier with the barrier action is main little crescent man-made island construction, builds the big crescent man-made island of back again, so analogizes, and forms crescent artificial archipelago.
The key technology that crescent man-made island is constructed is crescent man-made island cape and the setting of the unrestrained barrier of retaining and the construction of wave field.Crescent cape and the unrestrained barrier of retaining are that the crescent man-made island of decision is constructed and the safe most important condition as barriers, also are the keys that forms best wave field.
1, except the barriers material therefor is carried out the careful selection, design and construct the most scientific and reasonable barrier structure of crescent man-made island barriers according to condition elements such as the building man-made island marine site depth of water, wind direction, wave, morning and evening tides.
2, according to the natural conditions in building man-made island marine site and the scale of man-made island, confirm the scale of barriers, particularly confirm the construction height of barriers according to maximum tidal level wave height.
3, in order to utilize natural force to create best interactional condition for wave; Form optimal wave field; Will be according to the building size of man-made island; Confirm each barriers various waveforms and interactional optimum position and distance under the highest wave condition,, reach the optimum efficiency of silt nature deposition, accumulation and the dynamic equilibrium of crescent bay to form the area in maxima of waves shadow zone.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention.On behalf of the direction of strong wind wave, arrow run into the wave form varies of man-made island and the unrestrained barrier generation of retaining among the figure.
The specific embodiment
Following with reference to accompanying drawing, further describe concrete technical scheme of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art understands the present invention further, and do not constitute restriction to its right.
Embodiment 1.With reference to Fig. 1.A kind of crescent man-made island construction method, its step is following:
(1) is no more than 30 meters offshore shallow sea in the depth of water,, desilting carried out in the seabed of cape position, both sides handled by the cape position, both sides of the selected crescent man-made island of designing requirement; On the desilting processing basis, throw then and fill out, form the both sides cape that is higher than 3 meters of the high water mark waters surface with the cubic meter of stone and cement components block;
(2) behind the cape of formation both sides, the silt that is packed in bag is thrown and is filled out, and it is inboard to connect the both sides cape, forms crescent bay camber line; Connect the cape outside, both sides again, form crescent back camber line; Zone between crescent bay camber line and crescent back camber line is carried out hydraulic reclamation, draining, compacting, is increased, and it highly is higher than 3 meters of the high water mark waters surface, forms the crescent man-made island of bay towards the high wind wave;
(3) the unrestrained barrier of retaining is set in the dead ahead of crescent man-made island, the distance of keeping off unrestrained barrier to both sides cape line is 300 meters; Use the cement components block and the cubic meter of stone to throw and fill out, form the unrestrained barrier of retaining; Keeping off unrestrained barrier length is 1/3 of both sides cape wire length.
Embodiment 2.With reference to Fig. 1.A kind of crescent man-made island construction method, its step is following:
(1) is no more than 30 meters offshore shallow sea in the depth of water,, desilting carried out in the seabed of cape position, both sides handled by the cape position, both sides of the selected crescent man-made island of designing requirement; On the desilting processing basis, throw then and fill out, form the both sides cape that is higher than 5 meters of the high water mark waters surface with the cement building block body and the cubic meter of stone;
(2) behind the cape of formation both sides, the silt that is packed in bag is thrown and is filled out, and it is inboard to connect the both sides cape, forms crescent bay camber line; Connect the cape outside, both sides again, form crescent back camber line; Zone between crescent bay camber line and crescent back camber line is carried out hydraulic reclamation, draining, compacting, is increased, and it highly is higher than 5 meters of the high water mark waters surface, forms the crescent man-made island of bay towards the high wind wave;
(3) the unrestrained barrier of retaining is set in the dead ahead of crescent man-made island, the distance of keeping off unrestrained barrier to both sides cape line is 500 meters; Use the cement components block and the cubic meter of stone, drop into obsolete vessel, used car or tire again and throw and fill out, form the unrestrained barrier of retaining; Keeping off unrestrained barrier length is 2/3 of both sides cape wire length.
Claims (1)
1. one kind crescent man-made island construction method is characterized in that its step is following:
(1) is no more than 30 meters offshore shallow sea in the depth of water,, desilting carried out in the seabed of cape position, both sides handled by the cape position, both sides of the selected crescent man-made island of designing requirement; On the desilting processing basis, throw then and fill out, form the both sides cape that is higher than high water mark water surface 3-5 rice with the cubic meter of stone and cement components block;
(2) behind the cape of formation both sides, the silt that is packed in bag is thrown and is filled out, and it is inboard to connect the both sides cape, forms crescent bay camber line; Connect the cape outside, both sides again, form crescent back camber line; Zone between crescent bay camber line and crescent back camber line is carried out hydraulic reclamation, draining, compacting, is increased, and it highly is higher than high water mark water surface 3-5 rice, forms the crescent man-made island of bay towards the high wind wave;
(3) the unrestrained barrier of retaining is set in the dead ahead of crescent man-made island, the distance of keeping off unrestrained barrier to both sides cape line is a 300-500 rice; Use the cement components block and the cubic meter of stone, perhaps drop into obsolete vessel, used car or tire again and throw and fill out, form the unrestrained barrier of retaining; The 1/3-2/3 that to keep off unrestrained barrier length be both sides cape wire length.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100405964A CN102134843B (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2011-02-18 | Method for building crescent man-made island |
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| CN2011100405964A CN102134843B (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2011-02-18 | Method for building crescent man-made island |
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| CN102134843A CN102134843A (en) | 2011-07-27 |
| CN102134843B true CN102134843B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4648752A (en) * | 1985-08-29 | 1987-03-10 | Exxon Production Research Co. | Marine template retaining wall and method of construction |
| CN101736717A (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2010-06-16 | 浙江科技学院 | Method for river dredging and management and ait construction |
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2011
- 2011-02-18 CN CN2011100405964A patent/CN102134843B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4648752A (en) * | 1985-08-29 | 1987-03-10 | Exxon Production Research Co. | Marine template retaining wall and method of construction |
| CN101736717A (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2010-06-16 | 浙江科技学院 | Method for river dredging and management and ait construction |
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| CN102134843A (en) | 2011-07-27 |
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Granted publication date: 20120523 Termination date: 20130218 |