The prefabricated stressed template of a kind of composite material
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering construction field, refer in particular to a kind of one-body molded, lightweight, the prefabricated stressed template of high-strength, corrosion resistant composite material, specifically a kind of prefabricated stressed template of composite material that has template and primary structure member function concurrently.
Background technology
Template is the important construction tool that has a large capacity and a wide range in the reinforced concrete structure building.Economically, form work engineering accounts for reinforced concrete work expense 20%~30%, 30%~40% of the amount of labour used, about 50% of duration.Therefore promoting the technological progress of form work engineering, reduce propping up of template and tear the amount of labour used open, is the important channel of reducing the form work engineering expense, improving concrete engineering quality, also is an importance that advances China's Building technology progress.The traditional construction formwork of China mainly contains wooden form, steel form, steel wood hybrid template at present.The wooden form number of turnover is low, comes unstuck easily, plays drum, flakes, distortion.The steel form piece is many, and the big transportation of yielding and weight is inconvenient.It is veneer, the lumps of wood of main material that steel wood hybrid template adopts in a large number with timber, and utilization rate is low again, causes the destruction Of resources easily, and template system is system not, and site operation exists random, and steel pipe waste simultaneously is serious, labour demand is big, is unfavorable for the plant equipment installation.At the various defectives that above-mentioned construction formwork exists, utilizing the new material construction formwork is the important method of improving form work engineering, also is the important directions of following form work engineering development.
Common bridge engineering construction, often need set up support, as working platform, beam is installed on rack beam then, is followed closely base plate on the beam, the side template and the bridge deck base plate of girt strip is installed then thereon, whole process very complicated, engineering time and human cost are all than higher, and full framing has influenced the traffic conditions in the bridge construction simultaneously.Simultaneously, along with developing rapidly of modern industry science and technology, the clean factory of increasing electronics factory building has appearred, their span is generally bigger, and be strict with cleaning and be not stained with dirt, simultaneously air quantity, air-flow and humiture etc. all there are strict qualification, guarantee that the product of producing is still possessed high precision under suitable dust particle and noxious air content, constant temperature and constant humidity environment.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the defective that exists at existing mould plate technique, provide that a kind of speed of production is fast, one-body molded, convenience is arranged in construction, time and labour saving, attractive in appearance, anticorrosion, the prefabricated stressed template of composite material that cleans and have concurrently template and primary structure member function.
The objective of the invention is to solve by the following technical programs:
The prefabricated stressed template of a kind of composite material, comprise formwork, described formwork is the semi-enclosed cavity of upper opening, formwork is embedded with sandwich material, the longitudinal separation of the sidewall upper edge formwork semi-enclosed cavity of formwork is provided with shear connector, described shear connector is horizontally installed on the middle and upper part of formwork sidewall, and the sidewall of formwork is run through at the two ends of shear connector.
Described formwork be shaped as straight beam or nine-squares beam.
The semi-enclosed cavity inwall of described formwork is provided with protruded object.
Described protruded object be shaped as right angle protruded object or obtuse angle protruded object.
Described formwork and protruded object adopt the resin-based fibrous composite to make; Described resin-based fibrous composite comprises glass fiber and resin, glass fiber in the resin-based fibrous composite adopt single shaft to, twin shaft to, multiaxis to layout, the resin in the resin-based fibrous composite adopts unsaturated polyester (UP), vinylite, epoxy resin or phenolic resins.
Described sandwich material is light wood, foam or resin-based fibrous composite; Described light wood comprises paulownia wood, China fir and oak, and described foam comprises polyurethane foam and polyvinyl chloride foam, and described resin-based fibrous composite comprises glass fiber and resin.
Described shear connector adopts the indented bars or the steel pipe of stainless steel, and the two ends of shear connector are anchored at the sidewall outside of formwork with nut or welding.
Fill concrete in the semi-enclosed cavity of described formwork.
Be provided with reinforced frame in the described formwork semi-enclosed cavity, described reinforced frame is made up of steel bar stress that vertically is provided with along the formwork semi-enclosed cavity and the stirrup that is wrapped on the steel bar stress.
The present invention has following advantage compared to existing technology:
1, prefab form of the present invention has the function of template and primary structure member concurrently, need not the form removal operation in engineering; Formwork adopts lightweight, corrosion-resistant, resin-based fibrous composite that mechanical property is superior, is well positioned to meet the requirement of engineering that is subjected to force intensity big.
2, formwork production of the present invention is quick and convenient, one-body molded, can directly transport on-the-spot the use after produce in factory is finished to, and construction is laid conveniently, the time and labour saving.
3, formwork of the present invention can be made into different shapes such as straight beam or well beam according to the needs of actual engineering, satisfies the actual needs of different engineerings.
4, formwork surface aesthetic of the present invention, anticorrosion, cleaning are difficult for being stained with dirt, can fully satisfy the requirement of e-factory toilet to dust, air-flow etc.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is one of structural representation of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is two of a structural representation of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural representation when in the formwork cavity of the present invention reinforced frame being set;
Structural representation when accompanying drawing 4 is the resin-based fibrous composite for sandwich material of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 5 is one of straight beam formwork structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 6 is two of a straight beam formwork structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 7 is a nine-squares beam formwork structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 8 is a nine-squares beam transverse sectional view of the present invention;
The schematic diagram that accompanying drawing 9 uses in bridge engineering for straight beam of the present invention;
The schematic diagram that accompanying drawing 10 uses in bridge engineering for nine-squares beam of the present invention;
The schematic diagram that accompanying drawing 11 uses in Industrial Plant for nine-squares beam of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-formwork; 2-sandwich material; 3-protruded object; 4-shear connector; 5-concrete; 6-reinforced frame.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Shown in Fig. 1-8: the prefabricated stressed template of a kind of composite material, comprise formwork 1, formwork 1 is the semi-enclosed cavity of upper opening, be embedded with sandwich material 2 at formwork 1, vertical shear connector 4 that is horizontally installed on formwork 1 sidewall middle and upper part that also is arranged at intervals with in the sidewall upper edge of formwork 1 formwork 1 semi-enclosed cavity, adopt the indented bars of stainless steel or shear connector 4 two ends that steel pipe is made to run through the sidewall of formwork 1 and be anchored at the sidewall outside of formwork 1, be used for fill concrete 5 in the semi-enclosed cavity of formwork 1 with nut or welding.Also be provided with right angle or obtuse angle protruded object 3 on the semi-enclosed cavity inwall of formwork 1, formwork 1 and protruded object 3 all adopt the resin-based fibrous composite to make, wherein the resin-based fibrous composite comprises glass fiber and resin, glass fiber in the resin-based fibrous composite adopt single shaft to, twin shaft to, multiaxis to layout, the resin in the resin-based fibrous composite adopts unsaturated polyester (UP), vinylite, epoxy resin or phenolic resins; In addition when the concrete 5 that is provided with in the cavity is ordinary concrete, consider from the angle of stressed safety, also can in the semi-enclosed cavity of formwork 1, be provided with reinforced frame 6, reinforced frame 6 is made up of steel bar stress that vertically is provided with along formwork 1 semi-enclosed cavity and the stirrup that is wrapped on the steel bar stress, in order to strengthen the prefabricated stressed template strength of composite material of the present invention.
The sandwich material 2 that uses above can be light wood, foam or resin-based fibrous composite; In general use the interlayer in light wood and the foam-filled formwork 1, wherein light wood comprises paulownia wood, China fir and oak, and foam comprises polyurethane foam and polyvinyl chloride foam; But, can use above-mentioned resin-based fibrous composite to fill interlayer when for the rigidity that strengthens formwork 1 with when reducing the interface number of plies of formwork 1.Formwork 1 recited above and sandwich material 2 all are prepared from by vacuum guiding and forming technique.Generally speaking, the concrete 5 that is provided with in the cavity is foam concrete such as cement foam concrete, gypsum foam concrete, volcano grey matter cementitious materials foam concrete.
Above-mentioned described formwork 1 be shaped as straight beam or nine-squares beam.Does not extend to horizontal direction on the top that can be considered its semi-enclosed cavity of the formwork 1 of straight beam shape, the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram that is the prefabricated stressed template of straight beam type shown in Figure 2, the structural representation that is the prefabricated stressed template of straight beam type shown in Figure 5; The semi-enclosed cavity top of the formwork 1 that straight beam adopted in addition can be parallel continuous after horizontal direction is extended, also can get a kind of special straight beam form, structural representation as shown in Figure 6, this form also can be regarded be arranged in parallel surface layer that the back uses the resin-based fibrous composite identical with formwork 1 material to make of a plurality of straight beam shape formworks 1 as and be interconnected and make, and Fig. 8 can be considered the lateral cross section structural representation of the prefabricated stressed template of straight beam type of this special construction.The formwork 1 that nine-squares beam shape formwork 1 can be considered straight beam shape connects and the surface layer that uses the resin-based fibrous composite identical with formwork 1 material to make on the top of semi-enclosed cavity interconnects and makes along direction quadrature in length and breadth, the semi-enclosed cavity top that also can regard formwork 1 as links to each other in length and breadth after horizontal direction is extended and makes, Fig. 7 is the structural representation of nine-squares beam shape formwork 1, and same Fig. 8 also can be considered the nine-squares beam shape formwork edge cross section structure schematic diagram of direction in length and breadth.In the production of reality, no matter be protruded object 3 that is provided with on the formwork 1 of nine-squares beam and straight beam shape and the sandwich material 2 that is embedded with, the cavity inner wall and the shear connector 4 that is provided with, all can be one-body molded, produce fast.
Embodiment 1
Be illustrated in figure 9 as the schematic diagram that straight beam of the present invention uses in bridge engineering, when the prefabricated stressed template of composite material is used for bridge engineering, vertically get one and stride 9 meters of bridge lengths, laterally get 3.75 meters of bicycle road width, with the straight beam shape formwork 1 of some keep at a certain distance away vertically be held on bridge pier bearing pad after filled and process concrete 5 get final product.The formwork 1 that the resin-based fibrous composite is made is to be formed by glass fiber and resin solidification, formwork 1 embedded sandwich material 2 uses the paulownia wood core simultaneously, the right angle protruded object 3 of some is set in the semi-enclosed cavity of formwork 1, the material of right angle protruded object 3 is identical with formwork 1, form the adhesion strengths at interfaces in order to 5 backs of filled and process concrete in the semi-enclosed cavity that strengthens formwork 1 and formwork 1, and steel pipe shear connector 4 is set at a certain distance in the inside of formwork 1.
Embodiment 2
The schematic diagram that in bridge engineering, uses for nine-squares beam of the present invention as shown in figure 10, when the prefabricated stressed template of composite material is used for bridge engineering, vertically get one and stride 9 meters of bridge lengths, laterally get 3.75 meters of bicycle road width, the formwork 1 back filled and process concrete 5 of directly laying the nine-squares beam shape between bridge pier gets final product.The formwork 1 that the resin-based fibrous composite is made is to be formed by glass fiber and resin solidification, formwork 1 embedded sandwich material 2 uses the paulownia wood core simultaneously, the right angle protruded object 3 of some is set in the semi-enclosed cavity of formwork 1, the material of right angle protruded object 3 is identical with formwork 1, form the adhesion strengths at interfaces in order to 5 backs of filled and process concrete in the semi-enclosed cavity that strengthens formwork 1 and formwork 1, and steel pipe shear connector 4 is set at a certain distance in the inside of formwork 1.
Embodiment 3
Be illustrated in figure 3 as the cross section structure schematic diagram when in the formwork cavity of the present invention reinforced frame being set, when the prefabricated stressed template of composite material is used for bridge engineering, vertically get one and stride 9 meters of bridge lengths, laterally get 3.75 meters of bicycle road width, between bridge pier, directly lay the formwork 1 of nine-squares beam shape.The formwork 1 that the resin-based fibrous composite is made is to be formed by glass fiber and resin solidification, formwork 1 embedded sandwich material 2 uses the paulownia wood core simultaneously, the right angle protruded object 3 of some is set in the semi-enclosed cavity of formwork 1, the material of right angle protruded object 3 is identical with formwork 1, and steel pipe shear connector 4 is set at a certain distance in the inside of formwork 1, reinforced frame 6 is set in the semi-enclosed cavity of formwork 1 in addition, in order to strengthen the prefabricated stressed template strength of composite material of the present invention, directly build ordinary concrete 5 then and get final product.
Embodiment 4
The schematic diagram that in Industrial Plant, uses for nine-squares beam of the present invention as shown in figure 11, when the prefabricated stressed template of composite material is used for electronics factory building or toilet's engineering, getting the post distance is 9 meters, forming the square superstructure of 9m * 9m, is that the formwork 1 of 9 meters square nine-squares beam shape is held on back, quadrangular prism top filled and process concrete 5 by lifting and gets final product with the length of side.The formwork 1 that the resin-based fibrous composite is made is to be formed by glass fiber and resin solidification, formwork 1 embedded sandwich material 2 uses the paulownia wood core simultaneously, the right angle protruded object 3 of some is set in the semi-enclosed cavity of formwork 1, the material of right angle protruded object 3 is identical with formwork 1, form the adhesion strengths at interfaces in order to 5 backs of filled and process concrete in the semi-enclosed cavity that strengthens formwork 1 and formwork 1, and steel pipe shear connector 4 is set at a certain distance in the inside of formwork 1.
The part that the present invention does not relate to prior art that maybe can adopt all same as the prior art is realized.