A kind of method of calcining materials and machinery
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment of calcining materials, relate in particular to a kind of method and machinery that has the assembly type calcining materials of thermal storage equipment.
Background technology
Lime etc. are important material of construction, also are important source material metallurgical, chemical field, and prior art is to be raw material with rhombspar, Wingdale, adopts the shaft furnace lime kilning of band burning beam.The deficiency of process is like this: furnace gas mobile direction and building stones mobile are in the opposite direction in the shaft furnace, and promptly building stones move from the top down, and furnace gas flows from bottom to top; The air resistance of building stones is big, and furnace pressure is high, occurs the gas segregation phenomenon easily; It is inhomogeneous to cause Wingdale to be heated, and influences quality product.The applicant the patent No. be the utility model patent of ZL200320111077.3 disclose a kind of in the external heating type limestone kiln; The firing system of this limestone kiln is provided with combustion tube of furnace beam and peripheral burner, and combustion tube of furnace beam is provided with burner (burner), has solved the distribution of calcining zone flame and heat effectively; Improved efficiency of combustion; But combustion tube of furnace beam need cool off the beam body with heat-eliminating medium in the course of the work, not only slatterns some heats, and has increased equipment cost and process cost.The limestone kiln needs complete installation, is unfavorable for moving or changing, and also is unfavorable for the producing in serial form element of installation.
The applicant is the method and apparatus that the application for a patent for invention of 200810079931.X discloses a kind of lime calcining at number of patent application, and said device is made up of a plurality of kiln bodies, and arrangement mode is ring-like or matrix type or other form; Use solid fuels such as coal dust; Geseous fuel, or liquid fuel, or the propellant combination of solid, gas, liquid is in kiln or the combustion chamber internal combustion that is provided with separately; The high-temperature flue gas that produces is calcined kiln sodalime stone, and other kiln sodalime stone is carried out preheating.In the kiln body, be provided with air inlet beam and suction bar.The kiln top is provided with portable feeding device, can feed in raw material to each kiln in the system.Be provided with portable dumping device at the bottom of the kiln, its dumping device is connected with tapping channel, and the finished product ash of each kiln production is converged to together.This invention application has made full use of waste heat, saves the energy, has improved the thermo-efficiency of system, reduces production costs, and realizes large scale continuous prod.But this device is still the integration construction, does not realize the seriation assembling, exists the low deficiency of utility factor.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a kind of method of calcining materials, and energy is made full use of.Another object of the present invention provides a kind of machinery of realizing aforesaid method, improves the utilization coefficient of equipment, the convenient installation and use.
The method of calcining materials provided by the invention does, calcined material and fuel are placed incinerator, and bubbling air is calcined.Utilize the heat storage in the high-temperature flue gas heating thermophore after calcining, use heat storage liberated heat warm-up combustion-supporting air then; The hot gas preheating calcined material of cooling room cool lime product.Fuel is sent into calcining compartment through worm conveyor from the fuel feed bin of both sides, and the fuel feed bin is positioned at the both sides of calcining compartment.
Said calcined material is Wingdale, rhombspar, silicate or is main mixture etc. and the similar calcined material of above-mentioned substance with it; Said fuel is small-particle lump coal or carbon containing dressing pelletizing, solid fuel, liquid fuel, geseous fuel or its mixture; The dressing of said carbon containing dressing pelletizing (be called for short breathe shell) is limestone powder, rhombspar powder, silicate powder or is main mixture with it.Breathing shell inside is carbonaceousmaterial, or carbonaceous mixture, and mixture contains above-mentioned coating substance.The breathing shell both can provide all or part of of incinerating heat; Can be beneficial to calcination process again is easy to carry out; The diameter of breathing shell is changeable, and the size of its inner carbonaceousmaterial and dressing also can be changeable according to the reasons such as character of material, as adopts all or part of be liquid state, gaseous state or pulverized solid fuel; Can burner be set at the thermophore correct position when spraying into fuel, calcining compartment is heated.
The machinery of calcining materials provided by the invention mainly comprises: apparatus for feeding, preheating chamber, calcining compartment, cooling room, go out feed bin and exhaust emission system.Said machinery also is provided with thermophore and carbon containing dressing pelletizing feed bin, and heat storage is arranged in the thermophore, and thermophore is positioned at the both sides of calcining compartment, and an end of thermophore is connected with calcining compartment.Preheating chamber, calcining compartment, cooling room, thermophore, carbon containing dressing pelletizing feed bin and to go out feed bin be detachable member fit together through the assembling web member.The bottom of preheating chamber and calcining compartment is provided with Pneumatic reverse turning bed valve, can completely cut off gas and material when flap valve cuts out, can convey materials during unlatching.Cooling room is connected to preheating chamber, and the pneumatic outlet of preheating chamber is connected to blowdown system.The other end of thermophore is connected with blowdown system with gas blower through T-valve respectively.
As selection, thermophore is provided with the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber is positioned at an end that is connected with calcining compartment, and said combustion chamber is provided with burner, and burner is connected to the T-valve outlet.Heat storage in the thermophore is ceramic refractory or ferrous materials, heat storage be shaped as spherule, cuboid or cellular polyhedron.Carbon containing dressing pelletizing feed bin is connected to calcining compartment through worm conveyor.Be lined with flame-proof thermal insulation material in the connecting pipeline between preheating chamber and the cooling room.Blowdown system comprises flue gas blower fan, fly-ash separator, desulfurizer and chimney.Cooling room can be provided with, also can not be provided with suction bar, makes cooling gas at the cooling room uniform distribution through suction bar, optimizes cooling performance.Said suction bar outlet is connected to the connecting pipeline between cooling room and the preheating chamber, said mechanical process control, automated operation.The cross section of calcining compartment and cooling room, preheating chamber is circular, rectangle, does not get rid of other shape.
Contain CO through the thermophore exhaust gas discharged
2Concentration higher, the flue gas purifying carbon dioxide after udst separation and the desulfurization is used for basic industry etc.Or be used for intensive farming, becoming provides intensive farming CO
2The source.
The machinery of calcining materials of the present invention is used to calcine block Wingdale, rhombspar material, small-particle Wingdale, rhombspar material or powdered lime stone, rhombspar material, cement discharging calcining and magnesia material calcining etc.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is: 1. through the accumulation of heat and the heat release of thermophore, with the direct warm-up combustion-supporting air of heat of useless flue gas, the heat preheating calcined material with the cooling calcination product makes full use of waste heat, and fuel saving reduces energy consumption.2. make fuel with carbon containing dressing pelletizing, avoid adhesion between the fuel, Wingdale or rhombspar powder dressing can also be as calcination product.3. the machinery of calcining materials is detachable state, and each component devices is separately manufactured, and field assembly makes things convenient for transportation, installation, overhaul of the equipments and replacing, helps standardization and produces the calcining machine product seriation.4. utility factor is high, calcine effective, the quality product height.5. high-temperature gas and limestone material full contact, even avoid burning to burn with giving birth to, and the lime quality of production is good.6. available small-particle or pulverulent material are calcined.7. saved traditional bulky equipment with required fine coal powder process of coal calcination material and conveying thereof.
Description of drawings
The synoptic diagram of the machinery of Fig. 1 calcining materials of the present invention;
The synoptic diagram of the machinery of Fig. 2 another program calcining materials of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a circular configuration calcining compartment sectional view; ,
Fig. 4 is a rectangular configuration calcining compartment sectional view.
Wherein:
1-feeding unit, 2-preheating chamber, 3-carbon containing dressing pelletizing feed bin, 4-combustion chamber, 5-thermophore, 6-burner, 7-cooling blower, 8-cooling room, 9-discharge zone, 10-T-valve, 11-chimney, 12-desulfurizer, 13-fly-ash separator, 14---gas blower, the Pneumatic reverse turning bed valve of 16-, 17-calcining compartment, 18-flue gas blower fan, 19-discharge port, 20-worm conveyor, 21-building stones, 22-carbon containing dressing pelletizing, 23-case shape calcining compartment, 24-burning beam.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
Calcining materials of the present invention mechanical as shown in Figure 1 is by apparatus for feeding 1, preheating chamber 2, calcining compartment 17, cooling room 8, go out feed bin 9, discharge port 19, two thermophore 5, two carbon containing dressing pelletizing feed bins 3, air feed system and exhaust emission systems.Preheating chamber, calcining compartment, cooling room, thermophore, carbon containing dressing pelletizing feed bin and go out feed bin and apparatus for feeding and support equipment are detachable member, each assembly is fixedly installed togather through web member.Heat storage is arranged in the thermophore, and heat storage is the steel spherule.Thermophore is positioned at the both sides of calcining compartment, and an end is connected with calcining compartment, and the other end is connected with blowdown system with gas blower through T-valve 10 respectively.The bottom of preheating chamber and calcining compartment is provided with Pneumatic reverse turning bed valve 16, is used for regularly blanking.When cutting out, flap valve can completely cut off gas and material, and can convey materials during unlatching.Carbon containing dressing pelletizing feed bin is connected to calcining compartment through worm conveyor 20, carries carbon containing dressing pelletizing for calcining compartment and makes fuel.Cooling blower 7 is connected to cooling room 8, and cooling room is connected to preheating chamber 2, and the preheating chamber pneumatic outlet is connected to blowdown system.Blowdown system comprises flue gas blower fan 18, fly-ash separator 13, desulfurizer 12 and chimney 11.
The process of calcining materials machinery calcining materials of the present invention is: the calcined material Wingdale gets into preheating chamber 2 through apparatus for feeding 1; Hot gas behind cooling room cool lime product gets into the even preheating limestone material of preheating chamber by the road; Material after the preheating gets into calcining compartment 17 through Pneumatic reverse turning bed valve 16, and the carbon containing dressing pelletizing that acts as a fuel is transported to calcining compartment from carbon containing dressing pelletizing feed bin through worm conveyor 20 and calcines.Said carbon containing dressing pelletizing is a nuclear with the carbon dust ball, and outer coatings adds tackiness agent with limestone powder and is bonded.As shown in Figure 3, carbon containing dressing pelletizing 21 is fan-shaped distribution in the both sides of calcining compartment, and building stones 22 are positioned at the center of calcining compartment.The Pneumatic reverse turning bed valve of calcination product lime through the calcining compartment bottom gets into cooling room 8 and cools off, and cools off back lime through discharge zone 9, discharge port 19 dischargings.Combustion air gets into the combustion-supporting burning of calcining compartment by gas blower 14 air blast through the T-valve 10 in left side, the thermophore 5 in left side, and is broken with the outer coatings of temperature rising carbon containing dressing pelletizing in the combustion processes, fuel combustion calcined limestone material.High-temperature flue gas after the calcining arrives blowdown system through the thermophore 5 on right side, the T-valve 10 on right side.Heat storage in the smoke pre-heating thermophore, discharged flue gas drop to below 150 ℃, and flue gas is discharged into atmosphere through fly-ash separator 13, desulfurizer 12, flue gas blower fan 18 and chimney 11.After right side thermophore exit gas temperature reaches design temperature, T-valve 10 switching-overs of both sides, it is combustion-supporting that the thermophore 5 on combustion air T-valve 10, right side through the right side gets into calcining compartment, and the right side thermophore is emitted the heat warm-up combustion-supporting air.High-temperature flue gas after the calcining discharges to blowdown system through the thermophore and the left side T-valve in left side.Through the T-valve switching-over, the operation of both sides thermophore switch operation, hocket accumulation of heat and heat release are controlled the T-valve switching-over through the temperature of setting thermophore 5 outlet flue gases, and the temperature out of the thermophore that present embodiment is set is 150 ℃.Cooling air is sent into cooling room 8 by cooling blower 7, and the warm air after the cool lime gets into preheating chamber preheating limestone material by the road uniformly, discharges to blowdown system through pneumatic outlet then.The total system process control, automated operation.
Embodiment 2
Another embodiment of the present invention is as shown in Figure 2, and described thermophore 5 is provided with combustion chamber 4, and an end of combustion chamber is connected with calcining compartment, and the combustion chamber is provided with air burner 6, and the air burner is connected to the outlet of T-valve, and connecting pipeline is provided with valve.The left side burner is connected to the T-valve outlet on right side, and the burner on right side is connected to the T-valve outlet in left side.Cooling room is provided with suction bar 24, makes cooling gas at the cooling room uniform distribution through suction bar, optimizes cooling performance, and the suction bar outlet is connected to the connecting pipeline between cooling room and the preheating chamber.As shown in Figure 4, calcining compartment is a rectangular box shape body structure, and the both sides of case shape calcining compartment 23 are equipped with three worm conveyors respectively, and three shared carbon containing dressing pelletizing feed bins 3 of worm conveyor are carried dressing pelletizing fuel from carbon containing dressing pelletizing feed bin to calcining compartment.The part inflammable gas that in calcination process, produces comes out in combustion chambers burn from calcining compartment, and the flue gas that burning produces is with the flue gas preheating heat storage that comes out from calcining compartment.Both can burn the part inflammable gas that calcining compartment produces, make full use of heat energy, help environment protection again.Other structure and the operation of present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1, repeat no more.