CN102126721A - Purification and graphitization method of graphite material - Google Patents
Purification and graphitization method of graphite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102126721A CN102126721A CN2011101065438A CN201110106543A CN102126721A CN 102126721 A CN102126721 A CN 102126721A CN 2011101065438 A CN2011101065438 A CN 2011101065438A CN 201110106543 A CN201110106543 A CN 201110106543A CN 102126721 A CN102126721 A CN 102126721A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a purification and graphitization method of a graphite material, aiming at solving the technical problems of improving the quality of the graphite material, saving energy and reducing cost. The method comprises the following steps: putting a graphite product or a carbon product in a graphite crucible in a furnace body; heating to 900-1700 DEG C, and then introducing nitrogen or argon; continuing to heat to 1000-1950 DEG C, introducing chlorine and then continuing to rising the temperature to 1400-2300 DEG C; simultaneously, introducing bromine or a fluorine-containing gas, heating to 1800-3300 DEG C and then stopping heating; introducing the chlorine until the temperature is reduced to below 1000-2000 DEG C; and feeding nitrogen or argon lasting for more than 0-15 hours. Compared with the prior art, the ash content of the obtained graphite product is less than 0.00011%; electrical energy consumption is reduced; and the method has the advantages that the process is simple, the cost is low, the quality of the graphite product is stable, and energy is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the working method of a kind of working method of non-metallic material, particularly a kind of graphite material.
Background technology
Graphite material is in new technical field broad market prospect such as the energy, environmental protection, information, traffic, national defence.As the electrode materials of battery, the bipolar plates of fuel cell, flexible graphite sealing material, the coated material of electronic message unit, the stealth material of military equipment etc.The deep processed product of graphite material often has higher added value, but the deep processing method the highest link that is requirement.Graphitization technique is one of important method in the deep processing.Domestic main graphitization technique has serial graphitized and acheson graphiteization at present.After the eighties in 20th century, cascade graphitizing furnaces occurred, cause the concern of countries in the world with its advanced technology, it nearly all is the situation that adopts Acheson's type graphitizing furnace that its emergence has been broken in the greying production.Yet cascade graphitizing furnaces only is fit to the production of single big specification product, and technology is comparatively complicated, and the device that feeds gas generally is not set, and can't purify to finished product.So Acheson's type graphitizing furnace can not be substituted fully, and will in greying is produced, use, particularly occupied certain status in middle-size and small-size charcoal ink factory.Yet only there are cascade graphitizing furnaces and Acheson's type graphitizing furnace can't satisfy the needs of scale operation graphite.Especially prepare high-end lithium ion battery negative material, high purity graphite, graphite fibre etc., it is higher to graphited requirement, and the method for graphitizing of prior art can't satisfy its requirement to graphite material.
Summary of the invention
The purifying and the method for graphitizing that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of graphite material, the technical problem that solve are the quality that improves graphite material, and be energy-conservation and reduce cost.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of purifying of graphite material and method for graphitizing may further comprise the steps: one, graphite product or carbon product are put into the intravital plumbago crucible of stove; Two, the speed with 5～300 ℃/min heats up, and the temperature of plumbago crucible reaches 900～1700 ℃ in stove, with 1～5m
3The flow of/h feeds nitrogen or argon gas; Three, the speed with 5～300 ℃/min continues to heat up, and when temperature reaches 1000～1950 ℃, changes into 1～5m
3The flow of/h feeds chlorine; Four, continue again to be warming up to 1400～2300 ℃, simultaneously with 1～5m with the speed of 5～300 ℃/min
3The flow of/h feeds bromine gas or fluoro-gas, and fluoro-gas is freonll-11 or freon, stops heating when temperature rises to 1800～3300 ℃, changes with 1～5m again
3The flow of/h feeds chlorine and is reduced to below 1000～2000 ℃ to temperature, again with 0.1～5m
3The flow of/h is sent into nitrogen or argon gas, keeps obtaining graphite product greater than 0 to 15h.
Temperature of the present invention is reduced to below 1000～2000 ℃, again with 0.1～5m
3The flow of/h is sent into nitrogen or argon gas, keeps naturally cooling to below 100 ℃ greater than 0 to 15h.
The present invention is to the graphite product screening, except that magnetic.
Graphite product of the present invention is that fixed carbon content is at the natural graphite powder more than 85%, graphous graphite powder, microlite ink powder, coking coal, coke or Graphite Electrodes, carbon product are that fixed carbon content is at the carbon nanotube more than 85%, carbon fiber, needle coke or refinery coke.
Plumbago crucible of the present invention is 30 to 90 serial connections, and each plumbago crucible capacity is 50 to 300 liters.
Connect the distribution of current plate of graphite matter between the stove end electrode at body of heater of the present invention two ends, connect plumbago crucible between the distribution of current plate.
Plumbago crucible of the present invention is connected in series by pad, and pad is smeared the contact cream that is used to improve the end face electrical contact performance.
The transformer capacity of the used energising heating of body of heater of the present invention is for being not less than 1.6 ten thousand KVA, and voltage adjusting range is at 15V to 300V.
Be filled with thick metallurgical coke of 300～1000mm or refinery coke insulation material between plumbago crucible of the present invention and the body of heater, body of heater is made of the furnace wall on furnace bottom and the furnace bottom, bottom of furnace body pack into 200～1000mm thick metallurgical coke or refinery coke furnace burdening, metallurgical coke or refinery coke granularity are to 50mm greater than 0.
The end of the present invention, be provided with the ventilation carbon tube, one termination of ventilation graphite is gone in the body of heater, the other end connects chlorine pot, fluoro-gas jar, nitrogen pot, argon tanks and bromine gas tank through a collecting pipe, described chlorine pot, fluoro-gas jar, nitrogen pot, argon tanks and bromine gas tank are provided with valve and under meter, and collecting pipe is five to advance a connecting tube that outes.
The present invention compared with prior art; during greying, feed the protection of rare gas element or purifying gas, directly the graphite material in the stove is heated; material is heated evenly internally; the graphite product ash oontent that obtains is less than 0.00011%, and iron content is below 5ppm, and the pH value is 4.5～10.0; interlamellar spacing is at 0.3354～0.3365nm; grain-size Lc (002) is 200～1000nm, and magnetic substance content is less than 0.1ppm, and real density is at 2.20～2.26g/cm
3Method for graphitizing of the present invention adopts the plumbago crucible serial connection, charges into protection of inert gas in stove; the graphited while; feed purifying gas, greying or carbonizing treatment, purification process are united two into one, electric current is evenly distributed in electrode and graphite material during heating; shorten the production cycle greatly; simultaneously can avoid using resistance material to add thermogenesis and transmit heat, reduce power consumption, have that technology is simple, a graphite products steady quality, energy-conservation, advantage cheaply.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the equipment structure chart that the present invention adopts.
Fig. 2 is the A-A view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is the SEM figure after embodiment 1 graphitization technique is handled.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail.Purifying of the present invention and method for graphitizing, adopt following steps:
One, graphite product or carbon product are put into the intravital plumbago crucible of stove, graphite product is that fixed carbon content is at the natural graphite powder more than 85%, graphous graphite powder, microlite ink powder, coking coal, coke or Graphite Electrodes, carbon product are that fixed carbon content is at the carbon nanotube more than 85%, carbon fiber, needle coke or refinery coke.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the distribution of current plate 3 that connects graphite matter between the stove end electrode 2 at body of heater two ends, consecutive connects 30 to 90 plumbago crucibles 4 between the distribution of current plate 3, stove end electricity level 2 two ends are thrustors 1, each plumbago crucible 4 capacity is 50 to 300 liters, plumbago crucible 4 is by pad 5 serial connections, pad 5 is coated with the contact cream that is used to improve the end face electrical contact performance, the transformer capacity of the used energising heating of body of heater is for being not less than 1.6 ten thousand KVA, voltage adjusting range is at 15V to 300V, be filled with thick metallurgical coke of 300～1000mm or refinery coke 9 insulation materials between plumbago crucible 4 and the body of heater, body of heater is made of the furnace wall 6 on furnace bottom 8 and the furnace bottom 8, bottom of furnace body pack into 200～1000mm thick metallurgical coke or refinery coke 9 furnace burdenings, metallurgical coke or refinery coke 9 granularities are to 50mm greater than 0, furnace bottom 8 is provided with ventilation carbon tube 7, and a termination of ventilation carbon tube 7 is gone in the body of heater, and the other end connects chlorine pot 10 through a collecting pipe, fluoro-gas jar 11, nitrogen pot 12, argon tanks 13 and bromine gas tank 14.Chlorine pot 10, contain fluoro-gas jar 11, nitrogen pot 12, argon tanks 13 and bromine gas tank 14 and be provided with valve and under meter, collecting pipe is five to advance a connecting tube that outes.
Two, the speed with 5～300 ℃/min heats up, and the temperature of plumbago crucible reaches 900～1700 ℃ in stove, with 1～5m
3The flow of/h feeds nitrogen or argon gas.
Three, the speed with 5～300 ℃/min continues to heat up, and when temperature reaches 1000～1950 ℃, changes into 1～5m
3The flow of/h feeds chlorine.
Four, continue again to be warming up to 1400～2300 ℃, simultaneously with 1～5m with the speed of 5～300 ℃/min
3The flow of/h feeds bromine gas or fluoro-gas, and fluoro-gas is freonll-11 or freon, stops greying and send electrically heated when temperature rises to 1800～3300 ℃, changes with 1～5m again
3The flow of/h feeds chlorine and is reduced to below 1000～2000 ℃ to temperature, again with 0.1～5m
3The flow of/h is sent into nitrogen or argon gas, keeps greater than 0 to 15h time.
Five, naturally cool to below 100 ℃.
Six, sieve, remove magnetic and obtain graphite product.The ash oontent of graphite product is less than 0.00011%, and iron content is below 5ppm, and the pH value is 4.5～10.0, interlamellar spacing is at 0.3354～0.3365nm, grain-size Lc (002) is 200-1000nm, and magnetic substance content is less than 0.1ppm, and real density is at 2.20～2.26g/cm
3
Method of the present invention directly heats the plumbago crucible of charging, need not heat stopping composition, reduces the power consumption that causes because of the resistance material heat.Rate of heating is fast, and current density is big, stove inner core temperature height, the degree of graphitization height of product, quality product stable homogeneous.
Many plumbago crucible serial connections of the present invention, be different from conventional serial graphitized mode, graphitization temperature height not only, and can in graphitizing process, feed rare gas element and purifying gas, traditional acheson furnace and inner bunch graphitization structure are combined together, greying or carbonizing treatment, purification process are united two into one, and resulting product purity is higher, has reduced preparation cost.
The processing parameter of embodiment 1～6 and Comparative Examples is asked for an interview table 1.
As shown in Figure 3, embodiment 1 process graphitization processing method processed carbon nanotubes CNT, the surface topography homogeneous, through composition test, the carbon content height, iron level is low.
The product that method of the present invention prepares, ash content is tested according to " 4.3 " the determination of ash method in the GB/T3521-2008 graphite chemical analysis method; The KYKY2800B sem observation pattern that instrument Technology Dev Company Ltd. of section of section produces in the employing; Adopt PW3040/60X x ray diffractometer x test layer spacing and the Lc (002) of Dutch PANalytical X ' Pert, and with 30% Si (analytical pure) as interior mark; Adopt the real density of true density instrument test material; Adopt the U.S. OPTIMA of Perkinelmer Inc. 2100 DV inductive coupling plasma emission spectrographs test iron level and magnetic substance content; Adopt the PHS-3C type acidometer of Shanghai thunder magnetic instrument plant to carry out the test of pH value.
The test result of embodiment 1～6 and Comparative Examples is asked for an interview table 2.
The processing parameter of table 1 embodiment 1～6 and Comparative Examples
The test result of table 2 embodiment 1～6 and Comparative Examples
Claims (10)
1. the purifying of a graphite material and method for graphitizing may further comprise the steps: one, graphite product or carbon product are put into the intravital plumbago crucible of stove; Two, the speed with 5～300 ℃/min heats up, and the temperature of plumbago crucible reaches 900～1700 ℃ in stove, with 1～5m
3The flow of/h feeds nitrogen or argon gas; Three, the speed with 5～300 ℃/min continues to heat up, and when temperature reaches 1000～1950 ℃, changes into 1～5m
3The flow of/h feeds chlorine; Four, continue again to be warming up to 1400～2300 ℃, simultaneously with 1～5m with the speed of 5～300 ℃/min
3The flow of/h feeds bromine gas or fluoro-gas, and fluoro-gas is freonll-11 or freon, stops heating when temperature rises to 1800～3300 ℃, changes with 1～5m again
3The flow of/h feeds chlorine and is reduced to below 1000～2000 ℃ to temperature, again with 0.1～5m
3The flow of/h is sent into nitrogen or argon gas, keeps obtaining graphite product greater than 0 to 15h.
2. the purifying of graphite material according to claim 1 and method for graphitizing, it is characterized in that: described temperature is reduced to below 1000～2000 ℃, again with 0.1～5m
3The flow of/h is sent into nitrogen or argon gas, keeps naturally cooling to below 100 ℃ greater than 0 to 15h.
3. the purifying of graphite material according to claim 2 and method for graphitizing is characterized in that: to the graphite product screening, except that magnetic.
4. the purifying of graphite material according to claim 3 and method for graphitizing, it is characterized in that: described graphite product is that fixed carbon content is at the natural graphite powder more than 85%, graphous graphite powder, microlite ink powder, coking coal, coke or Graphite Electrodes, carbon product are that fixed carbon content is at the carbon nanotube more than 85%, carbon fiber, needle coke or refinery coke.
5. the purifying of graphite material according to claim 4 and method for graphitizing, it is characterized in that: described plumbago crucible (4) is 30 to 90 serial connections, and each plumbago crucible (4) capacity is 50 to 300 liters.
6. the purifying of graphite material according to claim 5 and method for graphitizing is characterized in that: connect the distribution of current plate (3) of graphite matter between the stove end electrode (2) at described body of heater two ends, connect plumbago crucible (4) between the distribution of current plate (3).
7. the purifying of graphite material according to claim 6 and method for graphitizing is characterized in that: described plumbago crucible (4) is by pad (5) serial connection, and pad (5) is coated with the contact cream that is used to improve the end face electrical contact performance.
8. the purifying of graphite material according to claim 7 and method for graphitizing is characterized in that: the transformer capacity of the used energising heating of described body of heater is for being not less than 1.6 ten thousand KVA, and voltage adjusting range is at 15V to 300V.
9. the purifying of graphite material according to claim 8 and method for graphitizing, it is characterized in that: be filled with thick metallurgical coke of 300～1000mm or refinery coke (9) insulation material between described plumbago crucible (4) and the body of heater, body of heater is made of the furnace wall (6) on furnace bottom (8) and the furnace bottom (8), bottom of furnace body pack into 200～1000mm thick metallurgical coke or refinery coke (9) furnace burdening, metallurgical coke or refinery coke (9) granularity is to 50mm greater than 0.
10. the purifying of graphite material according to claim 9 and method for graphitizing, it is characterized in that: described furnace bottom (8) is provided with ventilation carbon tube (7), one termination of ventilation graphite (7) is gone in the body of heater, the other end connects chlorine pot (10), fluoro-gas jar (11), nitrogen pot (12), argon tanks (13) and bromine gas tank (14) through a collecting pipe, described chlorine pot (10), fluoro-gas jar (11), nitrogen pot (12), argon tanks (13) and bromine gas tank (14) are provided with valve and under meter, and collecting pipe is five to advance a connecting tube that outes.
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| CN108516543A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-09-11 | 中钢集团新型材料（浙江）有限公司 | Potassium hexafluoromanganate and the antimony pentafluoride method that heat production fluorine gas purifies graphite altogether |
| CN108516544A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-09-11 | 中钢集团新型材料（浙江）有限公司 | It is electrolysed HF and KHF2Generate the method and system of fluorine gas purification graphite |
| CN108483441A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-09-04 | 中钢集团新型材料（浙江）有限公司 | Potassium hexafluoromanganate and the antimony pentafluoride system that heat production fluorine gas purifies graphite altogether |
| CN108545736A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-09-18 | 中钢集团新型材料（浙江）有限公司 | A kind of graphite purification method for adding fluoride salt into being formulated |
| CN109292768A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-01 | 湖南顶立科技有限公司 | A kind of high purity graphite powder and its purifying technique |
| CN109292769A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-01 | 湖南顶立科技有限公司 | A kind of high purity graphite powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN110451967A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-15 | 惠州市贝特瑞新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of elevated temperature vessel and preparation method thereof |
| CN110803697A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-18 | 安徽弘朗炭科技有限公司 | Graphitization and purification integrated furnace |
| CN111751311A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-09 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of graphite material for oxygen-nitrogen-hydrogen analyzer |
| CN111792641A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-20 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Graphite purification method |
| CN111841286A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-10-30 | 上海岚玥新材料科技有限公司 | Novel graphite purification residual waste gas treatment device and process |
| CN114014314A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-02-08 | 北京绿清科技有限公司 | Graphite powder multistage separate control deep purification method |
| CN115432696A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-12-06 | 嘉兴纳科新材料有限公司 | Purification process of carbon nano tube |
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Application publication date: 20110720 Assignee: The auspicious New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. of mountain Erich Siebert Assignor: Shenzhen BTR New Energy Material Co., Ltd. Contract record no.: 2013990000476 Denomination of invention: Purification and graphitization method of graphite material Granted publication date: 20130320 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20130807 |
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Address after: 518106 Gongming City, Guangdong province Guangming New District Office of the West community high and New Technology Industrial Park, building eighth, Patentee after: Beitrei New Materials Group Co., Ltd Address before: 518106 Gongming City, Guangdong province Guangming New District Office of the West community high and New Technology Industrial Park, building eighth, Patentee before: Shenzhen BTR New Energy Material Co., Ltd. |