CN102126022A - Constraint sintering die for controlling sintering deformation defect of powder metallurgical green body - Google Patents
Constraint sintering die for controlling sintering deformation defect of powder metallurgical green body Download PDFInfo
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- CN102126022A CN102126022A CN201110040207.8A CN201110040207A CN102126022A CN 102126022 A CN102126022 A CN 102126022A CN 201110040207 A CN201110040207 A CN 201110040207A CN 102126022 A CN102126022 A CN 102126022A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a constraint sintering die for controlling a sintering deformation defect of a powder metallurgical green body. The constraint sintering die (1) is internally provided with a right cone-shaped outer die (2) and a left cone-shaped outer die (3) which are respectively internally provided with a right inverted cone-shaped inner die (5) and a left inverted cone-shaped inner die (4). The matched conicity theta among the constraint sintering die (1), the right cone-shaped outer die (2) and the left cone-shaped outer die (3) is more than 15 DEG and less than 30 DEG, the matched conicity theta among the right cone-shaped outer die (2) and the left cone-shaped outer die (3) as well as the right inverted cone-shaped inner die (5) and the left inverted cone-shaped inner die (4) is more than 10 DEG and less than 20 DEG. The constraint sintering die can effectively control expansion or contraction distortion generated by a powder metallurgical blank in a sintering process and can improve quality and performance of a sintering body. The constraint sintering die is simple and reliable in use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of constraint sintering mold of controlling powder metallurgy blank sintering deformation defect.
Background technology
Sintering is the critical process of powder metallurgy, but the powder metallurgy base substrate is in sintering process, defectives such as hole/cavity, distortion even crackle appear owing to the physics of base substrate or chemical reaction produce volumetric expansion, particularly can generation in sintering process from the powdered metallurgical material of chemical reactions such as climing combustion reaction; Perhaps base substrate is in sintering process, because initial density is lower, the appearance of liquid phase can produce that liquid phase flows or the moving of powder, and base substrate shrinks, cause because of base substrate shrink produce distortion [Huang Peiyun. the powder metallurgy principle. Beijing: metallurgical industry publishing house, 2004].These defectives can have a strong impact on the quality of sintered body and performance, reduction yield rate.
For the sintering grow defective of powder metallurgy base substrate, generally take the method for pressure sintering to eliminate.But the equipment that the pressure sintering method adopts all is main equipment, needs huge current control device, vacuum system and pressue device; The equipment manufacturing cost costliness, complicated operation, operation, maintenance and repair cost height; Different equipment needs different particular manufacturing crafts; Product size is subjected to the restriction of capacity of equipment, is difficult to prepare large-sized goods; The preparation cost height of material.Chinese patent, CN 101530916A, the sintering method and the mould of control powdered metallurgical material and goods sintering grow defective, disclose a kind of constrained sintering method and implemented mould, this mould is made up of constraint mould, taper external mold, taper internal mold and spacer, but this mould can only be controlled sintering grow, can not solve sintering contraction distortion problem.Chinese patent, CN 100537802C, a kind of method for preparing high dense TiAl-base alloy, disclose a kind of constraint mould, but effect of contraction is limited, and can only realizes radial constraint, the axial gland of design also has destruction to constraint radially, can't realize the control to sintering grow.
For the sintering contraction distortion, except adopting pressure sintering, also there is not better solution.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of powder metallurgy base substrate of can effectively controlling and produces expansion or shrink the constraint sintering mold of the control powder metallurgy blank sintering deformation defect of raising Sintered Quality and performance in sintering process.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the constraint sintering mold of control powder metallurgy blank sintering deformation defect provided by the invention, in the constraint mould, be provided with right taper external mold and left taper external mold, described right taper external mold and left taper external mold are to being split to form by a band end conically shaped integral shaft, the partitioning portion size designs according to the mould purposes, when being used for the control expansion, be of a size of 1～3mm, purpose is in order to adjust dies cavity size and base substrate dimensional discrepancy; When being used to control contraction distortion, design concrete size according to amount of contraction, purpose is to prevent that amount of contraction and controlled shrink space from not matching; Right taper external mold and left taper external mold bottom design a groove, to design concrete size according to amount of contraction, purpose also is in order to regulate shrink space, prevents that amount of contraction and controlled shrink space from not matching, and dies cavity size and base substrate dimensional discrepancy are adjusted in control when expanding.The tapering that cooperates between described constraint mould and described right taper external mold and the left taper external mold is 15 °＜θ＜30 °, in described right taper external mold and left taper external mold, be provided with right back taper internal mold and left back taper internal mold, the tapering that cooperates of right back taper internal mold and left back taper internal mold and right taper external mold and left taper external mold is 10 °＜θ＜20 °, described right back taper internal mold and left back taper internal mold are to being split to form by a band end back taper tube integral shaft, the partitioning portion size designs according to the mould purposes, when being used for the control expansion, be of a size of 1～3mm, purpose is in order to adjust dies cavity size and base substrate dimensional discrepancy; When being used to control contraction distortion, design concrete size according to amount of contraction, purpose is to prevent that amount of contraction and controlled shrink space from not matching; The refractory coating that contact-making surface brushing one deck that mould contacts with sintered body and base substrate and mould do not react prevents that base substrate and mould from reacting, and is conveniently stripped.
The manufactured materials of described constraint mould, right taper external mold, left taper external mold, right back taper internal mold and left back taper internal mold is stainless steel, nickel base superalloy or graphite.
The using method of control powder metallurgy blank sintering defective mould provided by the invention, the refractory coating that does not react at the mould inner wall brushing one deck that contacts with sintered body and base substrate and mould, the sintered body of die forming is put into the cavity of forming by right back taper internal mold and left back taper internal mold, right taper external mold and left taper external mold are buckled in right back taper internal mold, on the overall structure that left side back taper internal mold and sintered body are formed, will be by right taper external mold, left side taper external mold, left side back taper internal mold, the integral body that right back taper internal mold and sintered body are formed is put into the constraint mould, make its compression fit at the pressure that axially applies 50MPa～200MPa, put into sintering furnace then and carry out sintering according to the sintering process of determining.
Adopt the constraint sintering mold and the using method thereof of the control powder metallurgy blank sintering defective of technique scheme, in the sintering process of powder metallurgy base substrate, base substrate is applied three-dimensional constraint compression, base substrate is produced effect of contraction, limit it and produce sintering grow, control its sintering grow distortion.Design 15 °＜θ＜30 between constraint mould and right taper external mold and the left taper external mold and ° cooperated tapering; after finishing assembling, applying axially (A to) assembly force for right taper external mold and left taper external mold; right taper external mold and left taper external mold can produce radially (B to) active force; eliminate the gap between left back taper internal mold, right back taper internal mold, spacer and the sintered body; and make them produce compression each other, realize radially (B to) constraint.Owing to have action of compressive stress between right taper external mold, left taper external mold and left back taper internal mold, right back taper internal mold and the sintered body, can produce axial (A to) frictional force between right taper external mold, left taper external mold and left back taper internal mold, the right back taper internal mold, add that the tapering that cooperates with the taper external mold is 15 °＜θ＜20 °, can effectively limit left back taper internal mold, right back taper internal mold generation axial displacement, thereby the axial expansion in the restriction sintered body sintering process is realized axial constraint.By above-mentioned radially (B to) constraint and axially the acting in conjunction of (A to) constraint realizes the three-dimensional constraining effect.When base substrate produces contraction in sintering process, the compression that is applied to radially (B to) disappears, axially (A to) frictional force disappearance between right taper external mold, left taper external mold and left back taper internal mold, the right back taper internal mold, under the effect of mould gravity, left side back taper internal mold and right back taper internal mold, right taper external mold and left taper external mold will move down, cavity size is reduced and the holding chamber shape constant, thereby sintered body evenly shunk and keep shape invariance.According to sintered metal product physical and chemical performance and sintering temperature requirement, this mould can be selected different material manufacturings for use, as stainless steel, nickel base superalloy, graphite etc.
The sintering grow defective of powder metallurgy base substrate as hole/cavity, distortion even crackle etc., mainly is that physics or the chemical reaction owing to base substrate in the sintering process produces the result of volumetric expansion effect.The sintering of powder metallurgy base substrate shrinks, and mainly is because the result that original hole is eliminated in the sintering process.For powdered metallurgical material,, sintering realizes densified key method thereby being the metallurgical binding of eliminating powder interface, realization powder.Because the expansion that heat effect produces can make hole/cavity wherein expand, porosity increases the powder metallurgy base substrate, influences the metallurgical binding of powder in sintering process; The powder metallurgy base substrate is in sintering process, can produce physics, chemical processes such as diffusion, chemical reaction, the result of diffusion will cause a large amount of migrations of atom and room, empty gathering, and the result of chemical reaction will form new thing phase, change volume, thereby produce new hole.When the sintering liquid phase occurring, because flowing, liquid phase will cause powder to move, and phenomenons such as partial collapse, base substrate contraction appear, and base substrate will produce distortion because of sintering shrinks.Therefore, this expansion or contraction in the powdered metallurgical material sintering process have irreversibility, are the main causes that produces the sintering defective.In order to control the sintering grow rate of powder metallurgy base substrate, base substrate is applied three-dimensional effect of contraction power, limit it and produce sintering grow, realize the constraint sintering.When producing sintering and shrink, the cavity body of mould size reduce and the holding chamber shape constant, thereby the shape of sintered body remained unchanged and prevent sintering warpage.Basic principle of the present invention that Here it is.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect:
(1) the constraint sintering mold that utilizes the present invention to propose can effectively be controlled the sintering warpage defective of sintered body, and the densification process of material and sintering process can be carried out synchronously.Compared with prior art, effective shortened process reduces the preparation cost of material.
(2) the present invention can adopt normal sintering equipment to prepare the bigger powder metallurgy base substrate of diameter, thereby avoids using high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), hot pressing, and expensive technology such as pressure sintering and large-scale and complicated device can prepare the large scale goods.
(3) the designed mould of the present invention can adopt common used material, and mould can be repeatedly used, and the size of mould can be according to the sintered metal product size adjusting.
(4) the present invention has adopted separate type taper internal mold and external mold, and fastener-free is convenient to the base substrate demoulding behind the sintering.
(5) mould structure of the present invention is simple, is easy to processing, and is with low cost, helps large-scale production, has application promise in clinical practice.
In sum, the present invention a kind ofly can effectively control defectives such as expansion that the powder metallurgy base substrate produces, contraction distortion in sintering process, improve the constraint sintering mold of Sintered Quality and performance, and the using method of this mould is simple and reliable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a mould structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 and the specific embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1, in constraint mould 1, be provided with right taper external mold 2 and left taper external mold 3, right taper external mold 2 and left taper external mold 3 are to being split to form by a band end conically shaped integral shaft, the partitioning portion size designs according to the mould purposes, when being used for the control expansion, be of a size of 1～3mm, purpose is in order to adjust dies cavity size and base substrate dimensional discrepancy; When being used to control contraction distortion, design concrete size according to amount of contraction, purpose is to prevent that amount of contraction and controlled shrink space from not matching; Right taper external mold 2 and left taper external mold 3 bottom design a groove 8, to design concrete size according to amount of contraction, purpose also is in order to regulate shrink space, prevents that amount of contraction and controlled shrink space from not matching, and dies cavity size and base substrate dimensional discrepancy are adjusted in control when expanding.The tapering that cooperates between constraint mould 1 and right taper external mold 2 and the left taper external mold 3 is 15 ° of θ＜30 °, in right taper external mold 2 and left taper external mold 3, be provided with right back taper internal mold 5 and left back taper internal mold 4, the tapering that cooperates of right back taper internal mold 5 and left back taper internal mold 4 and right taper external mold 2 and left taper external mold 3 is 10 ° of θ＜20 °, right back taper internal mold 5 and left back taper internal mold 4 are with end back taper tube integral shaft to being split to form by one, the partitioning portion size designs according to the mould purposes, when being used for the control expansion, be of a size of 1～3mm, purpose is in order to adjust dies cavity size and base substrate dimensional discrepancy; When being used to control contraction distortion, design concrete size according to amount of contraction, purpose is to prevent that amount of contraction and controlled shrink space from not matching; The refractory coating 6 that contact-making surface brushing one deck that right back taper internal mold 5, left back taper internal mold 4, right taper external mold 2 and left taper external mold 3 contact with sintered body 7 and base substrate and mould do not react prevents that base substrate and mould from reacting, and is conveniently stripped.The manufactured materials of constraint mould 1, right taper external mold 2, left taper external mold 3, left back taper internal mold 4 and right back taper internal mold 5 is stainless steel, nickel base superalloy or graphite.
Referring to Fig. 1, using method of the present invention: at the right taper external mold 2 that contacts with sintered body 7, left side taper external mold 3, the die wall of left side back taper internal mold 4 and right back taper internal mold 5, the refractory coating 6 that brushing one deck and base substrate and mould do not react, then the sintered body 7 of die forming is put into the cavity of forming by right back taper internal mold 5 and left back taper internal mold 4, right taper external mold 2 and left taper external mold 3 are buckled in by right back taper internal mold 5, on the overall structure that left side back taper internal mold 4 and sintered body 6 are formed, will be by right taper external mold 2, left side taper external mold 3, right back taper internal mold 5, the integral body that left side back taper internal mold 4 and sintered body 6 are formed is put into constraint mould 1, make its compression fit at the pressure that axially applies 50MPa～200MPa, put into sintering furnace and carry out sintering.
The sintering of embodiment 1:TiAl intermetallic compound---sintering grow example
Adopt the Ti powder, particle diameter of the average grain diameter 43 μ m Al powder less than 100 μ m, by Ti: the Al atomic ratio is to carry out batch mixes at 1: 1, and die forming under the pressure of 400MPa～700MPa is made the base substrate that is of a size of φ 100mm * 15mm.Put into sintering furnace after putting it into mould shown in Figure 1 assembling then according to the method described above, carry out sintering according to the sintering process of TiAl alloy, the cubical expansivity of the sintered body of acquisition does not have defectives such as distortion, crackle less than 1.77%.
The sintering of embodiment 2:YG8 alloy---sintering shrinks example
The employing average grain diameter is that WC powder, the average grain diameter of 5 μ m is the Co powder of 2～3 μ m, for the YG8 alloy, prepares burden according to 92wt.%WC, 8wt.%Co, carries out press forming with 200MPa～500MPa pressure, prepares the base substrate of required size.Put into sintering furnace after putting it into mould shown in Figure 1 assembling then according to the method described above, carry out sintering according to the sintering process of YG8 alloy, the shrinkage factor of the sintered body of acquisition is defectives such as volume 16%～20%, no distortion, crackle and hole.
Claims (7)
1. constraint sintering mold of controlling powder metallurgy blank sintering deformation defect, comprise constraint mould (1), it is characterized in that: in described constraint mould (1), be provided with right taper external mold (2) and left taper external mold (3), in described right taper external mold (2) and left taper external mold (3), be provided with right back taper internal mold (5) and left back taper internal mold (4).
2. the constraint sintering mold of control powder metallurgy blank sintering deformation defect according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the tapering that cooperates between described constraint mould (1) and described right taper external mold (2) and the left taper external mold (3) is 15 °＜θ＜30 °, and the tapering that cooperates between described right back taper internal mold (5) and left back taper internal mold (4) and described right taper external mold (2) and the left taper external mold (3) is 10 °＜θ＜20 °.
3. the constraint sintering mold of control powder metallurgy blank sintering deformation defect according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described right taper external mold (2) and left taper external mold (3) are to being split to form by a band end conically shaped integral shaft, when being used for the control expansion, partitioning portion is of a size of 1～3mm.
4. the constraint sintering mold of control powder metallurgy blank sintering deformation defect according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: be provided with a groove (8) at described right taper external mold (2) and left taper external mold (3) bottom.
5. the constraint sintering mold of control powder metallurgy blank sintering deformation defect according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described right back taper internal mold (5) and left back taper internal mold (4) are to being split to form by a band end back taper tube integral shaft, when being used for the control expansion, partitioning portion is of a size of 1～3mm.
6. the constraint sintering mold of control powder metallurgy blank sintering deformation defect according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the refractory coating (6) that contact-making surface brushing one deck that mould contacts with sintered body (7) and base substrate and mould do not react.
7. the constraint sintering mold of control powder metallurgy blank sintering deformation defect according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the manufactured materials of described constraint mould (1), right taper external mold (2), left taper external mold (3), right back taper internal mold (5) and left back taper internal mold (4) is stainless steel, nickel base superalloy or graphite.
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| CN201110040207.8A CN102126022B (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2011-02-18 | Constraint sintering die for controlling sintering deformation defect of powder metallurgical green body |
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| CN201110040207.8A CN102126022B (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2011-02-18 | Constraint sintering die for controlling sintering deformation defect of powder metallurgical green body |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105458252A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-06 | 宜兴市吉泰电子有限公司 | Sintering mold for large-size power housing |
| CN106111992A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-16 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | The evenness of wall thickness of a kind of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) powder metallurgy thin wall component controls frock and method |
| CN110103320A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-08-09 | 广东皓明陶瓷科技有限公司 | Slot round ceramic container roll forming automatic assembly line and production technology |
| CN112170848A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2021-01-05 | 湖州机床厂有限公司 | Aluminum alloy powder swaging forming equipment and swaging forming method |
| CN114799176A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-29 | 中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所 | Die for pressureless sintering diamond reamer of intermediate frequency furnace |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN112170848A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2021-01-05 | 湖州机床厂有限公司 | Aluminum alloy powder swaging forming equipment and swaging forming method |
| CN114799176A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-29 | 中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所 | Die for pressureless sintering diamond reamer of intermediate frequency furnace |
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| CN102126022B (en) | 2013-02-27 |
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