CN102111129B - There is the signal generator of output noise semiotic function and the method for output noise signal - Google Patents
There is the signal generator of output noise semiotic function and the method for output noise signal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of signal generator 2 with output noise semiotic function, signal generator 2 comprises control unit 21, input unit 24, nonvolatile memory 22, waveform processing unit 25 and D/A conversion unit 26, input unit 24, nonvolatile memory 22 is connected with control unit 21 respectively with waveform processing unit 25, D/A conversion unit 26 is connected with waveform processing unit 25, nonvolatile memory 22 stores characteristic parameter 221, characteristic parameter comprises start number of times 222, the initial value that control unit 21 is associated with start number of times 222 for generation of one, waveform processing unit 25 is for utilizing initial value to produce pseudo-random number sequence, D/A conversion unit 26 is for carrying out digital-to-analogue conversion by pseudo-random number sequence.Signal generator 2 of the present invention improves user and produces the identical problem of noise when repeatedly using signal generator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-channel signals generator with output noise semiotic function, the randomness more much higher road signal generator of the noise of particularly a kind of output.
Background technology
Signal generator, as common driving source, has been widely used scientific research and Industrial Engineering field.A typical apply of signal generator is exactly simulate various signal in the lab, as the input stimulus of circuit under test and system, for the various performance index of test circuit under test and system provide simulated environment.Traditional signal generator is divided into four large classes by its signal waveform: (1) sinusoidal signal generator: be mainly used in the frequency characteristic of measuring circuit and system, nonlinear distortion, gain and sensitivity etc.; (2) function (waveform) signal generator: produce some specific periodically function of time waveform (sine wave, square wave, triangular wave, sawtooth waveforms and impulse wave) signal, except for except communication, instrument and automatic control system test, can also be widely used in other non-field of electric measurement; (3) pulse signal generator: the generator producing the adjustable rectangular pulse of width, amplitude and repetition rate, can be used for the transient response of p-wire sexual system, or be used as the performance that analog signal tests radar, multichannel communication and other pulse digit systems; (4) random signal generator: can be used for simulating the noise in actual operating conditions, introduces the random signal of generation and treats examining system, thus Analytical system performance; The additional known noise Signals & Systems internal noise of system under test (SUT) can to compare to measure noise factor; Sinusoidal or pulse signal can also be replaced, with Analytical system dynamic characteristic etc. by random signal.
Along with the develop rapidly of electronic technology, integrated level is more and more higher, and the basic function of above-mentioned four class signal generators all can roll into one by now general signal generator.Wherein, the production method of random signal has a lot, is broadly divided into two classes, and a class produces random noise with pure analog circuit; Another kind of is utilize microprocessor and software systems pseudo random sequence to produce random noise.Here the random noise mentioned all refers to white noise, has the coloured noise of special purpose by obtaining the filtering process of white noise.
Publication number is that the name of CN85102755A is called that the Chinese patent application prospectus of " multi-functional probabilistic signal generator " discloses a kind of multi-functional probabilistic signal generator.Briefly introduce the operation principle of multi-functional probabilistic signal generator disclosed in this patent below.Please refer to Fig. 1, two independently normal white noise source [1], [2], for generation of the white noise of normal distribution.Wei Buer the formation of noise circuit [3], for the formation of Wei Buer white noise.Log-normal white noise forms circuit [4], for the formation of log-normal white noise.Relevant waveshaping circuit [5] of making an uproar, to make an uproar ripple for the formation of various correlation.Power amplifier [6], the noise signal for producing exports after amplifying.Noise parameter test circuit [7], is used to indicate and exports the shape of Wei Buer white noise and the effective voltage value of scale parameter and other ripples of making an uproar.Switch element [8], [9], the selectivity realizing noise signal exports.
The normal white noise that two independent normal white noise sound sources [1], [2] produce, after being input to Wei Buer white noise formation circuit [3], become Wei Buer white noise to export through power amplifier [6], normal white noise is formed after circuit [4] through log-normal white noise, becomes log-normal white noise and exports through power amplifier [6].Above-mentioned three kinds of white noises are made an uproar after waveshaping circuit [5] effect and power amplifier through being correlated with, exportable corresponding relevant ripple of making an uproar.Switch element [8] is at above-mentioned three kinds of white noises, i.e. normal white noise, Wei Buer white noise, log-normal white noise, middle one of selecting is as the input of relevant wave circuit [5] of making an uproar or directly as the input of power amplifier [6], selected white noise or its correlated noise to send into power amplifier [6] circuit by switch element [9], export after amplifying.
Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of normal white noise source [1], [2].Wherein, D1 is Zener diode, is the critical component in this circuit.When Zener diode generation avalanche breakdown, much noise can be produced.Utilize this characteristic, allow Zener diode be operated in noise range, then the white noise currents transistor of generation is amplified, and do buffer stage with emitter follower, the white noise of normal distribution can be obtained.
But, utilize the reverse breakdown characteristics of Zener diode, require to control reverse breakdown voltage preferably.If the brownout loaded, then cannot reach the size of puncture voltage, thus reverse breakdown cannot occur, also just cannot produce noise; If the voltage loaded is excessive, then components and parts may be burnt out.Moreover, temperature also has impact to reverse breakdown voltage.When the temperature increases, reverse breakdown voltage can rise, and this impact is not Strict linear.This just increases more as Zener diode provides the difficulty of appropriate puncture voltage.
In addition, also there is following problem in the method for analog circuit generation random noise:
(1) Theoretical Design of analog circuit and actual gap are comparatively large, and actual needs spends a large amount of time to debug, and comprises the coupling work etc. of each discrete component, greatly can increase the project development time.
(2) antijamming capability of analog circuit is poor, when external interference is larger, often causes the reduction of performance.
(3), after Analog Circuit Design production definition, because its device model and position are all fixed, be difficult to adjust parameter as required.
Prior art is the problems referred to above overcoming analog circuit, and what often adopt is utilize microprocessor executive program to produce pseudo-random number sequence, then pseudo-random number sequence is carried out digital-to-analogue conversion generation random noise.Wherein, pseudo-random number sequence refers to: if a sequence, and on the one hand it is can be predetermined, and can duplication of production and reproduction; It has again the stochastic behaviour (i.e. statistical property) of certain random sequence on the other hand, and we just claim this sequence to be pseudo random sequence.
But the shortcoming of the method is, produce pseudo-random number sequence and consume processing time of microprocessor, and random sequence used is unsuitable long, this makes the cycle of random sequence be so limited and very limited, cannot approach random sequence truly.
For overcoming the shortcoming of above-mentioned two kinds of methods, prior art proposes a kind of method realizing pseudo random sequence generation based on programmable logic device.Introduce a kind of method utilizing FPGA to produce pseudo-random number sequence below.First, by being programmed in FPGA Inner Constitution n bit linear feedback shift register, programming can use VHDL language, Verilog language etc.Please refer to Fig. 3, this linear feedback thinks that register 1 comprises n the deposit unit a sequentially connected
0~ a
n-1, n-1 switch C
1~ C
n-1, n-1 XOR gate D
1~ D
n-1.Deposit unit a
0output be connected to deposit unit a
1input, deposit unit a
1output be connected to deposit unit a
2input, by that analogy to deposit unit a
n-2output be connected to deposit unit a
n-1input.Deposit unit a
n-1be connected to XOR gate D
n-1an input, XOR gate D
n-1output be connected to XOR gate D
n-2an input, with this type of to XOR gate D
1output be connected to deposit unit a
0input.Deposit unit a
n-2output through switch C
n-1be connected to XOR gate D
n-1another input, deposit unit a
n-2output through switch C
n-1be connected to XOR gate D
n-1another input, by that analogy to deposit unit a
0output through switch C
1be connected to XOR gate D
1another input.
For switch C
1~ C
n-1, being communicated with is then 1 to represent by value, and disconnection is then 0 to represent by value.In addition, C is increased
0=1 is used for representing XOR gate D
1output be connected to deposit unit a
0input, increase C
n=1be used for representing deposit unit a
n-1be connected to XOR gate D
n-1an input.Like this, above-mentioned C
0~ C
nvalue then reflect the feedback link state that linear feedback thinks register 1.The feedback link state of linear feedback shift register is described by polynomial f (x):
If this polynomial of degree n f (x) meets following condition:
(1) f (x) is irreducible polynomial (namely can not decompose the multinomial of factor);
(2) f (x) aliquot (xp+1), p=2n-1;
(3) f (x) indivisible (xq+1), q < p.
Then claim f (x) for primitive polynomial.
Theory is verified, when using the coefficient C of primitive polynomial
0~ C
nwhen being used as the feedback link state of linear feedback shift register 1, linear feedback shift register 1 can obtain m sequence.
M sequence is exactly a kind of conventional pseudo random sequence, and this sequence is moved also referred to as longest linear feedback and deposited sequence.M sequence is cycle of being produced by linear feedback shift register the longest a kind of sequence.If select n level linear feedback shift register, then the cycle of m sequence is (2
n-1) the individual clock cycle.That is, (2 are carried out at most
n-1) after secondary displacement, output sequence starts repetition, i.e. the maximum cycle of the sequence of n level linear feedback shift register 1 generation is (2
n-1).In one-period, the value in each deposit unit does not possess any periodicity, therefore, in one-period, can think that the output of n level shift register is random number.
Usually, can by the deposit unit a of afterbody
n-1value as output.Please refer to Fig. 4, the number that the value of getting wherein i deposit unit also can be appointed to be merged into an i position exports.
Such as, please refer to Fig. 5, primitive polynomial f (the x)=x of use
120+ x
113+ x
9+ x
2+ 1 as feedback link state configuration linear feedback shift register 1, then needs another n=120, by switch C
2, C
9, C
113conducting and other switches disconnect, and namely take out deposit unit a
1, a
8, a
112, a
119in value feedback carry out xor operation, and using operating result as deposit unit a
0input.
Again such as, please refer to Fig. 6, primitive polynomial f (the x)=x of use
25+ x
3+ 1 as feedback link state configuration linear feedback shift register 1, then needs another n=25, by switch C
3conducting and other switches disconnect, and namely take out deposit unit a
0, a
2, a
24in value feedback carry out xor operation, and using operating result as deposit unit a
0input.
When the initial value of each deposit unit of linear feedback shift register 1 is full 0, linear feedback network just loses effect, output sequence is 0 always, and therefore the initial value of shift register can not be 0, needs to give linear feedback shift register 1 one non-zero initial values.Generally speaking, the problems referred to above can be solved for linear feedback shift register 1 configures a fixing non-zero initial values.
But, linear feedback shift register 1 is under the condition of the non-zero initial values fixed, it is all from this fixing non-zero initial values that linear feedback shift register 1 powers on when starting to be shifted at every turn, again because the feature of pseudo-random number sequence is periodic, therefore, the pseudo-random number sequence exported after linear feedback shift register 1 powers at every turn is identical, and this is difficult to meet the requirement of user to noise signal randomness.
Summary of the invention
Producing the lower problem of the randomness of noise to solve prior art, the invention provides and a kind ofly produce the higher signal generator of noise randomness.
Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a kind of method producing the higher output noise signal of noise randomness.
A kind of signal generator with output noise semiotic function, described signal generator comprises a control unit, an input unit, a nonvolatile memory, a waveform processing unit and a D/A conversion unit, described input unit, described nonvolatile memory is connected with described control unit respectively with described waveform processing unit, described D/A conversion unit is connected with described waveform processing unit, described nonvolatile memory stores characteristic parameter, described characteristic parameter comprises start number of times, the initial value that described control unit is associated with described start number of times for generation of one, described waveform processing unit is used for utilizing described initial value to produce pseudo-random number sequence, described D/A conversion unit is used for described pseudo-random number sequence to carry out digital-to-analogue conversion.
For a method for the output noise signal of signal generator described above, comprise the steps: to produce the initial value be associated with the start number of times in the characteristic parameter of described signal generator; Utilize described initial value to produce pseudo-random number sequence; Described pseudo-random number sequence is carried out digital-to-analogue conversion.
The advantage of the method for signal generator of the present invention and output noise signal is: because signal generator produces an initial value be associated with start number of times, and number of times of starting shooting can change after each start powers on, therefore can ensure that the initial value obtained after signal generator is started shooting at every turn is different from the initial value obtained after last start, this improves user and produce the identical problem of noise when repeatedly using signal generator, make the randomness producing noise higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the modular structure schematic diagram of prior art signal generator.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram for normal white noise source [1], [2].
Fig. 3 is the modular structure schematic diagram that linear feedback thinks register.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that linear feedback thinks the another kind of way of output of register.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that linear feedback thinks a kind of feedback link state configuration of register.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that linear feedback thinks the another kind of feedback link state configuration of register.
Fig. 7 is the modular structure schematic diagram of the signal generator 2 of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the modular structure schematic diagram of the linear feedback shift register 251 of 120 of signal generator 2.
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of steps that signal generator 2 works.
Figure 10 is second embodiment of the invention signal generator operation principle schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Introduce the first execution mode of signal generator of the present invention below.
Please refer to Fig. 7, this signal generator 2 comprises a control unit 21, nonvolatile memory 22, interface unit 23, input unit 24, waveform processing unit 25 and a D/A conversion unit 26.Nonvolatile memory 22, interface unit 23, input unit 24, waveform processing unit 25 are connected respectively to control unit 21, and D/A conversion unit 26 is connected to waveform processing unit 25.
Control unit 21 be responsible for receiving and resolve command information that input unit 24 inputs, be responsible for control interface unit 23 carry out data transmission and accept work, control to read the data of preserving in nonvolatile memory 22 and storage work and responsible according to this command information to work such as waveform processing unit 25 and D/A conversion unit 26 are configured.Waveform processing unit 25 is responsible for the Serial No. of a generation corresponding output waveform, and D/A conversion unit 26 is responsible for described Serial No. to carry out digital-to-analogue conversion, and then exports the waveform of analog form.
In the middle of present embodiment, control unit 21 is made up of DSP, and nonvolatile memory 22 flash memory (FLASH) is formed, interface unit 23 comprises LAN, GPIB, USB, input unit 24 is made up of keyboard, and waveform processing unit 25 is made up of FPGA, and D/A conversion unit 26 is made up of DAC.
Please together with reference to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, waveform processing unit 25 has the linear feedback shift register 251 of 120 by programmed configurations, and linear feedback shift register 251 is with primitive polynomial f (x)=x
120+ x
113+ x
9+ x
2the coefficient of+1 configures.And low 14 that take out linear feedback shift register 251 export D/A conversion unit 26 to for digital-to-analogue conversion as Serial No..
Referring again to Fig. 7, store characteristic parameter 221 in nonvolatile memory 22, this characteristic parameter 221 comprises start number of times 222 and product ID 223.Start number of times 222 be that signal generator 2 start shooting the number of times powered on, and number of times 222 of starting shooting power down of often shutting down is started shooting and powered on once, and the value of number of times 222 of starting shooting just adds 1.Product ID 223 is this signal generator 2 one stationary digital, and the product ID 223 of any two these signal generator 2 products is all not identical.
After signal generator 2 start powers on, if signal generator 2 is configured to start acquiescence output noise state by input unit 24, or, if after user inputs an output noise order by input unit 24, signal generator 2 according to following works, please with reference to Fig. 7 to Fig. 9:
Step S1: control unit 21 produces an initial value be associated with start number of times 222 and product ID 223;
Control unit 21 reads start number of times 222 and product ID 223 from nonvolatile memory 22, produces an initial value identical with linear feedback shift register 251 figure place.In the present embodiment, start number of times 222 is a 32bit number, and such as current start can be expressed as 00000014 by hexadecimal number 20 times.Product ID 223 is a 72bit number, such as, be 000901040000020208.Be added in 00,000,014 000901040000020208 below can obtain 104 figure places, then by 00000014 above 16 mend 0, namely can obtain 120 initial values 000000090104000002020800000014.
As distortion, a high position of 00000014 can also be mended 1, namely can obtain 120 initial values 111100090104000002020800000014.
Step S2: waveform processing unit 251 utilizes described initial value to produce pseudo-random number sequence;
This initial value is sent to waveform processing unit 25 by control unit 21, and this initial value is loaded into linear feedback shift register 251 by waveform processing unit 25, and makes linear feedback shift register 251 start displacement, constantly produces pseudo-random number sequence.In the middle of the present embodiment, 0x000000000000000000000000000014 is loaded on 120 of linear feedback shift register 251, although can know by inference, the last initial value obtained of starting shooting is 0x000000000000000000000000000013, although two initial values only differ from 1, but because the position of consecutive number in pseudo-random number sequence is generally discontinuous, so just achieve the object of displacement diverse location from pseudo-random number sequence.
Step S3: this pseudo-random number sequence is carried out digital-to-analogue conversion by D/A conversion unit 26.
In the present embodiment, take out low 14 figure places in linear feedback shift register 251 each displacement late register, low 14 figure places of at every turn taking out are carried out digital-to-analogue conversion by D/A conversion unit 26, obtain continuous print analogue noise signal.
As distortion, according to actual needs, whole 120 figure places of linear feedback shift register 251 each displacement late register can also be taken out, also can take out the number of any register of linear feedback shift register 251 to carry out digital-to-analogue conversion.
The advantage of present embodiment signal generator is: the control unit 21 due to signal generator 2 produces an initial value be associated with start number of times 222 and product ID 223, and number of times 222 of starting shooting can change after each start powers on, the product ID 223 of every platform signal generator 2 is different again, therefore can ensure 2 points: one, the rear initial value obtained of start is different with the last rear initial value obtained of starting shooting at every turn for a signal generator 2; Two, the initial value that obtains under same start number of times of any two signal generators 2 is not identical yet.This improves user repeatedly using separately a signal generator 2 or using multiple stage signal generator 2 to produce the identical problem of noise simultaneously.
As variant embodiment, signal generator 2 just can start to perform step S1 and S2 after start powers on makes linear feedback shift register start displacement.After user inputs an output noise order by input unit 24, signal generator 2 performs step S3 and starts output noise.
The advantage of above-mentioned variant embodiment is: please refer to Figure 10, even if the initial value obtained when supposing 2 twice start of a signal generator or when two signal generators 2 are started shooting is identical, namely linear feedback shift register is displacement from the same position of m sequence, such as, be all t in Fig. 10
0moment starts from initial value D
0start displacement, but due to user be random by the time point of input unit 24 input and output noise order, as different time t after a signal generator 2 twice start
1, t
2the order of input and output noise or two signal generators 2 start shooting after different time t
1, t
2the order of input and output noise, again because m sequence is periodic, this makes t
1, t
2corresponding value D
1, D
2be different, therefore reduce further the possibility that output noise is identical.
Claims (10)
1. one kind has the signal generator of output noise semiotic function, it is characterized in that: described signal generator comprises a control unit, an input unit, a nonvolatile memory, a waveform processing unit and a D/A conversion unit, described input unit, described nonvolatile memory is connected with described control unit respectively with described waveform processing unit, described D/A conversion unit is connected with described waveform processing unit, described nonvolatile memory stores characteristic parameter, described characteristic parameter comprises start number of times, the initial value that described control unit is associated with described start number of times for generation of one, described start number of times upgrades when described signal generator is started shooting at every turn, described waveform processing unit is used for utilizing described initial value to produce pseudo-random number sequence, described D/A conversion unit is used for described pseudo-random number sequence to carry out digital-to-analogue conversion.
2. signal generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described characteristic parameter also comprises a product ID, and described initial value is also associated with described product ID.
3. signal generator according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described initial value equal described start number of times and described product ID group and.
4. signal generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after described signal generator powers on, described control unit produces described initial value, described waveform processing unit produces pseudo-random number sequence, after described input unit receives an output noise order, described pseudo-random number sequence is carried out digital-to-analogue conversion by described D/A conversion unit again.
5. signal generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described waveform processing unit comprises a linear feedback shift register for generation of M sequence, using the initial value of described initial value as described linear feedback shift register, described linear feedback shift register is constantly shifted and obtains described pseudo-random number sequence.
6., for a method for the output noise signal of signal generator as claimed in claim 1, comprise the steps:
Produce the initial value be associated with the start number of times in the characteristic parameter of described signal generator;
Described start number of times upgrades when described signal generator is started shooting at every turn,
Utilize described initial value to produce pseudo-random number sequence;
Described pseudo-random number sequence is carried out digital-to-analogue conversion.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described characteristic parameter also comprises a product ID, and described initial value is also associated with described product ID.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described initial value equals the combination of described start number of times and described product ID.
9. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: after described signal generator powers on, just perform step " produce an initial value be associated with start number of times " and " utilizing described initial value to produce pseudo-random number sequence ", after receiving an output noise order, perform step again " described pseudo-random number sequence is carried out digital-to-analogue conversion ".
10. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: describedly utilize described initial value to produce the step of pseudo-random number sequence to be: by described initial value as an initial value for generation of the linear feedback shift register of M sequence, described linear feedback shift register is constantly shifted and obtains described pseudo-random number sequence.
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| CN103677743B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2016-08-24 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | A kind of PN sequential parallel production method based on FPGA and device |
| CN105577177B (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2018-06-15 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of controllable frequency source of part frequency deviation phase noise |
| CN107561328B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-06-14 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of the signal data generation method and device of analog hardware |
| CN112307695B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2024-03-08 | 北京九天翱翔科技有限公司 | FPGA-based universal digital circuit fault simulation injection system and method |
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