CN102098192B - Cross-domain network measuring method based on web servers - Google Patents

Cross-domain network measuring method based on web servers Download PDF

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CN102098192B
CN102098192B CN 201110067046 CN201110067046A CN102098192B CN 102098192 B CN102098192 B CN 102098192B CN 201110067046 CN201110067046 CN 201110067046 CN 201110067046 A CN201110067046 A CN 201110067046A CN 102098192 B CN102098192 B CN 102098192B
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address
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website server
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CN102098192A (en
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包丛笑
李星
余坤
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a cross-domain network measuring method based on web servers. In the method, the web servers are utilized as measuring servers; multiple methods are used to collect information of the web servers in internet, web performances are sequenced and autonomous domains are adopted to cluster and manage the information of the web servers; an extensible domain name service is used to provide any IP address to carry out inquiry on an optimal web server in the autonomous domain at which the IP address is, and a web is created to provide search services by taking the information of the web servers as a center; and because the web provides downloading channels only and does not provide unloading channels, the web servers which are taken as the measuring servers can measure the network performances of the downloading channels only, and if the two-way performance of links needs to be measured, the measurement is required to be performed twice. The measuring method has the advantages that widely-distributed web servers are taken as the measuring servers, thus a process for deploying active measuring servers in a traditional network measuring method can be omitted, thereby realizing a possibility for measuring the network in the range of the whole internet.

Description

Cross-domain network measure method based on Website server
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of the computer network, particularly a kind of cross-domain network measure method based on Website server.
Background technology
The Internet of today is the huge system of a complexity, is the infrastructure of advanced information society, our everyone work and life of its behavioral implications.The behavior of the Internet is in constantly changing, and is unpredictable, wants to understand this network, only has by network measure.The effect of network measure is exactly network behavior is carried out characterization, indices is quantized and then fully understands and correct understanding the Internet that can say, network measure is the most effective approach of understanding network behavior.
According to different purposes, can measure the many kinds of parameters of network, comprise the capacity of time-delay, packet loss, link and available bandwidth, flow etc.In the measurement to various parameters, almost be impossible to the direct measurement of link available bandwidth, can only be by the measurement of other parameters being weighed indirectly the available bandwidth of link.
Distributed internet measurement server auto registration and management method (patent No. ZL200810094269.5) provide a kind of method of measuring server auto registration and management, after dispose measuring server, each measures between server and the management server automated communications to carry out network measure.The prerequisite of this method is to dispose in advance the measurement server, just can carry out the automatic measurement of link performance, if dispose to measure server on the link of wanting to test then can't test, this is a ubiquitous problem in the present network measure method.
Extendible internet measurement server is found to use name server (Domain Name System with management method (patent No. ZL200710065189.2) automatically, DNS) transmit the information of measuring server, its objective is for this reason IP place Autonomous Domain (Autonomouse System is shone upon in any IP address, AS) the best measurement server of interior performance, realize in two steps: the first step, the IP address is embedded nslookup, inquire about AS number that obtains this IP place by DNS, second step, with AS number embedding nslookup, again by the measurement server in this AS of DNS inquiry acquisition.The method need to could obtain final result through two steps, has increased the burden of dns server, has reduced search efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that (one) will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: when network measure, how to use existing Website server to replace traditional measurement server, and only need carry out to obtain the Website server of best performance in the AS once step DNS inquiry, thereby improved the efficient of network measure.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of cross-domain network measure method based on Website server, may further comprise the steps:
S1: central server gathers the site information of Website server on the Global Internet;
S2: the validity of the website that central server checking gathers, and deposit effective site information on it site information database;
S3: the user is by the site information of Website server in the DNS Help Center server, central server returns IP address and the domain name of the best Website server of performance in the Autonomous Domain AS of described IP place to arbitrary IP address, and the fastest website of speed of download is the best website of performance; Specifically comprise:
The user embeds nslookup with described IP address, carries out the DNS inquiry by the domain name service function in the central server;
After central server is received query requests, extract the IP address, the inquiry bgp routing table obtains AS number of place, described IP address;
Central server is inquired about described site information database, obtains the best Website server information of performance in the described AS, returns IP and the domain name of the best Website server of performance in the described AS by DNS;
S4: the communicating pair user utilizes the Website server information that obtains among the described S3 that network is carried out two-way link and measures.
Wherein, described step S1 specifically comprises:
The inquiry whois database comprises the Email address in the WHOIS record, parses the mail server in the Email address, and whether detect is Website server, and checking website validity; Or
Search the homepage of AS, use web crawlers to download the AS information page, extract the website domain name, and checking website validity; Or
Be called keyword with the AS name and utilize search engine to collect site information, detect front two pages of return results, and checking website validity; Or
The list of websites of using open directory project dmoz to provide, and checking website validity; Or
Receive the user submits new Website server to by predefined submission data-interface information.
Wherein, in the described site information database, IPv4 deposits in respectively in the different forms with the IPv6 website, and an information of the corresponding domain name of each list item of form as the associating major key, is respectively made index to each list item with IP address and domain name.
Wherein, the concrete mode of verifying the validity of the website that gathers among the described step S2 is: the domain name in the site information that collects sends the HTTP connection request, if connect and successfully download a complete page, illustrate that then domain name is effective Website server.
Wherein, described step S4 specifically comprises:
S41: user A find from A to B the IP address of each hop router of process;
S42: user A uses the DNS service, and the IP address of each hop router is mapped as Website server in the corresponding A S, notifies the user B Website server information in the AS;
S43: user B downloads the page of the Website server that obtains among the S42 successively, obtains one way link performance from user A to user B by downloading process, and the poorest one section of its performance is the link bottleneck;
S44: user B find from B to A the IP address of each hop router of process;
S45: user B uses the DNS service, and the IP address of each hop router is mapped as Website server in the corresponding A S;
S46: user A downloads the page of the Website server that obtains among the S45 successively, obtains one way link performance from user B to user A by downloading process, and the poorest one section of its performance is the link bottleneck.
Wherein, before depositing site information in database, also comprise among the described step S2 and sorted by the Website server performance in effective website.
Wherein, described site information comprises: IP address, domain name, AS number, homepage page-size and speed of download.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention is by gathering Website server information in the Global Internet scope, and deposit database in, after the DNS inquiry, directly in database, inquire about the best Website server of performance in this AS according to AS number that inquires about, only need a step to finish so that the IP address is mapped to the best measurement server of performance in the AS of this IP place, improved the efficient of network measure.Specifically:
The present invention need not to dispose in advance the measurement server, and the Website server that only need find out in the network of link place just can be measured, and becomes possibility so that carry out network measure in whole the Internet scope, has solved the problem that first patent exists.The method of using Website server to measure is from tested website downloaded pages, obtains the link available bandwidth by downloading process, and the data volume of measurement is decided by page-size, generally between 10K~1MB; Simultaneously, if do not have Website server in the Autonomous Domain that needs to measure, then can't carry out corresponding measurement.Compare with disposing the method for measuring server, the present invention has limited the data volume of measuring, but has enlarged greatly measuring range, has more Practical significance.Groundwork of the present invention is the Website server information that gathers in the Global Internet scope, and by extendible method site information is passed to the user.
The present invention adopts DNS to transmit Website server information equally, but query steps is kept to a step by two steps, the user embeds nslookup with any IP address, the measurement server of best performance in the AS of this IP place is directly returned in meeting of the present invention, the centre obtains AS number process and finishes at server end, need not the user and participate in, improved the efficient of second patent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of cross-domain network measure method flow diagram based on Website server of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a step inquiry mechanism of transmitting Website server information in the method for Fig. 1 by DNS, the querying flow figure as an example of the IPv6 inquiry example.
Fig. 3 is the network connection topology schematic diagram of the method for Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
The inventive method can be divided into three large steps: 1) Website server information gathering; 2) Website server information is transmitted; 3) twice measurement obtains the link bidirectional performance.Have in central server S deploy in the present embodiment:
The database function module is used for depositing Website server information;
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol Table, exterior routing protocol routing table) functional module imports the global bgp routing table of any AS inner boundary router, realizes that the IP address is to the mapping of AS number;
The DNS functional module, the mapping function of AS number is arrived in the IP address of using the BGP functional module to provide, analysis service to domain name * .ip2server.sasm4.net and * .ip6server.sasm4.net is provided, and two domain names are responsible for respectively IPv4 address and IPv6 address to the mapping of the interior Website server information of same Autonomous Domain;
The HTTP functional module provides diversified inquiry service with the mode of website.
The flow chart of the method for the invention comprises as shown in Figure 1:
Step S101, the site information of Website server on the collection Global Internet, site information comprises: IP address, domain name, AS number, homepage page-size, homepage downloading rate.Site information is listed with the form of domain name tabulation.IP address and domain name are used for unique identification one station server jointly.Be used for the managing web server info for AS number, server is carried out cluster.Homepage page-size and downloading rate are used for the identification server performance.Acquisition mode specifically comprises following 5 kinds:
1, inquiry whois database, WHOIS (pronounces " Who is ", but not abbreviation, the host-host protocol of the information such as the IP of nslookup and the owner) database provides the authoritative database of the information such as nslookup, IP prefix, AS number, by the AS information in the inquiry whois database, can obtain these AS administrative staff's Email address.After parsing the mail server in the Email address, deposit the domain name tabulation in.The limitation of this way is to obtain the mail server domain name, and a large amount of common net site servers are not mail server, and this method can't gather this part server info.
2, search each AS homepage, FixedOrbit is that the information that provides comprises the homepage of AS by the website that AS information is provided of non-profit organization's management.But not all AS has homepage, and the part website lost efficacy, so this method can only obtain part Website server information.
3, utilize search engine to collect site information, be called keyword search Google with the AS name, collect the Website server in front two pages of return results.This method can only passively be obtained server info, and controllability is not strong.
4, extensive style is searched, and extensive style is searched to mean and found out Website server as much as possible and do not consider whether these Website servers are distributed in different AS.The domain name source that native system uses is www.dmoz.org.This method can obtain a large amount of Website servers, but efficient is lower.
5, the user submits site information to.When the user finds an individual character can better Website server, can submit the information of this server to, central server deposits new Website server in the domain name tabulation in.This method uses the website to offer the interface of user's submission data.
Step S102, the domain name tabulation among the traversal step S101;
Step S103, the validity of the website that checking gathers, if effectively, then execution in step S104 if the invalid continuation of current site travels through above-mentioned domain name tabulation, finishes until travel through.
Step S104 deposits effective site information in the site information database.Above-mentioned 5 kinds of methods all can not obtain web servers all on the present the Internet, and cut both ways.In order to obtain maximum Website server information, the present invention has realized this Lung biopsy, and the domain-name information of collecting is deposited in the same site information database.This method adopts MySQL as stored data base, and IPv4 is stored in respectively in the different forms with the IPv6 server, and an information of the corresponding domain name of each list item of form comprises:
Ip, the IP address of Website server is adopted DNS Protocol to resolve domain name and is obtained;
Webdomain, the domain name of Website server;
Asn, the AS number at the place, IP address of Website server;
Pagesize, by the page-size of the direct download site homepage of domain name, unit is byte (byte);
Bw, the speed of download during downloading web pages obtains divided by download time with page-size, and unit is byte per second (B/s).Speed of download is for weighing the foundation of server performance, and speed of download is faster, and performance is better.
Table 1 is tableau format and the partial data of storing IP v4 Website server, and it is as follows to select in the AS4538 five different Website servers of best performance by the SQL query statement:
Database table lattice structure and the sample data of table 1 storing IP v4 Website server
Figure BDA0000051044860000071
For the ease of inquiring the information of the best Website server of performance, also comprise Website server depositing database after the ordering in by performance ranking.
Step S105, the site information by DNS transmission Website server is mapped as the best Website server of performance in the described IP place AS with arbitrary IP address, and the fastest website of speed of download is the best website of performance; Specifically comprise:
Central server S receives after the DNS inquiry first from extracting the IP address, finds under this IP AS number according to bgp routing table, then inquires about the MySQL database and obtains Website server information in this AS, at last this information returned.Wherein, IP finishes at center server to the inquiry of Website server to AS and AS, and the user only needs a step can realize the function of query web server.Generally use at present the technology of fictitious host computer, realize that an IP address provides the website service of a plurality of different domain names.This just causes only can't determining a Website server by the IP address, the domain-name information of this server also need be provided.Native system returns IP address and domain-name information simultaneously when returning Query Result, A or the AAAA class resource record among the DNS adopted in the IP address, and category-A represents the IPv4 address, and the AAAA class represents the IPv6 address; Domain-name information returns by the CNAME resource record.
In order to realize step inquiry, need the mapping of realization from IP to AS.Therefore the corresponding relation that contains IP address and AS number in the AS PATH attribute of bgp routing table item need to obtain bgp routing table to realize this mapping.The present invention selects the Routing Software Zebra that increases income to build bgp router, obtains in real time whole bgp routing table by communicating by letter with education network trunk bgp router.
The present invention selects open source software BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) that the DNS service is provided.User's inquiry is responsible for resolving and processing by BIND.For this reason, BIND need to obtain bgp routing table, namely realizes communicating by letter of BIND and Zebra, and this method is come communication between implementation process by shared drive.Routing table among the Zebra is left in the shared drive, and BIND access shared drive can obtain routing table.Obtained the affiliated AS of IP, BIND only need inquire about the MySQL database can obtain Website server information.
The user is when the query web server info, first the counter-rotating of IP to be checked address is embedded in the nslookup, the domain name of IPv6 is ip6server.sasm4.net, and the domain name of IPv4 is ip2server.sasm4.net, and the authoritative server of these two domain names is central server S.Fig. 2 is the querying flow figure as an example of the IPv6 inquiry example.The below is the use-case of IPv4 and IPv6 inquiry:
The IPv4 inquiry:
nslookup 1.1.111.166.ip2server.sasm4.net
Server:166.111.8.28
Address:166.111.8.28#53
Non-authoritative answer:
1.1.111.166.ip2server.sasm4.net canonical name=www.edu.cn.
Name:www.edu.cn
Address:202.205.109.205
Name:www.edu.cn
Address:202.205.109.208
Name:www.edu.cn
Address:202.112.0.36
The IPv6 inquiry:
nslookup-q=aaaa 250.2001.ip6server.sasm4.net
Server:115.25.86.250
Address:115.25.86.250#53
Non-authoritative answer:
250.2001.ip6server.sasm4.net canonical name=www.cau.edu.cn.
www.cau.edu.cn has AAAA address 2001:250:209:208::8025
As from the foregoing, Website server information can be correctly transmitted in the DNS service.The advantages such as the DNS service has and can expand, and load is light, but can only return limited information at every turn.For more information is provided, the present invention adopts the website that service is provided, as: domain name is search.sasm3.net.
Can step S106, central server judge whether inquiry is effective, namely extract correct IP address from inquiry, if invalid, execution in step S107, if effectively, execution in step S108.
Step S107, ignored request.
Step S108, inquiry MySQL database obtains the Website server information in this AS, preferably obtains the best server info of performance.
Step S109 returns Query Result, namely returns the best server info of performance in the AS.
Step S110 utilizes the HTTP functional module in the information of the more Website servers of website search.sasm3.net inquiry.The service that the website provides has:
Return all Website server information in the place AS of described IP address according to the IP address;
According to all Website server information of inquiring about in the described AS for AS number;
According to all the Website server information in the corresponding IP place AS of inquiry of the domain name domain name.
The user submits the interface of Website server information to.
The information of returning also comprises Dmoz and real-time measurement interface except website domain name and IP address.Above all functions are all supported IPv4 and IPv6 fully.
Step S111 utilizes the Website server information that obtains among described S109 and the S110 that network is carried out two-way link and measures.The below illustrates the principle of twice measurement as example take the network topology schematic diagram of Fig. 3.
User A and B lay respectively at AS1 and AS3, and A passes through AS1, AS2 to AS3 to the path of B, and B passes through AS3, AS4 to AS1 to the path of A.Two paths might overlap, and also may not overlap, and this is because the opening of the Internet determines, the route in each own zone of AS difference policies management, and this has just caused A not necessarily identical to the routing condition between the A to B and B.This reason has caused A different to the network link performance possibility of A from B to B just.For generality is more arranged, drawn the different situation of round route here.Web1~web4 is respectively the Website server that is deployed in each AS.
The first step, user A with the traceroute instrument find from A to B each hop router of process; The DNS service that second step, user A use native system to provide is mapped as Website server in the corresponding IP place AS with each hop router, and that user A obtains among this figure is exactly Web1, Web2 and Web3, and user A passes to user B with this information; In the 3rd step, user B uses the instrument such as wget successively from the Website server downloading web pages, can obtain the link performance from Web1, Web2 and Web3 to B, get wherein the poorest performance as A to the one way link performance between the B.In like manner, B adopts identical step, measures B to the link performance between the A.The process of Here it is bidirectional measurement.By measuring, the user can not only obtain A to the two-way link performance between the B, can also obtain the performance of each section link simultaneously, and the poorest link of performance is exactly the bottleneck place.
In some cases, only have a user to need the measure link performance, namely can't find out a partner user B at network to be measured.In this case, A uses native system, can measure the one way link performance, obtains to have the result of certain guidance meaning.
As from the foregoing, use the present invention can measure the two-way performance of end-to-end link, and find out the bottleneck place, and do not need to dispose any measurement server, the cost of paying is that user both sides will measure.If only have a side user, then can only measure the one way link performance.Compare to dispose and measure the required cost of server, the method that native system uses has more practicality.
Above execution mode only is used for explanation the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; in the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims (7)

1. the cross-domain network measure method based on Website server is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
S1: central server gathers the site information of Website server on the Global Internet;
S2: the validity of the website that central server checking gathers, and deposit effective site information on it site information database;
S3: the user is by the site information of Website server in the DNS Help Center server, central server returns IP address and the domain name of the best Website server of performance in the Autonomous Domain AS of described IP place to arbitrary IP address, and the fastest website of speed of download is the best website of performance; Specifically comprise:
The user embeds nslookup with described IP address, carries out the DNS inquiry by the domain name service function in the central server;
After central server is received query requests, extract the IP address, the inquiry bgp routing table obtains AS number of place, described IP address;
Central server is inquired about described site information database, obtains the best Website server information of performance in the described AS, returns IP and the domain name of the best Website server of performance in the described AS by DNS;
S4: the communicating pair user utilizes the Website server information that obtains among the described S3 that network is carried out two-way link and measures.
2. the cross-domain network measure method based on Website server as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described step S1 specifically comprises:
The inquiry whois database comprises the Email address in the WHOIS record, parses the mail server in the Email address, and whether detect is Website server, and checking website validity; Or
Search the homepage of AS, use web crawlers to download the AS information page, extract the website domain name, and checking website validity; Or
Be called keyword with the AS name and utilize search engine to collect site information, detect front two pages of return results, and checking website validity; Or
The list of websites of using open directory project dmoz to provide, and checking website validity; Or
Receive the user submits new Website server to by predefined submission data-interface information.
3. the cross-domain network measure method based on Website server as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the described site information database, IPv4 deposits in respectively in the different forms with the IPv6 website, an information of the corresponding domain name of each list item of form, as the associating major key, each list item is made respectively index with IP address and domain name.
4. the cross-domain network measure method based on Website server as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the concrete mode of verifying the validity of the website that gathers among the described step S2 is: the domain name in the site information that collects sends the HTTP connection request, if connect and successfully download a complete page, illustrate that then domain name is effective Website server.
5. the cross-domain network measure method based on Website server as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described step S4 specifically comprises:
S41: user A find from A to B the IP address of each hop router of process;
S42: user A uses the DNS service, and the IP address of each hop router is mapped as Website server in the corresponding A S, notifies the user B Website server information in the AS;
S43: user B downloads the page of the Website server that obtains among the S42 successively, obtains one way link performance from user A to user B by downloading process, and the poorest one section of its performance is the link bottleneck;
S44: user B find from B to A the IP address of each hop router of process;
S45: user B uses the DNS service, and the IP address of each hop router is mapped as Website server in the corresponding A S;
S46: user A downloads the page of the Website server that obtains among the S45 successively, obtains one way link performance from user B to user A by downloading process, and the poorest one section of its performance is the link bottleneck.
6. such as each described cross-domain network measure method based on Website server in the claim 1~5, it is characterized in that, before depositing site information in database, also comprise among the described step S2 and sorted by the Website server performance in effective website.
7. the cross-domain network measure method based on Website server as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that described site information comprises: IP address, domain name, AS number, homepage page-size and speed of download.
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CN108848205B (en) * 2018-07-27 2021-12-28 北京网瑞达科技有限公司 CNAME domain name resolution method for distinguishing IPv4 and IPv6
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