CN102098114A - Method and device for measuring signal-to-noise ratio of system - Google Patents

Method and device for measuring signal-to-noise ratio of system Download PDF

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CN102098114A
CN102098114A CN200910225450XA CN200910225450A CN102098114A CN 102098114 A CN102098114 A CN 102098114A CN 200910225450X A CN200910225450X A CN 200910225450XA CN 200910225450 A CN200910225450 A CN 200910225450A CN 102098114 A CN102098114 A CN 102098114A
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CN102098114B (en
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陈永健
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ZTE Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/20Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using signal quality detector

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring a signal-to-noise ratio of a channel. The method comprises the following steps of: extracting a Ranging subcarrier sequence which is received from a specified Ranging area from an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal received by a transmitting end; performing a correlation operation on the Ranging subcarrier sequence and a pseudo random code sequence generated locally to obtain a corresponding correlation sequence, and computing a power value of each sampling point in the correlation sequence; computing the received signal total power and the effective signal total power aiming at the Ranging subcarrier sequence according to the power value of each sampling point; computing to obtain a noise signal total power according to the obtained received signal total power and the effective signal total power; and obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio of the system according to the effective signal total power and the noise signal total power. Thus, computing resources of the system can be effectively saved, the execution efficiency of the system is improved and the performance of the system is also improved. The invention also discloses a device used for measuring the signal-to-noise ratio of the system.

Description

A kind of method of measuring system signal to noise ratio and device
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, particularly a kind of method of measuring system signal to noise ratio and device.
Background technology
At present, and OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM) technology is strong because of its ability of anti-multipath, and characteristics such as spectrum utilization efficiency height have been widely used in and have made in the middle of the 3 generation communication systems of back.In wireless communication system based on the OFDM technology, a very crucial technology promptly is adaptive modulation and coding (Adaptive Modulation and Coding) technology, adopt the adaptive modulation and coding technology can be according to channel condition information selecting modulation mode and coded system adaptively, thereby can improve throughput of system to greatest extent, guarantee target frame error rate.And to adopt the adaptive modulation and coding technology, just need measure the signal to noise ratio of system.
In the middle of traditional technical scheme, the method that adopts usually when carrying out snr measurement is: use the linear channel algorithm for estimating to estimate channel response, carry out then carrying out snr measurement according to compensation result again after the channel compensation.The required operand of this mode is very big, thereby has expended too much system resource to a certain extent, has reduced running efficiency of system, and then influences the entire system performance.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method and device of measuring system signal to noise ratio, in order to when the measuring system signal to noise ratio, saves system resource, improves running efficiency of system.
The concrete technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides is as follows:
A kind of method of measured channel signal to noise ratio comprises:
From the orthogonal frequency division multiplex OFDM signal that transmitting terminal receives, extract from the Ranging subcarrier sequence of specifying access code Ranging zone to receive;
Described Ranging subcarrier sequence and the local pseudo-random code sequence that generates are carried out related operation, obtain corresponding correlated series, and calculate the performance number of each sampled point in the described correlated series;
Calculate received signal gross power according to the performance number of each sampled point, and from each performance number, filter out the peak value sampling point, and calculate the useful signal gross power according to each peak value sampling point at described Ranging subcarrier sequence;
Calculate the noise signal gross power according to the received signal gross power and the useful signal gross power that obtain, and obtain system signal noise ratio according to this useful signal gross power and noise signal gross power.
A kind of device that is used for the measuring system signal to noise ratio comprises:
Signal processing module is used for extracting from the Ranging subcarrier sequence of specifying access code Ranging zone to receive from the orthogonal frequency division multiplex OFDM signal that transmitting terminal receives;
Power computation module is used for described Ranging subcarrier sequence and the local pseudo-random code sequence that generates are carried out related operation, obtains corresponding correlated series, and calculates the performance number of each sampled point in the described correlated series; Calculate received signal gross power according to the performance number of each sampled point, and from each performance number, filter out the peak value sampling point, and calculate the useful signal gross power according to each peak value sampling point at described Ranging subcarrier sequence;
The snr computation module is used for calculating the noise signal gross power according to the received signal gross power and the useful signal gross power that obtain, and obtains system signal noise ratio according to this useful signal gross power and noise signal gross power.
The embodiment of the invention is according to the particularity of using pseudo-random code sequence based on each channel in the wireless communication system of OFDM technology, performance number by the correlated series that Ranging subcarrier sequence and pseudo-random code sequence carried out obtain behind the related operation is analyzed, to obtain required system signal noise ratio.This method more can effectively be saved system's calculation resources compared to traditional signal-to-noise ratio measuring method based on channel estimating, compensation result, thereby the raising system carries out efficient, has also promoted systematic function.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the communication system architectural framework figure of OFDM technology in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a measurement mechanism functional structure chart in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 be in the embodiment of the invention measurement mechanism based on OFDM commercial measurement signal to noise ratio flow chart.
Embodiment
In wireless communication system based on the OFDM technology, when carrying out the system signal noise ratio measurement, in order effectively to save system resource, in the embodiment of the invention, from the ofdm signal that transmitting terminal receives, extract from the Ranging subcarrier sequence of specifying access code (Ranging) zone to receive; Again described Ranging subcarrier sequence and the local pseudo-random code sequence that generates are carried out related operation, obtain corresponding correlated series, and calculate the performance number of each sampled point in the described correlated series; Then, calculate received signal gross power according to the performance number of each sampled point, and from each performance number, filter out the peak value sampling point, and calculate the useful signal gross power according to each peak value sampling point at described Ranging subcarrier sequence; At last, calculate the noise signal gross power, and obtain system signal noise ratio according to this useful signal gross power and noise signal gross power according to the received signal gross power and the useful signal gross power that obtain.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the preferred embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.
Consult shown in Figure 1, in the embodiment of the invention, in the wireless communication system based on the OFDM technology, comprise some measurement mechanisms that are used to measure signal to noise ratio, in the practical application, measurement mechanism can have multiple example, as, base station, base station controller, back-stage management server or the like.In the present embodiment, wireless communication system based on the OFDM technology adopts the 802.16e standard, intrasystem each transmitting terminal (as, client) use length is 144 pseudo-random code sequence, promptly use the pseudo-random code sequence that comprises 144 modulation symbols (positive and negative 1), on data map to 144 subcarrier (being also referred to as the Ranging zone) with the needs transmission, to send data by the IFFT conversion again and be converted to time-domain signal, and obtain final base band time domain signal, and it is mail to network side by sewing before and after adding.So, the measurement mechanism of network side just can be measured system signal noise ratio according to the above-mentioned time-domain signal that receives.
Consult shown in Figure 2ly, in the embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned measurement mechanism comprises signal processing module 10, access code detection module 11 (being also referred to as Ranging detection module 11) and snr value computing module 12, wherein,
Signal processing module 19, be used for the received signal that obtains is gone prefix process, in a signal length, carry out fast Fourier (FFT) conversion again and obtain frequency domain data, and therefrom extract the subcarrier sequence of client by specifying the transmission of Ranging zone to come up;
As shown in Figure 2, specifically comprise prefix unit, FFT unit and Ranging subcarrier extraction unit in the signal processing module 10, wherein,
Go to the prefix unit, be used for the data that receive are gone prefix process, generate time domain data;
The FFT unit is used for converting the time domain data x (t) after handling to frequency domain data X (k);
Ranging subcarrier extraction unit is used for from all subcarriers, and the ranging subcarrier sequence that will receive from the ranging zone extracts according to the transmitting site of known transmitter, and other positions fill out 0;
Power computation module 11, the Ranging subcarrier sequence that is used for extracting is carried out related operation with the local pseudo-random code sequence that generates, and obtains corresponding correlated series, and calculates the performance number of each sampled point in the described correlated series; Calculate received signal gross power according to the performance number of each sampled point, and from each performance number, filter out the peak value sampling point, and calculate the useful signal gross power according to each peak value sampling point at described Ranging subcarrier sequence; Be specially: power computation module 11 searches out peak value, obtains peak power and peak from the Ranging subcarrier sequence that extracts, and obtain the gross power (being called received signal power) of above-mentioned Ranging subcarrier sequence and useful signal gross power and noise signal gross power according to peak power; On the other hand, power computation module 11, be used for that also above-mentioned Ranging subcarrier sequence is carried out Rang subcarrier sequence and carry out the Ranging sign indicating number and detect,, then export and comprise Ranging sign indicating number, Ranging code type, peak power, peak, average power among the result if detect the Ranging sign indicating number.
As shown in Figure 2, described power computation module 11 specifically comprises following unit:
The local code generation unit is used to produce local pseudo-random code sequence C (k), comprises length that the plurality of client end may use among the C (k) and be 144 Ranging sign indicating number;
First multiplier is used for local pseudo random sequence C (k) is carried out related operation with the Ranging subcarrier sequence that receives, for example, and conjugate multiplication;
The IFFT unit is used for the frequency domain data of first multiplier output is changed into time domain data, obtains time domain data rr (x);
The mould squaring cell is used to realize that time domain data rr (x) asks the side's of touching computing, promptly the real part and the imaginary part of rr (x) data is asked a square summation more respectively, thereby obtains the performance number of each sampled point;
The maximum value search unit is used to search for the maximum (being peak value) and the peaked position of each sampled point;
Accumulator is used to obtain the gross power of Ranging subcarrier sequence, is also referred to as the received signal gross power;
Peak value sample points search unit, be used to find out performance number reaches setting threshold above the part of average power sampled point, its power is also referred to as the peak value sampling point, and these peak value sampling points are exactly the power of multipath signal, just can calculate the useful signal gross power according to these peak value sampling points again;
The unit that adds up is used to calculate the useful signal gross power;
Subtract each other the unit, the received signal gross power of being tried to achieve is deducted the useful signal gross power, thereby obtain the noise signal gross power;
In addition, as shown in Figure 2, also comprise second multiplier and comparator in the power computation module 11,
Second multiplier is used to realize that average multiply by threshold operation, obtains average power threshold doubly;
Comparator, the average power threshold multiple proportions that is used for the output of the maximum that the maximum value search unit is tried to achieve and second multiplier, if the maximum power ratio average power threshold is doubly big, think this moment and detect a Ranging sign indicating number, in conjunction with the maximum value position that the maximum value search unit obtains, just can obtain the time adjusted value of Ranging sign indicating number;
In the present embodiment, second multiplier and comparator only just can use when detecting the Ranging sign indicating number.
Snr computation unit 12, be used for calculating the noise signal gross power according to the received signal gross power and the useful signal gross power that obtain, and according to this useful signal gross power and noise signal gross power acquisition system signal noise ratio (SNR), as shown in Figure 2, comprise and ask averaging unit and divider, wherein
Ask averaging unit, be used for received signal gross power and useful signal gross power are asked average calculating operation respectively, divider is used for the useful signal average power is obtained the SNR value divided by the noise signal average power.
Based on the said system framework, in the embodiment of the invention, the summary step that measurement mechanism is measured the signal to noise ratio of channel in the system is as follows:
Steps A: adopt the frequency domain correlation method to carry out access code and detect, utilize detected access code peak power, estimate the gross power of received signal at channel.
In Channel Detection, usually use detects based on the mode of the matched filtering of frequency domain correlation method, in order to reduce the operand of matched filtering, the operation that measurement mechanism detects the access code peak power among the present invention is transformed into frequency domain by the related operation with matched filter, and and local reference sequences multiply each other and realize; In view of the above, steps A can further be subdivided into following step:
Steps A 1: the ofdm signal that receives is gone to carry out the FFT computing after the prefix, thereby time-domain signal is transformed into frequency-region signal Rx (k).
Steps A 2: from Rx (k), extract the related operation that Ranging subcarrier sequence and the local pseudo-random code sequence that generates carry out sequence, obtain new sequence Rr (k).
Steps A 3: sequence Rr (k) is carried out inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) computing, obtain sequence rr (N).
Steps A 4:, obtain received signal gross power, average power, peak power and peak at the calculating that sequence rr (N) averages power and peak power.
Step B: the peak power that steps A is calculated, compare with average power, to reach the peak power of setting threshold as the peak value sampling point above average power, try to achieve the useful signal gross power by the peak value sampling point computing that adds up again, deduct the useful signal gross power by the received signal gross power again and estimate the noise signal gross power.
Step C: respectively useful signal gross power and noise signal gross power are averaged, obtain useful signal average power and noise signal average power, again both are carried out the signal to noise ratio that division arithmetic is promptly tried to achieve channel.
To achieve these goals, be that example describes with a concrete implementing procedure below.Consult shown in Figure 3, in the embodiment of the invention, after measurement mechanism receives the ofdm signal that end side sends from channel, as follows according to the detailed process that this ofdm signal is measured system signal noise ratio:
Step 300: after the ofdm signal that receives gone prefix process, carry out the FFT conversion again, obtain frequency-region signal Rx (k).Specifically can be expressed as formula 1:
Rx ( k ) = X ( k ) · Σ p = 0 P H p ( k ) · e j 2 πΔ n p · k N + N ( k ) Formula 1
Wherein:
X (k): the frequency domain of some code vectors on k carrier wave sends signal, and k is a natural number;
Δ n p: the timing offset of p multipath, p are natural number;
Hp (k): the frequency response of k channel, k is a natural number;
N (k): noise signal sequence;
N is a total number of sub-carriers;
P: multipath number.
Together, repeat no more under each meaning of parameters.
Step 310: from Rx (k), extract the Ranging subcarrier sequence that receives from the Ranging zone, and this Ranging subcarrier sequence and the local pseudo-random code sequence C (k) that generates carried out related operation (as conjugate multiplication), obtain one group of correlated series Rr (k).Specifically can be expressed as formula 2
Rr ( k ) = X ( k ) · C ( k ) Σ p = 0 P H p ( k ) · e j 2 πΔ n p · k N + N ( k ) Formula 2
Wherein, C (k) is the local pseudo-random code sequence that generates, and is modulated to positive and negative 1.
Step 320: the correlated series Rr (k) that obtains is carried out the IFFT computing, obtain time-domain signal, be called sequence rr (m).Specifically can be expressed as formula 3:
rr ( n ) = Σ k = 0 N - 1 ( X ( k ) · C ( k ) Σ p = 0 P H p ( k ) · e j 2 πΔ n p · k N + N ( k ) ) · e j - 2 πnk N Formula 3
Step 330: rr (n) is carried out peak value detect, calculate the performance number of each sampled point in the Ranging subcarrier sequence.Specifically can be expressed as formula 4:
By asking mould side to calculate the performance number of each sampled point, be specially rr (m):
P rr ( n ) = | Σ k = 0 N - 1 ( X ( k ) · C ( k ) Σ p = 0 P H p ( k ) · e j 2 πΔ n p · k N ) · e j - 2 πnk N + Σ k = 0 N - 1 N ( k ) · e j - 2 πnk N | 2 Formula 4
Step 340: determine the peak power and the peak of each sampled point, and the peak power and the setting threshold of each sampled point compared, will be greater than the peak power of setting threshold peak value sampling point as Prr (n).
Can be analyzed by formula 4 and to draw, in the time of X (k) and local pseudo random sequence code C (k) coupling, sequence Prr (n) is at n=Δ n pThe position a very big peak value can appear; And when X (k) and local pseudo random sequence code C (k) are unmatched because the their cross correlation of pseudo random sequence C (k), Prr this moment (n) relatively with bigger peak value can not appear.According to this characteristic, can detect the peak power that whether has in Prr (n) sequence greater than setting threshold, wherein, described setting threshold is relevant with Prr (n) sequence length, can confirm by emulation; If have peak power, just think to detect an access sequence that wherein, each peak value is exactly a multipath of an access sequence greater than setting threshold.
Step 350: selected peak value sampling point is added up, to obtain the useful signal gross power.
Can infer from formula 4, for the point of peak power in the middle of Prr (n) sequence greater than setting threshold, its energy and, promptly the useful signal gross power can specifically be expressed as formula 5:
Ps ≈ Σ p = 0 P | P rr ( Δ n p ) | 2 ≈ Σ p = 0 P | Σ k = 0 N - 1 H p ( k ) | 2 Formula 5
Formula 5 is exactly a multipath signal, i.e. the expression formula of useful signal gross power.Prr (n) is at n=Δ n pThe position a very big peak value can appear, and the position energy of peak value just in time is the energy of useful signal.
Step 360: calculate the received signal gross power, i.e. the gross power of Ranging subcarrier sequence.Step 360 also can be carried out before step 340, promptly calculated the received signal gross power earlier, calculated the useful signal gross power again.
Because local pseudo-random code sequence C (k) modulation symbol of measurement mechanism is positive and negative 1, therefore to carry out the power of the correlated series that obtains behind the related operation constant with Ranging subcarrier sequence, equals the power of Ranging subcarrier sequence; And the IFFT conversion that frequency-region signal transfers time-domain signal to can not changed the performance number of signal, and therefore, the gross power of Prr (n) and received signal gross power equate, thus the gross power of Ranging subcarrier sequence can specifically be expressed as formula 6:
P a = Σ n = 0 N - 1 P rr ( n ) Formula 6
Step 370:, calculate the gross power of noise signal according to the received signal gross power and the useful signal gross power that obtain.
In the present embodiment, the noise signal gross power can specifically be expressed as formula 7:
P N=P a-P sFormula 7
Step 380: calculate signal to noise ratio snr according to noise signal gross power and useful signal gross power.
In the present embodiment, signal to noise ratio can specifically be expressed as formula 8:
SNR=Ps/Pn formula 8
Before carrying out above-mentioned steps 340-380/simultaneously/afterwards, can be according to the result of calculation of Prr (n), further obtain the average power of each sampled point, with the wherein maximum peak power comparison of sum of products of average power and threshold value, less than peak power value, then determine to detect the Ranging sign indicating number again as if the power product, carry user data in the Ranging subcarrier sequence that illustrative system receives, at this moment, need report calculating the system signal noise ratio that obtains in the step 380, so that follow-up management; If the power product is not less than peak power value, then determine not detect the Ranging sign indicating number, at this moment, do not need to report the detection failure with calculating the system signal noise ratio that obtains in the step 380.
In sum, in the embodiment of the invention, the performance number analysis by to the regional Ranging subcarrier sequence that receives of Ranging promptly can obtain system signal noise ratio.Compared to traditional signal-to-noise ratio measuring method based on channel estimating, compensation result, the method that present embodiment provides more can effectively be saved system's calculation resources, thereby the raising system carries out efficient, has also promoted systematic function.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the embodiment among the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if these in the embodiment of the invention are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the embodiment among the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.

Claims (10)

1. the method for a measured channel signal to noise ratio is characterized in that, comprising:
From the orthogonal frequency division multiplex OFDM signal that transmitting terminal receives, extract from the Ranging subcarrier sequence of specifying access code Ranging zone to receive;
Described Ranging subcarrier sequence and the local pseudo-random code sequence that generates are carried out related operation, obtain corresponding correlated series, and calculate the performance number of each sampled point in the described correlated series;
Calculate received signal gross power according to the performance number of each sampled point, and from each performance number, filter out the peak value sampling point, and calculate the useful signal gross power according to each peak value sampling point at described Ranging subcarrier sequence;
Calculate the noise signal gross power according to the received signal gross power and the useful signal gross power that obtain, and obtain system signal noise ratio according to this useful signal gross power and noise signal gross power.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, adopts formula Rr ( k ) = X ( k ) · C ( k ) Σ p = 0 P H p ( k ) · e j 2 πΔ n p · k N + N ( k ) Carry out described related operation; Wherein, Rr (k) is for carrying out the correlated series that obtains behind the related operation, and X (k) is that the frequency domain of some code vectors on k carrier wave sends signal, and k is a natural number, Δ n pBe the timing offset of p multipath, p is a natural number, Hp (k): be the frequency response of k channel, N (k) is the noise signal sequence, and P is the multipath number, and N is a total number of sub-carriers.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, and is described according to formula P rr ( n ) = | Σ k = 0 N - 1 ( X ( k ) · C ( k ) Σ p = 0 P H p ( k ) · e j 2 πΔ n p · k N ) · e j - 2 πnk N + Σ k = 0 N - 1 N ( k ) · e j - 2 πnk N | 2 Calculate the performance number of each sampled point.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, adopts formula P a = Σ n = 0 N - 1 P rr ( n ) Calculate described received signal gross power.
5. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, adopts P S ≈ Σ p = 0 P | P rr ( Δn p ) | 2 ≈ Σ p = 0 P | Σ k = 0 N - 1 H p ( k ) | 2 Calculate described useful signal gross power.
6. as each described method of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, in calculating described correlated series, after the performance number of each sampled point, further comprise:
Obtain the average power of each sampled point, the peak power with the sum of products appointment of average power and threshold value compares again, obtains comparative result.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that after obtaining system signal noise ratio, the product of knowing average power and threshold value according to described comparative result is during less than the peak power of appointment, determine to detect the Ranging sign indicating number, and described system signal noise ratio is reported.
8. a device that is used for the measuring system signal to noise ratio is characterized in that, comprising:
Signal processing module is used for extracting from the Ranging subcarrier sequence of specifying access code Ranging zone to receive from the orthogonal frequency division multiplex OFDM signal that transmitting terminal receives;
Power computation module is used for described Ranging subcarrier sequence and the local pseudo-random code sequence that generates are carried out related operation, obtains corresponding correlated series, and calculates the performance number of each sampled point in the described correlated series; Calculate received signal gross power according to the performance number of each sampled point, and from each performance number, filter out the peak value sampling point, and calculate the useful signal gross power according to each peak value sampling point at described Ranging subcarrier sequence;
The snr computation module is used for calculating the noise signal gross power according to the received signal gross power and the useful signal gross power that obtain, and obtains system signal noise ratio according to this useful signal gross power and noise signal gross power.
9. device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, after the performance number of described power computation module each sampled point in calculating described correlated series, obtain the average power of each sampled point, peak power with the sum of products appointment of average power and threshold value compares again, obtains comparative result.
10. device as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, after described snr computation module obtains system signal noise ratio, the product that the comparative result that obtains according to described power computation module is known average power and threshold value is during less than the peak power of appointment, determine to detect the Ranging sign indicating number, and described system signal noise ratio is reported.
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