CN102096102A - Digital modeling method for seismic exploration - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a digital modeling method for seismic exploration, which relates to the technical field of processing and explanation of petroleum seismic exploration data, and aims at the conditions that the picture quality of a paper structure diagram is poor and the contour line of the structure diagram is discontinuous, an interval automatic tracking algorithm is adopted to process the paper structure diagram.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil seismic exploration Data Processing and interpretation technique field, exactly relate to a kind of modeling method that the relief surface elastic wave is just being drilled that is applied to.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of China's economic, also increasing to the demand of petroleum-based energy, national correlation department has strengthened the dynamics and the range of petroleum prospecting; Along with to the carrying out of mountain region seismic survey work with complicated earth surface structure,, also more and more higher to the accuracy requirement of geologic model in order to carry out the mountain region seismic prospecting more accurately, more targetedly.Therefore, how to provide the forward model that reacts the underground medium situation more really to become geophysics worker's vital task.By digitizing, then can obtain more truly to reflect the geologic model of subsurface picture, for the geophysics forward simulation provides technical support to the papery structrual contour.
Nearly ten years high speed developments along with computer hardware and software, our tectonic structure isogram is stored in the computer hardware with electronic format mostly at present, but with the geologic information that we geologist of previous decades gathers all is to store with the form of papery, and papery tectonic structure isogram is preserved and utilized has become our urgent problem.How to utilize again and spend the valuable material that a large amount of manpower and materials collect before us for many years and become current geophysics and important topic of geology subject.
The papery structural contour map scanning picture that the main target of papery structural contour map digitizing function just is based on different gray scales carries out the precise and high efficiency of isoline and follows the trail of automatically, to realize the digitizing of papery structural contour map, for seismic prospecting provides a kind of new modeling method, farthest excavate the practical value of historical summary simultaneously.The digitized difficult point of papery structural map is a problem of image recognition, and it belongs to the category of computer graphics, mainly contains following several disposal route at the computer graphics subject at this problem at present:
1, profile method of identification
At present for the general useful broken line segmentation of the extraction algorithm of profile more accurately of bianry image and to sectional curve match, polygonal approximation approach, method such as piecewise linear approximation, they all exist calculated amount big, the problem that arithmetic speed is slow.They can't be used in as inline graphics and discern under the application scenario that this class has relatively high expectations to real-time.Figure makes it generate a bianry image matrix (wherein visuals is entirely for white, and background parts for the ease of analyzing, all uses 1 to represent each point of visuals for black, and background dot is represented with 0) after being scanned into computing machine.Usually scanning is advanced the image of computing machine, pattern edge all can some little sawtooth, and the inner general cavity of not having, and also can not produce the edge noise of strip.
2, based on the neural network image recognition methods
Image recognition relates to a large amount of information computings, requires that processing speed is fast, accuracy of identification is high, and the real-time of neural network and fault-tolerance will meet the requirement of image recognition.Utilize improved BP neural network algorithm the rotational distortion image is located and to discern, improve algorithm the additional momentum item is combined with adaptive learning speed, suppressed network effectively and be absorbed in local minimum point, improved the training speed of network.
3, Hopfield network image recognition methods
1982, Hopfield proposed a kind of Feedback Neural Network model (HNN) [3-4], and the neural network of proof under high strength the connects synergy of depending on the collective can spontaneous generation be calculated behavior.By the successful solution of TSP problem, thereby open up neural network model newly turning up the soil in computer science is used, and be subjected to extensive concern and application.The Hopfield network had once been opened up new research approach for the development process of artificial neural network as a kind of neural network of full continuous type.It utilizes and different architectural feature and the learning methods of stratum's type neural network, and the memory mechanism of simulation biological neural network has obtained gratifying result.Although the Hopfield neural network is just to the rough of brain and simple imitation, no matter on function, on scale, all there has been bigger gap than real neural network.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention proposes a kind of modeling method that the relief surface elastic wave is just being drilled that is applied to, the present invention is based on the papery structural contour map scanning picture of different gray scales, according to papery structural contour map picture quality and the successional difference of isoline, realized the automatic tracking of papery structural contour map precise and high efficiency, automatically follow the trail of the digitizing that has realized the papery structural contour map after finishing, for seismic prospecting provides a kind of new modeling method.
The present invention realizes by adopting following technical proposals:
A kind of digital modeling method that is used for seismic prospecting, it is characterized in that: the picture quality at the papery structural map is poor, there is the discontinuous situation of being interrupted in the isoline of structural map, and adopts at interval automatic tracing algorithm that the papery structural map is handled, and treatment step is as follows:
(1), the scanning picture is carried out Flame Image Process, make isoline and background in the papery structural map have tangible aberration;
(2), the available point on the click isoline obtains the search starting point, isoline again as the tail point, are followed the trail of to former and later two directions of search starting point both as a point then in the search starting point that is obtained;
(3), before carrying out point search, the threshold value of four parameters is set, these four parameters are respectively pixel difference threshold value, dot spacing threshold value, search radius threshold value and angle threshold value, threshold value is a parameter value that program can be understood, and in search procedure, determines that these four threshold values are the program criterion, such as the radius threshold value, if be defined as 10, then when the next point of search, software only can be searched for interior radius 10; Pixel difference threshold value promptly is the gray scale ratio between point and the surrounding environment, if within the scope of setting, then think with a kind of medium, with the head point is the search starting point search, on the head point direction be the outwards pixel on the square of search given search radius scope at the beginning of entering program of center with the head point, radius generally can be set to 5-15, generally be made as 10, relatively in program user's allowed band, gray scale difference is traditionally arranged to be 50 to the gray scale difference of these pixels and central point.
If only there is the starting point of click in the isoline, then from qualified pixel, select gray-scale value to deposit in the line as second near the pixel of black;
If there are two pixels on the isoline at least, then from these qualified pixels, choose the pixel that meets the angle condition, be this pixel and the determined straight line of head point, minimum and less than the initial threshold value of setting, the distance of other pixel on this pixel and the isoline also is greater than certain threshold value simultaneously with the angle of the straight line that consecutive point constituted of head point and its front; After finding the pixel that meets these conditions, this pixel is joined in the line, the tracking of head point direction will be a starting point with this pixel next time;
(4), be search starting point search with the tail point, on the tail point direction be the outwards pixel on the square of the initial radius threshold value of setting of search of center with the tail point, relatively whether the gray scale difference of these pixels and central point in the allowed band of setting at first;
If only there is the tail point of click in the isoline, then from qualified pixel, select gray-scale value to deposit in the line as second near the pixel of black;
If there are two pixels on the isoline at least, then from these qualified pixels, choose the pixel that meets the angle condition, be that this pixel and tail are put determined straight line, minimum and less than the initial thresholding maximal value of setting, the distance of other pixel on this pixel and the isoline also is greater than certain threshold value simultaneously with the angle of the straight line that consecutive point constituted of tail point and its front; After finding qualified pixel, this pixel is joined in the line formation, and this point is set to the tail point starting point of following the trail of as next tail point direction;
When (5), tracking next putting, then repeating step (3) and (4) successively, if do not find qualified pixel in step (3) or the step (4), then change search radius, (3) or step (4) are searched for again set by step with current head point and tail point;
(6) if the threshold value of setting the user, and repeating step (3), (4) are when all can't find next point, then follow the trail of automatically and stop, automatically after tracking is finished, then obtain the numerical information of this papery structural contour map, finish the digitizing of papery structural contour map, the data of generation become the model data of seismic prospecting.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention reached is as follows:
Adopt the said step of the present invention (1) to (6), the technical scheme that forms, be particularly useful at the picture quality of papery structural map poor, there is the discontinuous situation of being interrupted in the isoline of structural map, realized the automatic tracking of papery structural contour map precise and high efficiency, automatically follow the trail of the digitizing that has realized the papery structural contour map after finishing, for seismic prospecting provides a kind of new modeling method.
And, especially adopt said step (2) among the present invention, (3) and (4) after, its great advantage is that the isoline that tracks out automatically can not produce fork, so just can overcome the problem that line that scanning occurs on the picture intersects.
Description of drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, wherein:
Fig. 1 is at interval automatic tracing algorithm process flow diagram.
Embodiment
The picture quality that the present invention is directed to the papery structural map is poor, and there is the discontinuous situation of being interrupted in the isoline of structural map, and adopts at interval automatic tracing algorithm that the papery structural map is handled, and treatment step is as follows:
(1), the scanning picture is carried out Flame Image Process, make isoline and background in the papery structural map have tangible aberration;
(2), the available point on the click isoline obtains the search starting point, isoline again as the tail point, are followed the trail of to former and later two directions of search starting point both as a point then in the search starting point that is obtained;
(3), before carrying out point search, the threshold value of four parameters is set, these four parameters are respectively pixel difference threshold value, dot spacing threshold value, search radius threshold value and angle threshold value, threshold value is a parameter value that program can be understood, and in search procedure, determines that these four threshold values are the program criterion, such as the radius threshold value, if be defined as 10, then when the next point of search, software only can be searched for interior radius 10; Pixel difference threshold value promptly is the gray scale ratio between point and the surrounding environment, if within the scope of setting, then think with a kind of medium.With the head point is the search starting point search, on the head point direction be the outwards pixel on the square of search given search radius scope at the beginning of entering program of center with the head point, radius generally can be set to 5-15, generally be made as 10, relatively whether the gray scale difference of these pixels and central point is in program user's allowed band, the gray scale difference scope is 40-60, and one class is made as 50.
If only there is the starting point of click in the isoline, then from qualified pixel, select gray-scale value to deposit in the line as second near the pixel of black;
If there are two pixels on the isoline at least, then from these qualified pixels, choose the pixel that meets the angle condition, be this pixel and the determined straight line of head point, minimum and less than the initial threshold value of setting, the distance of other pixel on this pixel and the isoline also is greater than certain threshold value simultaneously with the angle of the straight line that consecutive point constituted of head point and its front; After finding the pixel that meets these conditions, this pixel is joined in the line, the tracking of head point direction will be a starting point with this pixel next time;
(4), be search starting point search with the tail point, on the tail point direction be the outwards pixel on the square of the initial radius threshold value of setting of search of center with the tail point, relatively whether the gray scale difference of these pixels and central point in the allowed band of setting at first;
If only there is the tail point of click in the isoline, then from qualified pixel, select gray-scale value to deposit in the line as second near the pixel of black;
If there are two pixels on the isoline at least, then from these qualified pixels, choose the pixel that meets the angle condition, be that this pixel and tail are put determined straight line, minimum and less than the initial thresholding maximal value of setting, the distance of other pixel on this pixel and the isoline also is greater than certain threshold value simultaneously with the angle of the straight line that consecutive point constituted of tail point and its front; After finding qualified pixel, this pixel is joined in the line formation, and this point is set to the tail point starting point of following the trail of as next tail point direction;
When (5), tracking next putting, then repeating step (3) and (4) successively, if do not find qualified pixel in step (3) or the step (4), then change search radius, (3) or step (4) are searched for again set by step with current head point and tail point;
(6) if the threshold value of setting the user, and repeating step (3), (4) are when all can't find next point, then follow the trail of automatically and stop, automatically after tracking is finished, then obtain the numerical information of this papery structural contour map, finish the digitizing of papery structural contour map, the data of generation become the model data of seismic prospecting.
Claims (3)
1. digital modeling method that is used for seismic prospecting, it is characterized in that: the picture quality at the papery structural map is poor, there is the discontinuous situation of being interrupted in the isoline of structural map, and adopts at interval automatic tracing algorithm that the papery structural map is handled, and treatment step is as follows:
(1), the scanning picture is carried out Flame Image Process, make isoline and background in the papery structural map have tangible aberration;
(2), the available point on the click isoline obtains the search starting point, isoline again as the tail point, are followed the trail of to former and later two directions of search starting point both as a point then in the search starting point that is obtained;
(3), be search starting point search with the head point, on the head point direction be the outwards pixel on the square of the given search radius threshold value of search of center with the head point, whether the gray scale difference of these pixels of comparison and central point in given pixel difference threshold value;
If only there is the starting point of click in the isoline, then from qualified pixel, select gray-scale value to deposit in the line as second near the pixel of black;
If there are two pixels on the isoline at least, then from these qualified pixels, choose the pixel that meets the angle condition, be this pixel and the determined straight line of head point, minimum and less than given angle threshold value, the distance of other pixel on this pixel and the isoline also is greater than certain threshold value simultaneously with the angle of the straight line that consecutive point constituted of head point and its front; After finding the pixel that meets these conditions, this pixel is joined in the line, the tracking of head point direction will be a starting point with this pixel next time;
(4), be search starting point search with the tail point, on the tail point direction be the outwards pixel on the square of the given search radius threshold value of search of center with the tail point, whether the gray scale difference of these pixels of comparison and central point in given pixel difference threshold value;
If only there is the tail point of click in the isoline, then from qualified pixel, select gray-scale value to deposit in the line as second near the pixel of black;
If there are two pixels on the isoline at least, then from these qualified pixels, choose the pixel that meets the angle condition, be that this pixel and tail are put determined straight line, minimum and less than given angle threshold value, the distance of other pixel on this pixel and the isoline also is greater than certain threshold value simultaneously with the angle of the straight line that consecutive point constituted of tail point and its front; After finding qualified pixel, this pixel is joined in the line formation, and this point is set to the tail point starting point of following the trail of as next tail point direction;
When (5), tracking next putting, then repeating step (3) and (4) successively, if do not find qualified pixel in step (3) or the step (4), then change search radius, (3) or step (4) are searched for again set by step with current head point and tail point;
(6) if the threshold value of setting the user, and repeating step (3), (4) are when all can't find next point, then follow the trail of automatically and stop, automatically after tracking is finished, then obtain the numerical information of this papery structural contour map, finish the digitizing of papery structural contour map, the data of generation become the model data of seismic prospecting.
2. a kind of digital modeling method that is used for seismic prospecting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: related given search radius threshold value, given pixel difference threshold value, given angle threshold value all are to carry out step (3) before in described step (3) and the step (4), four parameter values of setting.
3. a kind of digital modeling method that is used for seismic prospecting according to claim 2 is characterized in that: search radius threshold value scope is 5-15, and pixel difference threshold value scope is 40-60.
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| CN101980055A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-02-23 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Digital modeling method for seismic exploration |
| CN106981084A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-07-25 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | A kind of method and device of drawing isoline |
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