CN102095569B - Device for testing underwater high-speed object generated along with supercavity - Google Patents
Device for testing underwater high-speed object generated along with supercavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN102095569B CN102095569B CN2010105367663A CN201010536766A CN102095569B CN 102095569 B CN102095569 B CN 102095569B CN 2010105367663 A CN2010105367663 A CN 2010105367663A CN 201010536766 A CN201010536766 A CN 201010536766A CN 102095569 B CN102095569 B CN 102095569B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003934 vacuole Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000013142 basic testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for testing an underwater high-speed object generated along with supercavity, which comprises a high pressure gas source, a box body support rack, a high speed camera, an industrial personal computer, a membrane, a safety interceptor, a water tank, a water tank cover, a flat plate, a ball valve, a transmitting tube, a reinforced plate, a gas conduit, a fastening plate and a transmitting tube support rack. The object to be tested is driven and accelerated through nitrogen or helium released by the high pressure gas source and is then transmitted through the transmitting tube to enter the water tank filled with liquid, and when the object to be tested passes through the free face of the liquid from top to bottom and from bottom to top, a flow field having water inflow and water outflow generated along with the supercavity is generated. The generated supercavity flow has relatively clear inner and outer boundaries of a vapor/liquid two-phase flow, and with the help of various optical instruments and flow field visualization instruments, complex fluid dynamics behavior processes, such as the balance state of the gas inside vacuoles, the interaction of the free face and the supercavity, the instability of a vapor/liquid interface, the development of a turbulent boundary layer and the like, can be studied and comprehended.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the test unit of hydrodynamic pressure in the fluid mechanics, especially relate to a kind of underwater high-speed object test unit of following supercavity to produce.
Background technology
" cavitation " is a kind of general hydrodynamics phenomenon, and it occurs in the liquid regions that local pressure is lower than saturated vapor pressure under this temperature.With regard to water; If water temperature is not high; The pressure of the water surface is reduced to after certain critical value (this critical value is generally the saturated vapor pressure of liquid) or flow is accelerated to certain speed, and the microbubble that contained originally in the water body (gas nuclear) just sharply expands, and has just formed numerous obvious bubbles that contain water vapour or other gases immediately in the water; Here it is common " cavitation phenomenon " of people, the bubble of generation then is called " cavitation bubble ".When reducing water surface pressure or raising flow stream velocity to a greater degree, cavity scope length will develop into to surpass streams the dimension of object size, causes supercavitation, promptly produces " supercavity " (Supercavitation).Under the situation that the supercavity phenomenon takes place, the object that moves in the water will be fully by cavity institute envelope, and the running resistance of object this moment in water will descend greatly.
Supercavity mainly is divided into nature supercavity and two kinds of ventilation supercavities, and the former relies on the speed that improves sail body to produce supercavity, and the latter relies on the artificial ventilation to increase the interior pressure of cavity and generates supercavity.China goes out entry at the high speed object and induces aspect the basic test research that produces the nature supercavity soon at the early-stage; Relevant research unit carries out in the water hole; But because the object water entry test can only be carried out in most water holes; And test receives the influence of froude number Fr bigger, and the cavity distortion is more serious, is difficult to accurately analyze the morphological character of cavity.From the current documents and materials of publishing, China is for high speed, and particularly transonic object goes out entry with vertical or near vertical angle and induces the research that produces the supercavity aspect also seldom to relate to.The main cause that causes above-mentioned phenomenon is the underwater high-speed object test unit that also occurs realizing preferably following the supercavity generation at present.The supercavitation of American invention is projectile (US Patent 6405653) under water, and a rocket engine is housed in the rear end of object, produces artificial ventilation's bubble by the exhaust of rocket engine at body surface.This equipment more complicated is not suitable for universal use the in the laboratory; And it generally can only keep tangential movement, and can't accomplish the task of taking into account water outlet and water entry test.
Summary of the invention
To existing problem in the above-mentioned background technology; The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of underwater high-speed object test unit of following supercavity to produce, can carry out making object moment accelerate to the speed of 40m/s to 400m/s and go out entry to induce the test that produces the nature supercavity with vertical or near vertical angle.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
One, a kind of underwater high-speed object test unit of following supercavity to produce:
The present invention includes high-pressure air source, case supports frame, high-speed camera, industrial computer, two barrier films, safe interceptor, water tank, tank lid, flat board, ball valve, power valve, power valve bracing frame; The upper surface of case supports frame has isodiametric through hole with dull and stereotyped center; The coaxial flange that is welded with in dull and stereotyped lower surface; Flange is installed first barrier film and ball valve downwards successively, and power valve is connected with the power valve bracing frame, and power valve is placed in below the ball valve; The valve port center of ball valve is aimed at the emission port center of power valve all the time, and power valve is connected with high-pressure air source; The dull and stereotyped upper surface and the lower surface of water tank are affixed; The port of tank lid and water tank is connected through the hinge, and the tank lid center has through hole, and the upper surface of tank lid is connected with safe interceptor; The lower surface of tank lid is installed second barrier film and blind flange successively, is provided with watch window around the tank box; The camera of high-speed camera is aimed at the place, liquid free face of watch window, and high-speed camera links to each other with industrial computer.
Two, a kind of underwater high-speed object test unit of following supercavity to produce:
The present invention includes high-pressure air source, case supports frame, high-speed camera, industrial computer, two barrier films, safe interceptor, water tank, tank lid, flat board, ball valve, power valve, power valve bracing frame; The upper surface of case supports frame has isodiametric through hole with dull and stereotyped center, the coaxial flange that is welded with in dull and stereotyped lower surface, and flange is installed first barrier film and safe interceptor downwards successively; The dull and stereotyped upper surface and the lower surface of water tank are affixed, and the port of tank lid and water tank is connected through the hinge, and the tank lid center has through hole; The upper surface of tank lid is connected with ball valve; The lower surface of tank lid is installed second barrier film and blind flange successively, and power valve is connected with the power valve bracing frame, power valve be placed on ball valve directly over; The valve port center of ball valve is aimed at the emission port center of power valve all the time, and power valve is connected with high-pressure air source; Be provided with watch window around the tank box; The camera of high-speed camera is aimed at the place, liquid free face of watch window, and high-speed camera links to each other with industrial computer.
More than the safe interceptor described in two kinds of technical schemes be a cylindrical steel body of filling full clay.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
The present invention adopts nitrogen that high-pressure air source discharges or helium to drive that test object is quickened, emission, realizes that test object goes out entry with the speed of 40m/s to 400m/s and induces and produce the 2 D natural supercavity flow.This supercavity flow has the significantly mutual perturbation action of vapour/liquid two-phase and vapour/liquid two-phase inner and outer boundary more clearly, is that single-phase steam flows in the inboard on border.Like this; Be used various optical instruments and flow-field visualized instrument again, equilibrium state and the body form that just can study and understand gas in the cavity and object length-diameter ratio are to the fluid mechanics process of complicacies such as the interaction of supercavity form Influence and Development, object resistance coefficient, free face and the supercavity in water, the vapour/instability at liquid interface, the development of turbulent boundary layer.
Adopt the present invention can make things convenient for, study intuitively the come in and go out hydrodynamic characteristic of the supercavity flow that water motion process followed of high speed object.In addition, the present invention is simple in structure, and cost is lower, is easy to promote.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representations of apparatus of the present invention when carrying out high speed object water exit test.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of A among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of B among Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural representations of apparatus of the present invention when carrying out high speed object water entry test.
Fig. 5 is the enlarged drawing of C among Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the enlarged drawing of D among Fig. 4.
Among the figure: 1, high-pressure air source, 2, the case supports frame, 3, high-speed camera, 4, industrial computer, 5, test object, 6, lockhole; 7, second barrier film, 8, safe interceptor, 9, clay, 10, blind flange, 11, the butterfly hinge, 12, water tank; 13, watch window, 14, flat board, 15, binding, 16, flange, 17, first barrier film, 18, ball valve; 19, power valve, 20, socket head cap screw, 21, stiffening plate, 22, tank lid, 23, gas conduit, 24, the power valve bracing frame.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and instance the present invention is further specified.
When carrying out high speed object water exit test; As shown in Figure 1; The present invention includes high-pressure air source 1, case supports frame 2, high-speed camera 3, industrial computer 4, two barrier films 7,17, safe interceptor 8, water tank 12, tank lid 22, dull and stereotyped 14, ball valve 18, power valve 19, stiffening plate 21, gas conduit 23, binding 15, power valve bracing frame 24; The upper surface of case supports frame 2 has isodiametric through hole with the center of flat board 14; The coaxial flange 16 that is welded with in dull and stereotyped 14 lower surfaces; Flange 16 is installed first barrier film 17 and ball valve 18 downwards successively, and power valve 19 is connected with power valve bracing frame 24, and power valve 19 is placed in below the ball valve 18; The valve port center of ball valve 18 is aimed at the emission port center of power valve 19 all the time, and power valve 19 is connected through gas conduit 23 with high-pressure air source 1; Dull and stereotyped 14 the upper surface and the lower surface of water tank 12 are affixed; Tank lid 22 is connected through hinge 11 with the port of water tank 12; Tank lid 22 centers have through hole; The upper surface of tank lid 22 is connected with safe interceptor 8, and the lower surface of tank lid 22 is installed second barrier film 7 and blind flange 10 successively, respectively is connected with the watch window of being processed by transparent organic glass 13 through bolt on 4 sides of water tank 12; Binding 15 all passes through socket head cap screw 20 with stiffening plate 21 and is connected with case supports frame 2; The camera of high-speed camera 3 is aimed at the place, liquid free face of watch window 13, and high-speed camera 3 links to each other with industrial computer 4.
Like Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, the radial geometries of two barrier films 7,17 is circular, and its sectional area size equals the joint face sectional area size of blind flange 10 and flange 16 respectively.
As shown in Figure 3, put clay 9 in the safe interceptor 8.
When carrying out high speed object water entry test; As shown in Figure 4; Comprise high-pressure air source 1, case supports frame 2, high-speed camera 3, industrial computer 4, two barrier films 7,17, safe interceptor 8, water tank 12, tank lid 22, dull and stereotyped 14, ball valve 18, power valve 19, power valve bracing frame 24; The upper surface of case supports frame 2 has isodiametric through hole with the center of flat board 14; The coaxial flange 16 that is welded with in dull and stereotyped 14 lower surfaces, flange 16 are installed first barrier film 17 and safe interceptor 8 downwards successively, and dull and stereotyped 14 the upper surface and the lower surface of water tank 12 are affixed; Tank lid 22 is connected through hinge 11 with the port of water tank 12; Tank lid 22 centers have through hole, and the upper surface of tank lid 22 is connected with ball valve 18, and the lower surface of tank lid 22 is installed second barrier film 7 and blind flange 10 successively; Power valve 19 is connected with power valve bracing frame 24; Power valve 19 be placed on ball valve 18 directly over, the valve port center of ball valve 18 is aimed at the emission port center of power valve 19 all the time, power valve 19 is connected with high-pressure air source 1; Respectively be connected with the watch window of processing by transparent organic glass 13 through bolt on 4 sides of water tank 12; Binding 15 all passes through socket head cap screw 20 with stiffening plate 21 and is connected with case supports frame 2; The camera of high-speed camera 3 is aimed at the place, liquid free face of watch window 13, and high-speed camera 3 links to each other with industrial computer 4.
Like Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, the radial geometries of two barrier films 7,17 is circular, and its sectional area size equals the joint face sectional area size of blind flange 10 and flange 16 respectively.
As shown in Figure 6, put clay 9 in the safe interceptor 8.
The course of work of the present invention is described below:
As Fig. 1, embodiment illustrated in fig. 4 in, install test unit, be placed into test object 5 in the power valve 19; The valve port of ball valve 18 is opened; Stored nitrogen or helium in the high-pressure air source 1, the valve port of opening high-pressure air source 1 makes it discharge gas, opens high-speed camera 3 simultaneously.High-pressure air source 1 can be provided through pressure maintaining valve by pneumatic plant or gas cylinder, and the force value of source of the gas is 3MPa to 25MPa.The gas that is discharged through high-pressure air source 1 drives test object 5 from the emission of power valve 19 high speeds, after in a single day test object 5 penetrates the barrier film that is touched for the first time, closes the valve port of ball valve 18 immediately; Test object 5 is injected in the water tank 12 that is placed with transparency liquid at a high speed, and inducing peripheral liquid forms supercavity, after test object 5 is left the liquid free face; Move on; Penetrate the barrier film that is touched for the second time,, be embedded in the clay 9 finally by safety interceptor 8 seizure of intercepting and capturing.High-speed camera 3 induces taken test object 5 the hydrodynamic action process that produces supercavity with the form transmission of digital picture and be stored in the industrial computer 4 in the water motion process of coming in and going out at a high speed; Be used some optical instruments and flow-field visualized instrument again, equilibrium state and the body form that just can study and understand gas in the cavity and object length-diameter ratio are to the hydrodynamics process of complicacies such as the interaction of supercavity form Influence and Development, object resistance coefficient, free face and the supercavity in water, the vapour/instability at liquid interface, the development of turbulent boundary layer.
Through said method, can make test object 5 accelerate to 40m/s to 400m/s with above-mentioned test unit.Test object 5 advances at utmost speed in liquid on one side; With liquid strong interaction takes place on one side; Inducing peripheral liquid produces supercavity; And then lived by the complete envelope of supercavity institute in the process that makes test object 5 in liquid, move, around test object 5, form tangible supercavity vapour/liquid two-phase phenomenon.In addition, the geometric shape length-diameter ratio of test object 5 is big more, and the speed when coming in and going out liquid is big more, helps test object 5 more and in water, induces the generation supercavity, and the process that supercavity produces is also more obvious and directly perceived.Go out the entry process from test object 5; The captured digital picture of high-speed camera is analyzed; If digital picture shows around a certain moment test object 5 when the elongated spheroid shape fluid column envelope that is slightly larger than self size by a size is lived, explain that this moment, test object 5 was attended by the supercavity generation in the liquid operational process.
Claims (4)
1. underwater high-speed object test unit of following supercavity to produce; It is characterized in that: comprise high-pressure air source (1), case supports frame (2), high-speed camera (3), industrial computer (4), two barrier films (7,17), safe interceptor (8), water tank (12), tank lid (22), dull and stereotyped (14), ball valve (18), power valve (19), power valve bracing frame (24); The center of the upper surface of case supports frame (2) and flat board (14) has isodiametric through hole; The coaxial flange (16) that is welded with in dull and stereotyped (14) lower surface; Flange (16) is installed first barrier film (17) and ball valve (18) downwards successively, and power valve (19) is placed in below the ball valve (18), and power valve (19) is connected with power valve bracing frame (24); The valve port center of ball valve (18) is aimed at the emission port center of power valve (19) all the time, and power valve (19) is connected with high-pressure air source (1); The upper surface of dull and stereotyped (14) and the lower surface of water tank (12) are affixed; Tank lid (22) is connected through hinge (11) with the port of water tank (12); Tank lid (22) center has through hole; The upper surface of tank lid (22) is connected with safe interceptor (8), and the lower surface of tank lid (22) is installed second barrier film (7) and blind flange (10) successively, is provided with watch window (13) around water tank (12) casing; The camera of high-speed camera (3) is aimed at the place, liquid free face of watch window (13), and high-speed camera (3) links to each other with industrial computer (4).
2. a kind of underwater high-speed object test unit of following supercavity to produce according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described safe interceptor (8) is a cylindrical steel body of filling full clay (9).
3. underwater high-speed object test unit of following supercavity to produce; It is characterized in that: comprise high-pressure air source (1), case supports frame (2), high-speed camera (3), industrial computer (4), two barrier films (7,17), safe interceptor (8), water tank (12), tank lid (22), dull and stereotyped (14), ball valve (18), power valve (19), power valve bracing frame (24); The center of the upper surface of case supports frame (2) and flat board (14) has isodiametric through hole; The coaxial flange (16) that is welded with in dull and stereotyped (14) lower surface, flange (16) is installed first barrier film (17) and safe interceptor (8) downwards successively, and the upper surface of dull and stereotyped (14) and the lower surface of water tank (12) are affixed; Tank lid (22) is connected through hinge (11) with the port of water tank (12); Tank lid (22) center has through hole, and the upper surface of tank lid (22) is connected with ball valve (18), and the lower surface of tank lid (22) is installed second barrier film (7) and blind flange (10) successively; Power valve (19) is connected with power valve bracing frame (24); Power valve (19) be placed on ball valve (18) directly over, the valve port center of ball valve (18) is aimed at the emission port center of power valve (19) all the time, power valve (19) is connected with high-pressure air source (1); Be provided with watch window (13) around water tank (12) casing; The camera of high-speed camera (3) is aimed at the place, liquid free face of watch window (13), and high-speed camera (3) links to each other with industrial computer (4).
4. a kind of underwater high-speed object test unit of following supercavity to produce according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that: described safe interceptor (8) is a cylindrical steel body of filling full clay (9).
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| CN2010105367663A CN102095569B (en) | 2010-11-09 | 2010-11-09 | Device for testing underwater high-speed object generated along with supercavity |
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| CN2010105367663A CN102095569B (en) | 2010-11-09 | 2010-11-09 | Device for testing underwater high-speed object generated along with supercavity |
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| CN102095569B true CN102095569B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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| CN102507137B (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2013-10-23 | 浙江理工大学 | Planer supercavity generation device |
| CN102749000B (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2014-12-31 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Horizontal underwater manual ventilation cavitation simulating device |
| CN103257030B (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2015-06-17 | 浙江理工大学 | Constraint type experiment supercavity generating device |
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