CN102093147A - Modified expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Modified expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102093147A CN102093147A CN 201010587736 CN201010587736A CN102093147A CN 102093147 A CN102093147 A CN 102093147A CN 201010587736 CN201010587736 CN 201010587736 CN 201010587736 A CN201010587736 A CN 201010587736A CN 102093147 A CN102093147 A CN 102093147A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a modified expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and a preparation method thereof. The explosive comprises the following main components by weight percent: 85%-93% of ammonium nitrate, 3%-5% of composite oil phase, 0.05%-0.15% of expanding agent and 3%-5% of wood flour; and the explosive also contains 8.9% or less of ammonium nitrate expansion and crystallization modifier. In the production process, a defined amount of ammonium nitrate expansion and crystallization modifier is added to prepare the aqueous phase. Therefore, the aims of reducing the raw material cost and the processing energy consumption can be realized and the performances of the product are much higher than that of the prior art, especially the charge density and explosion velocity are obviously increased. the technical weaknesses of the prior art such as low charge density, poor explosion property and high charge cost can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of civil explosive and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Bulking ammonium nitrate explosive is a kind of powder ammonium nitrate explosive, because it has good blast performance and does not contain the principal item that poisonous and harmful element tritonal has now become China's powder ammonium nitrate explosive, proportion surpasses 50%, also is the leading product of Industrial Explosive in Our Country simultaneously.The production reality of expanded explosive prescription of announcing in " bulking ammonium nitrate explosive " (book number ISBN 7-80132-865-5) book of writing according to people such as Lv Chunxu and processing parameter and existing traditional bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, its the prescription in except ammonium nitrate, wood powder, oil phase and a small amount of puffing agent of ammonium nitrate do not have other any additives outward, its main technique is: the concentration of aqueous ammonium nitrate solution is 88%～93%, temperature was 120 ℃～140 ℃ when aqueous ammonium nitrate solution was expanded, the swelling agent add-on is 0.1%～0.15%, bulking pressure should be lower than-0.088MPa, mixes the preceding expanded ammonium nitrate water content of medicine less than 0.08%.
The major defect that the tradition bulking ammonium nitrate explosive exists has: 1) Sensitivity to Primary Explosion changes greatly, particularly under high temperature wet weather situation, takes measures as untimely, and the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of being produced can occur partly quick-fried even miss-fire; 2) charge density is little; 3) reduction of the little blast performance of bringing of charge density; 4) the powder charge cost is big; 5) boring length increases, and blasting cost increases; 6) processing parameter is strict, and as water temperature requirement height, swollen glass gall divides content little.Therefore must improve and improve bulking ammonium nitrate explosive and technology thereof.As: a kind of method for making of powdered ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive announced in the article that is numbered 1006-9914 (2010) 02-0222-04 in " energetic material " magazine, this method is to add oil phase, tensio-active agent and sorbent material earlier in aqueous ammonium nitrate solution to be mixed with into a kind of pulpous state liquid, with pulpous state liquid explosion puffing drying, pulverize then.As Chinese patent application number is that 200610136796.9 (publication number is CN1970512, open day is on 05 30th, 2007) the manufacture method and the equipment of a kind of powder type explosive of announcing of patent, this method is that the oil phase material that will contain emulsifying agent earlier adds and to carry out emulsification in the aqueous ammonium nitrate solution and obtain emulsion or suspension liquid then with its explosion puffing drying, pulverizes.As Chinese patent application number is that 200810219592.0 (publication number is CN101429081, open day is on 05 13rd, 2009) patent in announced a kind of preparation technology of novel puffing nitramon, this method is aqueous ammonium nitrate solution, oil phase material to be pumped to be mixed into emulsion in the mixing tank, then with its explosion puffing drying.More than the method announced of two patents and technical literature all improved the charge density of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive or powdered ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive to some extent, and blast performance, yet the common ground that they exist is that three kinds of methods all are in advance aqueous ammonium nitrate solution to be mixed with oil phase material under hot environment, under the hot environment liquid oxidizer is mixed the security risk that can increase explosive production undoubtedly with liquid reducing agent, the intrinsic safety of established technology process reduces; In addition, because above method has all increased the higher starting material of unit price, so higher with the produced products production cost of above three kinds of methods.
In sum: be badly in need of at present that raw materials cost is low, charge density is big, the processing power consumption is low, the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of good product performance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation method thereof is provided.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and design modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation method thereof, product compared to existing technology have advantages such as raw materials cost is low, the processing power consumption is low, good product performance.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose with technology by the following method:
The present invention relates to a kind of modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, its main component comprises ammonium nitrate, compound oil phase, swelling agent, wood powder.The present invention also includes the expanded crystal modifier of ammonium nitrate.Each mass percent of form dividing is: each is formed the mass percent of dividing and is: ammonium nitrate is 85%～93%, compound oil phase is 3%～5%, swelling agent is 0.05%～0.15%, wood powder is 3%～5%, the expanded crystal modifier of ammonium nitrate is smaller or equal to 8.9%.
More particularly, described ammonium nitrate is 89%, and compound oil phase is 4%, and swelling agent is 0.11%, and wood powder is 4%, and the residue deal is the expanded crystal modifier of ammonium nitrate.
Another concrete proportioning mode of the present invention is that each mass percent of form dividing is: ammonium nitrate is 87.4%, compound oil phase is 4%, swelling agent is 0.1%, wood powder is 4%, the expanded crystal modifier of ammonium nitrate is 4.5%.
The expanded crystal modifier of described ammonium nitrate is a pearlstone.More particularly, described pearlstone is the non-water resistant type pearlstone of tap density less than 150kg/m3.The granularity of non-water resistant type pearlstone there is not any requirement.The present invention requires lowly to non-water resistant type pearlstone purity and quality, can utilize discarded scrap stock in the production of non-water resistant type pearlstone simply to pulverize and screen out foreign material and can use, and effectively reduces production costs.
Compound oil phase is machine oil commonly used in the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive production field or diesel oil or paraffin or special-purpose grease or winterized stearin or is made up by machine oil, diesel oil, paraffin, special-purpose grease and winterized stearin two kinds of ratios with 6～5: 4～5 wherein.Can Dan Xuan wherein a kind of or will be wherein two or more carry out hybrid process and become compound oil phase.Above-mentioned compound oil phase is a used compound oil phase during existing ammoniumnitrate explosives is produced.
The preparation method of modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of the present invention, described method is divided following steps:
(1) water configuration:
1.1,85%～93% ammonium nitrate is joined in 6%～12% the water of ammonium nitrate quality, be heated to 70 ℃ and be stirred to ammonium nitrate with the speed that per minute 65 changes and be dissolved into fully in the water, form ammonium nitrate solution;
1.2, add 0.06 part～0.15 part swelling agent in the first ammonium nitrate solution then, stir and be heated to 115～130 ℃;
1.3, treat that swelling agent dissolves fully after, add less than the expanded crystal modifier of 10 parts ammonium nitrate and continue to stir, miscible back water forms suspension liquid, keeps suspension liquid at 115～130 ℃.
Temperature was 120 ℃～140 ℃ when aqueous ammonium nitrate solution compared to existing technology was expanded, and the temperature of wanting required for the present invention is lower, more energy efficient.
(2) crystallization is expanded:
2.1, water expanded crystallization under the vacuum environment of-0.092MPa is removed vacuum environment and is taken out the modification expanded ammonium nitrate after 8 minutes;
2.2. modification expanded ammonium nitrate temperature is reduced to 80 ℃～83 ℃, the modification expanded ammonium nitrate is crushed to 80% by 40 order fineness;
(3) compounded oil phase configuration:
3.1, with machine oil, diesel oil, paraffin, special-purpose grease and, winterized stearin or machine oil, diesel oil, paraffin, special-purpose grease and, winterized stearin two kinds of ratios with 6～5: 4～5 wherein make up, and are standby after being heated with stirring to 95 ℃;
(4) batch mixing:
4.1, at first, modification expanded ammonium nitrate after pulverizing adds 3%～5% wood powder, is that the rotating speed that changes with per minute 400 under 75～65 ℃ the environment mixed 30 seconds at mixing temperature;
4.2, then, add 3%～5% compound oil phase, compound oil phase temperature is 95 ℃, the rotating speed that changes with per minute 400 mixed 2 minutes;
4.3, mix and the modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive to be cooled to below 45 ℃ after finishing.
The prescription that the present invention is directed to existing bulking ammonium nitrate explosive improves, and possessing has following product advantage and use advantage:
Can continue to use existing bulking ammonium nitrate explosive production line and carry out processing;
1. has the advantage that raw materials cost is low and the processing power consumption is low;
2. performance was higher than prior art when product used, and particularly charge density, explosion velocity are significantly improved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a product processing technique schema of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
Water preparation: at first, 10 parts of water are added container, slowly add 100 parts of broken ammonium nitrates afterwards, in this process, continue heating and be heated to 70 ℃.The speed of changeing with per minute 65 in the ammonium nitrate dissolution process is stirred to ammonium nitrate dissolve fully after.
Then, add 0.12 part of swelling agent, and heated solution makes solution be warming up to 120 ℃, treat that swelling agent dissolves fully after, add 2.5 parts of expanded crystal modifiers of ammonium nitrate again.Miscible back water forms suspension liquid, and keeps the suspension liquid temperature stand-by after 120 ℃.
Expanded crystallization:
Earlier with water that above-mentioned steps obtained under-0.095MPa vacuum environment expanded crystallization after 8 minutes the vacuum breaker discharging obtain the modification expanded ammonium nitrate, and modification expanded ammonium nitrate temperature is reduced to 80 ℃～83 ℃.Then, the rotating speed that changes with per minute 800 is crushed to 80% by 40 order fineness with the modification expanded ammonium nitrate.
The preparation of oil phase:
It is ℃ stand-by at melting pot internal heating consolute to 95 to take by weighing 55 parts of machine oil and 45 parts of compound wax.
Batch mixing:
Getting 92 parts of modification expanded ammonium nitrate powder earlier and add 4 parts of water contents and be lower than 3% wood powder, is that the rotating speed that changes with per minute 400 under 75～65 ℃ the environment mixed 30 seconds at mixing temperature.The oil phase that adds 4 parts 95 ℃ then, the rotating speed that changes with per minute 400 mixed 2 minutes.Promptly get 100 parts of modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosives
Embodiment two:
The step of present embodiment and embodiment one is basic identical, and its difference is described water configuration,
At first, 10 parts of water are added containers and be heated to about 70 ℃, slowly add 100 parts of broken ammonium nitrate and heat tracing afterwards, the speed of changeing with per minute 65 in the ammonium nitrate dissolution process is stirred to ammonium nitrate and dissolves fully.Then, adding 0.12 part of swelling agent makes solution be warming up to 115 ℃.After swelling agent dissolves fully, add 3 parts of expanded crystal modifiers of ammonium nitrate, miscible back water forms suspension liquid, keeps the suspension liquid temperature at 115 ℃.
Crystallization in the subsequent step of present embodiment is expanded, the preparation of oil phase, batch mixing step are identical with embodiment one with allocation ratio.
Embodiment three:
The step of present embodiment and embodiment one is basic identical, and its difference is described expanded crystallization:
At first, 10 parts of water are added containers and be heated to about 70 ℃, slowly add 100 parts of broken ammonium nitrate and heat temperature raising afterwards, the speed of changeing with per minute 65 in the ammonium nitrate dissolution process is stirred to ammonium nitrate and dissolves fully.Then, adding 0.12 part of swelling agent makes solution be warming up to 120 ℃.After swelling agent dissolves fully, add 2.5 parts of expanded crystal modifiers of ammonium nitrate, miscible back water forms suspension liquid, keeps the suspension liquid temperature at 120 ℃.
Crystallization is expanded: earlier with the resulting water of above-mentioned steps under-0.092MPa vacuum environment expanded crystallization after 8 minutes the vacuum breaker discharging obtain the modification expanded ammonium nitrate, modification expanded ammonium nitrate temperature is reduced to 80 ℃～83 ℃.The rotating speed that changes with per minute 800 is crushed to 80% by 40 order fineness with the modification expanded ammonium nitrate.
The preparation of oil phase: it is ℃ stand-by at melting pot internal heating consolute to 95 to take by weighing 55 parts of machine oil and 45 parts of compound wax.
The mixing step of present embodiment is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four:
The step of present embodiment and embodiment one is basic identical, and its difference is described water configuration:
At first, 10 parts of water are added containers and be heated to about 70 ℃, slowly add 100 parts of broken ammonium nitrate and heat temperature raising afterwards, the speed of changeing with per minute 65 in the ammonium nitrate dissolution process is stirred to ammonium nitrate and dissolves fully.Then, adding 0.12 part of swelling agent makes solution be warming up to 120 ℃.After swelling agent dissolves fully, add 3 parts of expanded crystal modifiers of ammonium nitrate that tap density is big.Miscible back water forms suspension liquid, keeps the suspension liquid temperature at 120 ℃.
Crystallization in the subsequent step of present embodiment is expanded, the preparation of oil phase, batch mixing step are identical with embodiment one with allocation ratio.
Experimental result:
Above-mentioned 4 embodiment are taken a sample, dress up the powder stick that diameter is 32mm respectively.Take a sample 2 parts with prior art in addition, and dress up the powder stick that diameter is 32mm.Carrying out explosion velocity and gap distance respectively according to the regulation of the 6th chapter among GB/T13228-91 " industrial explosive explosion velocity measuring method " and the GB/T12438-1990 " industrial powdered an-tnt explosive test method " detects, carry out charge density before detecting and detect, measuring result sees the following form 1.
In the data of table 1, the experimental data of example 1～4 is followed successively by the sampling experimental data of the embodiment of the invention 1～4.Example 5 is the sampling experimental data of prior art in Laboratory Production.Example 6 is the sampling experimental data that prior art is produced at production line.
Table 1:
In the experimental data from table 1,4 embodiment that know patent of the present invention experimental result of taking a sample, promptly the charge density in the experimental data of example 1～4 is all than the experiment embodiment height of prior art; The explosion velocity that the explosion velocity of example 1～4 is compared example 5 and 6 has obvious lifting; The gap distance that the gap distance of example 1～4 is compared example 5 has tangible lifting.
Claims (10)
1. modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, its main component comprises ammonium nitrate, compound oil phase, swelling agent, wood powder, it is characterized in that also including the expanded crystal modifier of ammonium nitrate; Each mass percent of form dividing is: ammonium nitrate is 85%～93%, compound oil phase is 3%～5%, swelling agent is 0.05%～0.15%, wood powder is 3%～5%, the expanded crystal modifier of ammonium nitrate is smaller or equal to 8.9%.
2. modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive according to claim 1 is characterized in that described ammonium nitrate is 89%.
3. modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive according to claim 2 is characterized in that described compound oil phase is 4%.
4. modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive according to claim 3 is characterized in that described swelling agent is 0.11%.
5. modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive according to claim 4 is characterized in that described wood powder is 4%, and the residue deal is the expanded crystal modifier of ammonium nitrate.
6. modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive according to claim 1 is characterized in that described each mass percent of form dividing is: ammonium nitrate is 88.4%, compound oil phase is 4%, swelling agent is 0.1%, wood powder is 3%, the expanded crystal modifier of ammonium nitrate is 4.5%.
7. according to each described modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that the expanded crystal modifier of described ammonium nitrate is a pearlstone.
8. modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive according to claim 7 is characterized in that described pearlstone is that tap density is less than 150kg/m
3Non-water resistant type pearlstone.
9. modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive according to claim 8 is characterized in that described compound oil phase is machine oil or diesel oil or winterized stearin or paraffin or special-purpose grease; Or by machine oil, diesel oil, winterized stearin, paraffin, special-purpose grease and in any two kinds of ratios with 6～5: 4～5 make up.
10. according to the preparation method of each described modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that described method branch following steps:
(1) water configuration:
1.1,85%～93% ammonium nitrate is joined in 6%～12% the water of ammonium nitrate quality, be heated to 70 ℃ and be stirred to ammonium nitrate with the speed that per minute 65 changes and be dissolved into fully in the water, form ammonium nitrate solution;
1.2, add 0.05%～0.15% swelling agent in the first ammonium nitrate solution then, stir and be heated to 115～130 ℃;
1.3, treat that swelling agent dissolves fully after, add less than the expanded crystal modifier of 9% ammonium nitrate and continue to stir, miscible back water forms suspension liquid, keeps suspension liquid at 115～130 ℃;
(2) expanded crystallization:
2.1, water expanded crystallization under the vacuum environment of-0.092MPa is removed vacuum environment and is taken out the modification expanded ammonium nitrate after 8 minutes;
2.2, modification expanded ammonium nitrate temperature is reduced to 80 ℃～83 ℃, the modification expanded ammonium nitrate is crushed to 80% by 40 order fineness;
(3) compounded oil phase configuration:
3.1, with machine oil or diesel oil or paraffin or special-purpose grease or winterized stearin, or make up by machine oil, diesel oil, paraffin, special-purpose grease and winterized stearin two kinds of ratios wherein with 6～5: 4～5, standby after being heated with stirring to 95 ℃;
(4) batch mixing:
4.1, at first, modification expanded ammonium nitrate after pulverizing adds 3%～5% wood powder, is that the rotating speed that changes with per minute 400 under 75～65 ℃ the environment mixed 30 seconds at mixing temperature;
4.2, then, add 3%～5% compound oil phase, compound oil phase temperature is 95 ℃, the rotating speed that changes with per minute 400 mixed 2 minutes;
4.3, mix and the modification bulking ammonium nitrate explosive to be cooled to below 45 ℃ after finishing.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102424644A (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2012-04-25 | 福建省民爆化工股份有限公司 | High-quality expanded ammonium nitrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN102701892A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-10-03 | 浙江永联民爆器材有限公司 | Preparation method of emulsion explosive aqueous solution |
| CN102850150A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-01-02 | 陈靖宇 | Ternary-component powder particle porous ammonium nitrate explosive, and manufacturing method and application method thereof |
| WO2013102364A1 (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2013-07-11 | Xue Shizhong | Preparation method for different density explosives and different density explosives |
| CN106916042A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-07-04 | 石家庄成功机电有限公司 | A kind of package-type emulsifying ammonium nitrate fuel explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN107586236A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-16 | 福建省民爆化工股份有限公司 | A kind of formula of novel puffing nitramon and preparation method thereof |
| CN108358734A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-08-03 | 山西江阳兴安民爆器材有限公司 | A kind of new modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture |
| CN111302874A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-06-19 | 湖北凯龙化工集团股份有限公司 | Ammonium nitrate explosive containing plastic micropowder and preparation method thereof |
| CN113336611A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-03 | 石家庄成功机电有限公司 | Viscous explosive containing modified porous granular ammonium nitrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN113354492A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-07 | 石家庄成功机电有限公司 | Industrial explosive containing expanded ammonium nitrate particles and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1386727A (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2002-12-25 | 南京理工大学 | Bulked ammonium nitrate explosive with low explosion speed and its prepaing process |
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| CN1386727A (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2002-12-25 | 南京理工大学 | Bulked ammonium nitrate explosive with low explosion speed and its prepaing process |
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| CN102424644B (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2013-11-06 | 福建省民爆化工股份有限公司 | Expanded ammonium nitrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN102424644A (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2012-04-25 | 福建省民爆化工股份有限公司 | High-quality expanded ammonium nitrate and preparation method thereof |
| EA028310B1 (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2017-11-30 | Циндао Таргет Майнинг Сервисиз Ко., Лтд. | Preparation method for different density explosives and different density explosives |
| WO2013102364A1 (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2013-07-11 | Xue Shizhong | Preparation method for different density explosives and different density explosives |
| CN102701892A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-10-03 | 浙江永联民爆器材有限公司 | Preparation method of emulsion explosive aqueous solution |
| CN102850150A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-01-02 | 陈靖宇 | Ternary-component powder particle porous ammonium nitrate explosive, and manufacturing method and application method thereof |
| CN102850150B (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2015-09-02 | 陈靖宇 | The powder porous ammonium nitrate explosive of ternary component and manufacture method thereof and using method |
| CN106916042A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-07-04 | 石家庄成功机电有限公司 | A kind of package-type emulsifying ammonium nitrate fuel explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN107586236A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-16 | 福建省民爆化工股份有限公司 | A kind of formula of novel puffing nitramon and preparation method thereof |
| CN108358734A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-08-03 | 山西江阳兴安民爆器材有限公司 | A kind of new modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture |
| CN111302874A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-06-19 | 湖北凯龙化工集团股份有限公司 | Ammonium nitrate explosive containing plastic micropowder and preparation method thereof |
| CN113354492A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-07 | 石家庄成功机电有限公司 | Industrial explosive containing expanded ammonium nitrate particles and preparation method thereof |
| CN113336611A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-03 | 石家庄成功机电有限公司 | Viscous explosive containing modified porous granular ammonium nitrate and preparation method thereof |
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