CN102091431A

CN102091431A - Novel multitubular type rectifying device

Info

Publication number: CN102091431A
Application number: CN2009102504492A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江俊
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-12-10
Filing date: 2009-12-10
Publication date: 2011-06-15

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel multitubular type rectifying device which comprises a reboiler, a circulating pump, a tower kettle product storage tank, a stripping section, a middle distributor and a rectifying section, wherein the reboiler, the circulating pump and the tower kettle product storage tank are arranged at the bottom; the stripping section and the middle distributor are arranged in the middle; and the rectifying section is arranged at the upper part and comprises a plurality of efficient filling pipes. The invention has the characteristics of small size, high efficiency (1m is equivalent to 30 to 40 theoretical plates), high flux of a tower body, low liquid holdup of a tower kettle, low pressure reduction, and the like and has the advantages of short high-temperature retaining time of materials and high product quality and can realize continuous production. Due to the advantage of a system structure, the amplification problem in the industrialized process does not exist.

Description

Novel multitube rectifier unit

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of novel multitube rectifier unit, belong to the innovation of precise distillation technology and device.

Technical background

Rectifying is mass transfer separation unit operation most widely used in the chemical industry, and high viscosity, higher boiling, thermal sensitivity, the high vacuum rectification of systems such as low relative volatility, it is the difficult problem of puzzlement chemical engineering industry always, traditional separator mostly adopts conventional regular packed tower, general filler efficient is between every meter 3-7 piece theoretical plate, for common system, as citronella oil, turpentine oil, the cypress wet goods, key component boiling point height wherein, the difference of boiling point had only the several years between adjacent set was divided, separation requirement has tens even up to a hundred theoretical plates, therefore, seek out high-quality product, packed height is all more than ten meters, even reach twenty or thirty rice, so equipment the tower pressure drop inevitably to occur big, the liquid liquid holdup is big, the time of staying 3 is long, problems such as the easy decomposes of product; Simultaneously, high vacuum condition requires tower bigger diameter will be arranged to guarantee the flux of gas, like this, the amount of liquid that sprays on the filler of unit are (liquid spraying density) sharply reduces, and the filler wetting effect is poor, gas-liquid loose contact, filler efficient also just significantly reduce.In addition, during existing small lot, high value-added product are produced, much all adopt the batch fractionating mode of operation, material is in the medium-term and long-term stop of tower still kettle type reboiler, the thermal decomposition heighten degree makes that product purity descends, color is dark partially even some system can produce polymer, simultaneously, intermittently operated has also increased hand labor intensity, reduces equipment capacity.

The rectifying that is directed to the high vacuum heat sensitive material separates research both at home and abroad a lot, wherein external industrialization is exactly molecular clock (or short-path distillation) preferably, certain expert it utilize molecular motion free path principle that the heating wall volatile substances is evaporated to the distance extremely condensing wall thereby the realization high vacuum of nearly (the molecular free path order of magnitude), the separation of heat sensitive material, to countries such as late 1960s De Ri Great Britain and Americas the industrialization example has just been arranged, equipment is because complex structure, the cost height, only be used for fish oil, high added value natural prodcuts such as vitamin separation, by introducing digestion, China device fabrication producer now also can produce similar products, but the similar products of popularizing (comprising external product) are because machining accuracy and expense aspect reason now, its cold and hot wall spacing is considerably beyond the molecular free path order of magnitude, therefore can only be called short-path distillation, the rectification effect of short-path distillation is far away not as good as molecular distillation equipment.

Fine chemical product rectifying for high vacuum, high added value separates, in 2008 national distillation technology meetings, more domestic scholar experts have done deep argumentation, but all explorations can not fundamentally change the scarce capacity of traditional rectifier unit all based on the transformation and the optimization of existing traditional rectifying device partial structurtes.

In recent years, cause hypergravity (can reach 50 times of acceleration of gravity) and then promote gas-liquid two-phase mixing spin-rectifying bed technique to obtain the extensive concern of domestic a lot of scientific research departments with rotating field, its volume is little, the separative efficiency height, but because the problems such as static balance movable sealing of complex structure rotary part still have certain distance apart from industrialization.The highly efficient distilling device that wherein is fit to characteristics such as higher boiling, temperature-sensitive is exactly the primary problem that solves.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, propose the novel precise rectifier unit of the high vacuum rectification of a kind of suitable boiling point height, temperature-sensitive, the product relative volatility is low, added value is high complicated natural products,

Stripping section and reboiler that the rectifying section that the novel precise rectifier unit is made up of many high efficiency packing pipes, the one-level that matches are just divided are formed.Specifically rectifying section, filler support, charging aperture, intermediate distributor, stripping section, reboiler, circulating pump, the tower still product holding vessel of being made up of overhead condenser, reflux ratio controller, withdrawing fluid distributor, many high efficiency packing pipes constitutes; Reboiler is in the least significant end of device, the external circulating pump of reboiler, and circulating pump is rejected to tower still product holding vessel with partially liq, and evaporate once more the top that partially liq is returned reboiler; Stripping section of stressed joint above the reboiler, the stripping section top is an intermediate distributor, is used for dispersing liquid and gas, charging aperture is between the rectifying section of stripping section and Duo Gen high efficiency packing pipe composition; The rectifying section of many high efficiency packing pipe compositions is the fillers that comprise filler support, loading pipe and the loading pipe inside of bottom, the withdrawing fluid distributor is above the loading pipe of the accurate rectifying section that separates of multitube, a reflux ratio controller is installed, above UNICOM and the withdrawing fluid condenser on the overhead condenser.

The multitube rectifying section adopts common tube shell heat exchanger structure, many bead tubes (internal diameter 10mm-100mm) are promptly arranged, the tube sheet at two ends, and housing is formed, loading pipe can adopt welding with being connected of tube sheet, expanded joint, modes such as expanded and welded tube joint combination, housing can adopt the expansion joint structure according to the intensity needs, deflection plate in the former heat exchanger is circular monoblock, diameter is suitable with the housing internal diameter, the shell side space is separated into different spaces, and then can the selectivity temperature control, as the easy crystallization of material, promptly the logical temperature thermal medium of high material crystallization temperature slightly in the preceding paragraph space generally speaking, does not carry out the people for carrying out adjustment.

Comparing its advantage with other rectifier units is: the multitube rectifying section has been eliminated the enlarge-effect of small size high efficiency packing fully, and the auxiliary temperature control system of peripheral hardware can optionally use, and mates different system characteristics (as easily condensing etc.); Equipment size is little, efficient is high (height of 2.5m just can surpass traditional single tower 20m high separation usefulness); Tower body high flux, the low liquid holdup of tower still, low pressure drop, since the advantage of system architecture, the scale-up problem in the no industrialization process.The material high-temperature residence time is short, product quality is high, can realize continuous production.Adopt reboiler, liquid flows downward along inside pipe wall with membranaceous, and the interior liquid volume of reboiler is few under the hot conditions, and adopts the trourelle still more to guarantee to have reduced the material thermal decomposition significantly by the time weak point that high-temp liquid stops in tower; Higher boiling requires the high vacuum operation, and a big chunk pressure drop of conventional external heat exchanger is created in gas phase and advances on the pipeline of tower, the design adopts embedded reboiler, the gas that produces directly enters into the orlop filler of tower, therefore, the reboiler pressure drop is very little, can guarantee the high vacuum of vaporization in the reboiler.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is novel multitube rectifier unit schematic diagram

Wherein: 1-withdrawing fluid distributor; The 2-overhead condenser; The 3-reflux ratio controller; The rectifying section that many high efficiency packing pipes of 4-are formed; The 5-charging aperture; The 6-filler supports; The 7-intermediate distributor; The 8-stripping section; The 9-reboiler; The 10-circulating pump; 11-tower still product holding vessel; 12-rectifying liquid storage tank; The 13-vavuum pump.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete structure of the present invention and enforcement are further described.

Liquid charging stock enters from charging aperture (5), under intermediate distributor (7) is even, flow to stripping section (8), stripping section (8) carries out first rectification and purification to crucial light component in the liquid-liquid raw material, the gas that produces rises, liquid flow to reboiler (9) under continuing, liquid flows downward along inside pipe wall with membranaceous in the reboiler (9), the interior major part of reboiler under the hot conditions (9) becomes gas and rises, to tower still product holding vessel (11), part branches to reboiler (9) top and carries out heating evaporation once more few liquid through circulating pump (10) splitter section.

A large amount of gases that raw material produces in reboiler (9) rise through stripping section (8) and top-down liquid heat exchange, mass transfer, gas carries low-boiling point material in the liquid to be continued to rise and supports in the loading pipe that (6) enter the rectifying section (4) that many high efficiency packing pipes form through intermediate distributor (7), filler, phegma above this moment is also flowed through, the structure of the rectifying section of many high efficiency packing pipe compositions has fundamentally guaranteed the gas-liquid distribution, makes raw material obtain good rectification and purification.

Claims

1. a novel multitube rectifier unit is fit to the high vacuum rectification of boiling point height, temperature-sensitive, the product relative volatility is low, added value is high complicated natural products, rectifying section, filler support, charging aperture, intermediate distributor, the stripping section that it is made up of overhead condenser, reflux ratio adjusting device, withdrawing fluid distributor, many high efficiency packing pipes, reaches reboiler and forms; Charging aperture is in the centre of two-stage segregation section, the top of intermediate distributor, stripping section of the following installation of intermediate distributor, the stripping section below connects reboiler, the top of charging aperture is installed filler and is supported, the filler supported the filler of loading pipe and loading pipe the inside, and the withdrawing fluid distributor is installed a reflux ratio adjusting device on the overhead condenser above loading pipe.It is characterized in that adopting many loading pipes to form efficient separating filler rod structure, applicable to industrial production.

2. novel multitube rectifier unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that overhead condenser can be built-in also can be external.

3. novel multitube rectifier unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that tower still reboiler can adopt the falling film type reboiler, and the falling film type reboiler can be for built-in, also can be for external.

4. novel multitube rectifier unit according to claim 1, the filler that it is characterized in that loading pipe inside can be dumped packing (as Raschig ring, arc saddle, square saddle, Pall ring, cascade ring, metal saddle ring) or structured packing (as screen waviness packings).

5. novel multitube rectifier unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the requirement according to the rectifying material, in batch fractionating common stripping section can be installed, the rectifying section that only adopts the high efficiency packing pipe to form.

6. novel multitube rectifier unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the requirement according to the rectifying material, and stripping section also can adopt the high efficiency packing pipe to form.

7. novel multitube rectifier unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the filled column that many loading pipes are formed has one deck housing outward, the polylith porous plate that housing, filled column outer surface and enclosure interior filled column pass is formed a plurality of spaces, according to the separation mixture requirement, can optionally feed temperature control medium and carry out the outer temperature controlling of filled column.