CN102091089A - Application of active burdock oligosaccharide to aquaculture - Google Patents
Application of active burdock oligosaccharide to aquaculture Download PDFInfo
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- CN102091089A CN102091089A CN2010105530951A CN201010553095A CN102091089A CN 102091089 A CN102091089 A CN 102091089A CN 2010105530951 A CN2010105530951 A CN 2010105530951A CN 201010553095 A CN201010553095 A CN 201010553095A CN 102091089 A CN102091089 A CN 102091089A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of active burdock oligosaccharide to aquaculture, particularly the application of the active burdock oligosaccharide serving as an immunopotentiator to aquaculture. The burdock oligosaccharide is natural oligosaccharide which is extracted and separated from burdock root and has better water solubility, better stability and higher purity, wherein the oligosaccharide content is more than 95 percent; the average molecular weight is 2,134Da; 12 furoic fructoses are connected through beta (2-1) glucosidic bonds; the tail end of the burdock oligosaccharide is of a linear straight chain structure that a glucopyranose is connected onto the fructose through an alpha (1-2) glucosidic bond; and degree of polymerization is 13. When the burdock oligosaccharide is used as a growth promoting agent and the immunopotentiator in agriculture, the addition amount of the burdock oligosaccharide accounts for 0.5 to 5.0 percent of the total weight of feeds. The active burdock oligosaccharide has the beneficial effects of promoting the growth of cultured animals, improving the nutrient constituents of animal bodies and improving the nonspecific immunity and the premunition of the animals, also has high activity in the aspect of resisting bacterial infection, has a simple, convenient and feasible using method and can be suitable for cultivation of various aquatic products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the application of a kind of active burdock oligosaccharide aspect breed aquatic animal, relate in particular to the application in aquaculture of a kind of active burdock oligosaccharide as feed nutrient and immunostimulant.
Background technology
Growing along with fish production, the aquaculture of China has been obtained very big achievement, and cultured output continues, steady-state growth, becomes the first in the world and cultures big country.But in recent years, along with the continuous reinforcement of intensification degree, the continuous deterioration of the increasing of cultivation density and breeding environment, the disease of thereupon bringing is on the rise, and this has caused enormous economic loss to aquaculture.Therefore, the healthy aquaculture of aquatic animal and diseases prevention and treatment more and more are subjected to people's attention.
At present, the control to aquaculture creature disease mainly contains 3 kinds of methods: i.e. chemotherapy, vaccination and use immunostimulant.
Chemotherapy is present topmost medical treatment method, and its most normal use be antibiotics, the Preventing Countermeasures of China also relies on antibiotics substantially.Because the culturist exists certain chaotic on the selection of medicine and consumption, cause that endurance strain increases, destroys or disturbed many adverse consequencess such as the ecological balance of the original normal flora of water body and harm breeding ecological environment, thereby increased the chance of aquatic animal bacteria infection, caused the decline and the healthy and safe hidden danger of aquatic products quality.And antibiotic is in water body and aquatic animal is intravital residually also can threaten human beings'health and safety.Many in the world countries have forbidden the application of multiple antibiotic in aquaculture.
Current, advanced country tackles the vaccination technology that is adopted in the breed disease and has entered the vaccine practicability stage, though vaccine can become the most direct effective method of control aquaculture creature disease, developing vaccines and extensive use at present also had any problem.Because immunoreation has specificity, a kind of vaccine can only prevent corresponding certain disease specifically, so practical function is also very limited.
Immunostimulant be owing to can remedy the deficiency of chemotherapy and vaccine method, is considered to a kind of, prevent and treat method that extensive effectiveness than vaccine method more arranged more safer than chemotherapy.Improve the body constitution of aquatic animal with immunologic method, strengthen them the resistance of pathogenic microorganism a kind of good method of can yet be regarded as.The raising of health perception and accession to WTO are had higher requirement to the quality of China's aquatic products.Under the overall situation of this " green cultivation ", increasing Chinese scholars is furtherd investigate, a kind of product of expectation development.This product should both have stable in properties, need not special process technology just can directly use again, not only can directly improve the immunity and the premunition of aquatic animal, can also promote the growth of animal, increase animal survival rate and rate of growth, improve the nutriture of cultivated animals, with realize anti-formerly, control after the healthy aquaculture target.
Burdock oligosaccharide is that a kind of biotechnology that adopts is handled from the water-soluble functional oligose of the root extraction separation of feverfew Fructus Arctii, has broken through the drawback that the synthetic or hydrolysis production of traditional enzyme process can not be controlled extent of polymerization technically.Its production cost is lower, and purity is higher, and homogeneity and stability better have the incomparable superiority of other oligosaccharide, have obtained national inventing patent mandate (ZL03156256.6).Functional experiment shows that burdock oligosaccharide can significantly promote the growth and the propagation of the profitable strain in the body gastrointestinal tract, is effective bacillus bifidus somatomedin.It can promote the growth of crops, induces the system's resistance that improves crop, is a kind of good disease-resistant inducible factor on agricultural, has obtained national inventing patent mandate (ZL200710013126.2).Burdock oligosaccharide also has the function of stronger adjusting mouse humoral immune function, macrophage phagocytosis of mice and promotion mice spleen lymphocytes proliferation, thereby improve the non-specific immunity of animal body, can be applied in preparation and have on the antitumor drug and health food of raise immunity, obtain national inventing patent mandate (ZL200810138023.3).Yet burdock oligosaccharide is as a kind of active oligosaccharide, and the research in animal feed additive is at the early-stage, and the application aspect aquaculture at home and abroad there is no report at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve the existing deficiency of disease control technology in the existing aquaculture, provide a kind of active burdock oligosaccharide as the application of immunostimulant in aquaculture, thereby reduce the application of antibiotic in aquaculture, to guarantee feedstuff and aquatic products safety and health, improve the body constitution of aquatic animal, strengthen its resistance and immunity, and then obtain a kind of pollution-free pathogenic microorganism, noresidue, growth promotion and can improve the animal non-specific immunity, cheap, feasible multifunction immunity reinforcing agent application process easy to use.
The present invention realizes the foregoing invention purpose by following technical proposals:
The application of a kind of active burdock oligosaccharide in aquaculture, it is characterized in that: active burdock oligosaccharide is as the application of immunostimulant in aquaculture, described burdock oligosaccharide (Burdockoligosaccharide, BOS) better for extraction separation goes out from Radix Arctii a kind of water solublity and stability, the natural oligosaccharide that purity is higher, oligosaccharide content is more than 95%, mean molecule quantity is at 2134Da, fructose by 12 furan types links to each other with β (2-1) glycosidic bond, to be a glucopyranose be connected linear straight chain structure on the fructose with α (1-2) glycosidic bond to end, the degree of polymerization is 13, during as the application of growth promoter and immunostimulant, described burdock oligosaccharide addition is 0.5～5.0% of a feedstuff gross weight in aquaculture.
Described application in aquaculture is mainly left-eyed flounder.
When described active burdock oligosaccharide was used as immunostimulant, active burdock oligosaccharide addition was 2.0% of a feedstuff gross weight.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1 active burdock oligosaccharide of the present invention has biological action widely, is a kind of, multi-functional immunostimulant that body constitution extensive effectiveness, that can improve aquatic animal, growth promotion, enhancing premunition than vaccine method more arranged more safer than chemotherapy.Can also be when selection should be used in as the immunostimulant of aquatic animal as feed nutrient, they are added in the feedstuff, the survival rate of cultivated animals, rate of body weight gain and rate of increase and efficiency of feed utilization all significantly improve than matched group, can also improve the nutriture of aquaculture product, its body protein content obviously improves, and body fat content decreases.
2 immunostimulants of the present invention can reduce or exempt antibiotic use, improve the nonspecific defense mechanism of aquatic animal, improve the aquatic food quality safety, reduce the pollution to environment.Can directly add in the feedstuff oral throwing something and feeding to.
3 should activity burdock oligosaccharide immunostimulant raw materials enjoy stable sources, production technology is simple, and is with low cost, using method is convenient feasible.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
The application of a kind of active burdock oligosaccharide in aquaculture, described active burdock oligosaccharide is as the application of immunostimulant in aquaculture, described burdock oligosaccharide (Burdockoligosaccharide, BOS) better for extraction separation goes out from Radix Arctii a kind of water solublity and stability, the natural oligosaccharide that purity is higher, oligosaccharide content is more than 95%, mean molecule quantity is at 2134Da, fructose by 12 furan types links to each other with β (2-1) glycosidic bond, to be a glucopyranose be connected linear straight chain structure on the fructose with α (1-2) glycosidic bond to end, the degree of polymerization is 13, during as the application of growth promoter and immunostimulant, described burdock oligosaccharide addition is 0.5% to 5.0% for the feedstuff total weight percent in aquaculture.
Described application in aquaculture is mainly left-eyed flounder.
Preferably, when described active burdock oligosaccharide was used as immunostimulant, active burdock oligosaccharide addition was 2.0% of a feedstuff gross weight.
The preparation of active burdock oligosaccharide feedstuff:
0.5～5.0% the active burdock oligosaccharide that takes by weighing the feedstuff gross weight adds in the feedstuff, and is fully behind the mixing, standby.This oligosaccharide is embedded in feedstuff inside can slow down the rate of dissolution of oligosaccharide in water body, thereby can improve the utilization ratio of oligosaccharide to greatest extent.
Active burdock oligosaccharide of the present invention confirms to have growth promotion in aquaculture, improve the body constitution and the nutriture of aquatic animal and to improve the immunity of cultivated animals and multiple function such as premunition as novel immunostimulant through culture experiment.Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail, but the scope of protection of present invention is not limited to this routine scope.
Embodiment 1
Test is provided by source, sky, development zone, Yantai Aquatic product company limited with young turbot.Turbot 1200 after the healthy domestication uniformly of selection is trailed machine and is divided into 5 groups, respectively establishes 1 parallel group, uses different bait respectively, is undertaken by normal feeding and management program.The 5th group is matched group, the normal feedstuff of feeding.1st, 2,3 and 4 groups is test group, and feeding respectively contains the feedstuff of 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% and 5.0% burdock oligosaccharide, and (carrying out the flowing water inflation among 120cm * 100cm * 100cm) cultures in net cage.Breeding water is a underground sea water with after nature seawater mixes, and flows into the test net cage through disposable husky filter.The duration of test water quality condition: dissolved oxygen DO is 6.0～8.0mg/L, and pH is 7.8～8.1, and temperature T is 18～22 ℃, and salinity S is 30～31.Test is carried out in source, sky Aquatic product company limited is cultured the workshop, and experimental period is 100d, measures the influence of its growth.
(1) to turbot survival rate, rate of body weight gain and fish body rate of increase index determining
Duration of test turbot survival rate, rate of body weight gain and fish body rate of increase are respectively shown in table 1, table 2 and table 3.
The growth performance of test group fish body significantly is better than matched group, and each growth indexes has raising in various degree.By table 1 as seen, the average survival of duration of test test group turbot is all more than 95.0%, and the matched group survival rate is 94.0%, and the survival rate of test group is higher than matched group.By table 2 as seen, test group turbot rate of body weight gain significantly is better than matched group (P＜0.01), illustrates that weightening finish has facilitation to used burdock oligosaccharide immunostimulant to turbot.In addition, the efficiency of feed utilization of test group fish is all apparently higher than matched group (P＜0.01), illustrate that adding the burdock oligosaccharide immunostimulant in the feedstuff can promote turbot digesting and assimilating feedstuff to a certain extent, improve efficiency of feed utilization, feed coefficient is descended, then regulate and control organism metabolism, promote growth.By table 3 as seen, each test group fish body rate of increase of duration of test significantly is better than matched group (P＜0.05), illustrates that the burdock oligosaccharide immunostimulant can also promote the growth of turbot body.The result shows, adds an amount of burdock oligosaccharide in the normal feedstuff of turbot, and turbot is shown good growth promotion effect, can significantly improve efficiency of feed utilization, reduce feed coefficient, and wherein the result of use of test group 3 (BOS 2.0%) is the most remarkable.
The survival rate of table 1 test group and matched group turbot
Annotate: numerical value is two parallel groups meansigma methods in the table.
The growth performance of table 2 test group and matched group turbot
Annotate: numerical value is two parallel groups mean+/-standard error in the table.**P＜0.01
The growth change of table 3 test group and matched group turbot
Annotate: numerical value is two parallel groups mean+/-standard error in the table.**P＜0.01
(2) to turbot body nutritional labeling index determining
The used active burdock oligosaccharide immunostimulant of duration of test is as shown in table 4 to the influence of turbot body nutritional labeling.As seen, compare with matched group, the protein content of test group turbot body all has to some extent and to improve, and fat, content of ashes all have to some extent and reduces.The result of use of test group 3 is comparatively remarkable.
The nutritional labeling of table 4 test group and matched group turbot body
Annotate: numerical value is two parallel groups mean+/-standard error in the table.*P＜0.05
Embodiment 2
Growth test carries out immunity test after finishing.Picked at random 10 tail fishes from every group of test fish, dry its afterbody with gauze, take a blood sample from tail vein place with the 1mL asepsis injector respectively, mix, be divided into 2 parts, 1 part is the Alsever anticoagulant that adds pre-cooling in the syringe, get behind the blood mixing in 1.5mL Eppendorf pipe, be prepared into anticoagulation, add lymphocyte separation medium then, isolate liquid of haemolymph, be used for the mensuration of leukocytes phagocytic vigor; 1 part leaves standstill 12h in 4 ℃ of refrigerators in addition, and with the centrifugal 10min of 3000r/min, it is standby to separate out upper serum then.
The mensuration of the nonspecific immunity factor: measure in the serum in acid phosphatase (ACP), alkali phosphatase (AKP), lysozyme (LSZ), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and phenol oxidase (PO) vigor and the liquid of haemolymph hemocyte to the activate the phagocytic capacity of staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus).All immune indexes mensuration are fresh blood sample and in time measure.
(1) to the influence of immune relevant enzyme vigor in the turbot serum
By immune relevant enzyme ACP in test group and the matched group turbot serum, AKP, LSZ, the measurement result (table 5) of SOD and PO vigor as seen, the immunoenzyme vigor in each test group turbot serum has shown the more significant energy value than matched group.Result of the test shows, adds burdock oligosaccharide in the feedstuff of turbot, can significantly improve in the turbot serum with Ia plurality of enzymes vigor, particularly test group 3 than matched group improve the most remarkable.And burdock oligosaccharide makes the increase rate maximum of PO vigor, secondly is ACP and AKP, and is relatively little to the influence of LSZ vigor.The rising of Fish immunity of organism relevant enzyme vigor mainly is because hemocyte rapidly synthetic these enzymes under the stimulation of immunomodulator, and it is discharged into participates in immunoreation in the serum.The raise vigor of immune relevant enzyme of turbot body can non-specificly be induced, stimulate to this explanation burdock oligosaccharide, thereby improve the non-specific immunity of body.
The vigor of immune relevant enzyme in table 5 test group and the matched group turbot serum
Annotate: numerical value is two parallel groups mean+/-standard error in the table.**P＜0.01
(2) to the influence of turbot hemocyte activate the phagocytic capacity
Measurement result (table 6) by test group and matched group turbot hemocyte activate the phagocytic capacity finds out that behind the interpolation burdock oligosaccharide, test group turbot hemocyte obviously improves than matched group phagocytic rate and the phagocytic index of pathogen in the feedstuff.The result shows that the burdock oligosaccharide immunostimulant has significant facilitation to the activate the phagocytic capacity of turbot hemocyte, particularly result of use the best of test group 3.
The activate the phagocytic capacity of table 6 test group and matched group turbot blood middle leukocytes
Annotate: numerical value is two parallel groups mean+/-standard error in the table.*P＜0.05
Left-eyed flounder is the low vertebrates of waiting, and its specific immunity mechanism is still far from perfect, and important role is still playing the part of in its nonspecific immunity system.Therefore, the vigor of, bacteriolyze vigor antibiotic and immune relevant enzyme and activate the cytophagous pathogen that approach such as sterilizing function are killed invasion of engulfing by activating, improve the nonspecific immunity activity of fish body, the immunne response level that strengthens Fish is very important.Various enzymes comprise that LSZ, ACP, AKP, SOD, PO etc. are the important humoral immunization factors in the Fish serum, in body, undertaking the critical function of defence, the premunition that improves the fish body and anti-stress ability there are in various degree facilitation, therefore are used as the leading indicator of estimating the nonspecific immunity effect.The phagocytic function of Fish hemocyte is most important non-specific cell immunity.Phagocyte is undertaken the task of catching and digesting the pathogen that invades body, and phagocyte can keep relevant antigenic information and it is passed to relevant lymphocyte in the digestion pathogen, thus the humoral immunization of excitating organism and cellular immunization.Therefore, the activate the phagocytic capacity of Fish hemocyte also can be used as an important indicator judging its individual premunition.
Discover, in the breeding process of turbot, active burdock oligosaccharide can significantly improve the immune relevant enzyme vigor of turbot, strengthen simultaneously the phagocytic function of turbot hemocyte effectively, stimulate phagocyte to produce lymphokine, the anti-infection ability of enhancing body, and the variation tendency of panimmunity enzymatic activity is consistent substantially in the activate the phagocytic capacity of fish body hemocyte and the serum.Therefore, burdock oligosaccharide can significantly be induced the nonspecific immunity level that improves the turbot body as a kind of nonspecific immunity regulator.And burdock oligosaccharide strengthens the immunologic function of turbot also to have improved digestive enzyme activity indirectly, thereby improves its speed of growth, promoted the growth of turbot.
Research is also found, burdock oligosaccharide is not enhanced gradually along with the increase of burdock oligosaccharide addition in the feedstuff to the growth promotion of turbot and the action effect of raising immune function, when the dosage of burdock oligosaccharide reaches 2.0%, can reach comparatively satisfied effect.And when the dosage of burdock oligosaccharide increased again, this action effect had the trend of reduction on the contrary.There is certain effect relation between the effect of this explanation burdock oligosaccharide and the using dosage.
Claims (4)
1. the application of active burdock oligosaccharide in aquaculture, it is characterized in that: active burdock oligosaccharide is as the application of immunostimulant in aquaculture, described burdock oligosaccharide is better for extraction separation goes out from Radix Arctii a kind of water solublity and stability, the natural oligosaccharide that purity is higher, oligosaccharide content is more than 95%, mean molecule quantity is at 2134Da, fructose by 12 furan types links to each other with β (2-1) glycosidic bond, to be a glucopyranose be connected linear straight chain structure on the fructose with α (1-2) glycosidic bond to end, the degree of polymerization is 13, during as the application of growth promoter and immunostimulant, the burdock oligosaccharide addition is the 0.5-5.0% of feedstuff gross weight in aquaculture.
2. the application of active burdock oligosaccharide according to claim 1 in aquaculture is characterized in that: described application in aquaculture is a left-eyed flounder.
3. the application of active burdock oligosaccharide according to claim 1 in aquaculture is characterized in that: when described active burdock oligosaccharide was used as immunostimulant, active burdock oligosaccharide addition was 2.0% of a feedstuff gross weight.
4. according to the application of the arbitrary described active burdock oligosaccharide of claim 1-3 in aquaculture, it is characterized in that: the preparation method that contains active burdock oligosaccharide feedstuff is for adding active burdock oligosaccharide in the feedstuff, and is fully standby behind the mixing.
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| CN107183329A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-22 | 界首市康泽家庭农场 | A kind of great flounder scrod feed containing chicken powder |
| CN108713652A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-30 | 江苏傲农生物科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to alleviate growing and fattening pigs transport stress and improve before the government official of meat with feed addictive and preparation method and application |
| WO2020097446A1 (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2020-05-14 | Dsm Ip Assets, B.V. | Methods of supporting gastrointestinal homeostasis |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107183329A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-22 | 界首市康泽家庭农场 | A kind of great flounder scrod feed containing chicken powder |
| CN107183329B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-10-02 | 界首市康泽家庭农场 | A kind of great flounder scrod feed containing chicken powder |
| CN108713652A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-30 | 江苏傲农生物科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to alleviate growing and fattening pigs transport stress and improve before the government official of meat with feed addictive and preparation method and application |
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Application publication date: 20110615 |