CN102088089B - Preparation method of combined electrode of fuel cell and test device thereof - Google Patents
Preparation method of combined electrode of fuel cell and test device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102088089B CN102088089B CN2010106063843A CN201010606384A CN102088089B CN 102088089 B CN102088089 B CN 102088089B CN 2010106063843 A CN2010106063843 A CN 2010106063843A CN 201010606384 A CN201010606384 A CN 201010606384A CN 102088089 B CN102088089 B CN 102088089B
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a combined electrode of a fuel cell and a test device thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively preparing a single-wall or multiple-wall carbon nano tube membrane on carbon paper or thin foam nickel rectangular base board of which the size is 30mm*50mm to prepare the combined electrode; taking a graphite rod or a graphite plate as an anode and the combined electrode as a cathode, and plating one or more of metal catalysts Pt, Pd, Mo, Ni, Co, Y and Sn on the surface of the combined electrode successively for 5-50s; in the electroplating process, controlling the temperature to be 40 DEG C; and plating a catalyst layer on the single-wall or multiple-wall carbon nano tube membrane on the surface of the combined electrode, wherein the particle diameter of the metal catalyst is 5nm-5 mu m. The invention adopts a single-wall carbon nano tube ultrathin membrane prepared with an arc discharge method and a membrane prepared from a multiple-wall carbon nano tube prepared with a CVD (chemical vapour deposition) method by screen printing; and the two membranes have oversized superficial area and are suitable for efficiently bearing metal catalysts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method and testing apparatus thereof of combined electrode of fuel cell.
Background technology
Fuel cell has very long history till now from invention, and the sixties, fuel cell successfully is applied to Apollo (Appollo) mooncraft.Since the sixties, hydrogen oxygen fuel cell is widely used in the aerospace field, and simultaneously, the phosphoric acid fuel cell of MW class is also succeeded in developing.Since the eighties, various low-power batteries are applied in the every field such as aerospace, military affairs, traffic.Enter after 21 century, the technology of fuel cell is gradually improved.International energy circle prediction, fuel cell are 21 century one of the most attractive electricity-generating methods.
Fuel cell power generation is that the chemical energy with fuel directly is converted to electric energy, do not need to burn, there are not rotatable parts, energy conversion rate is 100% in theory, actual power efficient can reach 40%～60% regardless of different kinds of the device, can realize that direct Entry Firm, restaurant, hotel, family realize the cogeneration of heat and power coupling, thermal loss is not failed in transmission of electricity, comprehensive energy efficient can reach 80%, device is integrated structure, capacity can be little to only for mobile phone power, greatly to comparing with present thermal power plant, very flexible.
The present invention utilizes the advanced research project of new material single wall carbon nano-tube film aspect combined electrode of fuel cell, and it is according to being the super large surface area that utilizes single wall carbon nano-tube film to have, good chemical stability and excellent mechanical property.This research for research and development novel, low-cost, have the fuel cell of commercialization prospect significant.
MEA is the electrochemistry heart of proton membrane fuel battery (PEMFC), exactly because its variation, just so that PEMFC has presented the present flourish vital of today.Early stage combination electrode is measured up to 10mg/cm with Pt
2, the utilance of Pt is very low.Afterwards, for increasing the utilance of Pt, used the Pt/C catalyst, but the utilance of Pt is still very low, until the mid-80, the Pt carrying capacity of PEMFC combination electrode is still up to 4mg/cm
2The middle and later periods eighties, U.S. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) has proposed a kind of new method, adopts Nafion proton exchange polymer solution impregnation Pt/C porous gas diffusive electrode, and hot repressing forms combination electrode on proton exchange membrane.This method has improved the utilance of precious metals pt greatly, and the platinum amount of carrying of combination electrode has been dropped to 0.4mg/cm
21992, LANL improved this method, made the Pt carrying capacity of combination electrode further be reduced to 0.13 mg/cm
2It is 0.1 mg/cm that nineteen ninety-five India's electrochemical energy research center (CEER) adopts spraying dipping legal system to get the Pt carrying capacity
2Combination electrode, functional.It is reported that in some monocells of now LANL test, the platinum carrying capacity has dropped to 0.05mg/cm on the combination electrode
2Utilize single wall carbon nano-tube film to be carrier, will further reduce the consumption of noble metal catalyst Pt.
China per capita energy resources is poor, present electrical network by mainly lack electric weight change into mainly lack system reserve capacity, peak modulation capacity, power grid construction lags behind and the traditional with serious pollution situation of generation mode under, the generating of research and development micro fuel cell is significant, and this generation mode combines and will bring huge economic benefit to China with traditional large-scale unit, large electrical network.
Fuel cell is a kind of just in the energy utilization patterns of gradual perfection.Its investment constantly reduces, and the external commercial price of PEMFC is 10000 yuan/kW at present, and the price of PAFC is 21000/kW.It is 10000 yuan/kW that domestic Fu Yuan company announces the price that its PEMFC accepts and order for goods.Other fuel cells are domestic temporary without commercial product.
Fuel cell will have very large development as advanced person's the novel energy, and fuel cell car, electric bicycle etc. will progress into along with rising steadily of oil price market; On the other hand, a large amount of uses of fuel cell-powered and automobile, electric motor car can suppress effectively environment and constantly pollute and greenhouse effects of the earth.Fuel cell is the same with solar cell will be welcomed by the people.
The used metallic catalyst majority of fuel cell is noble metal, causes thus the fuel cell high cost, although fuel cell has many advantages, and, still be difficult to so far large-scale promotion and utilization.The present invention adopts single metal Huo Er ﹑ ternary metal alloy of planting of relative low price as far as possible, can reduce the manufacturing cost of fuel cell, is conducive to the extensive application in every field of fuel cell.
At present, metallic catalyst on the combined electrode of fuel cell adopts spraying more, the technique such as smear, fasten with glue, thus, there are the problems such as the large and skewness of noble metal consumption more, in addition, the metallic catalyst loading also is difficult to effective control, the complex process that more seriously adopts said method to have, and the usefulness of the metallic catalyst that has is low.The present invention adopts electro-plating method, can be simply, quickly and efficiently various metallic catalysts are plated on the combination electrode, and can be by time of electroplating, voltage etc. be controlled, and adopted the advanced advanced materials such as carbon nano-tube film with huge surface area, realize that the aspects such as metallic catalyst loading, catalysis efficiency, combination electrode preparation technology reach advanced level.Adopt the voluntarily fuel cell test device of research and development, satisfied the needs of fuel battery performance test.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of preparation method and testing apparatus thereof of combined electrode of fuel cell is provided.
The preparation method's of combined electrode of fuel cell step is as follows
1) carbon paper or ironed nickel foam are cut into the rectangular substrate of some groups of 30mm*50mm sizes, utilize arc discharge method that Single Walled Carbon Nanotube is directly synthesized at substrate and make combination electrode, and process with alcohol;
Perhaps utilize silk screen print method that multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is printed on carbon paper or the thin foamed nickel substrate and make combination electrode;
2) combination electrode is electroplated under the direct voltage of 0.5V～5V, electroplating solution is sulfate or the nitrate solution that contains one or more metals among Pt, Pd as metallic catalyst, Mo, Ni, Co, Y, the Sn, anode is graphite rod or graphite cake, negative electrode is the combination electrode that forms with single wall or multi-walled carbon nano-tubes respectively with carbon paper or thin foamed nickel substrate, the plating time is 5s～50s, temperature in the electroplating process is controlled at 40 degree, plating catalyst layer on the single wall of combination electrode or multi-wall carbon nano-tube periosteum, the particle diameter of metallic catalyst is 5nm～5 μ m.
Sulfate or the nitrate catalyst of one or more metals among described Pt, Pd, Mo, Ni, Co, Y, the Sn consist of: Pt/Ni, Pt/Ni/Y, Pt/Ni/Co, Pt/Ni/Mo, Pt/Mo/Co, Pt/Ni/Sn, Pd/Ni, Pd/Ni/Mo, Pd/Ni/Y, Pd/Ni/Co, Pd/Mo/Co, Pd/Ni/Sn.
The device that is used for test fuel cell combination electrode performance comprises the top electrode fixed metal plate, upper graphite electrode plate, upper combination electrode, proton exchange membrane, lower combination electrode, lower graphite electrode plate, the bottom electrode fixed metal plate, oxygen intake pipe, the oxygen blast pipe, catalyst layer, voltmeter, the hydrogen blast pipe, the hydrogen gas pipe, support, manually control lift valve, thermocouple, temperature control water tank, Temperature controlled heater, the hydrogen humidifier escape pipe, hydrogen humidifier, oxygen humidifier, the hydrogen flowmeter escape pipe, hydrogen flowmeter, the hydrogen flowmeter air inlet pipe, the oxygen flow meter air inlet pipe, oxygen flow meter, the oxygen flow meter escape pipe, the oxygen humidifier air inlet pipe, the oxygen humidifier escape pipe, the hydrogen humidifier air inlet pipe, air drain; Be provided with successively from top to bottom the bottom electrode fixed metal plate in the support, lower graphite electrode plate, lower combination electrode, proton exchange membrane, upper combination electrode, upper graphite electrode plate, the top electrode fixed metal plate, the bottom electrode fixed metal plate is provided with oxygen intake pipe, the oxygen blast pipe, the top electrode fixed metal plate is provided with the hydrogen blast pipe, the hydrogen gas pipe, top electrode fixed metal plate top is provided with manual control lift valve, be placed with hydrogen humidifier and oxygen humidifier in the constant temperature control tank, constant temperature control tank has Temperature controlled heater, hydrogen cylinder links to each other with the air inlet pipe of hydrogen flowmeter, the hydrogen flowmeter escape pipe links to each other with the import of hydrogen humidifier air inlet pipe, the import of hydrogen humidifier links to each other with the hydrogen gas pipe, oxygen cylinder links to each other with the oxygen flow meter air inlet pipe, the oxygen flow meter escape pipe links to each other with the oxygen humidifier air inlet pipe, the oxygen humidifier escape pipe links to each other with oxygen intake pipe, and the both positive and negative polarity of voltmeter links to each other with the top electrode fixed metal plate with the bottom electrode fixed metal plate respectively; Described upper combination electrode and lower combination electrode are provided with carbon paper or ironed foamed nickel substrate, and carbon paper or ironed foamed nickel substrate are provided with single wall or multi-wall carbon nano-tube periosteum, and single wall or multi-wall carbon nano-tube periosteum are provided with catalyst layer.
The present invention adopts advanced material and simple process to prepare the hydrogen fuel cell combination electrode, and research and utilization relative low price single plant metal or various metals alloy as catalyst, for fuel cell manufacture with a kind of method that reduces cost that provides is provided.Adopt Single Walled Carbon Nanotube ultrathin film and the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes that the CVD legal system is standby of arc discharge method preparation to utilize silk screen printing to make film, these two kinds of films have super large surface area and conductive characteristic, are fit to efficient carrying metal catalyst.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is the fuel cell test device structural representation;
Fig. 1 (b) is temperature control water tank outline drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 1 (c) is hydrogen humidifier of the present invention, oxygen humidifier structural representation;
Fig. 1 (d) is hydrogen flowmeter of the present invention, oxygen flow meter structural representation;
Fig. 2 is top electrode graphite electrode plate structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is bottom electrode graphite electrode plate structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is upper combination electrode of the present invention, proton exchange membrane and combination electrode decomposing schematic representation.
Embodiment
The preparation method's of combined electrode of fuel cell step is as follows
1) carbon paper or ironed nickel foam are cut into the rectangular substrate of some groups of 30mm*50mm sizes, utilize arc discharge method Single Walled Carbon Nanotube to be synthesized directly (patent No.: ZL 200810059552.4) makes combination electrode on substrate, and process with alcohol;
Perhaps utilize silk screen print method that multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is printed on carbon paper or the thin foamed nickel substrate and make combination electrode;
2) combination electrode is electroplated under the direct voltage of 0.5V～5V, electroplating solution is the Pt that contains as metallic catalyst, Pd, Mo, Ni, Co, Y, the sulfate of one or more metals among the Sn or the solution of nitrate, anode is graphite rod or graphite cake, negative electrode is the combination electrode that forms with single wall or multi-walled carbon nano-tubes respectively with carbon paper or thin foamed nickel substrate, the plating time is 5s～50s, temperature in the electroplating process is controlled at 40 degree, plating catalyst layer on the single wall of combination electrode or multi-wall carbon nano-tube periosteum, the particle diameter of metallic catalyst is 5nm～5 μ m.
Sulfate or the nitrate catalyst of one or more metals among described Pt, Pd, Mo, Ni, Co, Y, the Sn consist of: Pt/Ni, Pt/Ni/Y, Pt/Ni/Co, Pt/Ni/Mo, Pt/Mo/Co, Pt/Ni/Sn, Pd/Ni, Pd/Ni/Mo, Pd/Ni/Y, Pd/Ni/Co, Pd/Mo/Co, Pd/Ni/Sn.
As shown in Figure 1, the combined electrode of fuel cell testing apparatus comprises top electrode fixed metal plate 1, upper graphite electrode plate 2, upper combination electrode 3, proton exchange membrane 4(Nafion117 du pont company is produced), lower combination electrode 5, lower graphite electrode plate 6, bottom electrode fixed metal plate 7, oxygen intake pipe 8, oxygen blast pipe 9, catalyst layer 10, voltmeter 11, hydrogen blast pipe 12, hydrogen gas pipe 13, support 14, manually control lift valve 15, thermocouple 16, temperature control water tank 17, Temperature controlled heater 18, hydrogen humidifier escape pipe 19, hydrogen humidifier 20, oxygen humidifier 21, hydrogen flowmeter escape pipe 22, hydrogen flowmeter 23, hydrogen flowmeter air inlet pipe 24, oxygen flow meter air inlet pipe 25, oxygen flow meter 26, oxygen flow meter escape pipe 27, oxygen humidifier air inlet pipe 28, oxygen humidifier escape pipe 29, hydrogen humidifier air inlet pipe 30, air drain 31; Be provided with successively from top to bottom bottom electrode fixed metal plate 7 in the support 14, lower graphite electrode plate 6, lower combination electrode 5, proton exchange membrane 4, upper combination electrode 3, upper graphite electrode plate 2, top electrode fixed metal plate 1, bottom electrode fixed metal plate 7 is provided with oxygen intake pipe 8, oxygen blast pipe 9, top electrode fixed metal plate 2 is provided with hydrogen blast pipe 12, hydrogen gas pipe 13, top electrode fixed metal plate 1 top is provided with manual control lift valve 15, be placed with hydrogen humidifier 20 and oxygen humidifier 21 in the constant temperature control tank 17, constant temperature control tank 17 has Temperature controlled heater 18, hydrogen cylinder links to each other with the air inlet pipe 24 of hydrogen flowmeter 23, hydrogen flowmeter escape pipe 22 links to each other with 30 imports of hydrogen humidifier air inlet pipe, the import 19 of hydrogen humidifier 20 links to each other with hydrogen gas pipe 13, oxygen cylinder links to each other with oxygen flow meter air inlet pipe 25, oxygen flow meter escape pipe 27 links to each other with oxygen humidifier air inlet pipe 28, oxygen humidifier escape pipe 29 links to each other with oxygen intake pipe 8, and the both positive and negative polarity of voltmeter 11 links to each other with top electrode fixed metal plate 1 with bottom electrode fixed metal plate 7 respectively; Described upper combination electrode 3 and lower combination electrode 5 are provided with carbon paper or ironed foamed nickel substrate, and carbon paper or ironed foamed nickel substrate are provided with single wall or multi-wall carbon nano-tube periosteum, and single wall or multi-wall carbon nano-tube periosteum are provided with catalyst layer 10.
Embodiment is carried out according to following table.Utilize electric plating method that metallic catalyst is plated on the single wall or multi-wall carbon nano-tube periosteum of different composite electrode, change respectively electroplating time and electroplate used direct voltage, form 12 kinds of embodiments.The sample of making under different condition is assembled into respectively fuel cell, is installed on the testing apparatus and tests, and the data that filler test goes out form eight embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Test with experimental program 1, namely take carbon paper/single-wall carbon nanotube membrane as combination electrode, plate Ni/Pd thereon, electroplating time: the time of metal lining Ni is 10 seconds, and the time of metal lining Pd is 50 seconds.Electroplating temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, and electroplating the direct voltage of selecting is 0.5V, and the open circuit voltage that records fuel cell is 0.78V.
Embodiment 2:
Test with experimental program 3, namely take carbon paper/single wall carbon nano-tube film as combination electrode, plate Pd/Ni/Sn thereon, electroplating time: the time of metal lining Pd is 50 seconds, and the time of metal lining Ni is 10 seconds, and the time of metal lining Sn is 5 seconds.Electroplating temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, and electroplating the direct voltage of selecting is 5V, and the open circuit voltage that records fuel cell is 0.81V.
Embodiment 3:
Test with experimental program 4, namely take carbon paper/multi-wall carbon nano-tube film as combination electrode, plate Ni/Pd thereon, electroplating time: the time of metal lining Ni is 10 seconds, and the time of metal lining Pd is 50 seconds.Electroplating temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, and electroplating the direct voltage of selecting is 0.5V, and the open circuit voltage that records fuel cell is 0.71V.
Embodiment 4:
Test with experimental program 6, namely take carbon paper/multi-wall carbon nano-tube film as combination electrode, plate Pd/Ni/Sn thereon, electroplating time: the time of metal lining Ni is 10 seconds, and the time of metal lining Pd is 50 seconds, and the time of metal lining Sn is 5 seconds.Electroplating temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, and electroplating the direct voltage of selecting is 5V, and the open circuit voltage that records fuel cell is 0.67V.
Embodiment 5:
Test with experimental program 7, namely take nickel foam/single wall carbon nano-tube film as combination electrode, plate Ni/Pd thereon, electroplating time: the time of metal lining Ni is 10 seconds, and the time of metal lining Pd is 50 seconds.Electroplating temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, and electroplating the direct voltage of selecting is 1V, and the open circuit voltage that records fuel cell is 0.56V.
Embodiment 6:
Test with experimental program 9, namely take nickel foam/single wall carbon nano-tube film as combination electrode, plate Pd/Ni/Sn thereon, electroplating time: the time of metal lining Pd is 50 seconds, and the time of metal lining Ni is 10 seconds, and the time of metal lining Sn is 5 seconds.Electroplating temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, and electroplating the direct voltage of selecting is 4V, and the open circuit voltage that records fuel cell is 0.61V.
Embodiment 7:
Test with experimental program 10, namely take nickel foam/multi-wall carbon nano-tube film as combination electrode, plate Ni/Pd thereon, electroplating time: the time of metal lining Ni is 10 seconds, and the time of metal lining Pd is 50 seconds.Electroplating temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, and electroplating the direct voltage of selecting is 0.5V, and the open circuit voltage that records fuel cell is 0.71V.
Embodiment 8:
Test with experimental program 12, namely take nickel foam/multi-wall carbon nano-tube film as combination electrode, plate Pd/Ni/Sn thereon, electroplating time: the time of metal lining Ni is 10 seconds, and the time of metal lining Pd is 50 seconds, and the time of metal lining Sn is 5 seconds.Electroplating temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, and electroplating the direct voltage of selecting is 5V, and the open circuit voltage that records fuel cell is 0.63V.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a combined electrode of fuel cell is characterized in that its step is as follows:
1) carbon paper or ironed nickel foam are cut into the rectangular substrate of some groups of 30mm*50mm sizes, utilize arc discharge method that Single Walled Carbon Nanotube is directly synthesized at substrate and make combination electrode, and process with alcohol;
Perhaps utilize silk screen print method that multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is printed on and make combination electrode on the substrate;
2) combination electrode is electroplated under the direct voltage of 0.5V～5V, electroplating solution is sulfate or the nitrate solution that contains the various metals among Pt, Pd as metallic catalyst, Mo, Ni, Co, Y, the Sn, anode is graphite rod or graphite cake, negative electrode is the combination electrode that forms with single wall or multi-walled carbon nano-tubes respectively with carbon paper or thin foamed nickel substrate, the plating time is 5s～50s, temperature in the electroplating process is controlled at 40 ℃, plating catalyst layer on the single wall of combination electrode or multi-wall carbon nano-tube periosteum, the particle diameter of metallic catalyst is 5nm～5 μ m;
Form consisting of of catalyst layer behind the sulfate of the various metals among described Pt, Pd, Mo, Ni, Co, Y, the Sn or the nitrate plating: Pt/Ni, Pt/Ni/Y, Pt/Ni/Co, Pt/Ni/Mo, Pt/Mo/Co, Pt/Ni/Sn, Pd/Ni, Pd/Ni/Mo, Pd/Ni/Y, Pd/Ni/Co, Pd/Mo/Co, Pd/Ni/Sn.
2. a combined electrode of fuel cell testing apparatus is characterized in that comprising top electrode fixed metal plate (1), upper graphite electrode plate (2), upper combination electrode (3), proton exchange membrane (4), lower combination electrode (5), lower graphite electrode plate (6), bottom electrode fixed metal plate (7), oxygen intake pipe (8), oxygen blast pipe (9), catalyst layer (10), voltmeter (11), hydrogen blast pipe (12), hydrogen gas pipe (13), support (14), manually control lift valve (15), thermocouple (16), constant temperature control tank (17), Temperature controlled heater (18), hydrogen humidifier escape pipe (19), hydrogen humidifier (20), oxygen humidifier (21), hydrogen flowmeter escape pipe (22), hydrogen flowmeter (23), hydrogen flowmeter air inlet pipe (24), oxygen flow meter air inlet pipe (25), oxygen flow meter (26), oxygen flow meter escape pipe (27), oxygen humidifier air inlet pipe (28), oxygen humidifier escape pipe (29), hydrogen humidifier air inlet pipe (30), air drain (31); Described upper combination electrode (3), the combination electrode that lower combination electrode (5) makes for the preparation method of a kind of combined electrode of fuel cell according to claim 1, be provided with successively from top to bottom bottom electrode fixed metal plate (7) in the support (14), lower graphite electrode plate (6), lower combination electrode (5), proton exchange membrane (4), upper combination electrode (3), upper graphite electrode plate (2), top electrode fixed metal plate (1), bottom electrode fixed metal plate (7) is provided with oxygen intake pipe (8), oxygen blast pipe (9), top electrode fixed metal plate (2) is provided with hydrogen blast pipe (12), hydrogen gas pipe (13), top electrode fixed metal plate (1) top is provided with manual control lift valve (15), be placed with hydrogen humidifier (20) and oxygen humidifier (21) in the constant temperature control tank (17), constant temperature control tank (17) has Temperature controlled heater (18), hydrogen cylinder links to each other with the air inlet pipe (24) of hydrogen flowmeter (23), hydrogen flowmeter escape pipe (22) links to each other with hydrogen humidifier air inlet pipe (30) import, the escape pipe of hydrogen humidifier (19) links to each other with hydrogen gas pipe (13), oxygen cylinder links to each other with oxygen flow meter air inlet pipe (25), oxygen flow meter escape pipe (27) links to each other with oxygen humidifier air inlet pipe (28), oxygen humidifier escape pipe (29) links to each other with oxygen intake pipe (8), and the both positive and negative polarity of voltmeter (11) links to each other with top electrode fixed metal plate (1) with bottom electrode fixed metal plate (7) respectively.
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| CN102709569A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-03 | 常德力元新材料有限责任公司 | Porous metal composite material |
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| CN103904337B (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-12-30 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | The preparation method of paper-graphite-CoPd membrane electrode |
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| CN103972485B (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-07-20 | 常德力元新材料有限责任公司 | A kind of porous metals combination electrode material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110890559B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2022-11-15 | 中南林业科技大学 | Preparation method of carbonized wood loaded PdCo alloy composite electrocatalyst |
| CN112968186B (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2022-06-14 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Carbon-loaded PtNiY catalyst material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115050980A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2022-09-13 | 上海轩玳科技有限公司 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell structure |
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