CN102084613A - 缓存业务获取数据的动态业务过滤 - Google Patents
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Abstract
在开机或物理信道改变之后的接收设备处,针对与先前为其缓存了电子业务指南(ESG)数据的业务有关的活动监测物理信道。业务的ESG数据包括诸如与业务相关联的因特网协议(IP)地址等一些业务标识信息。可以通过监听与业务相关联的IP地址来实现针对与业务有关的活动对物理信道的监测。如果检测到活动,则确定业务是活动的,并且其缓存ESG数据有效。使用缓存ESG数据中包括的业务获取数据将业务提供给用户。因此,本发明允许只要业务被检测为活动的,就可以使用缓存ESG数据将业务提供给用户,而无需等待接收新ESG数据。未检测到活动的业务的缓存ESG数据不被使用,并且可以在特定时间段后从缓存删除。
Description
相关专利申请
本申请根据35U.S.C.§119(e)要求2008年7月2日提交的美国临时申请No.61/077,543的优先权,该申请的全部内容和文件通过引用结合于此,以用于各种目的。
技术领域
本发明总地涉及通信***,更具体而言,涉及数字广播***和电子业务指南业务。
背景技术
数字电视广播***一般具有用于发送与业务获取、业务信息和调度等有关的数据的电子业务指南(ESG)机制等。通过ESG机制提供的信息,最终用户可以选择他们可能感兴趣的业务和项目,以及在他们的终端中找到存储的项目。可以为其提供ESG信息的业务的示例可以包括音频、视频和文件下载业务等,以及ESG本身。标准ESG格式的示例包括DVB-CBMS、TV-Anytime和Open Mobile Alliance(OMA)定义的格式。
在使用基于因特网协议(IP)的业务封装的数字广播***中,用于给定业务的数据被表示为一个或多个IP流的集合,其中每个流与某个IP地址(和/或端口)相关联。一种IP封装方案例如是针对DVB-H规定的,并且还针对ATSC-M/H提出。对在给定物理信道上可用的各种业务的IP流进行复用,并且在数据的时间突发中广播。当接收设备向用户提供用户选定的业务(例如选定网络TV频道的视频流)时,接收设备将接收被广播的数据(例如所有可用TV频道的视频流)的时间突发内的所有数据,但是仅选择、处理和提供与选定业务相关联的数据。利用基于IP的***,一般使用与选定业务相关联的IP地址进行关联。ESG机制提供的业务获取数据将使用例如会话描述协议(SDP)语法来标识与给定业务有关的IP地址。ESG本身可以是复用数据中的业务。
在给定物理信道上可用的业务集合的ESG数据一般在相同物理信道上发送。因此,为了接收物理信道的ESG数据,接收设备必须首先调谐到该信道。接收设备在开机或调谐到给定信道之后,可能需要几秒钟来接收足够的ESG数据以识别在该信道上提供的业务,并将它们提供给用户。
接收设备可以通过缓存给定物理信道的业务获取数据,从而该信息在信道改变或电源关闭后重开之后可用,来改善用户体验。在返回信道或开机之后,假设最后有效的配置仍旧有效,直到可以接收业务获取数据以对接收机给出其他指示。
但是,依靠缓存业务获取数据可能存在问题,当在给定信道上提供动态业务集合时尤为如此。例如,在提供多种业务的广播***中,可能希望***操作员能够动态控制给定时刻可用的业务集合。例如,当用户离家外出且忙碌时,移动广播业务可能占用一天中的大部分时间。类似地,当用户更可能在家访问大屏幕高清(HD)终端时,HD电视业务可能占用大部分主要观看时段。因此,***操作员可以选择在白天将更多带宽分配给移动业务,而在晚上把更多带宽分配给HD业务——例如在白天提供标清(SD)业务和两种移动业务而不提供HD业务,在晚上提供SD业务和HD业务而不提供移动业务。为满足业务的这种改变,在给定物理信道上广播的业务集合可能在一天之中变化,此时先前缓存的业务获取数据可能无法准确反映当前可用的业务集合。接收设备不能向用户提供缓存业务获取数据不再有效的业务,直到接收到更新的ESG数据。因此,在业务可用性已改变的情况下,接收设备处的缓存ESG数据可能提供下降的用户体验,因为在接收设备再次接收有效的业务获取数据之前,可能不能向用户提供业务。
一些ESG标准提供用于标识ESG数据的片段有效的时间窗的字段。例如,开放移动联盟的“Service Guide for Mobile Broadcast Services”规范提供了validFrom和validTo字段,用于标识给定业务的有效时间窗(例如参见OMA-BCAST Service Guide for Mobile Broadcast Services,Draft Version 1.1 May 19 2009)。但是,这些字段的应用性受限于以上讨论的问题。这些字段提供有效性时间窗的绝对日期/时间标识。这限制了接收机仅将这些字段用于缓存ESG数据中包括的时间窗。接收机很有可能在可应用的有效性时间窗之后的某个时间关闭并重开。
此外,在业务广播在离线之前不具有清楚定义的结束时间的直播事件的情况下,使用来自缓存ESG数据的这些字段可能产生问题。validTo字段可能只表示直播事件的结束时间(亦关乎业务有效性)的最佳猜测,从而导致上面提到的业务提供延迟问题。
发明内容
在本发明的示例性方法中,在开机或物理信道改变之后的接收设备处,针对与先前为其缓存了电子业务指南(ESG)数据的业务有关的活动监测物理信道。业务的ESG数据包括诸如与业务相关联的因特网协议(IP)地址等一些业务标识信息。可以通过监听与业务相关联的IP地址来实现针对与业务有关的活动对物理信道的监测。如果检测到活动,则确定业务是活动的,并且其缓存ESG数据有效。使用缓存ESG数据中包括的业务获取数据将业务提供给用户。因此,示例性方法允许只要业务被检测为活动的,就可以使用缓存ESG数据将业务提供给用户,而无需等待接收新ESG数据。未检测到活动的业务的缓存ESG数据不被使用,并且可以在特定时间段后从缓存删除。
根据本发明的示例性实施例允许在接收设备开机或物理信道改变之后快速获取物理信道上的可用业务。这有助于给定物理信道上的业务的动态调度。
参考以上描述,从详细说明和附图可以明白,可以获得其他实施例和特征,它们都落在本发明原理之内。
附图说明
现在参考附图,仅作为示例描述根据本发明实施例的装置和/或方法的一些实施例,附图中:
图1是根据本发明原理的示意性***的框图;以及
图2是根据本发明原理更新缓存电子业务指南(ESG)数据的示例性方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
除了本发明原理之外,附图中示出的特征都是公知的,并且不再详述。例如,除了本发明原理之外,还假设熟悉离散多音频(DMT)传输(也称作正交频分复用OFDM或编码正交频分复用COFDM),此处不再详述。此外,假设熟悉电视广播、接收机和视频编码,此处不再详述。例如,除了本发明原理之外,还假设熟悉当前和建议的TV标准例如NTSC(国家电视***委员会)、PAL(逐行倒相)、SECAM(顺序存储彩电制式)和ATSC(先进电视制式委员会)、中国数字广播***(GB)20600-2006和DVB-H。类似地,除了本发明的原理以外,还假设熟悉例如8级残留边带(8-VSB)、正交幅度调制(QAM)等其他传输原理,以及例如射频(RF)前端(例如低噪声块、调谐器、下变频器等)、解调器、相关器、泄漏积分器(leak integrator)和矩形波形成电路等接收机组件。此外,除了本发明原理之外,还假设熟悉诸如因特网协议(IP)、因特网协议封装器(IPE)、实时传输协议(RTP)、RTP控制协议(RTCP)、用户数据报协议(UDP)、传输控制协议(TCP)、会话描述协议(SDP)、单向文件传输协议(FLUTE)协议、和异步分层编码(ALC)协议等协议,此处不再详述。类似地,除了本发明原理之外,用于生成传输比特流的格式和编码方法(例如运动图像专家组MPEG-2***标准ISO/IEC13818-1)是公知的,此处不再详述。还应当注意,可以使用传统的编程技术实现本发明的原理,此处亦不再详述。最后,相似的附图标记表示相似的特征。
图1示出了根据本发明原理的示意性***。基于一个或多个输入信号101,发射机105通过物理信道向诸如接收装置150的一个或多个接收设备发送信号106。例如,在OFDM***中,通过一个或多个频率信道将信号106广播到能够针对接收信号106而调谐的接收设备。所述一个或多个输入信号101可以来自要经由广播信号106提供的业务的各个源,所述业务例如是流音频/视频业务、文件下载业务等。
接收装置150包括接收机155(例如DTV接收机)、处理器160、数据存储装置(例如存储器170)和用户输入/输出接口块180。这样,接收装置150是基于处理器的设备。接收装置150可以例如是蜂窝电话、移动TV、机顶盒(STB)、或数字电视机(DTV)等。在诸如包括集成显示器和用户输入按钮的蜂窝电话等设备中,用户I/O块180可以表示显示器和按钮。但是,在诸如STB的设备中,用户I/O块180例如可以表示高清多媒体接口(HDMI)模块,用于与HDTV监视器(未示出)接口。
接收机155接收由接收信号151表示的从发射机105广播的信号106。接收机155可以接收来自诸如发射机105的多个发射机的多信号广播,在此情况下接收信号151将表示这些信号的某种组合。一般地,基于用户输入,接收机155将调谐到或选择接收信号151中包含的广播信号之一,并从其产生信号156。因此,如果接收机155被调谐以接收从发射机105广播的信号106,则信号156将表示信号106。可以以传统方式实现和操作发射机105和接收机155。
在基于分组的***中,信号106和156运送数据分组,每个分组与通过到接收装置150的物理信道提供的一个或多个业务相关联。如上所述,这些业务可以包括ESG、音频、视频和文件下载业务,等等。
如图1所示,将信号156提供给处理器160以供处理,如下所详述的那样。处理器160经由双向总线166耦合到用户I/O块180和存储器170,处理器160可以向存储器170写数据和从存储器170读数据。存储器170可以是随机存取存储器(RAM)等。存储器170可以在接收装置150关机或不活动时保持其内容。
基于处理器160通过信号156接收到的ESG相关分组提取的信息,处理器160建立和维护存储器170中的ESG缓存175。因为一般在不同物理信道上提供不同业务,ESG一般是信道特定的(channel-specific)。因此,在不同信道上发送不同ESG信息。因此,处理器160优选地针对接收机155调谐到的每个物理信道缓存ESG数据。可以针对每个信道将缓存ESG数据组织成单个缓存,或者针对多个信道组织成更大的缓存。为简明起见,示出了一个ESG缓存175,假设其包含针对一个物理信道的ESG数据。
ESG缓存175将包含在相关联的物理信道上可用的每个业务的ESG数据。缓存ESG数据与标识其所属业务的信息相关联。因此,如图1所示,可以将ESG缓存175一般地组织为具有相对应的业务标识信息(SID1-SIDn)的ESG数据(ESG1-ESGn)的表。业务标识信息可以包括例如IP地址、端口号、或MPEG分组标识符(PID),等等。优选地,业务标识信息是在分组头部等中包含的信息,其易于被检查,而无需对编码的载荷数据进行解码或大量处理。此外,虽然考虑了业务与业务标识信息之间的关联有时可能改变,但是优选地,这种改变不会比ESG数据的广播更频繁地发生。
在示例性实施例中,缓存ESG数据包括业务获取数据。业务获取数据是给定***广播其以供获取业务的接收机使用的ESG数据的一部分。它可以是给定***使用的任何格式,并且可以是基于标准的或专有的。例如,对于基于OMA-BCAST的***而言,业务获取数据将包含在“OMA-BCAST Service Guide for Mobile Broadcast Services,Draft Version 1.1,May 19 2009”中描述的SDP片段(亦见于RFC 4566,Session Description Protocol)。OMA-BCAST Service Guide描述了用于提供获取业务必需的参数的几种机制。例如,可以从OMA-BCASTService Guide(例如参见5.1.2.4节)描述的Access片段的SDP元素获取与业务相关联的IP地址。在该实施例中,接收机将缓存包含Access片段的XML,该片段又包含SDP。
处理器160通过信号156接收ESG数据,ESG数据被缓存在ESG缓存175中。在接收装置150开机或接收机155重调谐到缓存ESG数据所属的物理信道之后,处理器160将根据下面描述的示例性方法更新缓存ESG数据的有效性。只要缓存ESG数据仍旧有效,它就可以用于(经由用户I/O块180)向接收装置150的用户提供业务。被确定为无效的缓存ESG数据不被使用,并且可以从缓存删除。
图2是用于处理缓存ESG数据的根据本发明的示例性方法的流程图。如上所述,接收装置150有时会接收到ESG数据,如步骤210所示。ESG数据的接收可能以规则间隔周期性地发生或随机发生。在220,接收的ESG数据被缓存在存储器170中。在此后的某个时刻,在230,将发生诸如接收装置150开机或接收机155重调谐到新物理信道之类的事件,此后先前缓存的ESG数据可能不再有效,从而需要更新缓存ESG数据的有效性。诸如上次缓存ESG数据之后的时间段到期等其他事件也可能触发这种更新。
在240,基于缓存ESG数据组织业务标识信息(SID)列表。如上所述,针对每个业务缓存的ESG数据将包含业务获取数据和标识该业务的信息,例如与业务相关联的一个或多个IP地址。其他此类标识信息可以包括例如UDP端口号和MPEG分组标识符(PID)。此外,缓存ESG数据可以包含用于标识缓存ESG数据(例如业务获取数据)的有效性的时间窗的validFrom和validTo字段。使用这些数据和业务标识信息,根据针对当前应当活动的业务缓存的ESG数据,为这些业务组织标识信息列表。
在250,接收装置150的处理器160针对与上述业务标识信息列表中标识的业务相关联的任何数据,监听信号156中的输入复用数据。换言之,处理器160将检查在传入的复用数据上接收的分组的头部,以确定它们是否包含在列表中找到的标识信息(例如IP地址、端口号、MPEG PID)。如果在传入流中检测到列表中的标识信息,则确定与该标识信息相对应的业务是活动的,确认(confirm)先前在缓存175中针对这些业务缓存的ESG数据的有效性。在260将针对这些业务的ESG缓存条目标记为“确认”等,从而通知处理器160或能够访问ESG缓存175的其他实体,可以确信这些ESG缓存条目是有效的。因此,对于在传入数据流中检测到的与缓存ESG数据指示其活动的业务相对应的标识信息,将缓存ESG数据视为有效,并且可用于向用户提供所述业务。这样,只要检测到业务是活动的,先前针对该业务缓存的业务获取数据就可用于获取业务以便提供给用户,从而避免在开机或物理信道改变之后与等待接收更新ESG数据相关联的延迟。随着接收到更多数据突发,附加的业务可能被检测为活动的,从而使得它们也可被提供给用户。
对于上述列表中未在传入流中检测到的业务标识信息,相对应的缓存ESG数据将不被用于向用户提供业务。这些缓存ESG数据可在260被标记为“未确认”等,以通知处理器160或能够访问ESG缓存175的任何其他实体,不能确信这些ESG缓存条目是有效的。有效性未被确认的缓存ESG数据可以留在缓存中,直到它被新ESG数据盖写。或者,如果在预定时间间隔期满之后,仍未检测到与列表中的业务标识信息相关联的活动,则可以确定与该标识信息相关联的缓存ESG数据无效,并且可以在260相应地标记该缓存ESG数据或从缓存删除。用于确定缓存ESG数据无效的时间间隔可以是例如接收到的数据突发的预定时间间隔或数量。
使用如上更新的缓存ESG数据,直到在210再次接收到ESG数据,此时利用新接收的ESG数据更新ESG缓存175。
应当注意,接收设备将一般接收在物理层处时间突发内的所有数据。因此,对于接收设备而言,没有附加的接收开销用于分析在给定物理信道上接收的所有数据。
如上所述,可以通过检查接收到的数据突发中的分组的头部来监测所述数据突发中的业务标识信息。在示例性实施例中,通过开启针对上述ESG缓存列表中的每个IP地址(和端口)的插口(socket)来执行这种监测。当在该插口接收到数据时,相关联的业务被检测为活动的,并且确认针对该业务缓存的ESG数据有效。驱动器堆栈负责实际分析分组头部和将分组引导到合适的插口。在接收机开机期间,插口可以保持开启,并且在接收到针对业务的数据时,业务被标记为活动的。
已知为了省电,存在时间分片机制,其允许接收机将其接收仅限制为与当前选择的业务有关的数据突发。时间分片通过针对与当前使用的业务无关的突发关闭接收来节电。在所描述的示例性方法中,在希望在尚无业务被使用时(例如在开机或物理信道改变之后)快速获取有效业务的情况下,时间片是无关的并且可以被禁用。
上文仅描述了本发明的原理,因此应当理解,本领域技术人员能够设计多种备选布置,虽然本文没有明确描述这些备选布置,但它们体现了本发明的原理并且落在其精神和范围内。例如,虽然在独立功能元件的上下文中进行描述,但这些功能元件可以在一个或多个集成电路(IC)中实现。类似地,虽然示为独立元件,但是可以在受存储的程序控制的处理器(例如数字信号处理器或执行与一个或多个步骤相对应的相关软件的通用处理器,所述软件可以在多种合适的存储介质中的任意一种中实现)中实现一些或全部元件。此外,本发明的原理适用于其他类型的通信***,例如卫星、Wireless-Fidelity(Wi-Fi)、蜂窝、等等。事实上,本发明的原理还适用于静态或移动接收机。因此应当理解,可以对所示实施例作出多种修改,并且可以设计其他布置,而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。
Claims (14)
1.一种电子业务指南ESG方法,包括:
接收针对在物理信道上可用的多个业务的ESG数据,所述ESG数据包括针对所述多个业务中的每一个的业务获取数据;
存储所述ESG数据;
针对与所述多个业务中的至少一个有关的活动,监测物理信道,其中如果在物理信道上检测到与业务有关的活动,则确定该业务是活动业务;以及
使用存储的针对活动业务的业务获取数据来向用户提供所述活动业务。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述ESG数据包括业务标识数据,针对活动监测物理信道包括针对所述多个业务中的至少一个的业务标识数据来在物理信道上进行监听。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述业务标识数据包括因特网协议IP地址、端口号和分组标识符PID中的至少一个。
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中针对业务标识数据来在物理信道上进行监听包括分析分组头部。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中针对至少一个业务的ESG数据包括指示ESG数据的有效性的时间窗的数据,其中在所述有效性的时间窗内监测针对所述至少一个业务的活动。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中在开机或信道改变事件中的至少一个之后,执行针对活动监测物理信道的步骤。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括删除针对未在预定时间间隔中检测到活动的业务所存储的ESG数据。
8.一种电子业务指南ESG装置,包括:
接收机,所述接收机针对在物理信道上可用的多个业务,在物理信道上接收数据,所述数据包括ESG数据,所述ESG数据包括针对所述多个业务中的每一个的业务获取数据;
数据存储装置,存储所述ESG数据;
处理器,所述处理器针对与所述多个业务中的至少一个有关的活动,监测在物理信道上接收的数据,其中如果处理器在物理信道上检测到与业务有关的活动,则处理器确定该业务是活动业务;以及
用户接口,所述处理器使用存储的针对活动业务的业务获取数据来经由所述用户接口向用户提供所述活动业务。
9.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其中所述ESG数据包括业务标识数据,所述处理器通过针对所述多个业务中的至少一个的业务标识数据在物理信道上进行监听,来监测在物理信道上接收的数据。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中所述业务标识数据包括因特网协议IP地址、端口号和分组标识符PID中的至少一个。
11.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中所述处理器通过分析分组头部来针对业务标识数据在物理信道进行监听。
12.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其中针对至少一个业务的ESG数据包括指示ESG数据的有效性的时间窗的数据,其中所述处理器在所述有效性的时间窗内针对与所述至少一个业务有关的活动监测在物理信道上接收的数据。
13.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其中所述处理器在开机或信道改变事件中的至少一个之后,针对活动监测在物理信道上接收的数据。
14.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其中所述处理器从数据存储装置删除针对未在预定时间间隔中检测到活动的业务的ESG数据。
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- 2009-06-29 JP JP2011516328A patent/JP2011527142A/ja active Pending
- 2009-06-29 EP EP09773895A patent/EP2297883A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-06-29 CN CN2009801257424A patent/CN102084613A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI0913975A2 (pt) | 2015-10-27 |
US20110099577A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
WO2010002442A1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
KR20110031363A (ko) | 2011-03-25 |
JP2011527142A (ja) | 2011-10-20 |
EP2297883A1 (en) | 2011-03-23 |
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