CN102081368B - Distributed feedforward active control system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cascadable feedforward active control unit and a distributed active control system consisting of the units in a cascading mode. The unit comprises a reference signal condition module, an error signal condition module, a digital signal processing module, a filtering module, a control signal drive module, a cascading communication module and a serial communication module, adopts a feedforward single-channel adaptive control algorithm and has a good control effect; the control system is stable; the unit can be independently used as a single-channel feedforward active control system; the cascading communication module of the unit is connected with the other units, so that the distributed feedforward active control system consists of a plurality of units in a serial cascading mode; the total number of channels of the control system can be arbitrarily increased and reduced according to the requirement; information transmission among the units is realized through the cascading communication module; and the serial communication module of the unit is connected with a computer, and the single-channel feedforward active control system or the distributed feedforward active control system consisting of the units is managed by the computer. The distributed active control system consists of a plurality of feedforward active control units in the cascading mode, and can replace a multi-channel controller on an occasion that the number of channels of the controller is large; the complexity and implementation cost of the control system are reduced; and the control system is easy to operate and flexibly configured, and has real-time control capability.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distributed active guidance system.The present invention is specially adapted to, but is not limited to, but the feedforward active control module cascaded series of a plurality of cascades is become distributed feedforward active control system, uses in the occasion of a plurality of control channels of needs.
Two, background technology
Active controller is the core of active guidance system, is widely used in the noise and vibration control field.Active controller picks up original noise or vibration signal, drives control source (loudspeaker or vibrator) by calculating, and noise or vibration signal and original noise or vibration signal interaction that the control source is produced reach the purpose that reduces noise or vibration.Active controller is obvious to the inhibition of low-frequency noise and vibration, has remedied traditional noise and vibration control method in the poor shortcoming of low-frequency effect.At present, the active noise control system of active controller in extensively should active noise control system, active antinoise earmuff, active anti-noise earplug, aircraft and car cabin in pipeline.Also there is large quantity research in the fields such as noise control, traffic noise control and transformer noise control at case for communication equipment.
Active controller has single channel and multichannel, in the little occasion in control target area, such as active antinoise earmuff and active anti-noise earplug, can use the single channel control system.In the larger occasion in control target area, such as the Active noise control using in aircraft and the car cabin, high-power transformer Active noise control using, active noise reduction sound barrier and virtual sound screen, need to use multi-channel control system.
For Multi Channel Controller, along with the increase of port number, operand increases the geometric series form, because the restriction of chip arithmetic capability, prior art is difficult to the above controller of realization 16 passages.On the other hand, the increase of operand need be adopted high-end digital processing chip, and cost is very high.For example, the EZ-ANC II type active controller that Australia Kao Zi system house produces is 10 passages, the active controller that Nanjing University's acoustics is developed is 16 passages, domestic other research unit such as Northwestern Polytechnical University, Acoustical Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences etc. also study and have made some active controllers, these controller channel numbers generally are less than 16, application power is limited, is mainly used in scientific research and basic experiment.
Therefore, requiring the larger occasion of controller channel quantity, such as the Active noise control using of active noise reduction barrier, high-power transformer, use that centralized multi-channel control system difficulty is large, cost is high, is difficult to practicality.Distributed active guidance system is made of a plurality of single channel control units, can reduce the calculated amount of active guidance system, and cost also significantly reduces, and can replace multi-channel control system to use in above-mentioned occasion.For example, the upper Japanese scholars of international acoustics conference (ICA2004) had been reported them the progress in active acoustic shielding research in 2004, and they use dcs to test at 40 meters long sound barriers, obtain certain noise reduction.
The structure dcs has two kinds of methods, a kind of is in Multi Channel Controller, change the algorithm of digital signal processing module, Multi Channel Controller is arranged to a plurality of single channel control units to be used, such as the EZ-ANC II type active controller that Australian Kao Zi system house produces, it is the controller of 10 passages, also can be set to 10 single channel control units and use, the shortcoming of this method is that (1) Multi Channel Controller port number is few, and therefore the dcs passage of structure is also few; (2) Multi Channel Controller is an integral body, is inconvenient to expand; Various connecting lines were many and grow when (3) distributed dimension of active guidance system was larger, and as in active acoustic shielding, controller is wanted connecting sensor, control source, and the connecting line of each passage all will be pooled on the controller, inconvenience.In the method for another kind of structure dcs, use a plurality of single channel control units as the unit, each single channel control unit physics is independent, such as being installed in the cabinet that independently size is little, therefore flexible arrangement in use, expansion is convenient, and is equidistant near with the sensor that will be connected, control source, for example points out that the dcs that they use is this form in the academic report of the upper Japanese scholars of international acoustics conference (ICA2004) in 2004 in active acoustic shielding.The shortcoming of rear a kind of dcs is that (1) system uses feedback controller as control module substantially, and it requires error microphone just can make system stability near secondary sound source, and it is limited therefore to control effect; (2) there is water bed effect in feedback control system, namely must cause the enhancing of other frequency range noise in the noise attentuation of some frequency range; (3) fully independent between each control module of present dcs, there is not information transfer channel, be unfavorable for debugging and monitoring management.
Three, summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of distributed active guidance system, but it is composed in series by the feedforward active control module of a plurality of cascades.This control module adopts feedforward single channel adaptive control algorithm, and control system is stable; This control module can independently use as single channel feedforward active control system, and a plurality of these control module serializable cascaded series become distributed feedforward active control system to use; The overall channel number of control system can increase and decrease arbitrarily as required; Each control module can be by the communication between cascade communication module realization unit; Can manage single channel feedforward active control system or the distributed feedforward active control system that is formed by this unit by computing machine.
A kind of distributed feedforward active control system is provided, but this system is connected with downstream interface successively by the feedforward active control module of the cascade upstream Interface by the cascade communication module of each unit, be the upstream Interface of the rear unit of downstream interface connection of last unit, serially concatenated forms.For example, if total N unit forms distributed feedforward active control system, then the downstream interface of first unit connects the upstream Interface of second unit, the downstream interface of second unit connects the upstream Interface of the 3rd unit, the rest may be inferred, at last, the downstream interface of N-1 unit connects the upstream Interface of N unit.
Each unit includes reference signal condition module, error signal condition module, digital signal processing module, filtration module, control signal driver module, cascade communication module, serial communication module.From (the traffic noise signal for example of the reference signal beyond this unit, the transformer noise signal, case for communication equipment shell vibration signal) through reference signal condition module supplied with digital signal processing module, from (the traffic noise signal for example of the error signal beyond this unit, the transformer noise signal, case for communication equipment shell vibration signal) through error signal condition module supplied with digital signal processing module, the digital signal processing module of this unit is by calculating control signal, and control signal is inputted control source beyond this unit (loudspeaker for example through filtration module and control signal driver module successively, vibrator).
The digital signal processing module of each unit comprises a real time data processing chip.The cascade communication module of each unit is used for connecting other unit, system uses eight pins of the real time data processing chip in the digital signal processing module to realize, wherein four pins are upstream Interface, four pins are downstream interface in addition, upstream Interface is used for connecting last unit, a unit after downstream interface is used for connecting is so that a plurality of this unit serializable cascaded series becomes distributed feedforward active control system.
The serial communication module of first unit is used for connecting computing machine.
But the digital signal processing module of feedforward active control module that forms each cascade of this system adopts feedforward single channel adaptive control algorithm, the digital signal processing module that is each unit is only relevant with reference signal, the error signal of this unit by calculating control signal, with haveing nothing to do of other unit.
But the feedforward active control module number that forms the cascade of this system can increase and decrease arbitrarily as required.
But the feedforward active control module serially concatenated that forms each cascade of this system, first unit is connected with computing machine by serial communication module, and this passage of cascade communication module of the serial communication module of computing machine by serial ports of computers, first unit, unit is to arbitrarily or all unit transmit operation orders and receiving arbitrarily or the status information of all unit.
The filtration module of each unit is reconstruct filtration module or low-pass filtering module, and the signal from digital signal processor is carried out filtering, exports control signal to the control source by the control signal driver again.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) uses distributed feedforward active control system of the present invention, can solve the two large problems that uses the active control module of feedback, (the control system effect is better namely to control double-barreled question between effect and the system stability, it is more unstable that system can become), and water bed effect problem (noise attentuation of some frequency range must cause the enhancing of other frequency range noise); (2) distributed feedforward active control system of the present invention, can realize forming the communication between the unit of this system, use the pin of real time data processing chip and do not use the procotol chip to realize the cascade communication module, can guarantee the real-time of communication, reduce and realize difficulty and cost; (3) distributed active guidance system of the present invention can software interface on computers arranges the various control parameters of each unit that forms this system, issue various operational orders, show the status information of each unit, easy and simple to handle, easily any unit is debugged and monitoring management; (4) use distributed feedforward active control system of the present invention, the overall channel number can increase and decrease arbitrarily according to the needs of scientific research or Project Realization, and expansion is convenient; (5) requiring the larger occasion of controller channel quantity, distributed active guidance system of the present invention can replace Multi Channel Controller, reduces the complexity of control system and realizes cost.
Four, description of drawings
Understand and enforcement the present invention for convenient, can describe exemplary preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
But Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the feedforward active control module of cascade;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of distributed feedforward control system;
Fig. 3 is the software module synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that operational order is at the bang path figure of each software module;
But Fig. 5 is the program flow diagram of DSP of the feedforward active control module of cascade;
Fig. 6 is the software interface that moves on the computing machine.
Five, embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below by example:
But feedforward active control module 1 schematic diagram of cascade of the present invention is seen Fig. 1, comprising: reference signal condition module 3, error signal condition module 4, digital signal processing module 5, filtration module 6, control signal driver module 7, cascade communication module 8 and serial communication module 9.From supplied with digital signal processing module 5 after signal process reference signal condition module 3 processing of the reference sensor 12 beyond this unit; Signal process error signal condition module 4 supplied with digital signal processing modules 5 from the error pick-up 13 beyond this unit; The digital signal processing module 5 of this unit calculates control signal by feedforward single channel adaptive algorithm, and control signal is successively through the control source 14 beyond filtration module 6 and control signal driver module 7 these unit of input.
Reference signal condition module 3 can realize by mimic channel, and in the future signal amplification, shaping, the normalization of self-reference microphone 12 is input to the analog input end of digital signal processing module 5 again.Error signal condition module 4 can be realized by mimic channel, will from signal amplification, filtering, the normalization of error pick-up 13, be input to the analog input end of digital signal processing module 5 again.
Digital signal processing module 5 comprises a modulus/analog-digital chip, a real time data processing chip, and modulus/analog-digital chip is converted into the signal of digital signal processing module 5 analog input ends digital signal and inputs to the real time data processing chip.The real time data processing chip calculates control signal and exports modulus/analog-digital chip to, and modulus/analog-digital chip is converted into simulating signal with this signal and exports digital signal processing module 5 analog outputs to.
The signal of digital signal processing module 5 analog outputs arrives control signal driver module 7 through filtration module 6.Filtration module 6 can be realized with mimic channel, and signal is reconstructed filtering, and in 1000Hz cut-off, as required, cutoff frequency can be expanded, as to 1600Hz.Control signal driver module 7 can realize that with mimic channel in order to drive control source 14, this example adopts the power amplifier of 30W to drive the control source.
Cascade communication module 8 uses eight pin self-definings of the dsp chip in the digital signal processing module 5 to realize, wherein four pins are upstream Interface 10, four pins are downstream interface 11 in addition, and upstream Interface is used for connecting last unit, a unit after downstream interface is used for connecting.Use the pin of dsp chip and do not use the procotol chip, can guarantee the real-time of communication.
Serial communication module 9 comprises a serial port communication chip that connects serial ports and digital signal processing chip, its function is for carrying out level conversion between serial ports and digital signal processing chip, be that the serial ports input signal carries out supplied with digital signal process chip after the level conversion, the signal that also digital signal processing chip will be outputed to serial ports carries out level conversion and forms the serial ports output signal.
As only a unit independently being used as single channel feedforward active control system, need not use cascade communication module 8, the serial communication module 9 of this unit is connected with computing machine 15, can be to the status information of this unit transmit operation order and this unit of reception by the software interface on the computing machine 15.Operational order is carried out through the serial communication module 9 arrival digital signal processing modules 5 of computer software interface program, serial ports of computers, this unit and by digital signal processing module 5 successively; On the other hand, digital signal processing module 5 arrives status informations such as the duty of this unit and input signal amplitudes in the computer software interface program by serial communication module 9, serial ports of computers successively and is shown on the software interface.
But whole unit integrated installation has the small size cabinet inside of interface an outside, interface comprises the interface with reference microphone, error microphone, with the interface in control source, upstream Interface 10, downstream interface 11 and serial ports.
The schematic diagram of distributed feedforward active control system 2 of the present invention is seen Fig. 2, and it is connected successively by the cascade communication module 8 of each feedforward active control module 1 by self, and serially concatenated forms.As shown in Figure 2, the distributed feedforward active control system 2 that is formed by N unit, the downstream interface 11 of first unit connects the upstream Interface 10 of second unit, the downstream interface 11 of second unit connects the upstream Interface 10 of the 3rd unit, the rest may be inferred, at last, the downstream interface 11 of N-1 unit connects the upstream Interface 10 of N unit.First unit is connected with computing machine by the serial communication module 9 of this unit.Can by computing machine 15 to any or all unit transmit operation orders, also can receive arbitrarily or the status information of all unit by computing machine 15, and be shown on the software interface.Can debug and monitoring management by 15 pairs of any unit of computing machine easily and flexibly thus.Number of unit N can be according to using needs to increase and decrease arbitrarily.
But the digital signal processing module 5 of feedforward active control module 1 that forms each cascade of distributed feedforward active control system 2 adopts feedforward single channel adaptive control algorithms, the digital signal processing module 5 that is each unit is only relevant with reference signal, the error signal of this unit by calculating control signal, with haveing nothing to do of other unit.In other words, this system is distributed control, but manages concentratedly by cascade system.
The software programming of present embodiment is divided into five parts, as shown in Figure 3: (1) feedforward control algorithm software module: the modeling software module that comprises physical field between control source and error pick-up, real-time control signal produces software module, control signal update software module is carried out at the dsp chip at digital signal processing module 5 places of each unit; (2) Operation and Maintenance software module: comprise operational order process software module, the state information report software module is carried out at the dsp chip at digital signal processing module 5 places of each unit; (3) cascade communication software module is carried out at the dsp chip at digital signal processing module 5 places of each unit; (4) serial communication software module, on the dsp chip at digital signal processing module 5 places of each unit and computing machine carry out; (5) user interface software module is carried out at computing machine 15.Adopt assembly language and C language to program at DSP, adopt on computers the CVI tool software of American National instrument to program.
The feedforward control algorithm can adopt FXLMS algorithm commonly used, and is divided into the modeling software module of control source 14 and 13 physical fields of error pick-up, and real-time control signal produces software module and three parts of control signal update software module.
Operational order process software resume module is from the operational order of cascade communication module 8, and the state information report software module passes to cascade communication module 8 with the information such as filter coefficient of duty, input signal amplitude and the digital signal processing module 5 of each unit self.
The cascade communication software module receives from the downstream message of upstream Interface 10 with the serial communication software module, and from the upstream message of downstream interface 11 with the state information report software module.Downstream message is operational order, if operational order to as if this unit, then operational order is passed to operational order process software module, if operational order to as if all unit, then operational order is passed to operational order process software module and downstream interface 11, if operational order to as if the unit of back, then operational order is passed to downstream interface 11.Upstream message is the status information of unit, back or this unit, and this unit is forwarded to upstream Interface 10 with this message, if this unit is first unit, then is forwarded to the serial communication software module.
Only the serial communication software module of first unit is work, and its receives the downstream message from computing machine 15, and from the upstream message of cascade communication software module.Downstream message is operational order, if operational order to as if this unit, then operational order is passed to operational order process software module, if operational order to as if all unit, then operational order is passed to operational order process software module and downstream interface 11, if operational order to as if the unit of back, then operational order is passed to downstream interface 11.Upstream message is the status information of unit, back or this unit, and this unit passes to this message the serial ports of computing machine 15.
Serial communication module on the computing machine will pass to serial ports of computers from the operational order of user's interface module, will pass to subscriber interface module from the status information of serial ports of computers.
Subscriber interface module on the computing machine provides graphical interfaces to realize friendly man-machine interaction, can issue operational order to certain discrete cell or all unit by the interface, and observe the status information that each unit reports.Operational order includes but not limited to that secondary channel modeling start and stop, adaptive control start and stop, fixed filters coefficient control start and stop, the parameters that the feedforward control algorithm is set, filter coefficient reset, access filter coefficient, system initialization, System self-test and system reset etc., and the digital signal processing module of each unit is carried out corresponding function according to the command context that receives.Status information comprises the filter coefficient of cell operation state, input signal amplitude and digital signal processing module etc., and the digital signal processing module of each unit is uploaded to the status information of this unit the software interface demonstration of computing machine.An optional user interface example as shown in Figure 6.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 have shown that respectively status information and operational order are at the bang path of each software module.
The program flow diagram of the software among the DSP at first carries out self check after each unit start as shown in Figure 5, and monitoring DSP interrupts after the self check, and total analog to digital conversion is interrupted, serial ports interrupts, subtending port interrupts and timer interrupts totally four kinds of interruptions.Wherein analog to digital conversion is interrupted from the modulus analog-digital chip, DSP carries out (1) secondary channel modeling according to the work at present condition selecting, (2) upgrade wave filter and to produce control signal be adaptive control, (3) do not upgrade wave filter and to produce control signal be fixed filters parameter control, do nothing (4).Serial ports interrupts from serial port communication chip, and must be that serial ports transmits operational order this moment, and DSP selects to carry out and/or transmit this operational order according to the command object parameter in the operational order.Subtending port interrupts from the uplink and downlink interface, if from upstream Interface, must be to transmit operational order from last unit, and DSP selects to carry out and/or transmit this operational order according to the command object parameter in the operational order; If from downstream interface, must be to transmit status information from a rear unit, whether select this status information is forwarded to serial ports or upstream Interface by first unit according to this unit for DSP.Timer interrupts from the timer that defines among the DSP, and purpose is the status information that regularly reports this unit.
The detailed description of front only provides preferred embodiment, and scope of the present invention, usability or structure are not produced any restriction.The front detailed description of the preferred embodiment is just in order to enable those skilled in the art to realize the preferred embodiments of the present invention.Should be appreciated that under the prerequisite of the aim of the present invention that does not depart from the claims restriction and scope, can carry out various changes in function and the layout of each ingredient of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. distributed feedforward active control system is characterized in that:
But this system is connected with downstream interface (11) successively by the feedforward active control module (1) of the cascade upstream Interface (10) by the cascade communication module (8) of each unit, be the upstream Interface (10) of the rear unit of downstream interface (11) connection of last unit, serially concatenated forms;
If total N unit forms distributed feedforward active control system, then the downstream interface of first unit (11) connects the upstream Interface (10) of second unit, the downstream interface of second unit (11) connects the upstream Interface (10) of the 3rd unit, the rest may be inferred, at last, the downstream interface of N-1 unit (11) connects the upstream Interface (10) of N unit;
Each unit includes reference signal condition module (3), error signal condition module (4), digital signal processing module (5), filtration module (6), control signal driver module (7), cascade communication module (8), serial communication module (9);
From the process of the reference signal beyond unit reference signal condition module (3) supplied with digital signal processing module (5), from the process of the error signal beyond unit error signal condition module (4) supplied with digital signal processing module (5), the digital signal processing module of this unit (5) is by calculating control signal, and control signal passes through successively filtration module (6) and control signal driver module (7) is inputted control source in addition, this unit;
The digital signal processing module of each unit (5) comprises a real time data processing chip;
The cascade communication module (8) of each unit is used for connecting other unit, system uses eight pins of the real time data processing chip in the digital signal processing module (5) to realize, wherein four pins are upstream Interface (10), four pins are downstream interface (11) in addition, upstream Interface is used for connecting last unit, a unit after downstream interface is used for connecting is so that a plurality of this unit serializable cascaded series becomes distributed feedforward active control system (2);
The serial communication module of first unit (9) is used for connecting computing machine.
2. distributed feedforward active control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: but feedforward active control module (1) serially concatenated of each cascade of this system formed, first unit is connected with computing machine by serial communication module (9), and this passage of cascade communication module (8) of the serial communication module (9) of computing machine by serial ports of computers, first unit, unit is to arbitrarily or all unit transmit operation orders and reception is any or the status information of all unit.
3. distributed feedforward active control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: filtration module (6) is reconstruct filtration module or low-pass filtering module.
4. distributed feedforward active control system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: but the digital signal processing module (5) of feedforward active control module (1) that forms each cascade of this system adopts feedforward single channel adaptive control algorithm, the digital signal processing module (5) that is each unit is only relevant with reference signal, the error signal of this unit by calculating control signal, with haveing nothing to do of other unit.
5. distributed feedforward active control system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: but the feedforward active control module number that forms the cascade of this system can increase and decrease arbitrarily as required.
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| CN105321524A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-02-10 | 深圳东方酷音信息技术有限公司 | Digital feed-forward adaptive hybrid active noise control method and device |
| CN105741828B (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2019-07-09 | 南京大学 | Detachable active noise control system |
| CN106251855B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2019-09-27 | 南京大学 | A kind of de-centralized virtual sound screen of for transformer noise reduction |
| CN107195294B (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2020-07-21 | 吉利汽车研究院（宁波）有限公司 | Active noise reduction method and device for vehicle |
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| US6683960B1 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 2004-01-27 | Fujitsu Limited | Active noise control apparatus |
| CN1664727A (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2005-09-07 | 南京大学 | Multi-channel active controller |
| CN201066852Y (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2008-05-28 | 山东大学 | Real time synchronization network based on standard Ethernet |
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| US6683960B1 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 2004-01-27 | Fujitsu Limited | Active noise control apparatus |
| CN1664727A (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2005-09-07 | 南京大学 | Multi-channel active controller |
| CN201066852Y (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2008-05-28 | 山东大学 | Real time synchronization network based on standard Ethernet |
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