CN102080519A - Method for extracting coal bed gas by negative pressure on ground through gas-coal simultaneous extraction - Google Patents
Method for extracting coal bed gas by negative pressure on ground through gas-coal simultaneous extraction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for extracting coal bed gas by negative pressure on the ground through gas-coal simultaneous extraction aiming at a waterless coal bed in an ore field. The extraction of the coal bed gas sequentially comprising three stages, namely pre-extraction before coal mining, extraction during coal mining, and extraction after coal mining; and in the method, in the well drilling process, nonmetal sleeves are descended into an old top section and a coal bed section of a vertical well, steel sleeves are descended in other layers, the nonmetal sleeves arranged in the coal bed section avoid hidden danger of sparkles caused by collision of a coal cutter and metal sleeves in subsequent coal mining, and the nonmetal sleeves arranged in the old top section reserve channels for extraction in a worked out section after the rock and shaft below the old top section are collapsed. In the method for extracting the coal bed gas, one well has three purposes, namely gas is pre-extracted in the coal bed section before coal mining, air return and exhaust are performed in the coal mining process and gas in the worked out section is extracted by negative pressure after coal mining, and the utilization rate of a coal bed gas well is improved; and the gas-coal simultaneous extraction is realized, the safety production of a coal mine is ensured, and multi-win effects of efficiently extracting the coal bed gas, utilizing new energy, protecting environment and the like are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of exploitation method of coal bed gas, relate in particular to the method for the ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas that a kind of gas-coal adopts altogether.
Background technology
Coal bed gas resource and coal resources belong to common associated minerals, have only exploitation with the exploitation of coal bed gas and coal to combine and just can reach the purpose of utilization of new energy resources, environmental protection and safety in production.The come to this pattern of a kind of resource high-efficiency exploitation of the incorporate development mode of coal mining gas production.
At present, the coal-bed gas exploitation pattern comprises dual mode: one, ground drilling: utilize peupendicular hole or directional well technology to exploit coal bed gas resource in the original reservoir.The mechanism of ground drilling coal bed gas is: by drainage and step-down, when reservoir pressure is reduced to critical desorption pressures when following, methane gas desorbs from matrix of coal micropore inner surface; Flow into pit shaft through fissure system, the annular space by oil pipe and sleeve pipe enters surface line.Two, down-hole extraction:, come the exploiting coal bed methane resource by modes such as extraction under the coal mine, minery extraction, abandoned mine extractions by coal mining work plane and tunnel.Down-hole coal bed gas extraction mechanism is: after adopt in the coal seam, destroyed geological diagnostics mechanical balance, caused the release in coal seam, because methane gas is to be present in the coal seam with the physical absorption state more than 90%, in order to continue to keep balance, gas in the coal seam is gushed out, and makes it become closed system by artificial reconstructed, thereby continues to keep relief area; Like this, coal-bed gas will be drawn out of continually.For the ground drilling of pattern one, desorb is the prerequisite that coal bed gas is carried out the ground drilling, and drainage and step-down is the prerequisite of desorb; Can be that at all coal bed gas whether can depressurization desorption so drilling coal bed gas in ground take place; And be unfavorable for that for structure coal, complex structure, the strong area of hydrodynamic force activity coal bed gas carries out the ground drilling.Down-hole extraction for pattern two, make down-hole coal bed being so incensed that be: the gas permeability of coal seam size that enough coal bed gas resources is arranged among a small circle and coal-bed gas is released with two primary conditions of extraction, during down-hole extraction coal bed gas, in the exploiting coal bed methane process, do not take any well stimulation owing to having, like this, the desorption ability of the stock number of the permeability of its exploitation and coal seam reservoirs itself, hundred meters borings and coal seam reservoirs is closely related.Generally speaking, at present pattern one needs that the infusion of financial resources amount is big, engineering quantity is big, investment risk is high, technical requirements is high, the benefit reciprocation cycle is long, only designs at the cbm development before the coal mining; Pattern two engineering quantitys are big, the extraction time short (be subjected to mine and take over time restriction, just begin to mine in 3-6 month after the construction extraction hole), just carry out coal-bed gas exploitation at the time period extremely short before mining.
In view of this, the inventor proposes the method for the ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas that a kind of gas-coal adopts altogether, to overcome the defective of prior art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for the ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas that a kind of gas-coal adopts altogether; the incorporate development mode of using by a well of coal mining gas production more; realize efficient extraction coal bed gas; reach multi-win effects such as utilizing new forms of energy, protection environment, and can guarantee colliery realization safety in production.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, the method of the ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas that a kind of gas-coal is adopted altogether, at coal seam section pit shaft and old top section pit shaft non-metallic casing is set after the drilling well, the directly top section pit shaft between coal seam section and old top section, and section top, old top pit shaft is provided with metal sleeve;
The three phases of bleeding after the extraction coal bed gas is bled before comprising coal mining in proper order in advance, bleed and mine in coal mining limit, limit; Wherein:
Bleeding in advance before the coal mining is to window at section non-metallic casing place, coal seam, and jet hole is carried out in the coal seam, forms the release band, by ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas;
Bleeding in coal mining limit, limit is to enter coal mining during the stage bleeding in advance to finish, in the coal mining process by described pit shaft as returnairshaft elegance methane gas and extraction coal bed gas;
Bleeding after the coal mining is to collapse when being in sealed condition mine finishing coal seam, back section, by described pit shaft as the goaf gas drainage well, by ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas; Perhaps the coal seam section collapses when being in sealed condition after the end of mining, and window in section non-metallic casing place on old top, abrasive perforating carried out in a section rock stratum, old top, by ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, before the coal mining in advance the stage of bleeding be in the section non-metallic casing of coal seam, to be lowered to operation tubing and front end thereof the taking device of windowing, operation tubing is located after being windowed in the position in appointment down; Open obliquity sensor by data line energising, test taking device Way out is with the orientation of the window of determining to window; Utilize by coiled tubing, high-pressure hose then, advance jetting pipe that shower nozzle forms certainly and ganged up the passage that operation tubing and front end taking device window thereof form and enter the sidetracking eject position, utilize ground high pressure infusion water under high pressure to deliver to the down-hole from advancing shower nozzle, part water under high pressure forms eyelet through the broken coal of shower nozzle front end nozzle ejection, another part water under high pressure is realized slot by shower nozzle rear flank nozzle ejection impact opening gugen kohle wall, form the release band, connect the ground extraction system, by ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, the limit coal mining limit stage of bleeding is at down-hole coal bed stoping period, one small-sized fan is installed as small-sized returnairshaft at well head, and is connected with return aircourse, exploiting field, down-hole, wind row fire damp.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, the stage of bleeding is to utilize the pit shaft on the top, position of collapsing as goaf gas drainage well extraction coal bed gas after the coal mining.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, the stage of bleeding is at the non-metallic casing uplifting window of old top section fissure zone after the coal mining, utilizes the abrasive perforating tool string of being made up of coiled tubing, flexible pipe, shower nozzle to enter eject position by the passage that operation tubing and front end taking device window thereof form then; Utilize ground high pressure pump truck will be mixed with the water mortar of certain proportion sandstone, be delivered to shower nozzle by coiled tubing and front end flexible pipe and carry out abrasive perforating, after the abrasive perforating construction is finished, connect the ground extraction system, carry out the negative pressure extraction of ground, goaf.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described non-metallic casing is glass reinforced plastic sleeve, PE pipe or pvc pipe.
From the above mentioned, the present invention is directed to the coal-bed gas exploitation method that a kind of mine overall process has been set up in anhydrous coal seam, mining area, the three phases of bleeding after the extraction coal bed gas is bled before comprising coal mining in proper order in advance, bleed and mine in coal mining limit, limit; In the method, drilling phase is non-metallic casing under the old top layer section of Vertical Well and coal seam section, other layers still play steel sleeve, cutting coal machine and metal sleeve collision produced the hidden danger of spark when the non-metallic casing that the coal seam section is laid had been avoided follow-up the coal mining, and old top fragment position laying non-metallic casing is that after its underpart rock mass and pit shaft collapse bleed and reserved passage in the goaf; Before the coal mining in advance the stage of bleeding be in Vertical Well, to utilize the non-metallic casing uplifting window of the instrument of windowing in the coal seam section, utilize the jetting boring bar tool by window jet hole in the coal seam then, form the release band, then carry out ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas; The limit coal mining limit stage of bleeding be by Vertical Well in the coal mining process as small-sized returnairshaft, the elegance methane gas has reduced work plane return air gas density when gathering coal bed gas, has guaranteed the safety in production of coal mining mine; The stage of bleeding is as the goaf gas drainage well by Vertical Well after the coal mining, after coal mining finishes, Vertical Well coal seam section is adopted to collapse to influence is in sealed condition substantially, following coiled tubing band abrasive perforating instrument carries out abrasive perforating in top layer section non-metallic casing position until old, carry out ground negative pressure extraction then, perhaps directly carry out extraction with the ground small-sized fan.A well three usefulness in whole coal bed gas extraction process, have been realized, that is: take out in advance before the coal mining return air exhaust in coal seam section gas, the coal mining process, adopt back negative pressure extraction goaf gas, improve the utilization rate of coal bed gas well, used negative pressure ventilation technology to improve extraction speed; The present invention has realized that gas-coal adopts altogether, has guaranteed Safety of Coal Mine Production, has reached efficient extraction coal bed gas, utilizes new forms of energy, multi-win effect such as protection environment.
Description of drawings
The following drawings only is intended to the present invention done and schematically illustrates and explain, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein:
Fig. 1: be cementing technology scheme schematic diagram among the present invention.
Fig. 2: be the schematic diagram of bleeding in advance before mining among the present invention.
Fig. 3: be the schematic diagram of bleeding of coal mining limit in limit among the present invention.
Fig. 4: be the schematic diagram of bleeding after mining among the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Understand for technical characterictic of the present invention, purpose and effect being had more clearly, now contrast description of drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention.
The present invention proposes the method for the ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas that a kind of gas-coal adopts altogether, as shown in Figure 1, at old top section 93 pit shafts and coal seam section 91 pit shafts non-metallic casing 1 well cementation is set after the drilling well, other intervals (as: directly top section 92, old top section upside etc.) use steel sleeve 2 well cementation.Cutting coal machine and metal sleeve collision produce the hidden danger of spark when having avoided follow-up the coal mining with 1 pair of coal seam section 91 pit shafts well cementation of non-metallic casing; Weighting in Longwall Face rimrock interval 93 pit shafts are laid the non-metallic casing completion, for bleeding and reserved passage in its underpart rock mass and the pit shaft goaf, back of collapsing.In the present embodiment, the non-metallic casing 1 of setting and the length of metal sleeve 2 are that the THICKNESS CALCULATION according to corresponding stratum draws, and this partial content and the method for laying sleeve pipe are prior art, do not repeat them here.
In the present invention, the three phases of bleeding after extraction coal bed gas is bled before comprising coal mining in proper order in advance, bleed and mine in coal mining limit, limit;
Before the coal mining in advance the stage of bleeding be to carry out coal bed gas at the coal seam section to take out in advance, to reach the requirement of safe coal exploitation ton coal air content.As shown in Figure 2, this stage is to be lowered to operation tubing 3 and front end thereof the taking device 4 of windowing in coal seam section 91 non-metallic casings 1, and operation tubing is located after specifying the position of windowing for 3 times; Open obliquity sensor by data line energising, test taking device Way out is with the orientation of the window of determining to window; Utilize by coiled tubing 51, high-pressure hose 52 then, advance the jetting pipe string 5 that shower nozzle 53 forms certainly and enter the sidetracking eject position by the passage that operation tubing 3 and front end taking device 4 windows thereof form, utilize ground high pressure infusion water under high pressure to deliver to the down-hole from advancing shower nozzle 53, part water under high pressure is through forming eyelet 61 from advancing the broken coal of shower nozzle 53 front end nozzles ejection, another part water under high pressure is realized slot 62 by advancing shower nozzle 53 rear flank nozzle ejection impact opening gugen kohle walls certainly, form release band 6, afterwards, connect the ground extraction system, by ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas.
The limit coal mining limit stage of bleeding is to carry out ground negative pressure extraction at the part coal bed gas in coal seam and the coal seam country rock.As shown in Figure 3, this stage be bleed in advance finish enter coal mining during, one small-sized fan 7 is installed as small-sized returnairshaft at well head, returnairshaft is connected with return aircourse, exploiting field, down-hole, in the coal mining process by described pit shaft as returnairshaft wind gas-removing gas and extraction coal bed gas.
The stage of bleeding is to carry out ground negative pressure extraction at the remaining coal bed gas in collapse district and the crack district after mining after the coal mining.As shown in Figure 4, after the coal back production finished, the peupendicular hole hypomere can be subjected to mining influence and collapse, and goaf 94 is in the state of sealing substantially.The stage of bleeding can be selected the extraction mode according to the geological stratification situation on old top after the coal mining; If old top section 93 is for to contain when the sandstone of a certain amount of coal bed gas rock stratum is arranged, as shown in Figure 4, can utilize the abrasive perforating tool string of forming by coiled tubing 81, flexible pipe 82, shower nozzle 83 8 to enter eject position then at non-metallic casing 1 uplifting window of old top section 93 fissure zones by the passage that operation tubing 3 and front end taking device 4 windows thereof form; Utilize ground high pressure pump truck will be mixed with the water mortar of certain proportion sandstone, be delivered to shower nozzle 83 by coiled tubing 81 and front end flexible pipe 82 and carry out abrasive perforating, after the abrasive perforating construction is finished, connect the ground extraction system, carry out the negative pressure extraction of ground, goaf.
If top section 93 is non-gas zone always, bleeding after the coal mining is that the coal seam section collapses when being in sealed condition after the end of mining, and as the goaf gas drainage well, utilizes the ground blower fan directly to carry out ground negative pressure extraction by described pit shaft.
In the present embodiment, described non-metallic casing 1 can also be PE pipe or pvc pipe etc. except that being the glass reinforced plastic sleeve.
From the above mentioned, the present invention is directed to the coal-bed gas exploitation method that a kind of mine overall process has been set up in anhydrous coal seam, mining area, the three phases of bleeding after the extraction coal bed gas is bled before comprising coal mining in proper order in advance, bleed and mine in coal mining limit, limit; In the method, drilling phase is non-metallic casing under the old top layer section of Vertical Well and coal seam section, other layers still play steel sleeve, cutting coal machine and metal sleeve collision produced the hidden danger of spark when the non-metallic casing that the coal seam section is laid had been avoided follow-up the coal mining, and old top fragment position laying non-metallic casing is that after its underpart rock mass and pit shaft collapse bleed and reserved passage in the goaf; Before the coal mining in advance the stage of bleeding be in Vertical Well, to utilize the non-metallic casing uplifting window of the instrument of windowing in the coal seam section, utilize the jetting boring bar tool by window jet hole in the coal seam then, form the release band, then carry out ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas; The limit coal mining limit stage of bleeding be by Vertical Well in the coal mining process as small-sized returnairshaft, the elegance methane gas has reduced work plane return air gas density when gathering coal bed gas, has guaranteed the safety in production of coal mining mine; The stage of bleeding is as the goaf gas drainage well by Vertical Well after the coal mining, after coal mining finishes, Vertical Well coal seam section is adopted to collapse to influence is in sealed condition substantially, following coiled tubing band abrasive perforating instrument carries out abrasive perforating in top layer section non-metallic casing position until old, carry out ground negative pressure extraction then, perhaps directly carry out extraction with the ground small-sized fan.A well three usefulness in whole coal bed gas extraction process, have been realized, that is: take out in advance before the coal mining return air exhaust in coal seam section gas, the coal mining process, adopt back negative pressure extraction goaf gas, improve the utilization rate of coal bed gas well, used negative pressure ventilation technology to improve extraction speed; The present invention has realized that gas-coal adopts altogether, has guaranteed Safety of Coal Mine Production, has reached efficient extraction coal bed gas, utilizes new forms of energy, multi-win effect such as protection environment.
An instantiation of using the ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas method that gas-coal of the present invention adopts altogether is provided below, further specifies so that the enforcement of this method and effect are made.
The ZP1 well uses
Inch drill bit one topsoil that spuds in is dark to basement rock 10m, uses
The inch casing cementing; Use
Inch drill bit two spudding wells are cemented the well with glass reinforced plastic sleeve in old top section and coal seam section then to old top, and other parts are still with the steel sleeve well cementation, until completion.
Bleed in advance before the coal mining: window in the place at peupendicular hole coal seam section glass reinforced plastic sleeve, the passage that utilizes operation tubing and front end taking device window thereof to form with waterpower playpipe string enters the sidetracking eject position then, the coal seam section is carried out jet hole, form the release band, then carry out ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas.
Bleed in coal mining limit, limit: exhaust completely in advance, enter the coal mining stage, peupendicular hole is as small-sized returnairshaft in the coal mining process, and the elegance methane gas has reduced work plane return air gas density when gathering coal bed gas, guarantee the safety in production of coal mining mine.
Bleed after the coal mining: after the end of mining, peupendicular hole is as the goaf gas drainage well, peupendicular hole coal seam section is adopted to collapse to influence is in sealed condition substantially, is lowered to coiled tubing band abrasive perforating instrument and carries out abrasive perforating in top layer section glass reinforced plastic sleeve position until old, carries out ground negative pressure exploitation then.
In this coal-bed gas exploitation process, realized how a well is adopted altogether with gentle-coal, has guaranteed Safety of Coal Mine Production, has reached efficient extraction coal bed gas, utilized new forms of energy, multi-win effect such as protection environment.
The above only is the schematic specific embodiment of the present invention, is not in order to limit scope of the present invention.Any those skilled in the art, equivalent variations of having done under the prerequisite that does not break away from design of the present invention and principle and modification all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. the method for the gas-coal ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas of adopting altogether is provided with non-metallic casing at a coal seam section pit shaft and an old top section pit shaft after the drilling well, the direct top section pit shaft between coal seam section and old top section and push up always section above pit shaft metal sleeve is set;
The three phases of bleeding after the extraction coal bed gas is bled before comprising coal mining in proper order in advance, bleed and mine in coal mining limit, limit; Wherein:
Bleeding in advance before the coal mining is to window at section non-metallic casing place, coal seam, and jet hole is carried out in the coal seam, forms the release band, by ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas;
Bleeding in coal mining limit, limit is to enter coal mining during the stage bleeding in advance to finish, in the coal mining process by described pit shaft as returnairshaft elegance methane gas and extraction coal bed gas;
Bleeding after the coal mining is to collapse when being in sealed condition mine finishing coal seam, back section, by described pit shaft as the goaf gas drainage well, by ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas; Perhaps the coal seam section collapses when being in sealed condition after the end of mining, and window in section non-metallic casing place on old top, abrasive perforating carried out in a section rock stratum, old top, by ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas.
2. the method for the ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas that gas-coal as claimed in claim 1 is adopted altogether, it is characterized in that: before the coal mining in advance the stage of bleeding be in the section non-metallic casing of coal seam, to be lowered to operation tubing and front end thereof the taking device of windowing, operation tubing is located after being windowed in the position in appointment down; Open obliquity sensor by data line energising, test taking device Way out is with the orientation of the window of determining to window; Utilize by coiled tubing, high-pressure hose then, advance jetting pipe that shower nozzle forms certainly and ganged up the passage that operation tubing and front end taking device window thereof form and enter the sidetracking eject position, utilize ground high pressure infusion water under high pressure to deliver to the down-hole from advancing shower nozzle, part water under high pressure forms eyelet through the broken coal of shower nozzle front end nozzle ejection, another part water under high pressure is realized slot by shower nozzle rear flank nozzle ejection impact opening gugen kohle wall, form the release band, connect the ground extraction system, by ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas.
3. the method for the ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas that gas-coal as claimed in claim 1 is adopted altogether, it is characterized in that: the limit coal mining limit stage of bleeding is at down-hole coal bed stoping period, one small-sized fan is installed as small-sized returnairshaft at well head, and be connected wind row fire damp with return aircourse, exploiting field, down-hole.
4. the method for the ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas that gas-coal as claimed in claim 1 is adopted altogether is characterized in that: the stage of bleeding is to utilize the pit shaft on the top, position of collapsing as goaf gas drainage well extraction coal bed gas after the coal mining.
5. the method for the ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas that gas-coal as claimed in claim 1 is adopted altogether, it is characterized in that: the stage of bleeding is at the non-metallic casing uplifting window of old top section fissure zone after the coal mining, utilizes the abrasive perforating tool string of being made up of coiled tubing, flexible pipe, shower nozzle to enter eject position by the passage that operation tubing and front end taking device window thereof form then; Utilize ground high pressure pump truck will be mixed with the water mortar of certain proportion sandstone, be delivered to shower nozzle by coiled tubing and front end flexible pipe and carry out abrasive perforating, after the abrasive perforating construction is finished, connect the ground extraction system, carry out the negative pressure extraction of ground, goaf.
6. the method for the ground negative pressure extraction coal bed gas that gas-coal as claimed in claim 1 is adopted altogether is characterized in that: described non-metallic casing is glass reinforced plastic sleeve, PE pipe or pvc pipe.
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