Bearing tester
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of bearings, relate in particular to a kind of bearing tester that detected the serviceable life of bearing.
Background technology
Bearing is a standardization, the high product of degree of specialization; Working condition is complicated; Even sometimes profile is done equally even precision is done to such an extent that very high also may not be certain can reach actual requirement, must there be some special detection testing equipment simulated conditions to make an experiment and examine it whether to reach required technical requirement.The detection testing equipment that has at present is exactly general testing equipments such as reliability of service life strenuous test basically, and a lot of special-purpose testing equipments still are blank.
The Chinese invention patent application discloses a kind of large bearing testing machine in (200910307666.0), and its structure is made up of test unit, loading unit, driver element, control module, hydraulic power unit and worktable.Loading unit, driver element and control module are installed on the worktable; Test unit is arranged on the loading unit; Hydraulic power unit is placed on the back of worktable, links to each other with loading unit, and control module is complementary with test unit, loading unit, driver element, hydraulic power unit respectively.The large size bearing of test unit installation test; Loading unit applies radial load and upsetting moment to test bearing; Driver element is with the rotating speed and the rotation of torque actuated test bearing of regulation, and control module control electric operation and protection, monitoring test operation, analytical test process and result also feed back in good time.This bearing tester is just applied radial load to trying bearing to being undertaken in the testing process by the examination bearing, and not to being applied axial load by the examination bearing.And bearing in the course of the work; Its stressing conditions is comparatively complicated; Bearing both can receive radial force, can receive axial force again, if when bearing (particularly some special bearings) being detected test; Only it is applied radial load or only it is applied axial load, can not reflect well by the serviceable life of examination bearing reality.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the above-mentioned defective that existing bearing tester is had, the technical issues that need to address of the present invention are: a kind of bearing tester is provided, and it can simulate the actual condition of bearing well, to accurate by the test figure of examination bearing.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of bearing tester, comprise frame, be located at the mount pad on the frame and extend into the mount pad place rotation axis, be located at the radial load device on the frame; Connect through driving-belt between radial load device and the rotation axis; It is characterized in that on frame, be provided with the axial load device, the axial load device comprises drift and actuating unit; Under the drive of actuating unit, the end of drift can apply axial load to rotation axis.Wherein, the radial load device is positioned at the below of rotation axis, is connected in driving-belt between radial load and the rotation axis perpendicular to rotation axis, confirms to be applied to the radial force on the rotation axis through the tensioning degree of driving-belt.Be mounted in the mount pad by the examination bearing, tried the inner ring and the rotation axis wringing fit of bearing, the outer ring is fixed on the mount pad.After receiving the radial force that driving-belt applies on the rotation axis, this radial force can final body now by on the inner ring of examination bearing, when being tried bearing and under the drive of rotation axis, rotating, can receive radial load.The radial load device can be to be fixed on the frame, also can on frame, have upper and lower to the slip of certain amplitude.When the radial load device is fixed on the frame, tried the suffered radial load of bearing generally to fix, this can detect respectively the different batches of same specification bearing; If connects for movable between radial load device and the frame, the rate of tension that can regulate driving-belt when the radial load device slides on frame, thus change acts on the size of being tried radial load on the bearing, and this can detect the bearing of different size.Axial load device and rotation axis are arranged in same horizontal position; Described rotation axis and drift generally are coaxial arrangement; Under the drive of axial load device medium power mechanism; Drift can apply axial force to rotation axis, and this axial force finally can be applied to by on the inner ring of examination bearing through rotation axis, thereby can on by the examination bearing, produce axial load.The noise and the outer ring temperature that are produced to can be through bearing working by the judgement of examination bearing failure the time are confirmed; For this basis for estimation; Can come relevant data are gathered through corresponding sensor is set; And through controller corresponding data is handled, hold whether to lose efficacy with auto-alignment and judge, thus the actual life that draws bearing.
As preferably, said drift is with the mode of pulse the end of rotation axis to be applied axial force.Under the actual operating mode of bearing, the suffered axial load of bearing does not often continue, and the actual condition that this has met bearing well helps testing machine and draws and detect data accurately.
As preferably, said actuating unit comprises axial direction electric machine and is located at the rotating disk in the axial direction electric machine rotating shaft, and be provided with connecting rod between drift and the rotating disk, an end of connecting rod is hinged on the rotating disk prejudicially, and the other end of connecting rod connects with the drift activity.When rotating disk rotates under the drive of axial direction electric machine, can make connecting rod reciprocating, and drive drift and rotation axis is applied axial force with the mode of pulse towards the drift direction, thereby for being applied axial load by the examination bearing, simple in structure.
As preferably, said axial load device also comprises two slide bars that laterally arrange, and two slide bar branches are listed in the both sides of drift, and drift is fixedly connected on the drift connector, and the two ends of drift connector are respectively equipped with sliding sleeve, and two sliding sleeves are socketed on the slide bar respectively.Drift is connected on the drift connector, and the two ends of drift connector are respectively equipped with the sliding sleeve sliding bar mechanism, and drift is stable in motion process, and guidance quality is good.
As preferably; Said axial load device also comprises transition axis, and transition axis is between connecting rod and drift, and transition axis is fixedly connected on the transition axis connector; The two ends of transition axis connector are respectively equipped with sliding sleeve; Two sliding sleeves are socketed in respectively on described two slide bars, transition axis and drift each other near both ends between be provided with spring, the other end clasp joint of said connecting rod is on transition axis.Spring through between drift and the transition axis comes transferring power; The elastic force of spring makes drift be close to rotation axis all the time on the one hand; What the force of compression through spring made that drift imposes on rotation axis on the other hand is flexible axial load; Avoid bearing to bear direct shock load, meet actual working conditions.
As preferably, said mount pad periphery is provided with closed box, in closed box, is provided with heating element and temperature sensor.Be provided with closed box; And heating element is set in closed box; Can be for being simulated the temperature under the actual condition by the examination bearing; The design temperature sensor is used to survey the actual temperature in the closed box, so that the work that controller is confirmed heating element in real time whether, the temperature in the closed box is remained on the temperature of setting.
As preferably, in said closed box, be provided with the noise collector, on said mount pad, be provided with thermopair.The noise collector can be stethoscope, is used for gathering by the examination bearing at sound that testing process produced; Thermopair can be K type thermopair, and it is arranged on the mount pad, and contacts with the outer ring of being tried bearing, is used for detecting the temperature that is produced in the testing process outer ring by the examination bearing.The noise collector all is connected with controller with thermopair; After bearing is because of fatigue wear, can produce bigger noise, the outer ring of bearing can produce high temperature; When noise and bearing outer ring temperature reach setting value; Controller can instruct alarm work, makes the operator obtain the information that the target bearing has damaged, and then draws by the actual life of examination target bearing.
As preferably, said axial load device is a quadruplet, their shared cover actuating units, and the axial load device of every cover is corresponding to a cover radial load device.This quadruplet axial load device average level is arranged on the platen of frame, their shared cover actuating units, and simple in structure, compactedness is good, more can meet the working method of drift, helps reducing the whole vibration of testing machine.
As preferably, said quadruplet radial load device is divided into two groups, and one group of radial load device links through driving-belt and a radial motor.One group of radial load device is arranged on the homonymy of frame, and they link through driving-belt and a radial motor, and are simple in structure, compact.
As preferably, be provided with linear bearing between said radial load device and the frame, on the radial load device, be hung with scale pan.Can change the position of radial load device on frame through the mode of plus-minus counterweight on the scale pan; Thereby the rate of tension of driving-belt between control radial load device and the rotation axis; And then change the suffered radial load of rotation axis, improved the scope of application of this testing machine.
Therefore, beneficial effect of the present invention:
Owing to be provided with the axial load device in this bearing tester; This axial load device is when testing machine is worked; Can be for being applied axial load by the examination bearing; Thereby simulate the actual condition of bearing well, make the practical working situation that more can press close to bearing to the data that detected by the examination bearing, improved the accuracy of testing machine.To being applied axial load by the examination bearing, simple in structure, functional reliability is good through drift.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is that the master of bearing tester of the present invention looks partial sectional view.
Accompanying drawing 2 is vertical views that bearing tester of the present invention is removed closed box.
Accompanying drawing 3 is left views that bearing tester of the present invention is removed closed box.
Embodiment
See among the figure that the structure of bearing tester of the present invention comprises frame 1, is located at radial load device 2 and axial load device on the frame 1.On frame 1, be provided with mount pad 6, mount pad 6 is used for installing by examination bearing 5.Also be provided with rotation axis 3 on the frame 1, rotation axis 3 is a cantilever design, and the free end of rotation axis 3 extend into the position of mount pad 6.Radial load device 2 is arranged on the below of rotation axis 3, links through driving-belt 11 between radial load device 2 and the rotation axis 3.On mount pad 6, be provided with mounting hole with step surface; After being installed in the mounting hole by examination bearing 5; On mount pad 6 in being provided with the platen of bowl-type by the outside of examination bearing 5; The bowl-type platen is fixed on the mount pad 6 through fastening bolt, and the inner face of platen is used to push down the outer face by examination bearing 5 outer rings.The free end of rotation axis 3 extend in the mounting hole, is tried wringing fit between inner ring and the rotation axis 3 of bearing.
Described axial load device is with the mode of pulse the free end of rotation axis 3 to be applied axial force, and the axial load device is not to be continuously applied axial force to this end of rotation axis 3.The structure of axial load device comprise drift 7 and with drift 7 joining actuating units, drift 7 and rotation axis 3 coaxial settings, the dynamic action of actuating unit and then act on the rotation axis 3 on drift 7.The structure of actuating unit comprises axial direction electric machine 21 and is fixedly connected on the rotating disk 10 in the axial direction electric machine rotating shaft 22 that rotating disk 10 is in the form of annular discs.Be provided with connecting rod 9 between rotating disk 10 and the drift 7; One end of connecting rod 9 is hinged on the rotating disk 10 prejudicially, between connecting rod 9 and drift 7, is provided with transition axis 8, transition axis 8 also with rotation axis 3 coaxial settings; The other end of connecting rod 9 is hook-shaped, and the hook-shaped end clasp joint of connecting rod 9 is in the end of transition axis 8.On frame 1, be provided with the both sides that 18, two slide bars of two slide bars that are arranged in parallel were listed in drift 7 and transition axis 8 in 18 minutes.Drift 7 is fixedly connected on the drift connector 19, is provided with 17, two sliding sleeves 17 of sliding sleeve respectively at the both ends of drift connector 19 and is socketed in slidably respectively on described two slide bars 18.Transition axis 8 is fixedly connected on the transition axis connector 20, and the both ends of transition axis connector 20 are provided with 17, two sliding sleeves 17 of sliding sleeve respectively and are socketed in slidably respectively on described two slide bars 18.Drift 7 and transition axis 8 axially between have the gap; Acting force between transition axis 8 and the drift 7 is realized transmitting through spring 12; Be the two ends of spring 12 be socketed in respectively transition axis 8 and drift 7 each other near both ends, the two ends of spring 12 act on respectively on transition axis connector 20 and the drift connector 19.Under the effect of spring 12, drift 7 and rotation axis 3 near the end fit together regularly.
The axial load device is a quadruplet, their shared cover actuating units, and the outside of axial direction electric machine 21 is all stretched out at the two ends of correspondingly described axial direction electric machine rotating shaft 22, on two external parts of axial direction electric machine rotating shaft 22, is fixed with a described rotating disk 10 respectively.Two connecting rods 9 in the axial load device of two covers at an external part place of axial direction electric machine rotating shaft 22 are identical with the pin joint position on the rotating disk 10.Corresponding with quadruplet axial load device, described radial load device 2 also is a quadruplet, and radial load device 2 is corresponding one by one with the axial load device.Quadruplet radial load device 2 is divided into two groups; Every group of radial load device 2 is positioned at the homonymy of an external part of axial direction electric machine rotating shaft 22; One group of radial load device 2 shared radial motor 15; Radial motor 15 is located at the below of axial direction electric machine 21, links through driving-belt 11 between radial motor 15 and the radial load device 2.
Described radial load device 2 is positioned at the below of axial load device, between radial load device 2 and frame 1, is provided with linear bearing 16, below radial load device 2, is hung with scale pan 13, can be provided with counterweight 14 on the scale pan 13.Be connected with driving-belt 11 between radial load device 2 and the rotation axis 3; Through plus-minus counterweight 14 on scale pan 13; Can change the distance between radial load device 2 and the rotation axis 3; This can change the rate of tension that is connected in the driving-belt 11 between rotation axis 3 and the radial load device 2, thereby can change the radial force of rotation axis 3, and then changes by the suffered radial load of examination bearing 5.
Periphery in mount pad 6 on frame 1 is provided with closed box 4, and rotation axis 3 extend in the closed box 4 with drift 7.Be provided with heating plate and temperature sensor in the closed box 4, heating plate is used for closed box 4 inside are heated, and temperature sensor is used for the temperature in the perception closed box 4.Heating plate all is connected with the controller of external with temperature sensor, and controller is according to the temperature signal that temperature sensor perceived, and whether confirms heating plate work.When the temperature in the closed box 4 was higher than preset temperature, temperature sensor passed to controller to the temperature signal that perceives, and controller instruction heating plate quits work; When the temperature in the closed box 4 was lower than preset temperature, temperature sensor passed to controller to the temperature signal that perceives, and the work of controller instruction heating plate is treated to instruct heating plate to quit work again when closed box 4 interior temperature reach setting value.
Can adopt dual mode for the bearing failure judgement, a kind of is operative employee's sense organ judgement, and another kind is automatic judgement, and what adopt under the normal condition is automatic judgment mode.Noise collector and thermopair promptly are set in closed box 4, and the noise collector is generally selected stethoscope for use, and thermopair is generally selected K type thermopair for use.Bearing is when long-time running fatigue failure, and the channel surface of the inside and outside circle of bearing occurs peeling off or plastic yield, and peeling off appears in steel ball surface, and bearing can produce bigger noise after continuing motion, and because of the increase of friction force, raises and make by the temperature of examination bearing 5.
The noise collector is connected with above-mentioned controller; When the noise in the noise closed box that collector collects 4 is higher than the mxm. that sets in the controller; Controller can instruct near alarms (like pilot lamp or the hummer) work the corresponding mount pad 6 of being located at; Thereby can remind the operative employee to be in failure state by examination bearing 5 accordingly, and then draw the actual life of corresponding bearing.
Thermopair is located on the mount pad 6, and the outer ring of thermopair and quilt examination bearing 5 contacts, and is used for the temperature that perception is tried bearing 5 outer rings, and thermopair is connected with above-mentioned controller.When thermopair institute sense temperature is higher than the mxm. that sets in the controller; Near the alarm work the corresponding mount pad 6 is located in the controller instruction; Thereby can remind the operative employee to be in failure state by examination bearing 5 accordingly, and then detect the actual life of corresponding bearing.