CN102069163B - Crystallizer, device and method for producing casting blank, casting blank and super-large-section casting blank - Google Patents
Crystallizer, device and method for producing casting blank, casting blank and super-large-section casting blank Download PDFInfo
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- CN102069163B CN102069163B CN2010106062198A CN201010606219A CN102069163B CN 102069163 B CN102069163 B CN 102069163B CN 2010106062198 A CN2010106062198 A CN 2010106062198A CN 201010606219 A CN201010606219 A CN 201010606219A CN 102069163 B CN102069163 B CN 102069163B
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Abstract
The invention provides a crystallizer, a device and a method for producing a casting blank, the casting blank and a super-large-section casting blank. A cavity for casting a blank is formed on the inner side wall of the crystallizer; the inner side wall at least comprises an upper inner side wall and a lower inner side wall which is positioned below the upper inner side wall and is adjacent to the upper inner side wall; the upper inner side wall forms a heat preservation region for preserving heat of molten steel; the lower inner side wall forms a crystallization region for cooling the molten steel; and the device for producing the casting blank at least comprises the crystallizer. The method for producing the casting blank comprises the following step of: preserving heat of the molten steel on a crystallization interface so as to keep the molten steel in a liquid state. The casting blank and the super-large-section casting blank are produced by the crystallizer. The device and the method can be applied to various fields of casting blank production, have the characteristics of small investment, high casting blank quality and high metal yield, and have good economic benefit and social benefit and high market application potential.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metallurgy, especially a kind of crystallizer for the production of strand, the apparatus and method of producing strand, strand (comprising slab, circle base) and large section strand.
Background technology
Strand mainly comprises rectangular bloom (comprising slab), circle base etc., and wherein slab is the primary raw material of producing steel plate, the rectangular bloom of other types and the raw material that the circle base is mainly used to production line rod, tubing products, large forgings.Existing strand adopts crystallizer production usually, can continuous casting, also can cast the length of setting.usually, while adopting crystallizer to produce strand, inject molten steel in inner chamber by the formation of the madial wall to crystallizer, the madial wall of existing crystallizer is made by copper coin usually, copper coin forms the inner chamber of crystallizer, copper coin arranged outside cooling water, to copper coin, to carry out cooling, thereby make the molten steel crystal that enters into crystallizer internal cavity, then by dummy bar, throwing is carried out in the traction of strand head, when strand length reaches predetermined the requirement, stop injecting molten steel, superposed molten steel rapid crystallization and form shrinkage cavity in the madial wall that copper coin forms in crystallizer, so that form long tail base.
In addition, ingot casting also can be produced above product, but, due to the restriction that is subjected to output, energy consumption, environmental protection, is only applicable at present some special fields.
With regard to the development of present continuous casting installation for casting, adopt conventional arc or straight circular-arc type continuous casting machine, because needs are aligned strand, so can only produce the strand of thickness below 400mm, and its width is also restricted, generally below 3000mm, it can not produce higher high-alloy steel of some hardness etc.
, along with the development of the progress of science and technology and society, for the demand percentage of the thick extra wide strand of spy, also increasing.Yet at present, no matter be conventional arc or straight circular-arc type continuous casting machine, or conventional vertical casting machine, the tail base of strand is all very long, and recovery rate is low, cost is high.
Adopt conventional curved circular billet continuous casting machine, producible round base maximum gauge is below 1000mm, but also exposed the restriction of production steel grade (as producing the specification of steel alloy, especially the specification of high-alloy steel) and the defect that the shrinkage cavity of strand afterbody is long, recovery rate is low, cost is high, can not embody the technical advantage of conventional continuous casting fully.Especially for the production of the steel alloy strand of large section, the waste that causes because recovery rate is low is serious, the costliness of cost, makes the production of the steel alloy strand of large section reach the requirement that is difficult to realize industrialization or large-scale production.
Produce the strand of large-sized section if adopt conventional vertical casting machine, the slab thickness of its production is also below 600mm, and (length of tail base is generally more than 2 meters) are grown in the shrinkage cavity of strand afterbody, recovery rate is low, equipment investment is high, production operation is dumb, is not suitable for the production of small lot, many kinds.The strand of the large section of producing for vertical casting machine in addition, limited length due to single strand, generally below 10 meters (if length is long again, need to increase significantly investment and cost, take a large amount of places), the length of such tail base is oversize, and is shorter without effective strand length of shrinkage cavity, is difficult to carry out next step rolling or forges and presses to produce the sheet material of special thick or extra wide.Therefore, at present can't large-scale production the strand of special thick or extra wide.
And for adopting ingot casting, ripe mould is annotated technique and is mainly concentrated on the ingot shape of substance below 40t at present, and exists the shortcoming that energy consumption is high, lumber recovery is low, cost is high, simultaneously, more is difficult to exploitation on the ingot shape technique for the above substance of 50t.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of crystallizer, produce the apparatus and method of strand to solve prior art in producing strand, the shortcoming that shrinkage cavity is long, the tail base is long.The present invention also aims to large-scale production large section strand, further to make super thick steel plate or large forgings.
For this reason, the present invention proposes a kind of crystallizer, and the madial wall of described crystallizer is formed for the cavity of strand, and wherein, described madial wall comprises at least: upper madial wall and be positioned at described upper madial wall below and with the lower madial wall of described upper madial wall adjacency; Described upper madial wall forms the heat preservation zone to molten steel insulation, and described lower madial wall forms the crystal region to described molten steel cools.
Above-mentioned crystallizer, wherein, the thermal conductivity factor of described upper madial wall is less than the thermal conductivity factor of described lower madial wall.
Above-mentioned crystallizer, wherein, described upper madial wall is made by the first insulation material, and described lower madial wall is made by metal material.
Above-mentioned crystallizer, wherein, described upper madial wall is made by silica heat-insulating plate, and described lower madial wall is that copper coin or copper alloy plate are made.
Above-mentioned crystallizer, wherein, described cavity is cylindrical, described columniform diameter is greater than 1000mm; Or the cross section of described cavity is rectangle, and the thickness of described rectangle is greater than 500mm; Or the thickness of described rectangle greater than 500mm, width greater than 1500mm.
Further, described columniform diameter is greater than 1050mm; Or the thickness of described rectangle is greater than 600mm; Or the width of described rectangle greater than the thickness of 3100mm or described rectangle greater than 1000mm, width greater than 3000mm.
The present invention also proposes a kind of device of producing strand, and wherein, the device of described production strand comprises at least:
Crystallizer as above; The gripping section that is used for the clamping strand, described gripping section are positioned at described crystallizer below, and described gripping section has the cooling system of niproll/plate and cooling described strand, and along the moving direction of described strand, the intensity of cooling of described cooling system strengthens gradually.
The device of production strand as above, wherein, described gripping section by four sides solid matter niproll/plate form and be positioned at vertically described crystallizer under, described cooling system is the water-cooling system with a plurality of nozzles, along the moving direction of described strand, the spray flow of described nozzle strengthens gradually.
The device of production strand as above, wherein, the device of described production strand also comprises the attemperator to the heat preservation zone insulation.
The device of production strand as above, wherein, described attemperator is made by the second insulation material, and described attemperator is insulation cover.
The device of production strand as above, wherein, described attemperator has heater block.
The present invention also proposes a kind of method of producing strand, wherein, comprise the following steps: molten steel is injected in the crystal region of crystallizer as above, throwing is carried out in traction by dummy bar head, when the length of strand cast meets the demands, stop throwing, continuation is injected molten steel in crystallizer, make the interface of molten steel face higher than the described heat preservation zone in crystallizer and the formation of described crystal region, heat preservation zone by described crystallizer makes described molten steel keep liquid, by described heat preservation zone to the feeding of strand afterbody.
The method of production strand as above, the method for producing strand, wherein, also comprise:, in the throwing stage, after strand has gone out crystallizer, described strand is carried out clamping and secondary force cooling, along the moving direction of described strand, described secondary forces cooling intensity of cooling to strengthen gradually.
The method of production strand as above also comprises: use the attemperator to the molten steel insulation on described interface.
The method of production strand as above, wherein, described attemperator is made by the second insulation material and/or described attemperator has heater block.
The method of production strand as above also comprises: adopt the crystallizer protecting residue cast or cover the 3rd insulation material on molten steel.
The method of production strand as above, carry out vertical throwing and adopt mould vibration device to complete the demoulding of strand and crystallizer.
The method of production strand as above also comprises: apply the feeding measure of certain pressure on the liquid steel level in crystallizer.
The present invention also proposes a kind of strand, wherein, adopts crystallizer as above to produce, and the tail base of described strand is less than 600mm.
The present invention also proposes a kind of large section strand, wherein, adopts crystallizer as above to produce, and described strand is diameter greater than the round base of 1000mm or thickness greater than the rectangular bloom of 500mm or thickness greater than 500mm, the width rectangular bloom greater than 1500mm.
Large section strand as above, wherein, described strand is diameter greater than the round base of 1050mm or thickness greater than the rectangular bloom of 600mm or width greater than the rectangular bloom of 3100mm or thickness greater than 1000mm, the width rectangular bloom greater than 3000mm, and the tail base of described strand is less than 600mm.
Large section strand as above, wherein, the composition of described strand is carbon steel or steel alloy.
The present invention takes Insulation to make described molten steel have the sufficient time to keep liquid by the crystallizer with heat preservation zone to the molten steel on described crystallization interface, thereby can carry out abundant feeding to the strand afterbody, so reduced the length of shrinkage cavity and tail base, improved recovery rate, improved benefit.
And then the present invention realizes the control that intensity of cooling strengthens gradually on the throwing direction, make the intensity of cooling of strand head larger, the core of accelerating the strand head solidifies, and the liquid core that delays the strand rear portion solidifies, thereby at solidification end, formed a larger arc mushy zone, according to the process of solidifying, promote the liquid core from bottom to top successively to solidify, reach that do not put up a bridge in the strand center, the abundant feeding of molten steel, solidify effect even, dense structure, can further effectively eliminate center porosity and the segregation of strand, eliminate central pipe.
The present invention has reduced the length of shrinkage cavity and tail base; production for the large section strand; overcome recovery rate low; the shortcoming of cost costliness; especially for the production of the steel alloy strand of large section; make on cost significantly and reduce by the present invention, make the production of the steel alloy strand of large section reach the requirement of large-scale production.
Description of drawings
The following drawings only is intended to the present invention is done and schematically illustrates and explain, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein,
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram that the strand of the embodiment of the present invention is produced.
The specific embodiment
Understand for technical characterictic of the present invention, purpose and effect being had more clearly,, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment,, to the specific embodiment of the present invention, structure, feature and function, be described in detail as follows.In addition, by the explanation of the specific embodiment, when can be to reach technological means and the effect that predetermined purpose takes more to be goed deep into concrete understanding to the present invention, however institute's accompanying drawing only be to provide with reference to and explanation use, not be used for the present invention is limited.
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram that the strand of the embodiment of the present invention is produced.As shown in Figure 1, the madial wall of crystallizer 3 provided by the invention is formed for the cavity (comprising upper cavity 11 and lower chamber 21) of strand, namely this cavity is used for injecting molten steel, wherein, described madial wall comprises at least: upper madial wall 1 and be positioned at described upper madial wall 1 below and with the lower madial wall 2 of described upper madial wall 1 adjacency; The heat preservation zone that described upper madial wall 1 forms molten steel insulation, namely upper cavity 11, make the molten steel on interface 6 have the sufficient time to keep liquid, the crystal region that described lower madial wall 2 forms described molten steel cools, namely lower chamber 21.Will keep good linking between upper madial wall 1 and lower madial wall 2, so that molten steel can not revealed, described heat preservation zone and described crystal region form the interface 6 of molten steel.
The present invention takes Insulation to make described molten steel have the sufficient time to keep liquid by the molten steel on the 3 pairs of crystallization interfaces of crystallizer with heat preservation zone, thereby can carry out abundant feeding to the strand afterbody, so reduced the length of shrinkage cavity and tail base, improved recovery rate, improved benefit.And prior art directly is injected into molten steel in crystallizer, and after stopping injecting molten steel, molten steel, at the top of crystallizer rapid crystallization, does not carry out the measure of feeding at all.So the present invention, with respect to prior art, has had technique and the measure of insulation, thereby solved prior art in producing strand, the shortcoming that shrinkage cavity is long, the tail base is long.
In this crystallizer 3, the two-part height in up and down (being the height of upper cavity 11 and lower chamber 21) depends on respectively section, steel grade and the pulling rate etc. of production strand, determined by specific design, for example, the height of upper cavity 11 can be 30% to 70% of the height of crystallizer 3, be for example 40%, 50% or 60% etc.
Further, the thermal conductivity factor of described upper madial wall 1 is less than the thermal conductivity factor of described lower madial wall 2, to reach the heat insulation effect of upper madial wall 1.Further, described upper madial wall 1 comprises the first of by the first insulation material, being made at least, and described lower madial wall 2 comprises the second portion of being made by metal material at least.Upper madial wall 1 of the present invention preferably adopts thermal conductivity factor to be less than or equal to 0.2 material,, to reach heat insulation effect preferably, certainly, adopts thermal conductivity factor at 0.05 watt/thermal insulation material below Mi Du, and heat insulation effect can be better.Certainly, upper madial wall 1 can be not limited to a kind of material, can be combined into from top to bottom by the polylith insulation material, and lower madial wall 2 can be not limited to a kind of material, can be combined into from top to bottom by the polylith metal material.
Further, described upper madial wall 1 is made by single a kind of insulation material, for example by the refractory material of insulation, is made, and preferably adopts silica heat-insulating plate to make and (as: adopts SiO
2＞98%, refractoriness is greater than the heat-insulating shield of 1700 ℃), described lower madial wall 2 is made by single a kind of metal material, for example for copper coin or copper alloy plate, makes, and like this, crystallizer is easy to make.Molten steel will keep good linking between upper madial wall 1 and lower madial wall 2, so that can not revealed.For example, upper madial wall 1 and lower madial wall 2 are separately fixed at the upper and lower of crystallizer, upper madial wall 1 is made by heat-insulating shield, lower madial wall 2 is made by copper coin, during making, heat-insulating shield is docked with copper coin, the gap of docking is little, madial wall 1 and lower madial wall 2 are formed closely be connected,, so that molten steel can not revealed the crystallizer that the present invention adopts the different Heat Conduction Materials in up and down to make, obviously be different from the water mold of conventional conticaster.The material that crystallizer of the present invention is chosen both had been fit to crystallizer bottom rapid crystallization, and the molten steel that is fit to again crystallizer top can be incubated in the later stage of strand, and the proportioning of thermal conductivity factor both can reach the comparatively desirable effect of taking into account throwing and feeding.
Further, the cavity of crystallizer (comprising upper cavity 11 and lower chamber 21) is cylindrical for described cavity, and described columniform diameter is greater than 1000mm; Or the cross section of described cavity is rectangle, and the thickness of described rectangle is greater than 500mm; Or the thickness of institute's rectangle greater than 500mm, width greater than 1500mm.Like this, crystallizer 3 can be made the round base of diameter greater than 1000mm, or thickness is the rectangular bloom of square or rectangle or thickness greater than 500mm, the width slab greater than 1500mm greater than the 500mm cross section.By the crystallizer 3 that adopts such size, owing to having improved recovery rate, having reduced shrinkage cavity and tail base, thereby the large specification strand that can the production prior art can not produce, can carry out large-scale production, can produce extra wide special thick sheet material or large forgings.For example, described cavity diameter is 1000mm, 1050mm, 1100mm, 1150mm, 1200mm, 1250mm, 1300mm is even larger, and perhaps described cavity thickness is the even larger rectangle of 500mm, 550mm, 600mm, 650mm, 700mm, 750mm, 800mm, and perhaps described cavity thickness is that 500mm, width are that rectangle, the thickness of 1500mm is that 550mm, width are that 1500mm above rectangle, thickness are that 600mm is above, width is the above rectangle of 1600mm.
Further, the diameter of described circular cylindrical cavity is greater than 1050mm; Or the thickness of described rectangle is greater than 600mm; Or the width of described rectangle greater than the thickness of 3100mm or described rectangle greater than 1000mm, width greater than the 3000mm rectangle.For example, the thickness of cavity be greater than 1100mm, width greater than the plate shape of 3100mm or thickness for greater than 1200mm, width greater than the rectangle of 3200mm or thickness for greater than 1300mm, the width rectangle greater than 3300mm.Because the recovery rate of prior art is low, prior art is difficult to produce the slab strand that reaches certain recovery rate requirement at present, and the strand of these specifications has special use occasion, thereby the present invention has filled up the blank in market.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention also proposes a kind of device of producing strand, and wherein, described this device comprises at least:
Crystallizer 3 as above; The gripping section that is used for the clamping strand, described gripping section is positioned at described crystallizer 3 belows, described gripping section has the cooling system of niproll and cooling described strand 8, for example, gripping section has the water-cooled supporting construction of four sides solid matter niproll 4 formation of 2～4m, is used for from four direction clamping strand 8, can realize effectively supporting to strand 8, to eliminate strand 8 bulge deformations, in addition, gripping section can also be with the cooling strand function of carbonated drink atomization.Along the moving direction of described strand 8, the intensity of cooling of described cooling system strengthens gradually.Described cooling system can be water-cooling system, for example, on four distribution arrangements of niproll 4, cooling water pipe or a plurality of nozzle is set, and to strand 8 cast or injection cooling water, nozzle can be arranged on the support of niproll 4.For example, in Fig. 1, during throwing, strand 8 moves from top to bottom, and the spray flow of described nozzle strengthens gradually, and the intensity of cooling of the cooling system of cooling described strand 8 also strengthens from top to bottom gradually.
Primary structure about niproll in gripping section 4 and cooling system can be with reference to prior art, the present invention does not repeat them here, the main distinction of the present invention and prior art is, in the present invention, the cooling system of gripping section, be the moving direction of the intensity of cooling of secondary cooling system (with cooling to being cooled to once of lower madial wall 21 in crystallizer) along described strand 8, strengthen gradually.This weak lower strong Cooling Design, make the top of strand 8 keep enough large molten bath 5, to produce the characteristics of unidirectional solidification, in the situation that guarantee that strand is conventional cooling, strengthen the intensity of cooling of strand head (being the bottom of strand 8), the core of accelerating the strand head solidifies, make the molten steel rapid solidification, promote the even growth of base shell 7, form the base shell of adequate thickness, be beneficial to throwing; And the setting of the heat preservation zone by crystallizer 3 or take other Insulations, the liquid core that can delay the strand rear portion solidifies, thereby at solidification end, formed a larger arc mushy zone (being molten bath 5), according to the process of solidifying, promote the liquid core from bottom to top successively to solidify, reach that do not put up a bridge in the strand center, the abundant feeding of molten steel, solidify effect even, dense structure, effectively eliminate center porosity and the segregation of strand, eliminate central pipe, improve the internal soundness of strand.Be strong up and weak down Cooling Design and prior art adopts, thereby be unfavorable for guaranteeing that the internal soundness of strand has restricted the recovery rate of strand, the recovery rate of especially large section casting blank.The present invention has changed the cooling Design Thinking of secondary for a long time, has taked way in contrast to the prior art, has overcome and has restricted for a long time the difficult problem that large section casting blank is produced, and makes large section casting blank can carry out large-scale production.
The device of described production strand of the present invention for example can be vertical casting machine, can have the devices such as dummy bar or equipment for straightening.Further, the device of described production strand also comprises the attemperator to the heat preservation zone insulation.The present invention except employing has the crystallizer 3 of heat preservation zone,, in order to reach better heat insulation effect, can also adopt other attemperator.For example, the insulation cover of described attemperator for by insulation material, being made, the material of insulation cover can be identical with the material of madial wall 1, also can be different with it.Insulation cover can be used as the part of crystallizer 3, and for example the upper cap by being hinged on crystallizer 3 on the heat preservation zone of crystallizer 3, also can not become the part of crystallizer 3, but by other equipment, in use insulation cover be moved on crystallizer 3.Insulation cover can cover on crystallizer 3 when insulation, can lift when not being incubated, so that the casting of molten steel.Further, described insulation cover has heater block, and for example, heater block can be arranged on insulation cover inside, and heater block is the electric heater by resistance heating.Can keep better the liquid state of molten steel by heater block, be conducive to abundant feeding.In addition, heater block also can be independent of the insulation cover setting, can use separately heater block to molten steel insulation.
the present invention also proposes a kind of method of producing strand, wherein, comprise the following steps: molten steel is injected in the crystal region 21 of crystallizer as above, throwing is carried out in traction by dummy bar head, when the length of strand 8 cast meets the demands, stop throwing, continuation is to the interior injection molten steel of crystallizer 3, during the interface 6 that forms higher than the described heat preservation zone in crystallizer and described crystal region when the molten steel face, heat preservation zone by described crystallizer makes described molten steel keep liquid, continuation is injected molten steel in described crystallizer, until after having reached the height that requires, stop injecting molten steel, by described heat preservation zone to the feeding of strand afterbody.The height of requirement wherein depends on section, design length, steel grade of production strand etc., and this is determined by specific design highly usually.
The present invention takes Insulation to make described molten steel have the sufficient time to keep liquid by the molten steel on the 3 pairs of crystallization interfaces of crystallizer with heat preservation zone, thereby can carry out abundant feeding to the strand afterbody, so reduced the length of shrinkage cavity and tail base, improved recovery rate, improved benefit.The present invention, with respect to prior art, has had technique and the measure of insulation, thereby has solved prior art in producing strand, the shortcoming that shrinkage cavity is long, the tail base is long.
Further, the method of production strand as above also comprises:, in the throwing stage, after strand 8 has gone out crystallizer 3, described strand is carried out clamping and secondary force cooling, along the moving direction of described strand 8, described secondary forces cooling intensity of cooling to strengthen gradually.For example, niproll 4 be positioned at vertically described crystallizer 3 under, be used for clamping strand 8.On four distribution arrangements of niproll 4, cooling water pipe or a plurality of nozzle are set, to strand 8 cast or injection cooling water, nozzle can be arranged on the support of niproll 4.During throwing, strand 8 moves from top to bottom, and the spray flow of described nozzle strengthens gradually.
In the present invention, secondary forces cooling intensity of cooling to strengthen gradually along the moving direction of described strand 8.This weak lower strong Cooling Design, make the top of strand 8 keep enough large molten bath 5, to produce the characteristics of unidirectional solidification, in the situation that guarantee that strand is conventional cooling, strengthen the intensity of cooling of strand head, the core of accelerating the strand head solidifies, make the molten steel rapid solidification, promote the even growth of base shell, form the base shell of adequate thickness, be beneficial to throwing; And the setting of the heat preservation zone by crystallizer 3 or take other Insulations, the liquid core that can delay the strand rear portion solidifies, thereby at solidification end, formed a larger arc mushy zone (being molten bath 5), according to the process of solidifying, promote the liquid core from bottom to top successively to solidify, reach that do not put up a bridge in the strand center, the abundant feeding of molten steel, solidify effect even, dense structure, effectively eliminate center porosity and the segregation of strand, eliminate central pipe, improve the internal soundness of strand.
Further, the method for described production strand also comprises: use the attemperator to the molten steel insulation on described interface 6.Further, described attemperator is made by the second insulation material and/or described attemperator has heater block.These can make molten steel have the sufficient time to keep liquid better, realize abundant feeding.
Further, the method for described production strand also comprises: adopt the crystallizer protecting residue cast so that molten steel has the sufficient time to keep liquid, realize abundant feeding, can also form good cc billet surface quality, avoid the generation of surface defect of bloom.Like this, can reduce the setting of the hardware of relevant attemperator, reduce and take up an area, save cost.Adopt crystallizer protecting residue to water and can use separately or in conjunction with other Insulations, jointly use.
Further, described Insulation also comprises: covering insulation material on molten steel, this insulation material can adopt the material identical or different with the lower madial wall of crystallizer.In addition, also can, by applying the feeding measure of certain pressure on the liquid steel level in crystallizer, realize the good feeding of strand afterbody.For example, by pressing plate, liquid steel level is exerted pressure, pressing plate can be arranged on crystallizer 3, also can be arranged on outside crystallizer 3.In like manner, every Insulation of the present invention and feeding measure can be in the situation that do not conflict and use separately or in conjunction with other Insulations and feeding measure, jointly use.
Further, the method of production strand as above, carry out vertical throwing and adopt mould vibration device to complete the demoulding of strand 8 and crystallizer 3, mould vibration device is the affiliated machinery of crystallizer or fluid pressure type vibrating mechanism, be conducive to like this produce the strand of large section, be conducive to the demoulding of the strand of large section.
The present invention also proposes a kind of strand, wherein, adopts crystallizer as above to produce, and the tail base of described strand is less than 600mm, and for example the tail base of strand is less than 550mm or less than 500mm or less than 450mm or less than 400mm or less than 350mm.The strand tail base that the present invention produces is little, shrinkage cavity is little, and internal soundness is good, is that the strand tail base institute of prior art is inaccessiable.If adopt the method for crystallizer of the present invention or production strand of the present invention,, even produce the strand of common section, also can realize internal soundness preferably, also can obtain shorter tail base, increase the benefit.
The present invention also proposes a kind of large section strand, wherein, adopts crystallizer as above to produce, and described strand is diameter greater than the round base of 1000mm or thickness greater than the rectangular bloom of 500mm or thickness greater than 500mm, the width slab greater than 1500mm.For example, diameter is 1000mm, 1050mm, 1100mm, 1150mm, 1200mm, 1250mm, the round base that 1300mm is even larger, perhaps thickness is the even larger rectangular bloom of 500mm, 550mm, 600mm, 650mm, 700mm, 750mm, 800mm, and perhaps thickness is that 500mm, width are that rectangular bloom (also referred to as slab), the thickness of 1500mm is that 550mm, width are that 1500mm above rectangular bloom (also referred to as slab), thickness are that 600mm is above, width is the above rectangular bloom (also referred to as slab) of 1600mm.The strand of these models is difficult to carry out large-scale production with prior art; and the large section Inner Quality of Billet that the present invention produces is good, and recovery rate is high, can large-scale production; can effectively process and utilize, to produce extra wide special thick sheet material or large forgings.
Further, large section strand as above, wherein, described strand is diameter greater than the round base of 1050mm or thickness greater than the rectangular bloom of 600mm or width greater than the rectangular bloom (also referred to as slab) of 3100mm or thickness greater than 1000mm, the width rectangular bloom (also referred to as slab) greater than 3000mm, and the tail base of described strand is less than 600mm.For example, thickness be greater than 1100mm, width greater than the rectangular bloom (also referred to as slab) of 3100mm or thickness for greater than 1200mm, width greater than the rectangular bloom (also referred to as slab) of 3200mm or thickness for greater than 1300mm, the width rectangular bloom (also referred to as slab) greater than 3300mm.The strand of these specifications has special use occasion, thereby the present invention has filled up the blank in market.
Further, the composition of described strand is carbon steel (for example comprising high-carbon steel, medium carbon steel and mild steel) or steel alloy.Therefore, the present invention can produce large section steel alloy strand, can improve the recovery rate of large section steel alloy strand, reduces costs.
Below, take the slab of pouring into a mould 1000 * 3000mm section as example, introduce production process of the present invention.when the molten steel with certain degree of superheat is injected into the crystal region (lower chamber 21 that namely descends madial wall to form) of crystallizer 3, molten steel the strong cold-working of the crystal region surrounding of crystallizer and dummy bar head (not shown) with under, sharply solidify and form hard one deck base shell 7, slowly move down under the traction of dummy bar head, mould vibration device starts simultaneously, can preferably adopt the crystallizer protecting residue cast simultaneously, after strand 8 has gone out crystallizer 3, just entered the gripping section with many row's niprolls 4, it is cooling that secondary cooling water this moment (be secondary force cooling) starts strand has been carried out the pressure of big yield, continuous movement along with strand, requirement according to secondary cold model, the intensity of the secondary cooling water of strand is that top is little, bottom is large, the order unidirectional solidification of and strand center molten steel cooling with the pressure that realizes the strand head, make simultaneously the molten steel molten bath at the center of strand keep a up big and down small bath 5, solidifying fully of strand core homogenized, avoid occurring center porosity and shrinkage cavity, when the length of strand cast meets the demands, continuation is to the interior injection molten steel of crystallizer 3, when the molten steel face during higher than the interface 6 in crystallizer, stop throwing and mold oscillation, and continue to inject molten steel in crystallizer, until after having reached the height that requires, stop injecting molten steel, and take Insulation, to prevent solidifying of molten steel face.After this, the molten steel on crystallizer top can be according to constantly infiltration, the feeding downwards of solidification process of strand, very short tail base of final formation (as＜400mm), avoided the large shrinkage cavity that reaches 2～4m that forms under common pouring technology, greatly improved recovery rate of iron, effectively improved the center segregation of strand afterbody and loosened, basically having eliminated the shrinkage cavity of strand afterbody.
Invention can realize the continuous pouring of large section strand, also be easy to produce the strand of large substance, as monolithic,, greater than the strand more than 100t, can produce high, medium and low carbon steel etc., be easy to especially to produce high-alloy steel that common continuous casting is difficult to produce etc., can significantly improve recovery rate of iron.
The present invention can be applicable to produce the every field of strand, has the advantages that investment is low, slab quality is excellent, recovery rate of iron is high, has good economic benefit and social benefit, has very large market application potential.
The foregoing is only the schematic specific embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit scope of the present invention.Any those skilled in the art, the equivalent variations of doing under the prerequisite that does not break away from design of the present invention and principle and modification, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.And need to prove, each part of the present invention is not limited in above-mentioned overall applicability, but can carry out combination with other prior art according to actual needs, and each part of the present invention can make up mutually under the condition of not conflicting, therefore, other combination relevant with this case inventive point and concrete application have been contained in the present invention in the nature of things.
Claims (19)
1. crystallizer, the madial wall of described crystallizer is formed for the cavity of strand, it is characterized in that, and described madial wall comprises at least:
Upper madial wall and be positioned at described upper madial wall below and with the lower madial wall of described upper madial wall adjacency;
Described upper madial wall forms the heat preservation zone to molten steel insulation, makes the molten steel on interface have the sufficient time to keep liquid, and described lower madial wall forms the crystal region to described molten steel cools;
Described heat preservation zone and described crystal region form the interface of molten steel;
Heat preservation zone by described crystallizer makes described molten steel keep liquid, by described heat preservation zone to the feeding of strand afterbody;
Described upper madial wall is made by the first insulation material, and described lower madial wall is made by metal material.
2. crystallizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the thermal conductivity factor of described upper madial wall is less than the thermal conductivity factor of described lower madial wall.
3. crystallizer as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described upper madial wall is made by silica heat-insulating plate, and described lower madial wall is that copper coin or copper alloy plate are made.
4. crystallizer as claimed any one in claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, described cavity is cylindrical, and described columniform diameter is greater than 1000mm; Or the cross section of described cavity is rectangle, and the thickness of described rectangle is greater than 500mm; Or the thickness of described rectangle greater than 500mm, width greater than 1500mm.
5. crystallizer as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described columniform diameter is greater than 1050mm; Or the thickness of described rectangle is greater than 600mm.
6. a device of producing strand, is characterized in that, the device of described production strand comprises at least:
Crystallizer as described in any one in claim 1 to 5;
The gripping section that is used for the clamping strand, described gripping section are positioned at described crystallizer below, and described gripping section has the cooling system of niproll/plate and cooling described strand, and along the moving direction of described strand, the intensity of cooling of described cooling system strengthens gradually.
7. the device of production strand as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described gripping section by four sides solid matter niproll/plate form and be positioned at vertically described crystallizer under, described cooling system is the water-cooling system with a plurality of nozzles, along the moving direction of described strand, the spray flow of described nozzle strengthens gradually.
8. the device of production strand as described in any one in claim 6 or 7, is characterized in that, the device of described production strand also comprises the attemperator to the heat preservation zone insulation.
9. the device of production strand as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described attemperator is made by the second insulation material, and described attemperator is insulation cover.
10. the device of production strand as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described insulation cover has heater block.
11. method of producing strand, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: molten steel is injected in crystal region as the described crystallizer of any one in claim 1 to 5, throwing is carried out in traction by dummy bar head, when the length of strand cast meets the demands, stop throwing, continuation is injected molten steel in crystallizer, make the interface of molten steel face higher than the described heat preservation zone in crystallizer and the formation of described crystal region, heat preservation zone by described crystallizer makes described molten steel keep liquid, by described heat preservation zone to the feeding of strand afterbody.
12. the method for production strand as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, also comprises: in the throwing stage, after strand has gone out crystallizer, described strand is carried out clamping and secondary force coolingly, along the moving direction of described strand, described secondary forces cooling intensity of cooling to strengthen gradually.
13. the method for production strand as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, the method for described production strand also comprises: use the attemperator to the molten steel insulation on described interface.
14. the method for production strand as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, described attemperator is made by the second insulation material and/or described attemperator has heater block.
15. the method for production strand as described in any one in claim 11 to 14, is characterized in that, the method for described production strand also comprises: adopt the crystallizer protecting residue cast or cover the 3rd insulation material on molten steel.
16. the method for production strand as claimed in claim 15, is characterized in that, carries out vertical throwing and adopt mould vibration device to complete the demoulding of strand and crystallizer.
17. the method for production strand as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, also comprises: to exerting pressure on the liquid steel level in crystallizer.
18. large section strand, it is characterized in that, adopt the method for production strand as claimed in claim 11 to produce, described strand is diameter greater than the round base of 1000mm or thickness greater than the rectangular bloom of 500mm or thickness greater than 500mm, the width rectangular bloom greater than 1500mm.
19. large section strand as claimed in claim 18, is characterized in that, the composition of described strand is steel alloy.
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| CN2010106062198A CN102069163B (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | Crystallizer, device and method for producing casting blank, casting blank and super-large-section casting blank |
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| CN2010106062198A CN102069163B (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2010-12-24 | Crystallizer, device and method for producing casting blank, casting blank and super-large-section casting blank |
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| CN102069163B true CN102069163B (en) | 2013-11-13 |
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| CN103014366B (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2014-05-14 | 东北大学 | Large-scale electroslag remelting steel ingot enhancement cooling apparatus and method thereof |
| CN104131165B (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2017-04-12 | 大连理工大学 | Electron beam melting apparatus and method for preparing niobium-based superhigh temperature alloy by using electron beam melting apparatus |
| CN112605353A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-06 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet and production method thereof, and forging and production method thereof |
| CN113333707B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-08-05 | 陕钢集团汉中钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for casting rectangular blank in non-clamping section of R10-meter arc continuous casting machine |
| CN115383068B (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2024-02-27 | 一重集团大连工程技术有限公司 | Blank tail on-line heat preservation device and method |
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| CN1215638A (en) * | 1997-10-25 | 1999-05-05 | Km欧洲钢铁股份有限公司 | Mould for continuous casting apparatus |
| EP0917922A1 (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-05-26 | Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft | Process and plant for continuous casting slabs |
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