CN102067816A - Method for breeding high-yield high-oil peanut species - Google Patents
Method for breeding high-yield high-oil peanut species Download PDFInfo
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- CN102067816A CN102067816A CN201010523438XA CN201010523438A CN102067816A CN 102067816 A CN102067816 A CN 102067816A CN 201010523438X A CN201010523438X A CN 201010523438XA CN 201010523438 A CN201010523438 A CN 201010523438A CN 102067816 A CN102067816 A CN 102067816A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding high-yield high-oil peanut species. In the method, a genetic relationship of the selected high-yield high-oil peanut species is found out by an SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) molecule marker technology; the species with distant hybrid advantages and larger selection difference is used as a parent for preparing cross combination; the variation frequency is expanded by radiation effect, and the selecting range of a high-yield high-oil gene is expanded; the genetic linkage of an adverse gene is broken down by applying hybridization, and the recombination, polymerization and complementation of high yield, high oil and resistance are realized; an individual plant is directionally selected by using ideal characters as a target in stable generation; and the individual plant is inbred for one generation, a plant system with complete and ideal characters is further selected, and the high-yield high-oil plant system is obtained. The invention has the characteristics of rapidly breeding the high-yield high-oil peanut new species and having simple method and high operability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the peanut breeding technical field, especially relate to the selection that the high oil bloom of a kind of high yield are given birth to kind.
Background technology
Peanut is important oil crop of China and economic crops, SOYBEAN IN HIGH-YIELD BREEDING be always peanut breeding main target, be the peanut breeding Eternal Theme.Peanut has output height, advantage that oil content is high than oil crop such as rape, soybean, to increasing domestic vegetable oil output indispensable effect is arranged, but extensively the peanut varieties oil content of plantation is lower at present, can not satisfy the needs in market, therefore, the seed selection of the living kind of high oil bloom has also become one of main target of present peanut breeding.During the State's Ninth Five-Year Plan period, China has selected some high yields, disease-resistant peanut varieties, important function has been played in the raising of China's peanut yield, but these kind amounts of increase in production are little, and oil content is on the low side, can not satisfy and produce and the needs in market.Press for the peanut varieties that real breakthrough is arranged on producing at present on output and oil content.
High-yield peanut variety is bloomed concentrated, and the flower amount concentrates on the early stage of blooming, effectively colored rate, one-tenth pin rate, setting ratio, plumpness height.The approach of the further high yield of peanut is a high yielding variety of selecting for use characters with plant good; Prolonging crop growth period, improve the plant photosynthetic efficiency and increase the allocation proportion of photosynthetic product to gonophore, is the effective way of peanut varieties improvement.Additive gene plays a major role in the heredity of peanut oil content, by the directed effective improvement of selecting breeding can realize oil content of the oily individual plant of height.The peanut varieties of breeding at present is partial to single index choice, is difficult to realize because peanut yield and oil content, are bred the kind of breakthrough in a short time all by controlled by multiple genes.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to improve the deficiency of prior art and provide a kind of simple, the workable high oil bloom of high yield of new peanut variety, method that can breed high yield, high oil fast to give birth to the selection of kind.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and the high oil bloom of a kind of high yield are given birth to the selection of kind, are characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
(1) kind that selection does very well according to ideal character is as target variety;
(2) selected kind is screened, select the select target of the peanut varieties of high yield, high oil as the parent according to the characteristic of the additive genetic effect of peanut high yield, precocial additivity and epistasis hereditary effect and peanut oil content;
(3) will select to carry out radiation, enlarge variation frequency, and make high yield, high oil base strengthen because of the scope of selecting as parent's peanut varieties;
(4) utilize the characteristic of microsatellite DNA two ends in the genome for conservative single-copy sequence, according to a pair of special primer of the sequences Design at these two ends, by round pcr core microsatellite DNA sequence amplification is therebetween come out, utilize the electrophoretic analysis technology just can obtain its length polymorphism, according to its polymorphism, the peanut varieties of selected high yield, high oil is carried out cluster, find out the affiliation between different cultivars;
(5) make full use of the distant hybrid advantage, the kind that selection differences is bigger makes up as parent 1 and parent's 2 preparing hybrids;
(6) genetic linkage that utilizes hybridization to break unfavorable gene realizes reorganization, polymerization and the complementation of high yield, high oil and resistance, and hybridization produces F
1Generation;
(7) stable by the above selfing of 3 generations, be that individual plant is selected in goal orientation with the ideal character in the stable generation;
(8) with an individual plant selfing generation, further select to have the strain system of complete ideal character, acquisition high yield, high oily strain are.
Described ideal character comprises: 1. plant is short; 2. upright; 3. leaf color depth; 4. the fruit type is big; 5. the full fruit of individual plant number is many; 6. oil content height.
High yield is meant follicarpium output more than 500 kilograms, and high oil is meant that oil content is higher than 55%, and precocity is to sow in spring in 130 days, generally about 120 days in the maturing stage.
In order further to realize purpose of the present invention, can be that described ideal character is: 1. plant be short: about 40-45cm; 2. upright: the angle between the first pair of side shoot and the stem is less than 45 °; 3. leaf color depth: the chlorophyll content height, photosynthesis is strong; 4. the fruit type is big: more than the heavy 250g of all kinds of fruits; 5. the full fruit of individual plant number is many: results are that the ripe full fruit of individual plant is more than 20; 6. oil content height: oil content is more than 55%.
In order further to realize purpose of the present invention, can be that described parent must possess at least 4 proterties in the ideal character, wherein must comprise vertical property, and described two parents' proterties must be complementary.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect:
1, the present invention with high yield, high oil variety proterties divide into that plant is short, upright, leaf color depth, big, many, high six the concrete proterties of oil content of individual plant full fruit number of fruit type, high yield, high oil variety feature is specific, datumization, workable.
2, the present invention is that plant is short, upright, leaf color depth, fruit type are big, the full fruit of individual plant number is many, in high six ideal character gene integration to kinds of oil content, breeds breakthrough new varieties.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment, the high oil bloom of a kind of high yield are given birth to the selection of kind, are that (1) kind that selection does very well according to ideal character is as target variety; (2) selected kind is screened, select the select target of the peanut varieties of high yield, high oil as the parent according to the characteristic of the additive genetic effect of peanut high yield, precocial additivity and epistasis hereditary effect and peanut oil content; (3) will select to carry out radiation, enlarge variation frequency, and make high yield, high oil base strengthen because of the scope of selecting as parent's peanut varieties; (4) utilize the characteristic of microsatellite DNA two ends in the genome for conservative single-copy sequence, according to a pair of special primer of the sequences Design at these two ends, by round pcr core microsatellite DNA sequence amplification is therebetween come out, utilize the electrophoretic analysis technology just can obtain its length polymorphism, according to its polymorphism, the peanut varieties of selected high yield, high oil is carried out cluster, find out the affiliation between different cultivars; (5) make full use of the distant hybrid advantage, the kind that selection differences is bigger makes up as parent 1 and parent's 2 preparing hybrids, and the parent must possess at least 4 proterties in the ideal character, wherein must comprise vertical property, and described two parents' proterties must be complementary; (6) genetic linkage that utilizes hybridization to break unfavorable gene realizes reorganization, polymerization and the complementation of high yield, high oil and resistance, and hybridization produces F
1Generation; (7) stable by the above selfing of 3 generations, be that individual plant is selected in goal orientation with the ideal character in the stable generation; (8) with an individual plant selfing generation, further select to have the strain system of complete ideal character, acquisition high yield, high oily strain are; Ideal character comprises: 1. plant is short; 2. upright; 3. leaf color depth; 4. the fruit type is big; 5. the full fruit of individual plant number is many; 6. oil content height, be specially: 1. plant is short: about 40-45cm; 2. upright: the angle between the first pair of side shoot and the stem is less than 45 °; 3. leaf color depth: the chlorophyll content height, photosynthesis is strong; 4. the fruit type is big: more than the heavy 250g of all kinds of fruits; 5. the full fruit of individual plant number is many: results are that the ripe full fruit of individual plant is more than 20; 6. oil content height: oil content is more than 55%; High yield is meant follicarpium output more than 500 kilograms, and high oil is meant that oil content is higher than 55%, and precocity is to sow in spring in 130 days, generally about 120 days in the maturing stage.
The present invention utilizes the characteristics design specific primer for conservative single-copy sequence of microsatellite DNA two ends in the genome, obtain its length polymorphism by round pcr and electrophoretic analysis technology, with the peanut varieties of selected 30 high yields, high oil poly-be two big classes, from two big classes, select 4 kinds respectively, each kind all has 4 above ideal characters, the preparing hybrid that matches respectively combination is hybridized, and produces offspring F
1Stable through the above selfing of 3 generations, in the stable generation is that individual plant is selected in goal orientation with the ideal character, with an individual plant selfing generation, further select to have the strain system of complete ideal character, obtain high yield, high oily strain system, so cultivate have complete ideal character kind, as maternal LX-3 and male parent LH-2 hybridization, cultivate high yield, high oily new lines LHX-1.
Maternal LX-3 and male parent LH-2 all are that the high yield of Shandong seeds of flowering plants industry Co., Ltd seed selection from existing peanut varieties, high oily strain are; The advantage of LX-3 is upright, and plant is short, and the stem height is 45cm, and the oil content height reaches 55%, and the fruit type is big, and the heavy 257g of all kinds of fruits promptly has 4 ideal characters, and shortcoming is that the leaf look more shallow, and the full fruit of individual plant number is less, only has 12; The advantage of LH-2 is upright, the leaf color depth, and the full fruit of individual plant number is many, reaches 20, and oil content is 57%, and shortcoming is that plant is higher, is 50cm, and all kinds of fruits heavily are 221g; Two strains are that common ground is upright, the oil content height, and other proterties is just complementary.
With LX-3 is maternal, is male parent with LH-2, and artificial hybridization produces F
1In generation, filial generation is stable through the selfing of 3 generations, and being that select target is directed with the ideal character selects, at F
4For selecting 7 individual plants with complete ideal character in the colony, 7 individual plants carry out selfing, further select to have the strain system of complete ideal character, 2007-2008 carries out the output comparative test to elite plant strain, spend 11 to be contrast with the Shandong, three repetitions, the sub-district area is 13.3m
2, the wide 270cm in sub-district, long 494cm, randomised block design, cultivation management technology manages routinely; The output performance of 03-14 is the highest, two annual per mu yields are respectively 398.2 kilograms and 412.3 kilograms, oil content is respectively 56.3% and 57.6%, comparison according to the Shandong spend 11 per mu yield to be respectively 336.4 kilograms and 341.3 kilograms, oil content is respectively 50.8% and 51.7%, rate of growth is respectively 18.37% and 23.44%, and oil content improves 5.5 and 5.9 percentage points respectively.
To sum up, the present invention can be aggregated to the merit of high yield, high oil on the kind, realized that high yield, high oil bloom give birth to the new breakthrough of new varieties, accelerated the process of new peanut variety seed selection by autotelic seed selection, be a kind of novel peanut breeding technology, can be widely used in the middle of the seed selection work of new peanut variety.
Claims (3)
1. the selection of the living kind of the high oil bloom of high yield is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
(1) kind that selection does very well according to ideal character is as target variety;
(2) selected kind is screened, select the select target of the peanut varieties of high yield, high oil as the parent according to the characteristic of the additive genetic effect of peanut high yield, precocial additivity and epistasis hereditary effect and peanut oil content;
(3) will select to carry out radiation, enlarge variation frequency, and make high yield, high oil base strengthen because of the scope of selecting as parent's peanut varieties;
(4) utilize the characteristic of microsatellite DNA two ends in the genome for conservative single-copy sequence, according to a pair of special primer of the sequences Design at these two ends, by round pcr core microsatellite DNA sequence amplification is therebetween come out, utilize the electrophoretic analysis technology just can obtain its length polymorphism, according to its polymorphism, the peanut varieties of selected high yield, high oil is carried out cluster, find out the affiliation between different cultivars;
(5) make full use of the distant hybrid advantage, the kind that selection differences is bigger makes up as parent 1 and parent's 2 preparing hybrids;
(6) genetic linkage that utilizes hybridization to break unfavorable gene realizes reorganization, polymerization and the complementation of high yield, high oil and resistance, and hybridization produces F1 generation;
(7) stable by the above selfing of 3 generations, be that individual plant is selected in goal orientation with the ideal character in the stable generation;
(8) with an individual plant selfing generation, further select to have the strain system of complete ideal character, acquisition high yield, high oily strain are.
Described ideal character comprises: 1. plant is short; 2. upright; 3. leaf color depth; 4. the fruit type is big; 5. the full fruit of individual plant number is many; 6. oil content height.
High yield is meant follicarpium output more than 500 kilograms, and high oil is meant that oil content is higher than 55%, and precocity is to sow in spring in 130 days in the maturing stage.
2. the high oil bloom of a kind of high yield according to claim 1 are given birth to the selection of kind, and it is characterized in that: described ideal character is: 1. plant is short: about 40-45cm; 2. upright: the angle between the first pair of side shoot and the stem is less than 45 °; 3. leaf color depth: the chlorophyll content height, photosynthesis is strong; 4. the fruit type is big: more than the heavy 250g of all kinds of fruits; 5. the full fruit of individual plant number is many: results are that the ripe full fruit of individual plant is more than 20; 6. oil content height: oil content is more than 55%.
3. according to the selection of right 1 or the living kind of the high oil bloom of 2 described a kind of high yields, it is characterized in that: described parent must possess at least 4 proterties in the ideal character, wherein must comprise vertical property, and described two parents' proterties must be complementary.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102283099A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-21 | 山东省花生研究所 | Method for breeding high-yield high-oleic-acid high-oil peanuts |
| CN102283098A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2011-12-21 | 山东省花生研究所 | High-oleic-acid, high-protein and high-yield peanut breeding method |
| CN102283100A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-21 | 山东省花生研究所 | Method for breeding high-oleic-acid disease-resistance peanuts |
| CN105359965A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-03-02 | 河南农业大学 | Method for acquiring peanut mutant by ion beam mutagenesis |
| CN107079808A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-08-22 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of selection of half climing type high-yield peanut variety |
| CN107410009A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-12-01 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of selection of high protein peanut varieties |
| CN108396075A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-08-14 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | With the application of the relevant molecular labeling pPGPseq2A5 of peanut oil content |
| CN109699425A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-03 | 漯河市农业科学院 | A kind of method of breeding green high-efficient peanut varieties |
-
2010
- 2010-10-29 CN CN201010523438XA patent/CN102067816A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102283098A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2011-12-21 | 山东省花生研究所 | High-oleic-acid, high-protein and high-yield peanut breeding method |
| CN102283098B (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-09 | 山东省花生研究所 | High-oleic-acid, high-protein and high-yield peanut breeding method |
| CN102283099A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-21 | 山东省花生研究所 | Method for breeding high-yield high-oleic-acid high-oil peanuts |
| CN102283100A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-21 | 山东省花生研究所 | Method for breeding high-oleic-acid disease-resistance peanuts |
| CN102283099B (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2012-10-31 | 山东省花生研究所 | Method for breeding high-yield high-oleic-acid high-oil peanuts |
| CN105359965A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-03-02 | 河南农业大学 | Method for acquiring peanut mutant by ion beam mutagenesis |
| CN107079808A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-08-22 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of selection of half climing type high-yield peanut variety |
| CN107410009A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-12-01 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of selection of high protein peanut varieties |
| CN107079808B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2019-04-09 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of selection of half climing type high-yield peanut variety |
| CN107410009B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2019-07-02 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of selection of high protein peanut varieties |
| CN108396075A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-08-14 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | With the application of the relevant molecular labeling pPGPseq2A5 of peanut oil content |
| CN109699425A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-03 | 漯河市农业科学院 | A kind of method of breeding green high-efficient peanut varieties |
| CN109699425B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2021-01-08 | 漯河市农业科学院 | Method for breeding green and efficient peanut varieties |
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Application publication date: 20110525 |