CN102065771A - Medical X-ray examination apparatus and method for k-edge imaging - Google Patents
Medical X-ray examination apparatus and method for k-edge imaging Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a medical X-rayexamination apparatus and method for performing k-edge imaging of an object of interest including material showing k- edge absorption. To allow the use of conventional detector technology, which does not suffer from the limitation to provide very high k-rate capabilities a method is proposed comprising the steps of: -emitting polychromatic X-ray radiation (4; 4a, 4b), -Bragg filtering said polychromatic X-rayradiation by a Bragg filter such that radiation (16) transmitted through said Bragg filter (14; 14a, 14b) passes through said object (5), -detecting X-rayradiation after passing through said object (5), -acquiring projection data at at least two different Bragg reflection angles of said Bragg filter (14; 14a, 14b), and -reconstructing a k-edge image from the acquired projection data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the corresponding method of a kind of medical x-ray examination apparatus and the k limit imaging that is used to carry out the institute's object that comprises the material that shows that the k limit absorbs.
Background technology
Conventional CT (computerized tomography) imaging system measured X ray attenuation, and provide limited contrast for medical imaging.Most of clinical practices use contrast agent to increase contrast.Yet people wish to enlarge the quantity of information of CT imaging system.
In the imaging of k limit, use adjustable monochromater to detect special atom by the decay of measuring under two or more energy (usually before and after the k limit), for instance, this is at H.Elleaune, A.M.Charvet, S.Corde, (Phys.Med.Biol.47 (2002) described in 3369-3385) " the Performance ofcomputed tomography for contrast agent concentration measurementswith monochromatic X-ray beams:comparison of k-edge versus temporalsubtraction " of F.Esteve and J.F.LeBas.Yet monochromater generally is not suitable for clinical practice, or because the power that their power level needs away from medical imaging, or because they use the synchrotron radiation of high energy acclerator.
WO2007/034356A2 discloses a kind of CT imaging system of using conventional colored x-ray source and energy to decompose X-ray detector.The data of gathering are suitably handled, can be with certain material composition (for example contrast agent component), photo effect component except that described material composition and at least three kinds of images of Compton scattering component reconstruct except that described material composition.X-ray detector decomposes detection signals for different energy sinks provides many energy with wave spectrum sensitivity, and energy sink is the part of whole energy range, wherein said detection signal be available and be concerned about.Then, the target of scanning is modeled as the photoelectric effect with first wave spectrum, the Compton effect with second wave spectrum and has the k limit and have the combination of the material of the 3rd wave spectrum in interested energy range.The density length product of each component in each detection signal is modeled as discrete linear system, finds the solution this system, to obtain the k limit component of described material at least.According to the k limit component of the described material that obtains in different detector location, can come the k edge graph picture of this material of reconstruct with the reconstructing method of routine.
Frequency spectrum CT has the potentiality of innovation CT imaging.Especially the imaging of k limit can make target radiography material quantitative imaging selectively.But the major obstacle of leading to frequency spectrum CT is the utilization with detector of very high computational speed ability.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide the method for a kind of medical x-ray examination apparatus and a kind of correspondence, be used to carry out the k limit imaging of institute's object, institute's object comprises the material that shows the k limit absorption that allows use conventional sense device technology, and this conventional sense device technology is not provided the above-mentioned restriction of very high computational speed ability.
In a first aspect of the present invention, a kind of medical x-ray examination apparatus is provided, be used to carry out the k limit imaging of institute's object, described target comprises the material that shows that the k limit absorbs, described medical x-ray examination apparatus comprises:
-colored x-ray source is used to launch colored X-radiation;
-Prague light filter, it is arranged on the radiation path between described x-ray source and the described target, so that the radiation that sees through described Prague light filter is through described target;
-light filter control unit is used to control the Bragg reflection angle of described Prague light filter;
-X-ray detector is used to detect the X-radiation through after the described target;
-acquisition controlling unit is used to control x-ray source, X-ray detector and light filter control unit, so as under at least two different Bragg reflection angles of described Prague light filter recording projection data; With
-graphics processing unit is used for according to the data for projection reconstruct k edge graph picture of gathering.
In other aspects of the present invention, provide a kind of corresponding X ray detection method.Most preferred embodiment of the present invention limits in the dependent claims.
The present invention is based on following thought, promptly use conventional (colour) x-ray source and conventional X-ray detector to gather at least two group data for projection.Use sees through the radiation of Prague light filter and gathers these data for projection under different Bragg reflection angles.For instance, in a most preferred embodiment, under a certain projectional angle and first Bragg reflection angle, gather first group of data for projection, and (preferably under identical or essentially identical projectional angle) gathers second group of data for projection under second Bragg reflection angle.According to the data for projection of gathering, can the required k edge graph picture of reconstruct.This k edge graph picture caters to the need very much, and for instance, allows directly to measure to be injected into the intravital contrast agent such as Gd of patient (other radiography materials that perhaps also show the k side effect).
According to a most preferred embodiment, described acquisition controlling unit is suitable for controlling x-ray source, X-ray detector and light filter control unit, so that from different projectional angle recording projection datas, wherein gather two groups of data for projection from essentially identical projectional angle but under the different Bragg reflection angles of described Prague light filter, and described image-generating unit comprises:
-computing unit is used for determining data for projection relevant with the k limit under described different Bragg reflection angles according to the difference between described two groups of data for projection of gathering under the essentially identical projectional angle; And
-reconfiguration unit is used for according to the described data for projection reconstruct k edge graph picture relevant with the k limit.
Therefore, by two groups of data for projection that relatively under different Bragg reflection angles, obtain, can distinguish by show decay that material that the k limit absorbs causes and by in the inspection area/be arranged in the absorption that the target of inspection area causes.Because other materials shows unlike k sapwood material that usually this decay increases suddenly, therefore can carry out this differentiation by comparing two groups of data for projection.The decay relevant with k sapwood material can be estimated or calculate, and can come reconstruct k edge graph picture in view of the above.
Should be noted that, preferably should be captured in two groups of data for projection that obtain under the different Bragg reflection angles under the identical projectional angle.But in practice, the stand of CT scan device rotates continuously, is therefore gathering first group of data for projection under first Bragg reflection angle and is gathering under second Bragg reflection angle between second group of data for projection, and x-ray source has moved certain distance and angle.Therefore, in fact these two groups of data for projection are gathered from essentially identical projectional angle, and this will mean that x-ray source has had necessarily moving of (little) degree between twice (continuously preferred) measures.
This may cause small image error, and this error can be corrected.For instance, focus may change a little between twice measurement, and perhaps the projection data set of Huo Deing can be by rights by interpolation.
According to an alternative, described image-generating unit comprises:
-reconfiguration unit is used for according to data for projection reconstruct first image of gathering under first Bragg reflection angle, and according to data for projection reconstruct second image of under second Bragg reflection angle, gathering; And
-computing unit is used for determining k edge graph picture according to the difference between described first image and second image.
This embodiment has following advantage: not need under the different Bragg reflection angles with under identical or essentially identical projectional angle, obtain two groups of data for projection.In addition, do not need to measure to revise image error as the foregoing description.
In the further improvement of this embodiment, described acquisition controlling unit is suitable for controlling described light filter control unit, make two different Bragg reflection angles that during two groups of data for projection of collection, use cause reflected radiation, the photon energy that radiation reflected has under first Bragg reflection angle is than the k limit energy height that is present in the contrast agent in the target, and the photon energy that radiation reflected has under second Bragg reflection angle is lower than the k limit energy of described contrast agent.Therefore, according to this embodiment, be preferably placed at the not homonymy on k limit through the spectrum dip in the radiating wave spectrum of Prague light filter.Preferably, Prague light filter is controlled so as to, and the spectrum dip in the wave spectrum is positioned at the position near the k limit, and this is because k sapwood material shows significant absorption difference in these positions, and therefore the difference in the data for projection of gathering becomes and is not equal to zero.
In order to control Bragg reflection angle, the light filter control unit preferably is suitable for controlling the position and/or the orientation of Prague light filter.But, can have other modes to control Bragg reflection angle.In an alternative, control unit is suitable for controlling described Prague light filter and from the angle between the described X-radiation of x-ray source emission.This angle mainly is responsible for changing Bragg reflection angle.
In a simple embodiment, the light filter control unit comprises position and/or the directed actuator that is used to control Prague light filter.There is various Prague light filter to utilize, can uses them according to the present invention.In a most preferred embodiment, Prague light filter is crooked, shows identical Bragg reflection angle with all radiant fluxs of guaranteeing (fan-shaped) beam that x-ray source is launched, and demonstrates identical wave spectrum.In general, Prague light filter can also have different forms, and/or like this location, and promptly for whole X-radiation bundle, angle of reflection is constant substantially, is lower than this angle of reflection, and incident X-radiation is reflected.
In a most preferred embodiment, Prague light filter is high orientation pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) light filter.This HOPG light filter has certain spectrum width, and has improved sensitivity.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of medical x-ray examination apparatus is provided, be used to carry out the k limit imaging of institute's object, described target comprises the material that shows that the k limit absorbs, described medical x-ray examination apparatus comprises:
-two colored x-ray sources are used to launch colored X-radiation;
-two Prague light filters, they have different Bragg reflection angles, and each described Prague light filter is arranged on the radiation path between in the described x-ray source one and the described target, so that see through described radiation through described target;
-two X-ray detectors are used to detect the X-radiation through after the described target;
-acquisition controlling unit is used to control x-ray source and X-ray detector, so that from different projectional angle recording projection datas; With
-graphics processing unit is used for according to the data for projection reconstruct k edge graph picture of gathering.
According to this aspect of the invention, can be captured in two groups of data for projection that obtain under two different Bragg reflection angles simultaneously.Therefore, compare, need the advantage of more hardware to be the time less that data acquisition needs with device according to above-mentioned first aspect.
As above described at the device of first aspect, this device of second aspect also can further improve with identical or similar embodiment.
At last, in one aspect of the invention, provide a kind of computer program, comprised program code, be used to control described medical x-ray examination apparatus to carry out the step of described medical X-ray inspection method.
Preferably, X ray checking device according to the present invention is used for directly measuring contrast media, for example is used in the contrast agent in the medical imaging.This has opened many new Clinical symptoms for the CT imaging, and for example absolute blood volume is measured or brain perfusion imaging.Concerning angiography, it can enhanced contrast, and can differentiate and inject endovascular contrast agent and endovascular calcium speckle.For instance, preferred contrast agent comprises iodine or gadolinium (Gd), because the k side effect under high-energy, so Gd is more preferably.The present invention can further be used in the molecular imaging with reconstructed image, shows to be injected into the intravital particular matter of patient, and for example special contrast agent, these materials only accumulate in some cell or other target places, for example tumor cell or fibrin.Therefore the method according to this invention helps or can be used for these interior cells of quantitative measurement study area.
Be understood that claimed apparatus and method required for protection have aforesaid and as the similar and/or identical most preferred embodiment that limits in the dependent claims.
Description of drawings
According to each embodiment as described below, these and other aspects of the present invention can become apparent, and are illustrated.In the accompanying drawing below:
Fig. 1 has shown first embodiment according to medical x-ray examination apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 has showed the principle of testing fixture as shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 has shown that displaying is used to explain the chart and the attenuation curve of various wave spectrums of the present invention;
Fig. 4 has shown the chart of the exemplary graph of various wave spectrums; And
Fig. 5 has shown second embodiment according to medical x-ray examination apparatus of the present invention.
Similar reference number refers to identical or similar parts in the accompanying drawings.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shown according to medical x-ray examination apparatus of the present invention, CT imaging system especially, first embodiment.CT imaging system as shown in Figure 1 comprises can be around the stand 1 of the rotation axis R rotation that is parallel to the extension of z direction.Radiation source 2 in particular for launching (routine) colored X-ray tube of wide energy wave spectrum X ray, is installed on the stand 1.X-ray tube 2 is equipped with collimator apparatus 3, and this device uses the radiation that is produced by X-ray tube 2 to form conical radiant flux 4.The target (not shown) patient for example in the study area in the cylindrical examination zone 5 is passed in radiation.After passing inspection area 5, X-ray beam 4 is mapped on the X-ray detector unit 6 (being two-dimensional detector in this embodiment) that is installed on the stand 1.
Stand 1 is driven by motor 7 with preferred constant but adjustable angular velocity.Provide another motor 8 with along being parallel to the direction moving target of rotation axis R or z axis, for example be arranged in the patient on the patient table of inspection area 5.These motors 7,8 are by control unit 9 control, for example make radiation source 2 and inspection area 5 move relative to each other along helical trajectory.Yet can not move object or inspection area 5 yet, and only be x-ray source 2 rotations.
The data that detector 6 is gathered are provided for image processing apparatus 1, and this device comprises computing unit 12 and reconfiguration unit 13, and reconfiguration unit is used for Flame Image Process, in particular for the k edge graph picture of material (for example contrast agent) in the reconstruct target (for example patient).In clinical practice, need this k edge graph picture,, and in medical image, demonstrate high-contrast, thereby allow some required application because it has carried special information.At last, the image of reconstruct can offer the display 11 that is used for display image.Image processing apparatus 10 is preferably also by control unit 9 controls.
According to this embodiment of the invention, Prague light filter 14 is set in the radiation path between x-ray source 2 and the target, therefore target is passed in the radiation 16 that sees through described Prague light filter 14, and does not pass target by described Prague light filter 14 radiation reflected 17.According to the present invention, there is not to use the radiation 17 (seeing the enlarged drawing of this principle of displaying shown in Figure 2 in addition) that is reflected.
In addition, according to this embodiment of the invention, provide light filter control unit 15 to control the Bragg reflection angle of described Prague light filter 14.For instance, this light filter control unit 15 can be simple actuator or other motors, can change described angle by them, and Prague light filter 14 is in the radiant flux 4 when being lower than this angle.This light filter control unit 15 is also by control unit 9 controls, and control unit 9 preferred also control detection devices 6 are with the data of control by detector 6 collections.
When this radiant flux 4 hit Prague light filter (crystal) 14, if satisfy Bragg condition n λ=2dsin θ, n was an arbitrary integer, and d is a lattice parameter, and then it is with wavelength X and angle of reflection θ reflection photon.Though come imaging with folded light beam 17 usually,, use the transmitted light beam 16 of the reflecting part 17 that lacks incident beam 4 according to the present invention.As in the CT of routine imaging system, use transmitted light beam 16 then.
By other actuator 15, dynamically control the angle between Prague light filter 14 and the X-ray beam 4.Prague light filter 14 is preferably crooked, so that concerning whole light beam 4, it is constant that angle of reflection θ keeps.
Conventional Prague crystal detector has sharp-pointed reflection peak in wave spectrum, and the intrafascicular sub-fraction of reflect color light only.So-called HOPG (high order pyrolytic graphite) can be used for widening this reflectance spectrum.
To explain the Flame Image Process scheme that adopts according to the first embodiment of the present invention below in more detail.
Fig. 3 has shown the chart of showing various wave spectrums and absorption curve, and wherein E is (photon) energy, and I is the intensity of signal level, and μ is X ray decay/absorption.Fig. 3 a has shown the routine output wave spectrum of X-ray tube.Fig. 3 b has shown relevant transmitted light beam wave spectrum, owing to do not have the X ray of reflection, so spectrum dip is arranged in the wave spectrum.By changing the angle of Prague light filter 14, the position of spectrum dip can change, shown in Fig. 3 c.
According to the first embodiment of the present invention, carry out twice continuous measurement with the different Bragg reflection angle of Prague light filter.Though ideal situation is to carry out this twice measurement under identical projectional angle, but in fact stand normally rotates continuously, so x-ray source 2 has rotated a certain angle between measurement (using first Bragg reflection angle) for the first time and the measurement second time (using second Bragg reflection angle).Because this fact, therefore twice continuous measurement in fact just carried out under substantially the same projectional angle.In the CT of reality system, whenever revolving turns around can carry out about 1100 measurements, and therefore the differential seat angle between twice continuous measurement is approximately 0.33 °.This only is an example, because can there be other numerals in other CT systems.
This fact may cause little image artifacts, but can solve by repeatedly measuring.For instance, can go up and use insertion for the second time measuring (carrying out) with second Bragg reflection angle, so as with projectional angle that the projectional angle of carrying out measuring for the first time (using first Bragg reflection angle) equates on these measurements of insertion.For Flame Image Process subsequently, use measure the second time of measuring for the first time and inserting.Alternately measurement is that therefore the radiant flux of twice continuous measurement is overlapping as much as possible for the focus of the x-ray source 2 that changes for the first time and/or measure the second time.But also can use other measuring methods well known in the art.
Spectrum dip in the wave spectrum is preferably so selected, and promptly they are positioned at the both sides from the k limit energy of used radiography material (for example Gd).The absorption curve of this material is shown in Fig. 3 e.It comprises increasing suddenly of k limit place's decay.There are not other components in the beam on k limit to have level and smooth attenuation curve shown in Fig. 3 d in the energy system (regime).
Fig. 4 has showed the chart of typical curve of the original wave spectrum 20 of x-ray source 2, for first Bragg angle show 47keV (kiloelectron-volt) the transmitted light beam wave spectrum 21 of spectrum dip, and the transmitted light beam wave spectrum 22 that shows the spectrum dip of 53keV for second Bragg angle.The absorption curve 23 of also having showed Gd is positioned at the not homonymy on k limit to show the spectrum dip in the wave spectrum 21,22.
Distinguish the decay that causes by the k sapwood material of selecting by comparing twice (continuously) measurement, distinguish and in computing unit 12, carry out.After suitably calibrating, estimate the decay relevant according to the difference of twice measurement with the k limit, suppose the decay that this difference only differs greatly from both sides, k limit, and identical in twice measurement from the decay of other components.If the decay that is caused by the k limit of contrast agent is known, reconfiguration unit 13 can be applied to the image reconstructing method of routine these projections so, to form the selection image of contrast agent.
The measurement result M of detecting element in an integration period can use the following formula approximate representation:
Should energy wave spectrum E's outer integration be quadratured.R (E) is the spectral density of the X ray flux that sends from X-ray tube in an integration period.B (E) is the effective spectral transition function of Prague filter elements.D (E) is the spectrum sensitivity of detector.Exponential function has been described the decay in the scanning target.This independent variable is asked the integration of the decay relevant with space (x) with energy (E) along ray ds.
Product R (E) B (E) D (E)=S (E) quilt is called the effective spectrum sensitivity of imaging device altogether.With different Prague filter settings value B
1(E) and B
2(E) carry out at least twice measurement, and measurement result and sensitivity correspondingly are labeled as M
1, M
2And S
1(E), S
2(E).Integration in the index is turned around in reconstruct, and it is inessential here.Only need to derive this principal value of integral.Integration is divided into decay and the residual attenuation that is caused by the k sapwood material that will be identified, and this decay is divided into part relevant with energy and density portion:
Obtain (equation 1) together:
M
1，2≈∫S
1，2(E)e
-[Fφ(E)+Kκ(E)]dE.
This formula can be used for understanding ultimate principle.If do not have k sapwood material (K=0) in the beam, so measurement result M
1And M
2Similar, because φ (E) is at two central energy (E of Prague light filter
B1, E
B2) locate similar, φ (E
B1)～φ (E
B2).If k sapwood material is (K＞0) in beam, similarity can be interfered so, because k is (E
B1) and k (E
B2) because of E
B1And E
B2Between the k limit and difference.
Many methods can be used for obtaining k edge graph picture from measurement data.Method is to use the formula in the equation 1, to obtain system sensitivity S
1And S
2, and the rough estimate decay φ (E) relevant with energy.Because κ (E) is well-known, therefore obtain the system of two nonlinear equations and two unknown number F and K.Well-known numerical method can be used for finding the solution.If F and K are known, so Chang Gui reconstructing method can be used for calculating relevant image.
Another method is to carry out system calibration according to univocal model.Combination (F for many known F and K
i, K
i), can measure to obtain M
1,2(F
i, K
i).This system features matrix can be used for measurement result be converted into relevant attenuation (F, K).
Comparison is measured in use an alternative embodiment of the invention of essentially identical hardware as shown in Figure 1 in image area.According to this embodiment, for example in the first time of stand rotary course, under first Bragg reflection angle, obtain first data for projection of different projectional angles, and for example in second rotary course of stand, under second Bragg reflection angle, obtain second data for projection of different projectional angles (identical in theory) with the projectional angle that obtains first data for projection.
Carry out two measured value M then
1,2Reconstruct, two reconstructed images can be analyzed according to pixel x pixel.This formation method or can as described, the measurement of the well-known model of usefulness calibrate to Projection Analysis, otherwise can carry out simple image loses lustre.The simple image technology that loses lustre has shown good result.
Fig. 5 has shown other embodiment according to medical x-ray examination apparatus of the present invention.Be different from embodiment shown in Figure 1, this device comprises that now two are installed in colored x-ray source 2a, 2b on the stand 1 and X-ray detector 6a, the 6b of two correspondences.In this embodiment, x-ray source 2a, 2b are installed on the stand 1, so that the angle of beam 4a, the 4b of emission is shifted 90 °, but this is not an essential feature, also can select other angles displacements.
In addition, at x-ray source 2a, put Prague light filter 14a, a 14b among each radiant flux 4a, 4b between 2b and the target 5, it has the Bragg reflection angle of fixing (but different).Bragg reflection angle is preferably selected to, make the transmitted light beam wave spectrum show the spectrum dip shown in Fig. 3 b, 3c, be to have spectrum dip before the k limit of the k sapwood material of wave spectrum in being present in target of one of them transmitted radiation bundle, and the wave spectrum of another transmitted radiation bundle have spectrum dip after the k limit of described k sapwood material.Therefore, utilize this embodiment, obtain two groups of data for projection under different Bragg reflection angles simultaneously by two X-ray detector 6a, 6b.Therefore in this embodiment, do not need to be used to control the device of the Bragg reflection angle of Prague light filter 14a, 14b.
The further processing of the data for projection that obtains and image processing step generally with in the embodiment of device shown in Figure 1, describe identical.Especially, carrying out Flame Image Process with before obtaining k edge graph picture, can be relatively the data for projection of acquisition in (substantially) identical projectional angle but under the different Bragg reflection angles.Alternatively, reconstructed image in first step, especially data for projection reconstruct first image that obtains according to the first detector 6a, and data for projection reconstruct second image that obtains according to the second detector 6b.Compare the image of reconstruct then, for example lose lustre mutually, to obtain required k opening image.
Though show in accompanying drawing and above-mentioned description and describe the present invention in detail, it is illustrative or typical that such displaying and description are considered to, and nonrestrictive; The present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments.By research accompanying drawing, description and appending claims, be understandable to other changes that disclosed each embodiment made, and can implement by the those skilled in the art of the invention of implementing to ask for protection.
In claims, word " comprises " does not get rid of other elements or step, and indefinite article " " is not got rid of a plurality of.The function of several parts of enumerating in claims might be realized in one element or other unit.Mentioned some measurement in different mutually dependent claims, this only is a fact, does not represent that these measurements can not be used to produce good effect altogether.
According to the present invention, the computer program that is used to realize described inspection method and/or control described testing fixture can store/be distributed in suitable medium, optical storage media or for example with other hardware or the solid state medium that provides as the part of other hardware, but also can distribute, for example by the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems with other forms.
Any reference marker in claims should not regarded as is used for the limiting protecting scope.
Claims (14)
1. a medical x-ray examination apparatus is used to carry out the k limit imaging of institute's object, and described target comprises the material that shows that the k limit absorbs, and described medical x-ray examination apparatus comprises:
-colored x-ray source (2) is used to launch colored X-radiation (4);
-Prague light filter (14), it is arranged on the radiation path between described x-ray source (2) and the described target (5), so that the radiation (16) that sees through described Prague light filter (14) is through described target (5);
-light filter control unit (15) is used to control the Bragg reflection angle of described Prague light filter (14);
-X-ray detector (6) is used for detecting through described target (5) X-radiation afterwards;
-acquisition controlling unit (9) is used to control x-ray source (2), X-ray detector (6) and light filter control unit (15), so as under at least two different Bragg reflection angles of described Prague light filter recording projection data; With
-graphics processing unit (10) is used for according to the data for projection reconstruct k edge graph picture of gathering.
2. medical x-ray examination apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described acquisition controlling unit (9) is suitable for controlling x-ray source (2), X-ray detector (6) and light filter control unit (15), so that from different projectional angle recording projection datas, wherein gather two groups of data for projection from essentially identical projectional angle but under the different Bragg reflection angles of described Prague light filter (14), and described image-generating unit (10) comprising:
-computing unit (12) is used for determining data for projection relevant with the k limit under described different Bragg reflection angles according to the difference between described two groups of data for projection of gathering under the essentially identical projectional angle; And
-reconfiguration unit (13) is used for according to the described data for projection reconstruct k edge graph picture relevant with the k limit.
3. medical x-ray examination apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described image-generating unit (10) comprising:
-reconfiguration unit (13) is used for according to data for projection reconstruct first image of gathering under first Bragg reflection angle, and according to data for projection reconstruct second image of under second Bragg reflection angle, gathering; And
-computing unit (12) is used for determining k edge graph picture according to the difference between described first image and second image.
4. medical x-ray examination apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described acquisition controlling unit (9) is suitable for controlling described light filter control unit (15), make two different Bragg reflection angles that during two groups of data for projection of collection, use cause reflected radiation, the photon energy that radiation reflected has under first Bragg reflection angle is than the k limit energy height that is present in the contrast agent in the target, and the photon energy that radiation reflected has under second Bragg reflection angle is lower than the k limit energy of described contrast agent.
5. medical x-ray examination apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described light filter control unit (15)) be suitable for controlling the position and/or the orientation of described Prague light filter (14), to control described Bragg reflection angle.
6. medical x-ray examination apparatus as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described light filter control unit (15) comprises position and/or the directed actuator that is used to control described Prague light filter (14).
7. medical x-ray examination apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described light filter control unit (15)) be suitable for controlling described Prague light filter (14) and the described X-radiation that sends from described x-ray source (2) between angle.
8. medical x-ray examination apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described Prague light filter (14) is crooked.
9. medical x-ray examination apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described Prague light filter (14) is high orientation pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) light filter.
10. a medical x-ray examination apparatus is used to carry out the k limit imaging of institute's object, and described target comprises the material that shows that the k limit absorbs, and described medical x-ray examination apparatus comprises:
-two colored x-ray sources (2a, 2b), be used to launch colored X-radiation (4a, 4b),
-two Prague light filter (14A, 14B), they have different Bragg reflection angles, each described Prague light filter (14A, (2a is on the radiation path between in 2b) and the described target (5), so that see through described (14A 14B) to be arranged on described x-ray source, (16a is 16b) through described target (5) in radiation 14B);
(6a 6b), is used for detecting through described target (5) X-radiation afterwards-two X-ray detectors;
-acquisition controlling unit (9), be used to control x-ray source (2a, 2b) and X-ray detector (6a, 6b) so that from different projectional angle recording projection datas; With
-graphics processing unit (10) is used for according to the data for projection reconstruct k edge graph picture of gathering.
11. medical x-ray examination apparatus as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, described acquisition controlling unit (9) is suitable for controlling x-ray source (2a, 2b) and X-ray detector (6a, 6b), so that from different projectional angle recording projection datas, wherein gather two groups of data for projection by described two X-ray detectors, and described image-generating unit (10) comprising from essentially identical projectional angle:
-computing unit (12) is used for determining data for projection relevant with the k limit under described different Bragg reflection angles according to the difference between described two groups of data for projection of gathering under the essentially identical projectional angle; And
-reconfiguration unit (13) is used for according to the described data for projection reconstruct k edge graph picture relevant with the k limit.
12. medical x-ray examination apparatus as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, described image-generating unit (10) comprising:
-reconfiguration unit (13) is used for data for projection reconstruct first image gathered according to first X-ray detector (6a), and data for projection reconstruct second image of gathering according to second X-ray detector (6b); And
-computing unit (12) is used for determining k edge graph picture according to the difference between described first and second images.
13. a medical X-ray inspection method is used to carry out the k limit imaging of institute's object, described target comprises the material that shows that the k limit absorbs, and described medical X-ray inspection method comprises the steps:
-launch colored X-radiation (4; 4a, 4b);
-filter described colored X-radiation with light filter Prague, Prague, so that see through described Prague light filter (14; 14a, radiation 14b) (16) is through described target (5);
-detect through described target (5) X-radiation afterwards;
-filter (14 in described Prague; 14a, recording projection data under at least two different Bragg reflection angles 14b); With
-according to the data for projection reconstruct k edge graph picture of gathering.
14. a computer program comprises program code, is used to control as medical x-ray examination apparatus as described in claim 1 or 10 to carry out the step as medical X-ray inspection method as described in the claim 13.
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| EP08158745 | 2008-06-23 | ||
| EP08158745.3 | 2008-06-23 | ||
| PCT/IB2009/052562 WO2009156898A2 (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2009-06-17 | Medical x-ray examination apparatus and method for k-edge imaging |
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| CN102065771B CN102065771B (en) | 2013-07-10 |
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| US (1) | US8229060B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2293721B1 (en) |
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| CN104379063A (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2015-02-25 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Spectral imaging based decision support, treatment planning and/or intervention guidance |
| CN107106109A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2017-08-29 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Computed tomograph scanner system |
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| RU2623689C2 (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2017-06-28 | Хельмут Фишер Гмбх Институт Фюр Электроник Унд Месстекник | Method and device for carrying out x-ray fluorescence analysis |
| US8885910B2 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-11-11 | General Electric Company | Systems and methods for X-ray imaging |
| JP7015781B2 (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2022-02-03 | フォト・ダイアグノスティック・システムズ，インコーポレイテッド | Methods and Instruments for Performing Multiple Energy (Including Dual Energy) Computed Tomography (CT) Imaging |
| US11337663B2 (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2022-05-24 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | Rapid filtration methods for dual-energy X-ray CT |
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| EP2293721B1 (en) | 2011-11-09 |
| ATE532460T1 (en) | 2011-11-15 |
| US20110103550A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
| EP2293721A2 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
| US8229060B2 (en) | 2012-07-24 |
| WO2009156898A3 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
| CN102065771B (en) | 2013-07-10 |
| WO2009156898A2 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
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