Inside spin roller gear rotation cold extrusion die
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the device in a kind of gear machining technology field, specifically is a kind of inside spin roller gear rotation cold extrusion die.
Background technology
Helix cylindrical gear has purposes widely, can be used for the supporting demand of high-power electric instrument and other transmission component.When inside spin roller gear structure was used for transmission mechanism, its profile of tooth contact-ratio was more than the twice of common spur gear, and it is smooth-going to turn round in the work, and noise is little, and helix cylindrical gear also possesses the characteristic of high output torque and low back clearance simultaneously.
The existing processing method of inside spin roller gear is mainly machine cut processing, as adopting turning processing or milling-tapping machine interior milling head processing is installed, and difficulty of processing is big, cost is high, production efficiency is low, and stock utilization is not high.Because machining can produce " profile of tooth calibration inequality " this major defect, machining can cause metallic fiber to be cut off simultaneously, so that the intensity of the inside spin roller gear that processes reduces the shortening in service life.
Except that machining, also adopt hobbing method processing inside spin roller gear sometimes, obtain the base material after promptly adopting the powder metallurgy repressing and re-sintering, process by gear hobbing technology again.But gear hobbing processing gained part profile accuracy and mechanical performance are relatively poor, and uniformity is poor in batches, are not suitable for producing in enormous quantities.
Find through retrieval prior art, the someone adopts the method for extrusion forging to produce helix cylindrical gear in recent years, B.A.Behrens, E.Doege etc. adopt complete closed molds hot extrusion forging and molding helix cylindrical gear, see B.A.Behrens, E.Doege et., Precision forging processes for high-duty automotive components (precision forging technology in the high-strength automotive part production), Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol.185 (2007): 139-146; S.Y.Jung, M.C.Kang etc. adopt two molds earlier with blank cold-extrusion shaping spur gear, again the spur gear that is shaped is swaged into helical gear, see S.Y.Jung, M.C.Kang et., A Study on the Extrusion by a two-step process formanufacturing helical gear (research that helical gear is produced in extruding based on two-step method), Int J Adv Manuf Technol, Vol.41 (2009): 684-693.Said method all adopts closed molds to forge, and forging force is big, and die life is low, and the external spiral gear that is only applicable to be shaped, and about extrusion forging shaping inside spin roller gear, does not also have the open source literature report at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the prior art above shortcomings, a kind of inside spin roller gear rotation cold extrusion die is provided, the cold extrusion forging method is applied to the production of inside spin roller gear, not only improve the deficiency that existing machinery cutting process and hobbing method exist, and solved general closed molds forging, the problem that forging force is big of adopting, prolonged die life, be convenient to production operation, be beneficial to cost savings, can enhance productivity simultaneously, stock utilization and product precision.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: go up mode structure and following mode structure, wherein:
Last mode structure comprises: punch, punch centring ring, punch retainer plate, convex mould base, punch upper padding plate, thrust bearing and upper bolster, wherein: the socket successively from outside to inside of punch centring ring, punch retainer plate, punch, thrust bearing is arranged in the punch centring ring and with the punch upper end and is connected, punch centring ring and punch upper padding plate are individually fixed in the convex mould base, and convex mould base is fixedlyed connected with upper bolster;
Following mode structure comprises: stripper, die, die centring ring, die lower bolster adjustable plate, die lower bolster, limited block, push rod and sleeve, push rod and die shoe, wherein: stripper is movably set in the die shoe top, die lower bolster adjustable plate, die lower bolster, limited block and die from bottom to top are arranged in the die centring ring successively, the die centring ring is fixed in the die shoe, and push rod is arranged to be fixed in the push rod and sleeve in the die shoe and with die lower bolster adjustable plate and contacts.
Described punch is the cone that the stairstepping diameter from top to bottom reduces gradually, and as the mandrel of extrusion billet, adjacent with mandrel is the working portion of punch, is processed into screw serrated form in forming process on the top of punch.
Described punch and punch centring ring adopt matched in clearance, and punch centring ring and punch retainer plate adopt interference fit, realize inside spin profile of tooth part extruding rotary forming and rotation discharging by the punch rotation.
Described die both sides are provided with ball bearing, adopt interference fit between ball bearing and the die, adopt matched in clearance between ball bearing and the die lower bolster, guarantee that the extrusion process die can rotate, effectively reduce the resistance in the extrusion process, avoid the punch profile of tooth to be damaged.
The center of described die and die lower bolster has through hole and is provided with kicker, and this kicker is a stepped ramp type cylindrical structure, and its center is provided with the through hole identical with the pre-punched hole diameter of extrusion billet.
Vertical some groups of guide pillars, guide pin bushing, spring guide and the discharge arm screw of being provided with between described upper bolster, stripper and the die shoe is to realize the relative motion between the three.
Operation principle of the present invention is: the extrusion billet outside is because the extruding force effect is close to the die inwall, if adopt the non-rotating die, process can produce huge frictional resistance.For reducing the moment of torsion that produces because of frictional resistance, in the mould design, fastening-type punch common, that do not possess spinfunction, die all are placed among the swivel bearing, the metal helical flow that makes progress when being squeezed, the moment of torsion that produces can drive punch, die and produce servo rotation in bearing, thereby the rotational resistance that flow metal and punch, die are born is reduced to minimum, can shear fracture not take place because of being subjected to powerful friction torque with the metal that guarantees helical flow.
When adopting mould of the present invention to carry out inside spin roller gear part forming, because the metal spiral flow direction upwards, main torsional interaction is on punch.Support with thrust bearing in the punch upper surface, punch and bearing rotate under twisting force.At this moment, punch is main rotation, and die is the servo-actuated rotation.For guaranteeing that the rotation cold-stamped implements, must make moment of friction MF as far as possible little, turning moment MR can overcome friction square MF, thereby guarantees to produce in the extrusion process rotation that cooperates of workpiece material and punch, die.
The present invention has adopted cold-extrusion shaping to substitute machining, and metal streamline is complete, has improved the intensity and the comprehensive mechanical performance of gear, has increased the transmission capacity of moment of torsion, has improved the bearing capacity and the service life of gear.With respect to prior art, adopt mould of the present invention to carry out the processing of internal helical gear part, can enhance productivity, reduce production costs, promote product quality and life-span.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the punch part drawing of band screw serrated form;
Fig. 3 is the inside spin roller gear part drawing after processing;
Fig. 4 is a counterdie master workspace installation process schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises: go up mode structure and following mode structure, wherein:
Last mode structure comprises:
Critical pieces such as upper bolster 10, punch centring ring 11, punch retainer plate 12, punch 13, punch upper padding plate 14, thrust bearing 15, convex mould base 16.Wherein punch centring ring 11, punch retainer plate 12, punch 13 socket successively from outside to inside, thrust bearing 15 is arranged in the punch centring ring 11 and with punch 13 upper ends and is connected, punch centring ring 11 and punch upper padding plate 14 are individually fixed in the convex mould base 16, and convex mould base 16 is fixedlyed connected with upper bolster 10;
Following mode structure comprises:
Critical pieces such as die shoe 1, discharge arm screw 2, die lower bolster adjustable plate 3, die lower bolster 4, limited block 5, stripper 6, guide pin bushing 7, stripper insert 8, guide pillar 9, extrusion billet 17, die 18, die cover plate 19, kicker 20, spring guide 21, spring 22, ball bearing 23, die centring ring 24, push rod and sleeve 25, push rod 26.Wherein stripper 6 is movably set in die shoe 1 top, die lower bolster adjustable plate 3, die lower bolster 4, limited block 5 and die 18 from bottom to top are arranged in the die centring ring 24 successively, die centring ring 24 is fixed in the die shoe 1, push rod 26 is arranged at and is fixed in the die shoe 1 in the push rod and sleeve 25, supporting die lower bolster adjustable plate 3, extrusion billet 17 is the products material in the implementation process.
Present embodiment carries out installment work in the following manner:
At first, extrusion billet 17 is placed in the die 18.Die 18 peripheries are with die centring ring 24 and die cover plate 19, and the bottom is lined with die lower bolster 4 and the die backing plate is adjusted plate 3, cooperate ball bearing 23 can realize rotating in a circumferential direction.Matched in clearance between die cover plate 19 and the ball bearing 23 guarantees by limited block 5, avoids ball bearing 23 to be damaged in forming process.The placement of extrusion billet 17 in die 18 highly relies on kicker 20 and push rod 26 to be controlled.As special circumstances, can adopt kicker 20 and push rod 26 that extrusion billet 17 is taken out.
Subsequently, the upper bolster 10 that is fixed on press upper table face moves downward under the press slide effect, drives punch 13 and moves downward.The outer working face of punch 13 has screw serrated form, as shown in Figure 2.When it moves downward, be fixed on the upper bolster 10 by the acting in conjunction of convex mould base 16, punch retainer plate 12, punch centring ring 11, punch upper padding plate 14 and thrust bearing 15.Upper bolster 10 moves downward in the process, and spring 22 compresses under the acting in conjunction of spring guide 21 and stripper 6, and stripper 6, stripper are inserted and 8 with discharge arm screw 2 relative motions taken place.
When punch 13 be placed on extrusion billet 17 in the die 18 when coming in contact, whole extrusion process begins to carry out, be that punch 13 continues to move down, extrusion billet 17 upwards flows under the effect of backward extrusion power, act on place, the punch 13 work zones torsion that screw serrated form produced simultaneously and drive punch 13 and die 18 generation rotation automatically in thrust bearing 15 and ball bearing 23, until the inside spin roller gear 27 of the desired height that is shaped, as shown in Figure 3.
After shaping was finished, stripper 6 resetted under the acting in conjunction of spring guide 21, spring 22 and discharge arm screw 2.
Counterdie master workspace 31 complex structures of this mould, installation process will be carried out according to certain order, as shown in Figure 4.At first push rod and sleeve 25 and push rod 26 are combined as compound push rod 27, together are placed into die shoe 1 inside, form compound die shoe 28.Meanwhile, die lower bolster adjustable plate 3 and die lower bolster 4 are mounted in the die retainer plate 24, form combined die annex 29.Kicker 20 is put into combined die annex 29 subsequently, and combines with compound die shoe 28, forms compound die annex 30.Ball bearing 23, die 18, limited block 5 and die cover plate 19 are installed at last successively, are about to counterdie master workspace 31 and install.