CN102051190B - Distillation process for reducing generated oil sludge - Google Patents
Distillation process for reducing generated oil sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN102051190B CN102051190B CN 201010597843 CN201010597843A CN102051190B CN 102051190 B CN102051190 B CN 102051190B CN 201010597843 CN201010597843 CN 201010597843 CN 201010597843 A CN201010597843 A CN 201010597843A CN 102051190 B CN102051190 B CN 102051190B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for reducing generated oil sludge in the process of oil shale distillation oil refining and a dust removing device for removing micro-dust adhering to the surface of oil shale or removing micro-particles mixed in the oil shale. The process sequentially realizes dust removal and distillation and comprises the following steps of: removing dust of the oil shale prior to the distillation in a retort; firstly, eliminating micro-dust adhering to the surface of the oil shale and micro oil shale particles smaller than a certain specification by using an airflow purge method to prevent the particles from entering an oil recovery system; and controlling the particle size of the micro-particles in the oil shale by using an airflow speed control method, wherein the airflow speed can be selected from 8m/S to 15m/S; micro-particles with the particle size being smaller than 1mm in the oil shale can be removed when the airflow speed reaches 15m/S. The invention can ensure that the oil sludge generated in the process of distillation oil refining is reduced by more than two-thirds and the oil recovery rate is increased by 5 to 7 percentage points. The invention is also suitable for the distillation oil refining of coal and the dust removal of other solid materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of in the oil shale retorting oil refining process, reduce the technology that greasy filth generates and remove stick to the cleaning apparatus that the lip-deep micronic dust of resinous shale or removal are mingled in the molecule in the resinous shale.
Background technology
The a large amount of greasy filth that produce in oil shale retorting oil refining industry oil recovery system are puzzlement manager and technician's difficult problems always.When gas retort carries out destructive distillation to resinous shale, the micronic dust that is mingled in the molecule resinous shale in the destructive distillation material or sticks to the resinous shale surface simultaneously enters oil recovery system with destructive distillation oil gas, this part micronic dust particle diameter is very little, mostly below 0.3mm, after entering oil recovery system in company with destructive distillation oil gas, through spray scrubber, tornado dust collector, after the device processes such as electric precipitator, be condensed together with shale oil and separate, the shale oil that these micronic dusts and destructive distillation produce mixes, become greasy filth, greasy filth cohesiveness is very strong, be bonded on the pipeline, on the valve, on the equipment, remove difficulty, not only influence the safe operation of equipment, and oil recovery rate is descended significantly.Sometimes, greasy filth even the export control of obstruction gas retort force gas retort to stop production and clean.Generally, about about 5000 tons of the annual greasy filth amount that produces of one 30,000 tons oil shale retorting oil refining factory, loss shale oil 1500-2000 ton reduces 5-7 percentage point of oil recovery rate.Can only rely on artificial removing and remove these greasy filth, not only labour intensity is big, contaminate environment, and cause enormous economic loss.Also all there are this type of problem in usefulness coal cokings such as the coking of coal, blue charcoal destructive distillation factory, the enterprise that produces tar.In the industrial production, for satisfy service requirements, improve the quality of products, classify or protect reasons such as environment also usually needs remove being mingled in the molecule in the solid materials or sticking on the solid materials micronic dust.In factory, the general equipment such as tornado dust collector, electric precipitator that adopt are removed when containing solid granule in the gas, and method such as general employing washing when needing to remove the molecule that is mingled in the solid materials or when sticking on the solid materials micronic dust (as coal washing plant etc.).But when adopting method for washing, certainly will cause material moisture to increase, thereby increase the burden of aftertreatment and the efficient of production.Therefore up to the present, the destructive distillation oil refining industry does not still have a kind of suitable method to remove the small-particle micronic dust that itself contains in the resinous shale both at home and abroad, reduces the generation of greasy filth.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the micronic dust that sticks to the resinous shale surface and the removing problem of the molecule in the resinous shale, for the oil shale retorting oil refining industry provides a kind of micronic dust content that can effectively remove in the resinous shale, thereby reduce the greasy filth growing amount, the technology of the oil recovery rate of raising and equipment.This technology and equipment also are applicable to coking and the destructive distillation of coal.Concrete process program is:
One, the micronic dust content in a kind of effective removing resinous shale, thus the greasy filth growing amount reduced, improve the technology of oil recovery rate, it is characterized in that: first dedusting, back destructive distillation.Traditional technology was not established cleaning apparatus before resinous shale enters the gas retort destructive distillation, cleaning apparatus is located at after the gas retort.Technology of the present invention is before resinous shale enters the gas retort destructive distillation, earlier it is carried out dedusting, and the method for employing gas flow purging will stick to the micronic dust on resinous shale surface and remove less than the molecule resinous shale of certain specification in advance, not allow it enter oil recovery system.This method does not change the physical and chemical quality into the resinous shale of stove destructive distillation, can not increase the burden of aftertreatment.The specification of the molecule resinous shale of removing is determined as required, removing the particle diameter of the molecule in the resinous shale controls with the method for regulation and control gas velocity, gas velocity can be selected between 8m-15m/S, can remove the molecule below the particle diameter 1mm in the resinous shale when gas velocity reaches 15m/S.
Two, a kind of oscillatory type fly-ash separator of realizing described processing requirement of the present invention, it is characterized in that: solid materials enters from fly-ash separator top, and dedusting gas enters from the fly-ash separator bottom, and dedusting gas can be air, flue gas or other available gas at the scene.Be provided with the multilayer vibrating bed in the fly-ash separator, the number of plies n of vibrating bed is definite according to the micronic dust content of material, (n=1-5).Micronic dust content is many, and the number of plies is more, and micronic dust content is few, and the number of plies is few, generally establishes 3 layers.Vibrating bed is arranged by " Z " font.Lay sieve plate on the vibrating bed, have sieve aperture on the sieve plate.The aperture of sieve plate can be selected between 6mm-40mm.The dust-cleaning principle of described oscillatory type fly-ash separator is seen Fig. 2.Material enters oscillatory type fly-ash separator 203 through feed bin 201, feeding machine 202, material is fallen on the fly-ash separator 203 inner multilayer vibrating beds 204 that arrange, gas blower 205 is sent into fly-ash separator with air from the lower inlet 206 of fly-ash separator, the gas that material is purged, contains micronic dust is drawn from the top fairlead 209 of oscillatory type fly-ash separator 203, enter sack cleaner 210, induced draft fan 211 purified gas is sent into chimney 212 dischargings, how much quantity of sack cleaner is determined according to fume amount, can establish one-level and also can establish multistagely, be standard with the emission compliance.In the oscillatory type fly-ash separator, purged clean solid materials and discharged from the discharge machine 207 of oscillatory type fly-ash separator bottom, be sent to gas retort through discharge travelling belt 208.
The structure of described oscillatory type fly-ash separator is seen Fig. 3.Hopper 201 is arranged on the top of fly-ash separator body 203, hopper 201 bottoms arrange the inside that feeding machine 202, multilayer vibrating bed 204 are arranged on fly-ash separator body 203, gas (air, flue gas or other gas) import 206 is arranged on the bottom of fly-ash separator body 203, discharge machine 207 is arranged on the bottom of fly-ash separator body 203, discharge machine 207 bottoms arrange discharge travelling belt 208, and the top of fly-ash separator body 203 arranges gas outlet pipe road 209.
Technology of the present invention has taked the method for watershed management to solve the greasy filth problem.Changed the traditional thinking mode in the traditional technology.Traditional technology is that research has produced the technology how greasy filth is cleared up, and technology of the present invention is the micronic dust that first removing may become greasy filth, thereby controls and reduced the generation of greasy filth from the source.The key problem in technology of technology of the present invention is the micronic dust that might become greasy filth and the granule wax shale that enters gas retort before resinous shale enters gas retort earlier with the method removing of gas purging, micronic dust content reduces greatly in the oil gas of destructive distillation generation like this, significantly reduce the purpose that oil recovery rate is improved thereby reach the greasy filth growing amount.The nucleus equipment of technology of the present invention is the oscillatory type fly-ash separator, this equipment has adopted and has been conducive to material balance, fully dedusting, prevents the structure stopped up, can remove contained small-particle micronic dust in the resinous shale effectively as required neatly, the other technologies parameter in the time of can not influencing resinous shale again and go into stove.The present invention has adopted following technology to reach the purpose of invention.
The one, the dedusting of homogeneous phase mixed flow.In the vibration fly-ash separator, air-flow can contact with all resinous shale is balanced, and micronic dust is removed.Resinous shale advances except beating at vibrating bed, part resinous shale passes sieve aperture free-falling on the sieve plate, like this and the formation of air-flow from bottom to top be in contact, taken up by air-flow less than the small-particle micronic dust of certain specification, rise together with air-flow, taken out of fly-ash separator.The micronic dust that the resinous shale surface of coming out from the fly-ash separator bottom adheres to and all taken away by air-flow less than the granule wax shale of certain specification, resinous shale has been cleaned.
The 2nd, the flow velocity regulation and control.Removing the granular size of micronic dust regulates and control with the height of the gas velocity that enters fly-ash separator.When needs remove the particle of micronic dust bigger the time, can improve the speed of air-flow, remove the particle of micronic dust when smaller when needs, can reduce the speed of air-flow.Because the sectional area of fly-ash separator is fixed, so the flow of gas velocity and gas is directly proportional.That is to say, the size of flow that enters the gas of fly-ash separator with regulation and control just can regulate and control easily except dust quantity how much and the granular size of dedusting.
Technical oil shale retorting oil refining process flow process of the present invention sees Fig. 1, and wherein frame of broken lines goes out part for increasing newly.
Resinous shale is sent resinous shale into the vibration fly-ash separator through crushing and screening device crushing and screening by rotary conveyor and is carried out dedusting.Resinous shale is fallen on the multilayer vibrating bed that is obliquely installed in the fly-ash separator after the top adding of vibration fly-ash separator.Resinous shale bounds forward under the effect of vibrating bed, and a part of resinous shale falls from the sieve aperture that sieve plate is offered, and falls down when a part of resinous shale moves to the vibrating bed afterbody on one deck sieve plate.Dedusting gas enters from the fly-ash separator bottom, and dedusting gas can be air, flue gas or other available gas at the scene.Because resinous shale is among the motion, dedusting gas in uphill process can with resinous shale fully, the balanced contact, the micronic dust of resinous shale surface adhesion and taken away by air-flow less than the tiny resinous shale of certain specification vibrates fly-ash separator from discharging together in company with air-flow.The resinous shale that is cleaned is discharged from vibration fly-ash separator bottom, is sent to the gas retort destructive distillation by rotary conveyor.Other physical and chemical qualities of resinous shale that are removed the micronic dust of certain amount in vibration in the fly-ash separator do not change.About about 110 ℃ oil gas that destructive distillation produces is derived from the gas retort top, but owing to most of micronic dust is removed in the vibration fly-ash separator, so the micronic dust content in the destructive distillation oil gas significantly reduces.Through the water spray, cooling tower revolves and catches device, and oil is received in the condensation of electric fishing device, and the greasy filth amount also significantly reduces.The border is measured factually, and the greasy filth amount reduces more than 2/3, and the oil recovery rate of system increases 5-7 percentage point.
The production run of technology of the present invention does not have other detrimentally affects to the technology of whole oil shale retorting oil refining.The present invention compares with the domestic Fushun formula oil shale distillation process that generally uses now, has following tangible advantage.
The one, greasy filth amount generating capacity is little.Fushun technology greasy filth amount generating capacity is 5000 tons/year in every group of stove, can reduce to below 1500 tons/year after adopting this technology.
The 2nd, oil recovery rate height.The rate of recovery of tradition Fushun technical oil is 60～65%, can improve 5-7 percentage point as the rate of recovery that adopts technical oil of the present invention.
The 3rd, environmental protection.The present invention reduces the greasy filth amount generating capacity of destructive distillation oil refining process greatly, has not only reduced the workload of removing greasy filth, has improved equipment operating efficiency, and has reduced generating capacity and the treatment capacity of pollutent.
The 4th, good in economic efficiency.Oil recovery rate improves 5 above percentage points; Be 10,000 tons destructive distillation oil refining factory by day output, the resinous shale oil length is 10% to calculate, and light improves oil-collecting ratio every year of 5 percentage points with regard to 1.65 ten thousand tons of voluminous shale oil, calculates by 5000 yuan of/ton oil, and annual net increase is taken in 82,500,000 yuan.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the few greasy filth process flow sheet of oil shale distillation;
Fig. 2 is principle of work and the connecting mode synoptic diagram of resinous shale cleaning apparatus;
Fig. 3 oscillatory type fly-ash separator structural representation.
Embodiment
Technical process of the present invention has reflected mainly among the figure that the flow process of the few greasy filth technology of oil shale distillation and the difference of former destructive distillation oil refining process only are to have increased " resinous shale dedusting " this procedure before destructive distillation as shown in Figure 1.Wherein frame of broken lines goes out part for increasing newly.Process sequences is successively: ore reduction screening, resinous shale dedusting, destructive distillation, condensation recovery, gas heating.The resinous shale dedusting specifically comprise the steps: resinous shale through crushing and screening device crushing and screening by rotary conveyor with resinous shale send into the vibration fly-ash separator carry out dedusting.Resinous shale adds from the top of fly-ash separator.Resinous shale is fallen on the vibrating bed that is obliquely installed in the fly-ash separator.Resinous shale bounds forward under the effect of vibrating bed, and a part of resinous shale falls from the sieve aperture that sieve plate is offered, and falls down when a part of resinous shale moves to the vibrating bed afterbody on one deck sieve plate.Dedusting gas enters from the fly-ash separator bottom, and dedusting gas can be air, flue gas or other available gas at the scene.Dedusting gas is abundant with resinous shale, the balanced contact in uphill process, the micronic dust of resinous shale surface adhesion and taken away by air-flow less than the tiny resinous shale of certain specification, discharge fly-ash separator together in company with air-flow and enter sack cleaner and gather dust, the gas after gathering dust is derived by induced draft fan and is entered chimney.Resinous shale after being cleaned is discharged from the fly-ash separator bottom, is sent to the gas retort destructive distillation by rotary conveyor.The later recovery of oil operation of gas retort is with former technology.
Fig. 2 is principle of work and the connecting mode synoptic diagram of resinous shale cleaning apparatus.When production run, resinous shale enters oscillatory type fly-ash separator 203 from hopper 201 by feeding machine 202, falls on the multilayer vibrating bed of establishing in the fly-ash separator 204, and air enters through the bottom 206 of gas blower 205 from fly-ash separator 203, and resinous shale is purged.The smoke discharging pipe 209 at top that is arranged at fly-ash separator 203 is with sack cleaner 210, induced draft fan 211, chimney 212, link to each other successively.The quantity of sack cleaner determines according to what of fume amount, can establish one-level and also can establish multistagely, and be standard with the emission compliance.The gas introducing sack cleaner 210 that induced draft fan 211 will carry micronic dust gathers dust, again through chimney 212 dischargings.Reach discharging standards through dustiness in the gas of bag-type dust.Resinous shale after the dedusting is discharged from the fly-ash separator bottom, and discharge machine 207 is arranged on the bottom of fly-ash separator body 203, and discharge travelling belt 208 is arranged on the bottom of discharge machine 207.By discharge travelling belt 208 resinous shale after the dedusting is sent to gas retort.
Fig. 3 is oscillatory type fly-ash separator structural representation; Resinous shale enters oscillatory type fly-ash separator 203 from hopper 201 by feeding machine 202, falls on the multilayer vibrating bed of establishing in the fly-ash separator 204, and air enters through the bottom 206 of gas blower 205 from fly-ash separator 203, and resinous shale is purged.Resinous shale bounds forward under the effect of vibrating bed, and a part of resinous shale falls from the sieve aperture that sieve plate is offered, and falls down when a part of resinous shale moves to the vibrating bed afterbody on one deck sieve plate.Dedusting gas enters from fly-ash separator lower inlet 206, and dedusting gas can be air, flue gas or other available gas at the scene.Because resinous shale is among the motion, dedusting gas in uphill process can with resinous shale fully, the balanced contact, the micronic dust of resinous shale surface adhesion and taken away by air-flow less than the tiny resinous shale of certain specification vibrates fly-ash separator from discharging together in company with air-flow.The resinous shale that is cleaned is discharged by discharge machine 207 from vibration fly-ash separator bottom, is sent to the gas retort destructive distillation by rotary conveyor 208.Be provided with multilayer vibrating bed 204 in the oscillatory type fly-ash separator, the number of plies n of vibrating bed (n=1-5) determines that according to the micronic dust content in the material micronic dust content is many, and the number of plies is more, and micronic dust content is few, and the number of plies is few, generally establishes 3 layers.Vibrating bed 204 arranges that by " Z " font resinous shale moves from top to bottom along vibrating bed 204 in fly-ash separator, air moves from the bottom up, and the micronic dust in contact mixed flow process in the resinous shale is blown afloat.The dust removal degree of resinous shale can be controlled by the flow of adjusting air.Because the sectional area of fly-ash separator is determined, can regulate and control the movement velocity of gas by the regulation and control gas flow, the movement velocity of gas is more high, and the dust quantity of removal is more big, and the particle diameter of removing micronic dust is also more big.The air that contains micronic dust is discharged from dust remover roof outlet 209, the height of the velocity of discharge determines the maximum weight of dust-laden particle in the gas, gas velocity can be selected between 8m-15m/S, can remove the molecule below the particle diameter 1mm in the resinous shale when gas velocity reaches 15m/S.Therefore, the regulation and control wind speed can be regulated and control the content of molecule resinous shale in the air-flow.Wind speed is more high, and the molecule that contains in the resinous shale is more few, and the greasy filth that the rear portion oil recovery system produces is also more few, and the rate of recovery of shale oil is corresponding improve also.
Technology of the present invention and oscillatory type fly-ash separator are not only applicable to oil shale retort oil refining; also be applicable to simultaneously coal carbonization oil refining, the oscillatory type fly-ash separator can be applicable to all need remove the molecule that is mingled in the solid materials or the removal dedusting requirement when sticking to micronic dust on the solid materials.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is reduced the technology that greasy filth generates in the oil shale retorting oil refining process, it is characterized in that: before resinous shale enters the gas retort destructive distillation, earlier it is carried out dedusting, the method of employing gas flow purging will stick to the micronic dust on resinous shale surface and remove less than the molecule resinous shale of certain specification in advance, not allow it enter oil recovery system; The specification of the molecule resinous shale of removing is determined as required, removing the particle diameter of the molecule in the resinous shale controls with the method for regulation and control gas velocity, gas velocity is selected between 8m～15m/S, can remove the molecule below the particle diameter 1mm in the resinous shale when gas velocity reaches 15m/S.
2. reduce the technology that greasy filth generates in the oil shale distillation process according to claim 1, the way of described employing gas flow purging is characterized in that: resinous shale is among the motion, dedusting gas enters from the bottom, abundant with resinous shale, the balanced contact in uphill process, the micronic dust of resinous shale surface adhesion and taken away by air-flow less than the tiny resinous shale of certain specification is discharged together in company with air-flow.
3. reduce the technology that greasy filth generates in the oil shale distillation process according to claim 1, be applicable to coal carbonization oil refining.
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| CN 201010597843 CN102051190B (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2010-12-21 | Distillation process for reducing generated oil sludge |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010597843 CN102051190B (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2010-12-21 | Distillation process for reducing generated oil sludge |
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| CN102051190A CN102051190A (en) | 2011-05-11 |
| CN102051190B true CN102051190B (en) | 2013-07-03 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030109761A1 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2003-06-12 | Suominen Hannu L. | Method and equipment for pre-treatment of used tyres before a pyrolysis process |
| US20090008292A1 (en) * | 2007-06-04 | 2009-01-08 | Keusenkothen Paul F | Pyrolysis reactor conversion of hydrocarbon feedstocks into higher value hydrocarbons |
| CN201311159Y (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2009-09-16 | 沈阳成大弘晟能源研究院有限公司 | Oil shale vibrating turning-back preheating dryer |
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2010
- 2010-12-21 CN CN 201010597843 patent/CN102051190B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030109761A1 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2003-06-12 | Suominen Hannu L. | Method and equipment for pre-treatment of used tyres before a pyrolysis process |
| US20090008292A1 (en) * | 2007-06-04 | 2009-01-08 | Keusenkothen Paul F | Pyrolysis reactor conversion of hydrocarbon feedstocks into higher value hydrocarbons |
| CN201311159Y (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2009-09-16 | 沈阳成大弘晟能源研究院有限公司 | Oil shale vibrating turning-back preheating dryer |
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