CN102050384A - Direct-drive motor driving system for crane running mechanism - Google Patents
Direct-drive motor driving system for crane running mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN102050384A CN102050384A CN2009102017434A CN200910201743A CN102050384A CN 102050384 A CN102050384 A CN 102050384A CN 2009102017434 A CN2009102017434 A CN 2009102017434A CN 200910201743 A CN200910201743 A CN 200910201743A CN 102050384 A CN102050384 A CN 102050384A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-drive motor driving system for a crane running mechanism, comprising a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a variable frequency power supply and a crane wheel, wherein the poles of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are increased enough to reduce the motor speed to 5-100 r/min; the variable frequency power supply is connected to a junction device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor; and the crane wheel is directly arranged on the output end of a rotor back shaft of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. The direct-drive motor driving system for the crane running mechanism is simple in structure and convenient to maintain and has the advantages of omitting a speed reducer, improving the transmission efficiency, shortening the transmission chain and strengthening the system operation reliability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the hoisting crane technical field, relate to the running mechanism of hoisting crane, relate in particular to the motor drive system of running mechanism.
Background technology
The hoisting crane running mechanism as representative type machinery, electric be the equipment of one, undertaking the vital task that the various article positions that hoist move, be the main core component of all kinds of hoisting cranes, crane, wherein electrical motor is its " heart " part, i.e. propulsion source parts.
At present, the motor drive system that mainly adopts of hoisting crane running mechanism can be divided into following three classes:
1, phase asynchronous alternating-current motor/AC motor dragging system
This is the F/s of the Electric Traction development of hoisting crane running mechanism, and common phase asynchronous alternating-current motor/AC motor satisfies the performance and the requirement of hoisting crane running mechanism by the measures such as deceleration of coupler, drive link, reductor.Because mouse cage asynchronous motor is difficult to satisfy the requirement of starting of hoisting crane running mechanism and speed adjusting performance, therefore many employing wound rotor asynchronous motors drag.Can limit starting current after the wound rotor asynchronous motor rotor loop crosstalk resistance and improve starting torque, and speed governing within the specific limits.Advantages such as this system has simple in structure, and is sturdy and durable, easy to maintenance, cheap, and Installation and Debugging are convenient.Shortcoming is that the start-up period electric energy loss is bigger, and when being used for the multilevel hoisting crane running mechanism of requirement frequent starting or different running velocitys, this problem is more outstanding.Owing to carry out speed governing by excision rotor loop resistance, so the speed adjusting performance of system is bad, speed adjustable range is little and be step speed regulation.
2, generator set-DC motor dragging system
Because the speed adjusting performance of wound rotor asynchronous motor is not ideal enough, so people just begin to adopt this driving style.The mechanical specialities of DC motor is a straight line, and speed adjusting performance is better, and it is more reliable to work.Electrical generator-DC motor dragging system, main lifting electrical motor is the separately excited type DC motor, the dynamo generator that is driven by synchronous motor is to its DC supply, change the voltage at DC motor armature two ends by the excitation size that changes dynamo generator, thereby change the rotating speed of electrical motor, reach the speed governing purpose of hoisting crane walking.The speed closed loop mode of speed control that this system adopts magnetic amplifier and amplidyne two-stage to amplify.To the signal that certain portions is sent here, be added to the given winding of double beat magnetic amplifier, after amplifying, supply with the given winding of amplidyne, the excitation winding of sending and receiving motor after amplifying once more.The feedback winding of magnetic amplifier and amplidyne is received separately mouth respectively by the inverse feedback connection, and magnetic amplifier constitutes the external feedback link, and amplidyne constitutes the voltage negative feedback element, makes magnetic amplifier and amplidyne have comparatively ideal characteristic.By obtaining to test the speed feedback signal with the hard axle of a hoisting crane running mechanism bonded assembly tachogenerator, be added to magnetic amplifier velocity feedback winding and given signal comprehensively compares, constitute the negative velocity feedback link.The characteristics of generator-motor dc trailing system are that overload capacity is strong, and equipment needed thereby is conventional approved product, and the supply of material is easy, and reliable, technical requirements is not high, can not cause injurious effects to the electrical network beyond the system.Shortcoming is that efficient is low, on average has only about 75%; Speed adjustable range is because the remanent magnetism influence can not be excessive; The equipment complexity, huge, floor area is big etc.At present, the less employing of this system.
3, the dc trailing system of thyristor rectifier device power supply
From early 1960s to the seventies, in this nearly 20 years time, be accompanied by the develop rapidly of Power Electronic Technique, the dc trailing system of thyristor rectifier device power supply is developed rapidly and is popularized, and this is the subordinate phase of hoisting crane running mechanism Electric Traction development.Be to obtain the reversible operation characteristic and realize the four-quadrant speed governing, this system has two kinds of electrical control schemes usually: a kind of is the reversible automatic speed regulation scheme of armature, and the polarity of the armature voltage by changing DC motor changes hoisting crane running mechanism service direction; Another kind is the reversible automatic speed regulation scheme in magnetic field, by changing DC motor exciting current direction, changes the service direction of hoisting crane running mechanism.No matter adopt which kind of scheme, speed regulating method is generally based on pressure regulation, adjustable magnetic is auxilliary, the reversible scheme of armature need change the direction of motor armature loop current, because armature backflow inductance is less, time constant little (a few tens of milliseconds approximately), reverse procedure carries out soon, therefore be applicable to Fraquent start, the multi level hoisting system of braking.But this scheme major loop needs the bigger thyristor converter devices of two cover capacity, and one-time investment is bigger, and the machine capacity that hoists is bigger, and this problem is just outstanding more.Only with a cover thyristor converter devices, energized circuit adopts two cover thyristor converter devices for the reversible scheme in magnetic field, major loop.Because exciting power is less, time constant big (several seconds zero point is to the several seconds approximately), therefore, this system reverse process is slower, and after adopting field-forcing, its rapidity can obtain compensation to a certain degree, but switching time is still more than the hundreds of millisecond.Should be understood that, the magnetic field bilateral system is in the electrical motor Umklapp process, when the exciting current change of direction, the armature voltage that should make electrical motor is zero, with prevent electrical motor in handoff procedure owing to lose excitation " driving ", this has not only increased the dead band of reverse procedure, has also increased the complexity of control system.
The motor drive system of above-mentioned three class hoisting crane running mechanisms exists all that some we do not wish the shortcoming and the problem that exist.Such as, the existence of reductor such as the existence of Separate Brake, has not only increased cost, also causes the messenger chain of total system to increase, and causes driving efficiency greatly to reduce, and exists problems difficult in maintenance or the like.The mounting seat that the reductor volume is big, needs are bigger.Because the reductor input end connects the three phase asynchronous motor of a high-speed cruising, its bearing noise is big during operation, and its operation noise is generally about 60-70db.There is mechanical wear inevitably in gear transmission, and along with the increase of time of run, wearing and tearing make between the movable parts gap become big, cause noise aggravation, driving efficiency to descend.In mechanical drive, though the reductor driving system have rev down and increase the advantage of moment of torsion, its decrease in efficiency, loss of energy, operation noise are big etc., and shortcoming can't overcome.Generally speaking, driving efficiency has the electric energy of 20-30% to be wasted with the waste of heat form between 60-88% approximately.For the friction heat that produces in the wearing and tearing that reduce reductor and the transmission slip process, the use of lubricating oil is essential, the periodic replacement lubricating oil has not only increased the daily attention expense, and the oil gas that produces in the operational process and greasy dirt also can cause direct pollution to environment.There is the low shortcoming of power factor in the dc trailing system of thyristor rectifier device power supply.Although adopted sequential control technology, power factor is still lower, need absorb a large amount of reactive volt-amperess by electrical network, and the electrical network quality factor are produced serious influence.The capacity of hoisting crane running mechanism is bigger, and this problem is just outstanding more.On the other hand, the commufafor in DC motor armature loop has limited the further increase of hoisting crane running mechanism capacity, along with the tonnage of hoisting crane running mechanism constantly enlarges, hoisting crane running mechanism single-machine capacity also continues to increase, and the commutation commufafor of electrical motor has just become a weak link.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides and a kind ofly saves reductor, improves driving efficiency, shortens messenger chain, the direct-driving electric motivation dragging system of enhanced system serviceability, hoisting crane running mechanism simple in structure, to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of direct-driving electric motivation dragging system of hoisting crane running mechanism is characterized in that: include
Permasyn morot, its electromotor series is brought up to be enough to motor speed is reduced to 5-100r/min;
Variable-frequency power sources connects the termination of described permasyn morot;
Driving wheel is directly installed on the mouth of rotor supports axle of described permasyn morot.
The present invention improves by the electromotor series with permanent magnet motor, and adopt variable-frequency power sources to power, realized the low cruise of motor, can export bigger torque, the direct drive loaded work piece can be cancelled reductor like this, shortened the messenger chain of whole dragging system, improved the work efficiency of system, and structure is simpler, has strengthened system's serviceability.
In order further to shorten messenger chain, improve system effectiveness, in further improvement of the present invention, also increasing has magnet stopper, and this magnet stopper is directly installed on the rotor of permasyn morot.
In the present invention, described rotor is installed on the rotor supports axle by rotor supports iron, and described rotor supports iron surface is installed every the magnet steel circle, describedly along circumferentially-spaced rotor magnetic pole is installed every magnet steel circle surface, is embedded with permanent magnet between the described rotor magnetic pole.Adopt described structure, can avoid permanent magnet when permasyn morot assembles and the collision of stator core and fragmentation, the present invention protects permanent magnet jointly by rotor magnetic pole with every the magnet steel circle, avoids it to damage when assembling.
Adopt technique scheme, the direct-driving electric motivation dragging system of hoisting crane running mechanism of the present invention to have and save reductor, improve driving efficiency, shorten messenger chain, enhanced system serviceability, advantage simple in structure, easy to maintenance.
Description of drawings
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
Fig. 1 is a system construction drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the rotor structure scheme drawing of the permasyn morot of the present invention's employing.
Among the figure:
100, permasyn morot 1, housing 2, stator winding 3, stator core 5, rotor 5-1, rotor magnetic pole 5-2, every magnet steel circle 5-3, rotor supports iron 5-4, rotor supports axle 6, road wheel 7, hoisting crane running mechanism permanent seat 8, termination 9, magnet stopper 10, variable-frequency power sources
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the direct-driving electric motivation dragging system of hoisting crane running mechanism of the present invention includes permasyn morot 100, driving wheel 6 and variable-frequency power sources 10.
Wherein permasyn morot 1 comprises housing 1, stator winding 2, stator core 3, permanent magnet 4, rotor 5, termination 8, magnet stopper 9.The housing 1 of permasyn morot 100 is fixed on the hoisting crane running mechanism permanent seat 7, and stator core 3 directly is installed on the housing 1 with bolt, and stator winding 2 is distributed in the stator core 3, and rotor 5 is installed in the inside of stator core 3.
As shown in Figure 2, rotor 5 comprises rotor magnetic pole 5-1, every magnet steel circle 5-2, and rotor supports iron 5-3, rotor supports axle 5-4.Wherein, rotor supports iron 5-3 is installed on the rotor supports axle 5-4, is installed in the surface of rotor supports iron 5-3 every magnet steel circle 5-2 by bolt, rotor magnetic pole 5-1 with the bolt fixed interval on the circumferential surface of magnet steel circle 5-2.In conjunction with shown in Figure 1, permanent magnet 4 is filled in the gap between the rotor magnetic pole 5-1.Adopt described structure, can avoid permanent magnet when permasyn morot assembles and the collision of stator core and fragmentation, the present invention protects permanent magnet jointly by rotor magnetic pole with every the magnet steel circle, avoids it to damage when assembling.And this rotor structure is compared with DC machine, has lowered the quality of rotor and the complexity of rotor structure greatly; Rise with metallurgy and to reuse three phase asynchronous motor and compare, saved parts such as current colector, high end cap, for producing and installation has brought a lot of facilities.
Again as shown in Figure 1, driving wheel 6 adopts axle sleeve type driving wheel 6, is directly installed on the mouth of the rotor supports axle 5-4 of permasyn morot 100.In order to realize saving the purpose of reductor,, make the rotating speed of permasyn morot ease down to 5-100r/min by improving the measure of motor poles.In addition, variable-frequency power sources 10 realizes the varying frequency starting of permasyn morot by the termination 8 of power supply lead wire connection permasyn morot 100.Frequency changing start up process is steady, superior performance.Cancelled the starting winding, not only can cost-cutting, can also reduce difficulty of processing, improve energy-saving effect.Such slow speed of revolution can be realized the purpose of direct drive load fully, in actual use, according to actual condition of service rotating speed is fine-tuning to definite value by variable-frequency power sources 10.
In embodiment of the present utility model, improve the motor poles number, the rotating speed of permasyn morot is reduced, can reach the former low velocity that can reach by reducing frequency again by reductor, TYP355L-6022kW specification motor as applicant's specific design, when the 50Hz frequency, cooresponding rotating speed is 100r/min; When by frequency converter frequency control being 20Hz, cooresponding rotating speed is reduced to 40r/min, has just reached the former low speed that can reach by reductor.
The present invention adopts the variable-frequency power sources power supply by increasing the rotor magnetic pole number of poles of permasyn morot, realizes the vulgar operation of electrical motor, export bigger torque, direct drive loaded work piece, cancellation reductor, shorten the messenger chain of whole drive system, improved work efficiency.
More than be exactly the direct-driving electric motivation dragging system of hoisting crane running mechanism of the present invention, this system has following advantage:
1, save parts such as reductor, coupler, dwang, motor rotor output shaft direct mount has really been realized " directly driving " to the axle sleeve type driving wheel of hoisting crane running mechanism.This system messenger chain is short, and is simpler, practical, improved overall system efficiency.
2, adopt magnet stopper to be directly installed on the electrical motor, magnet stopper and electrical motor " are united two into one ", realized the direct braking of system, structure is simpler, practicality, and the occupation of land space is little, has further shortened messenger chain, has improved overall system efficiency.
3, do not have this weak link of commufafor and carbon brush, guaranteed the reliability service of motor and reduced operation to consume.
4, owing to adopt permasyn morot, the power factor height can reach 0.9-1, has greatly saved electric energy.
5, dynamic quality is good, and system can seamlessly transit and stepless time adjustment at four-quadrant.
6, owing to good mechanical property, so starting torque is big.
7, the price of permasyn morot is lower than DC motor;
8, speed-regulating range width.
Therefore, the direct-driving electric motivation dragging system of this hoisting crane running mechanism should be the inevitable development direction of hoisting crane running mechanism.
But, those skilled in the art will recognize that, the above-mentioned specific embodiment is exemplary, be in order better to make those skilled in the art can understand this patent, can not be interpreted as it is the restriction that this patent is comprised scope, so long as according to spirit that this patent discloses done anyly be equal to change or modify, all fall into the scope that this patent comprises.
Claims (4)
1. the direct-driving electric motivation dragging system of a hoisting crane running mechanism is characterized in that: include
Permasyn morot, its electromotor series is brought up to be enough to motor speed is reduced to 5-100r/min;
Variable-frequency power sources connects the termination of described permasyn morot;
Driving wheel is directly installed on the mouth of rotor supports axle of described permasyn morot.
2. the direct-driving electric motivation dragging system of hoisting crane running mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also increasing has magnet stopper, and this magnet stopper is directly installed on the rotor of permasyn morot.
3. the direct-driving electric motivation dragging system of hoisting crane running mechanism according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described rotor is installed on the rotor supports axle by rotor supports iron, described rotor supports iron surface is installed every the magnet steel circle, describedly along circumferentially-spaced rotor magnetic pole is installed, is embedded with permanent magnet between the described rotor magnetic pole every magnet steel circle surface.
4. the direct-driving electric motivation dragging system of hoisting crane running mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described driving wheel is the axle sleeve type driving wheel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009102017434A CN102050384A (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2009-11-02 | Direct-drive motor driving system for crane running mechanism |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009102017434A CN102050384A (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2009-11-02 | Direct-drive motor driving system for crane running mechanism |
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| CN102050384A true CN102050384A (en) | 2011-05-11 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104140047A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-11-12 | 辽宁华禹重工有限公司 | Permanent magnetic crane |
| DE202016101689U1 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2016-06-09 | PROTEA Sp z o.o. | Multifunctional ship crane |
| DE102016105788A1 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2016-10-06 | PROTEA Sp z o.o. | Multifunctional ship crane |
-
2009
- 2009-11-02 CN CN2009102017434A patent/CN102050384A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104140047A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-11-12 | 辽宁华禹重工有限公司 | Permanent magnetic crane |
| CN104140047B (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-03-16 | 辽宁华禹重工有限公司 | Permanent magnetic crane |
| DE202016101689U1 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2016-06-09 | PROTEA Sp z o.o. | Multifunctional ship crane |
| DE102016105788A1 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2016-10-06 | PROTEA Sp z o.o. | Multifunctional ship crane |
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Application publication date: 20110511 |