CN102044710A - Layered silicate-containing colloidal electrolyte for storage batteries and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Layered silicate-containing colloidal electrolyte for storage batteries and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102044710A
CN102044710A CN2010105354343A CN201010535434A CN102044710A CN 102044710 A CN102044710 A CN 102044710A CN 2010105354343 A CN2010105354343 A CN 2010105354343A CN 201010535434 A CN201010535434 A CN 201010535434A CN 102044710 A CN102044710 A CN 102044710A
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electrolyte
weight
accumulator
colliod
dispersion liquid
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CN102044710B (en
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石光
陈红雨
罗穗莲
侯琼
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South China Normal University
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South China Normal University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a layered silicate-containing colloidal electrolyte for storage batteries, which mainly comprises a silicon-containing gel, a thixotropic agent, a complex additive and electrolyte, wherein the thixotropic agent is layered silicate with the width/thickness ratio of 100-2,000. The colloidal electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.0 to 10.0 percent of gelatinizing agent, 0.05 to 0.5 percent of thixotropic agent, 5.0 to 13.0 percent of complex additive and the balance of dilute solution of sulfuric acid. The colloidal electrolyte has good thixotropic liquidity and gel stability and low colloid kinetic viscosity; and the filling efficiency of the colloidal electrolyte and the infiltration of the colloidal electrolyte on the baffle plate and polar plates are greatly improved. The electrolyte can be used for assembling storage batteries with different purposes, such as starting batteries, stationary batteries, traction batteries and the like.

Description

A kind of Colliod electrolyte for accumulator that contains phyllosilicate and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The electrolyte that the present invention relates to use in the storage battery is specifically related to a kind of colloidal electrolyte.
Background technology
Colloid storage battery be with colloid as electrolyte, be a kind of special storage battery.Colloid storage battery mainly adopts valve-control sealed technology, is a kind of of enclosed accumulator.The colloidal electrolyte that is gel state does not flow in storage battery, thereby not leakiness acid.The colloidal electrolyte helps keeping dividing plate antianode grid and keeps enough pressure in the battery, can suppress effectively that anode active material comes off and the growth of lead dendritic crystal and infiltration, extending battery life.Colloidal electrolyte is in battery charge and discharge process, can change by recurring structure owing to the variation of electrolyte acid concentration, in discharge process, reduce owing to the electrolyte acid concentration, micro-crack appears in gel rubber system, the oxygen that generates for positive pole moves and the compound passage that provides to negative pole, obviously will lack the loss of water in the battery cyclic process, the situation that battery lost efficacy because of dry dehydration has obtained tangible improvement.Desirable its life-span of colloid storage battery of structure, what have more reached more than 10 years, was more than the twice in common valve control storage battery life-span usually more than 5 years.But the sulfuric acid electrolyte common owing to the colloidal electrolyte ratio of viscosities of colloid storage battery use is a lot of greatly, and this has brought acid test for filling acid technology of battery; In addition, if the colloid insufficient strength may cause the colloid fragmentation when battery is subjected to sharp pounding or collision, battery performance is greatly descended.Though colloidal electrolyte has certain thixotropy, even under the high-speed stirred condition, its viscosity is still much bigger than bright sulfur acid electrolyte, and it is slow not only to irritate sour speed, and battery is difficult for filling, and in most cases needs the back to mend glue.Full-bodied colloidal electrolyte is difficult to evenly flow into inside battery utmost point group everywhere in the encapsulating process, causes battery capacity inconsistent.Because the flowability of colloidal electrolyte is poor, permeability also decreases, and colloidal electrolyte very likely causes dividing plate or pole plate to occur doing to the poor permeability of dividing plate, pole plate, has a strong impact on battery performance.No matter existing colloidal electrolyte is nano silicon system or Ludox system, and its encapsulating flowability is all very poor, and battery serviceability and life-span are all far below expection.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the encapsulating difficulty that has Colliod electrolyte for accumulator now and cause because of the mobile difference of encapsulating, the problem that encapsulating efficient is low, battery performance is poor, the life-span is short, and Colliod electrolyte for accumulator of the present invention is provided for this reason.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Colliod electrolyte for accumulator that contains phyllosilicate is characterized in that forming by containing silica gel agent, thixotropic agent, compound additive and electrolyte, and described thixotropic agent is a phyllosilicate.
Further, the described silica gel agent that contains is SiO 2, its specific area is 200~500m 2/ g, SiO in the Colliod electrolyte for accumulator 2Content be 2.0~10.0 weight %.
Further, layered silicate is selected from imvite, kaolin, attapulgite, mica, atlapulgite, vermiculite and diatomite.
Further, the particle diameter of layered silicate (size) is 0.1~2 micron.
Further, the lamella width of layered silicate is (100~2000) with the lamellar spacing ratio: 1.
Further, described thixotropic agent accounts for 0.05~0.5 weight % of Colliod electrolyte for accumulator.
Further, described compound additive comprises the polyalcohol of 1~5 weight % that accounts for Colliod electrolyte for accumulator, the cobaltous sulfate of 0~0.5 weight %, the sodium sulphate of 0.5~3 weight % and the phosphoric acid of 3.5~5.5 weight %.
Further, described polyalcohol is one or more the mixture in glucose, pentaerythrite, polyvinyl alcohol 1799 and the tartaric acid.
Further, described electrolyte is that mass concentration is 35~45% dilute sulfuric acid.
A kind of preparation method who contains the Colliod electrolyte for accumulator of phyllosilicate may further comprise the steps:
(1) will contain silica gel agent and be distributed in 35~45% the sulfuric acid solution and make colloidal dispersion,, obtain the dispersion liquid first 50~55 ℃ of following strong agitation 2~8 hours;
(2) the thixotropic agent phyllosilicate is scattered in the above-mentioned dispersion liquid first, and, reduces to room temperature, obtain dispersion liquid second 50~55 ℃ of following dispersed with stirring 6~12 hours;
(3) compound additive is dissolved in the above-mentioned dispersion liquid second, stirred 2~4 hours, make Colliod electrolyte for accumulator with excellent thixotropic fluidity and high-gel strength; In the Colliod electrolyte for accumulator, the content that contains silica gel agent is 2.0~10.0 weight %, and the content of phyllosilicate is 0.05~0.5 weight %; Described compound additive comprises the polyalcohol of 1~5 weight % that accounts for Colliod electrolyte for accumulator, the cobaltous sulfate of 0~0.5 weight %, the sodium sulphate of 0.5~3 weight % and the phosphoric acid of 3.5~5.5 weight %.
Colloidal electrolyte of the present invention has added the silicate particles that has layer structure on a small quantity, and it is of a size of 0.1~2 micron.Layered silicate particle has lamellar structure, in the aqueous solution, and the lamella imbibition, and finally be separated into the thin slice that thickness is about 1nm.Under stirring condition, particularly under the field of flow effect, laminar silicate can be orientated fast and form and be arranged in parallel along external force, can reduce the internal friction resistance that colloid flows, and reduces the colloid kinematic viscosity fast.Particle size is excessive, greater than 2 microns, in the colloidal electrolyte system will owing to weight excessive and may occur the precipitation; And particle scale is too small, and less than 0.1 micron, the alignment capability of lamella weakens, and does not have the effect that reduces colloidal electrolyte viscosity.This lamella state that presents in electrolyte has than bigger serface and contains the silicate particles of great amount of hydroxy group, can also play the effect that strengthens colloid intensity and stability.Therefore, add the laminar silicic acid salt particle of suitable yardstick after, colloidal electrolyte has better thixotropic fluidity and colloidal stability, can directly pour into to be used for storage battery production.Because this colloidal electrolyte thixotropic fluidity is big, viscosity only is 1/5th to 1/10th of common colloidal electrolyte, has improved encapsulating speed greatly, and the back is mended the glue probability and greatly reduced.With the storage battery that colloidal electrolyte of the present invention is made, dividing plate and pole plate can absorb more colloidal electrolyte, and battery capacity enlarges markedly, and prolong useful life.In addition, lamella silicate plate laminar surface has a large amount of electric charges, to being dissolved in the little metal ion in the electrolyte, as Pb 2+, Fe 2+, Fe 3+, Sn 4+Deng having adsorption function, thereby suppress the generation of small crystal and, optimize the interior environment of electrolyte, the cycle life that further prolongs battery the infiltration of dividing plate.Colloidal electrolyte of the present invention can more effective minimizing active material in the battery cyclic process disengaging, the growth and the infiltration of lead dendritic crystal, reduced the possibility of battery micro-short circuit.
Electrolyte of the present invention can be used for assembling the electric power storage battery (starting battery, fixed storage battery, traction battery) of different purposes, and multi-form storage battery (comprising flat plate cell, coiled battery and superbattery).Colloidal electrolyte preparing process of the present invention is simple, has improved the fluency of colloid encapsulating greatly, has improved the wettability of colloid to inside battery dividing plate and pole plate, has improved the chemical property of encapsulating speed and battery.
Embodiment
Provide embodiment below so that the present invention is carried out concrete description; be necessary to be pointed out that at this following examples only are used for the present invention is further specified; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, content still belongs to protection scope of the present invention to some nonessential improvement and the adjustment that the present invention makes to the person skilled in art according to the present invention.
In following each embodiment, the lamellar spacing of phyllosilicate is 1nm basically, and the concentration of dilution heat of sulfuric acid is meant mass concentration.
Embodiment 1
Under constantly stirring, be 500m with the 2.0g specific area 2The gas phase nano SiO of/g 2Progressively join concentration and be in 35% the 92.95g dilution heat of sulfuric acid, be warming up to 50 ℃ of strong agitation 2 hours, obtain the dispersion liquid first; The imvite that 0.05g is of a size of 0.1 micron under constantly stirring joins in the dispersion liquid first, continues powerful the stirring 12 hours down at 50 ℃, reduces to room temperature, obtains dispersion liquid second; Under stirring condition, 1g polyvinyl alcohol 1799,0.5g sodium sulphate, 3.5g phosphoric acid are dissolved in the dispersion liquid second, continue to stir 2 hours, obtain having the colloidal electrolyte of good thixotropic fluidity and gel stability.The contrast colloid viscosity that does not add imvite is 1073mPa.s, and colloid viscosity is 219mPa.s after the adding imvite.
Embodiment 2
Under constantly stirring, be 200mm with the 10g specific area 2The gas phase nano SiO of/g 2Progressively join concentration and be in 40% the 78.37g dilution heat of sulfuric acid, be warming up to 50 ℃ of strong agitation 4 hours, obtain the dispersion liquid first; The imvite that 0.5g is of a size of 2 microns under constantly stirring joins in the dispersion liquid first, continues powerful the stirring 6 hours down at 50 ℃, reduces to room temperature, obtains dispersion liquid second; Under stirring condition, 2.5g tartaric acid, 3.0g sodium sulphate, 0.13g cobaltous sulfate, 5.5g phosphoric acid are dissolved in the dispersion liquid second, continue to stir 2 hours, obtain having the colloidal electrolyte of good thixotropic fluidity and gel stability.The contrast colloid viscosity that does not add imvite is 2465mPa.s, and colloid viscosity is 438mPa.s after the adding imvite.
Embodiment 3
Under constantly stirring, be 300m with the 5.0g specific area 2The gas phase SiO of/g 2Progressively join concentration and be in 45% the 82.6g dilution heat of sulfuric acid, be warming up to 55 ℃ of strong agitation 8 hours, obtain the dispersion liquid first; The kaolin that 0.4g is of a size of 0.5 micron under constantly stirring joins in the dispersion liquid first, continues powerful the stirring 8 hours down at 55 ℃, reduces to room temperature, obtains dispersion liquid second; Under stirring condition, 5.0g glucose, 2.5g sodium sulphate, 4.5g phosphoric acid are dissolved in the dispersion liquid second, continue to stir 3 hours, obtain having the colloidal electrolyte of good thixotropic fluidity and gel stability.Not adding kaolinic contrast colloid viscosity is 1574mPa.s, and colloid viscosity is 392mPa.s behind the adding kaolin.
Embodiment 4
Under constantly stirring, be 450m with the 7.6g specific area 2The SiO of/g 2It is in 37% the 83.95g dilution heat of sulfuric acid, to be warming up to 52 ℃ of strong agitation 6 hours that particle progressively joins concentration, obtains the dispersion liquid first; The attapulgite that 0.2g is of a size of 1.0 microns under constantly stirring joins in the dispersion liquid first, continues powerful the stirring 10 hours down at 52 ℃, reduces to room temperature, obtains dispersion liquid second; Under stirring condition, 2g pentaerythrite, 1.5g sodium sulphate, 0.25g cobaltous sulfate, 4.5g phosphoric acid is dissolved in the dispersion liquid second dissolves, continue to stir 2.5 hours, obtain having the colloidal electrolyte of good thixotropic fluidity and gel stability.The contrast colloid viscosity that does not add attapulgite is 2106mPa.s, and colloid viscosity is 368mPa.s behind the adding attapulgite.
Embodiment 5
Under constantly stirring, be 300m with the 8.6g specific area 2The SiO of/g 2It is in 42% the 81.4g dilution heat of sulfuric acid, to be warming up to 50 ℃ of strong agitation 3 hours that particle progressively joins concentration, obtains the dispersion liquid first; The mica that 0.3g is of a size of 1.5 microns under constantly stirring joins in the dispersion liquid first, continues powerful the stirring 9.5 hours down at 50 ℃, reduces to room temperature, obtains dispersion liquid second; Under stirring condition, 2.5g pentaerythrite, 2.8g sodium sulphate, 0.2g cobaltous sulfate, 4.2g phosphoric acid is dissolved in the dispersion liquid second dissolves, continue to stir 2 hours, obtain having the colloidal electrolyte of good thixotropic fluidity and gel stability.The contrast colloid viscosity that does not add mica is 2018mPa.s, and colloid viscosity is 412mPa.s behind the adding mica.
Embodiment 6
Under constantly stirring, be 220m with the 5.8g specific area 2/ g and 3.1g specific area are 420m 2The SiO of/g 2It is in 41.5% the 81.47g dilution heat of sulfuric acid, to be warming up to 50 ℃ of strong agitation 5 hours that particle progressively joins concentration, obtains the dispersion liquid first; The atlapulgite that 0.08g is of a size of 0.3 micron under constantly stirring joins in the dispersion liquid first, continues powerful the stirring 11 hours down at 50 ℃, reduces to room temperature, obtains dispersion liquid second; Under stirring condition, 1.5g tartaric acid, 2.9g sodium sulphate, 0.45g cobaltous sulfate, 4.7g phosphoric acid is dissolved in the dispersion liquid second dissolves, continue to stir 3.5 hours, obtain having the colloidal electrolyte of good thixotropic fluidity and gel stability.The contrast colloid viscosity that does not add atlapulgite is 1709mPa.s, and colloid viscosity is 299mPa.s behind the adding atlapulgite.
Embodiment 7
Under constantly stirring, be 280m with the 3.1g specific area 2/ g and 2.7g specific area are 360m 2The SiO of/g 2It is in 37.8% the 81.91g dilution heat of sulfuric acid, to be warming up to 50 ℃ of strong agitation 7 hours that particle progressively joins concentration, obtains the dispersion liquid first; Under constantly stirring, 0.19g is of a size of the kaolin that 1 micron imvite and 0.3g be of a size of 2 microns and joins in the dispersion liquid first, continue powerful the stirring 11.5 hours down, reduce to room temperature, obtain dispersion liquid second at 50 ℃; Under stirring condition, 2.5g tartaric acid and 1g polyvinyl alcohol 1799,2.8g sodium sulphate, 0.5g cobaltous sulfate, 5.0g phosphoric acid are dissolved in the dispersion liquid second and dissolve, continue to stir 4 hours, obtain having the colloidal electrolyte of good thixotropic fluidity and gel stability.Do not add imvite and kaolinic contrast colloid viscosity is 1406mPa.s, add that colloid viscosity is 236mPa.s behind imvite and the kaolin.
Embodiment 8
Under constantly stirring, be 250m with the 3.0g specific area 2/ g and 2.9g specific area are 350m 2The SiO of/g 2It is in 39.6% the 82.85g dilution heat of sulfuric acid, to be warming up to 50 ℃ of strong agitation 7 hours that particle progressively joins concentration, obtains the dispersion liquid first; Under constantly stirring, 0.20g is of a size of the diatomite that 0.5 micron vermiculite and 0.05g be of a size of 0.1 micron and joins in the dispersion liquid first, continue powerful the stirring 12 hours down, reduce to room temperature, obtain dispersion liquid second at 50 ℃; Under stirring condition, 1.5g polyvinyl alcohol 1788 and 1g pentaerythrite, 3.5g sodium sulphate, 5.0g phosphoric acid are dissolved in the dispersion liquid second and dissolve, continue to stir 4 hours, obtain having the colloidal electrolyte of good thixotropic fluidity and gel stability.Do not add vermiculite and diatomaceous contrast colloid viscosity is 1472mPa.s, add that colloid viscosity is 316mPa.s behind vermiculite and the diatomite.

Claims (10)

1. a Colliod electrolyte for accumulator that contains phyllosilicate is characterized in that forming by containing silica gel agent, thixotropic agent, compound additive and electrolyte, and described thixotropic agent is a phyllosilicate.
2. Colliod electrolyte for accumulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described silica gel agent that contains is SiO 2, its specific area is 200~500m 2/ g, SiO in the Colliod electrolyte for accumulator 2Content be 2.0~10.0 weight %.
3. Colliod electrolyte for accumulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: layered silicate is selected from imvite, kaolin, attapulgite, mica, atlapulgite, vermiculite and diatomite.
4. Colliod electrolyte for accumulator according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the particle diameter of layered silicate is 0.1~2 micron.
5. Colliod electrolyte for accumulator according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the lamella width of layered silicate is (100~2000) with the lamellar spacing ratio: 1.
6. Colliod electrolyte for accumulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described thixotropic agent accounts for 0.05~0.5 weight % of Colliod electrolyte for accumulator.
7. Colliod electrolyte for accumulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described compound additive comprises the polyalcohol of 1~5 weight % that accounts for Colliod electrolyte for accumulator, the cobaltous sulfate of 0~0.5 weight %, the sodium sulphate of 0.5~3 weight % and the phosphoric acid of 3.5~5.5 weight %.
8. Colliod electrolyte for accumulator according to claim 7 is characterized in that described polyalcohol is one or more the mixture in glucose, pentaerythrite, polyvinyl alcohol 1799 and the tartaric acid.
9. Colliod electrolyte for accumulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described electrolyte is that mass concentration is 35~45% dilute sulfuric acid.
10. preparation method who contains the Colliod electrolyte for accumulator of phyllosilicate is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) will contain silica gel agent and be distributed in 35~45% the sulfuric acid solution and make colloidal dispersion,, obtain the dispersion liquid first 50~55 ℃ of following strong agitation 2~8 hours;
(2) the thixotropic agent phyllosilicate is scattered in the above-mentioned dispersion liquid first, and, reduces to room temperature, obtain dispersion liquid second 50~55 ℃ of following dispersed with stirring 6~12 hours;
(3) compound additive is dissolved in the above-mentioned dispersion liquid second, stirred 2~4 hours, make Colliod electrolyte for accumulator with excellent thixotropic fluidity and high-gel strength; In the Colliod electrolyte for accumulator, the content that contains silica gel agent is 2.0~10.0 weight %, and the content of phyllosilicate is 0.05~0.5 weight %; Described compound additive comprises the polyalcohol of 1~5 weight % that accounts for Colliod electrolyte for accumulator, the cobaltous sulfate of 0~0.5 weight %, the sodium sulphate of 0.5~3 weight % and the phosphoric acid of 3.5~5.5 weight %.
CN2010105354343A 2010-11-05 2010-11-05 Layered silicate-containing colloidal electrolyte for storage batteries and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN102044710B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106348633A (en) * 2016-08-30 2017-01-25 雷春生 Preparing method for cement paste thixotropic agent
CN106549186A (en) * 2016-12-02 2017-03-29 中国科学院广州能源研究所 The preparation method of attapulgite hydridization polymethyl methacrylate lithium battery gel electrolyte
CN108987824A (en) * 2018-07-25 2018-12-11 佛山腾鲤新能源科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the electrolyte of gelled lead acid battery
CN114464902A (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-05-10 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Long-life lead-acid storage battery

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CN1056019A (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-11-06 王莲香 Colloid electrolyte of high electric capacity and method for making
WO2001013454A1 (en) * 1999-08-13 2001-02-22 Yuerong Liu A sodium-free complex silicon salt electrolyte for a storage battery
CN101104743A (en) * 2007-06-28 2008-01-16 谭锦明 High-energy polyelectrolyte used for rechangeable accumulator and rechangeable accumulator of the same
CN101291002A (en) * 2008-05-06 2008-10-22 浙江超威电源有限公司 Colloidal electrolyte of lead acid batteries

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1056019A (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-11-06 王莲香 Colloid electrolyte of high electric capacity and method for making
WO2001013454A1 (en) * 1999-08-13 2001-02-22 Yuerong Liu A sodium-free complex silicon salt electrolyte for a storage battery
CN101104743A (en) * 2007-06-28 2008-01-16 谭锦明 High-energy polyelectrolyte used for rechangeable accumulator and rechangeable accumulator of the same
CN101291002A (en) * 2008-05-06 2008-10-22 浙江超威电源有限公司 Colloidal electrolyte of lead acid batteries

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106348633A (en) * 2016-08-30 2017-01-25 雷春生 Preparing method for cement paste thixotropic agent
CN106348633B (en) * 2016-08-30 2018-12-04 浙江康诚工业产品设计有限公司 A kind of preparation method of cement slurry thixotropic agent
CN106549186A (en) * 2016-12-02 2017-03-29 中国科学院广州能源研究所 The preparation method of attapulgite hydridization polymethyl methacrylate lithium battery gel electrolyte
CN106549186B (en) * 2016-12-02 2019-03-05 中国科学院广州能源研究所 The preparation method of attapulgite hydridization polymethyl methacrylate lithium battery gel electrolyte
CN108987824A (en) * 2018-07-25 2018-12-11 佛山腾鲤新能源科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the electrolyte of gelled lead acid battery
CN114464902A (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-05-10 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Long-life lead-acid storage battery

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