Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of mechanical type variable-speed dynamic transmission system that is used for hybrid vehicle, not only cancelled the synchronizer of electric automobile gear device, the phenomenon of also can avoid random shelves, wrong shelves, playing gear has the smooth and easy reliable advantage of gearshift.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the mechanical type variable-speed dynamic transmission system that is used for hybrid vehicle, comprise clutch, explosive motor, automobile-used motor and speed-changing gear box, speed-changing gear box comprises housing, power input shaft, pto, at least one jack shaft, at least one cylinder or oil hydraulic cylinder; Power input shaft, pto, jack shaft are provided with gear, and cylinder or oil hydraulic cylinder are connected with shift fork by piston, and shift fork is connected with corresponding gear; Automobile-used motor output shaft is made same axle with the gearbox input shaft or is fixedlyed connected.Automobile-used back end cover for motor side is provided with the driving engaging and disengaging gear that is made of axle sleeve, withdrawal fork, driving lever, separating arm, declutch shaft bearing; Separating arm connects with cylinder on being arranged on motor; Gearbox is provided with by the locking ball of push rod, push rod both sides, the gear shift interlock that shift fork constitutes; Shift fork is provided with the locating slot that cooperates with locking ball.
Preferably, gearbox in the above-mentioned mechanical type variable-speed dynamic transmission system adopts the matrix housing, gearbox matrix housing is provided with a plurality of shift feeling inductive switch, in gearbox input shaft, output shaft, jack shaft, can speed probe and encoder be installed according to the control needs, to provide tach signal to control system, the cylinder that gearbox is installed is two, and two gears are housed on the output shaft of gear-box, and two cylinders should be connected with two gear mesh by shift fork respectively.
Preferably, on gear box casing, be processed with a deep hole, thereby the stroke pilot hole of two shifting fork bar positions is run through, what pin during the gear interlock is shifting fork bar, latter two shifting fork bar of interlocking just can only have one can move, and its push rod, steel ball, steel ball are installed in the deep hole between two shifting fork bars.Erection sequence is that shifting fork bar, steel ball, push rod, steel ball, shifting fork bar and five matching relationship is a drive fit.
Preferably, described mechanical type variable-speed dynamic transmission system is provided with cooling water channel and entery and delivery port in the automobile-used electric machine stand, and automobile-used motor tail end is equipped with the magnetic resistance rotary transformer that is made of stator and rotor.
Preferably, described mechanical type variable-speed dynamic transmission system, its automobile-used motor is automobile-used variable-frequency speed-regualting triphase asynchronous motor.
Preferably, described mechanical type variable-speed dynamic transmission system, its automobile-used motor is the variable-frequency speed-regualting triphase permanent-magnet synchronous machine.
The present invention provides a kind of control system of mechanical type variable-speed dynamic transmission system simultaneously; Comprise electric machine controller, entire car controller, gearbox, motor, high voltage power distributing cabinet, electromagnetic valve group, shift feeling inductive switch, photoelectric encoder, Hall transducer.Entire car controller is controlled the action of gear shift interlock simultaneously when carrying out self shifter control, gearbox can not be hung simultaneously into two gears.
The present invention is owing to saved synchronizer in gearbox, thereby the corresponding weight that alleviated, and has reduced cost.The present invention is owing to be provided with the gear shift self-locking device that is made of push rod, the locking ball of push rod both sides, shift fork, cylinder on gearbox, thereby the phenomenon that can overcome existing disorderly shelves, wrong shelves, play gear, makes gear shift smooth and easy, and gear shift is more reliable.The present invention is owing to be provided with shift feeling inductive switch, encoder, sensor, cylinder on gearbox, cylinder should be connected with gear mesh by shift fork respectively, and is provided with corresponding control system, thereby can realize automatic many grades of speed changes.After the invention process, motor is exported by gearbox, has the characteristics of coupling speed change, realizes that starting torque is big, electric current is little, plays the effect of protecting battery preferably.The present invention is owing to be equipped with the magnetic resistance rotary transformer that is made of stator and rotor at automobile-used motor tail end, and magnetic resistance rotary transformer connecting line is connected with controller, thereby can send motor speed signal to controller, and then realizes accurate gear-change operation.The present invention have take in light weight, rotary inertia is little, vibration is little, starting torque is big, electric current is little, gear shift is smooth and easy and characteristics accurately and reliably.The present invention is mainly used in hybrid vehicle.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Extremely shown in Figure 14 as Fig. 1.Automobile-used motor 2 is the automobile frequency control motor, can be the Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic synchronous machine, also can adopt ac three-phase asynchronous motor, as being YCVF the series automobiles asynchronous or permanent-magnet synchronous traction electric machine of variable-frequency speed-regualting triphase.Vehicle has clutch 3, explosive motor 4 simultaneously.Automobile-used back end cover for motor side is provided with the driving engaging and disengaging gear that is made of axle sleeve, withdrawal fork 48, driving lever, separating arm 47, declutch shaft bearing.Separating arm 47 connects with cylinder 45 on being arranged on motor, and drives engaging and disengaging gear by cylinder 45.
Gearbox (1) is many grades of speed-changing gear boxs.Gearbox (1) adopts the matrix housing, does not have end cap by automobile-used motor 2 front cover adjacents, directly is fixed on automobile-used motor 2 front covers by its edge.Saved clutch between automobile-used motor 2 and the gearbox 1.Gearbox 1 is provided with two cylinders 30, promotes shift fork, and gear shift is used.Automobile-used motor 2 output shafts 27 are gearbox 1 input shaft 27.Be provided with in the gearbox by the locking ball 51,52 of push rod 53, push rod both sides, the gear shift interlock that shift fork constitutes; Shift fork is provided with the locating slot that cooperates with locking ball.Be processed with a deep hole on gearbox (1) housing, thereby the stroke pilot hole of two shifting fork bar positions is run through, what pin during the gear interlock is shifting fork bar 32,50, latter two shifting fork bar of interlocking just can only have one can move, and its push rod 53, steel ball 52, steel ball 51 are installed in the deep hole between two shifting fork bars 32,50.Erection sequence is that shifting fork bar 32, steel ball 51, push rod 53, steel ball 52, shifting fork bar 50 and five matching relationship is a drive fit.
Gearbox 1 input shaft 27 is provided with driving tooth 40, gearbox 1 jack shaft 29 is provided with gear 35,36,37, and gear 36,37 cooperates with one group of gear 38,39 on gearbox (1) output shaft 28 realizes many grades of speed changes.Two cylinders 30 by two groups of gear 38,39 corresponding connections on shift fork and gearbox 1 output shaft 28, are realized many grades gear shift by promoting shift fork respectively respectively.
Hall transducer 20 is installed on the output shaft of gear-box; Jack shaft is provided with photoelectric encoder 21, surveys the rotating speed of jack shaft 29 and output shaft 28 simultaneously.
Gearbox 1 matrix housing is provided with five shift feeling inductive switch 11,12,13,14,15, is respectively neutral gear induction switch 11,12; One grade of induction switch 13; Second gear induction switch 14; Third gear induction switch 15.
Encoder 21 is loaded on the jack shaft 29 of gearbox 1, is used to survey gearbox 1 jack shaft 29 and car speed, and signal is passed to frequency-variable controller, carries out closed loop control.On gearbox, be provided with the gear shift self-locking device that locking ball 51,52, shift fork, cylinder by push rod 53, push rod both sides constitute, shift fork is provided with the locating slot that cooperates with locking ball, shift fork is connected with the piston of cylinder, during gear shift, cylinder piston drives shift fork and moves, when gear shift put in place, push rod headed into locking ball in the locating slot on the shift fork, to guarantee gear shift accurately and reliably.The magnetic resistance rotary transformer is made of stator and rotor, is loaded on the tail end of automobile-used motor, and magnetic resistance rotary transformer connecting line is connected with controller, thereby can send motor speed signal to controller, and then realizes accurate gear-change operation.Be provided with cooling water channel and entery and delivery port in the automobile-used electric machine stand, can make its radiating effect better.
When vehicle starting, with the bottom gear starting, torque is big, makes vehicle starting level and smooth, and current of electric is little, impacts little to battery; After the speed of a motor vehicle reaches certain speed, to adjust rotating speed by the motor frequency conversion controller and reach driven shaft back speed change synchronously, it is top gear that cylinder promotes shift fork automatic speed changing, and automobile is quickened.Otherwise when slowing down, increasing power torque, also is to adjust rotating speed by electric machine controller to reach the synchronous speed change of driven shaft, and cylinder promotes shift fork and becomes bottom gear, makes car deceleration.
The control system of mechanical type variable-speed dynamic transmission system; Comprise electric machine controller, entire car controller 8, gearbox 1, motor 2, high voltage power distributing cabinet, electromagnetic valve group, shift feeling inductive switch 11,12,13,14,15, photoelectric encoder 21, Hall transducer 20.
Fig. 3 carries out for gearbox and moves back neutral gear process schematic representation, the piston 31 of cylinder 30 is positioned at neutral gear position, the steel ball 33 at shifting fork bar 32 neutral gear position places is not done displacement movement upwards, the gear electrical signal that gear signal feeds back to entire car controller 8 is that one grade, second gear, third gear no signal are that the driving switch internal circuit is open circuit, and it is that neutral induction switch internal circuit is closed circuit that two neutral gears have electrical signal.Motor does not have moment output, and motor shaft is that gearbox input shaft 27 is given jack shaft 29 transmission of torque by driving tooth, and the tooth cover is positioned at neutral gear position, and output shaft 28 does not change, and this moment can be by the rotating speed of photoelectric encoder 21 monitoring motors.
Fig. 4 carries out the process schematic representation that puts in the first speed for gearbox, when putting in the first speed, the interface air inlet of position 16, the interface of position 17 is given vent to anger, this moment position 13 switch connections, the switch of position 11 disconnects.When making the return trip empty grade, the interface air inlet of position 17, the interface of position 16 is given vent to anger, and this moment, the switch of position 13 disconnected the switch connection of position 11.The piston 31 of cylinder 30 places a gear to put, this moment, the steel ball 33 at shifting fork bar 32 neutral gear position places was done displacement movement upwards, the gear electrical signal that gear signal feeds back to entire car controller 8 is one grade signal, promptly one grade of gear positions induction switch internal circuit is closed circuit, second gear 22, third gear 23 no signals are that gear positions switch internal circuit is open circuit, it is that this location sensitive switch internal circuit is closed circuit that left side neutral 24 has signal, and right neutral 25 no signals are that shift feeling inductive switch internal circuit is open circuit.Tooth cover 34 is positioned at a gear and puts, motor 2 has moment output, motor shaft (27) is given jack shaft 29 transmission of torque by driving tooth, jack shaft passes to gearbox two 28 by the engagement of gear 35 and gear 38, can be the speed of a motor vehicle this moment by Hall transducer 20 monitoring output shaft rotating speeds, by photoelectric encoder 21 monitoring rotating speed of motor.When putting in the first speed, the gear mutual interlocking gear is action simultaneously also, Figure 12 is mutual interlocking gear action schematic representation when putting in the first speed, shifting fork bar 32 is passed into the pressurized gas drive of gearbox and moves, thereby drive steel ball 51, push rod 53, steel ball 52 move to the b groove, and steel ball 52 is headed into the b groove, finish self-locking action, guaranteed that gearbox two shift forks can the while engage a gear.
Fig. 5 is that gearbox is carried out and hangs second gear process schematic representation, when hanging second gear, the interface air inlet of position 18, the interface of position 19 is given vent to anger, this moment position 14 switch connection, the switch of position 12 disconnects.When making the return trip empty grade, give vent to anger and dying of position 19 simultaneously in position 18, this moment position 12 switch connection, the switch of position 14 and position 15 disconnects.Under the second gear state, the piston 31 of cylinder 30 places the second gear position, the steel ball 33 at shifting fork bar 32 neutral gear position places is done displacement movement upwards, the gear electrical signal that gear signal feeds back to entire car controller 8 is that second gear has signal, be that second gear gear positions induction switch internal circuit is closed circuit, one grade, third gear no signal are that gear positions switch internal circuit is open circuit, and it is that this location sensitive switch internal circuit is closed circuit that right neutral has signal, and left neutral no signal is that shift feeling inductive switch internal circuit is open circuit.Tooth cover 34 is positioned at the second gear position, motor 2 has moment output, motor shaft 27 is given jack shaft 29 transmission of torque by driving tooth 40, jack shaft 29 passes to output shaft of gear-box 28 by the engagement of gear 36 and gear 39, can be the speed of a motor vehicle this moment by Hall transducer 20 monitoring output shaft rotating speeds, by photoelectric encoder 21 monitoring rotating speed of motor.When hanging second gear, the gear mutual interlocking gear is action simultaneously also, and Figure 13 is a mutual interlocking gear action schematic representation when hanging second gear.Shifting fork bar 50 is passed into the pressurized gas drive of gearbox and moves, thereby drives steel ball 52, push rod 53, steel ball 51 to the motion of a groove, and steel ball 51 is headed into a groove, finishes self-locking action, has guaranteed that gearbox two shift forks can the while engage a gear.
Fig. 6 carries out for gearbox and hangs third gear process schematic representation; When hanging third gear, the interface air inlet of position 19, the interface of position 18 is given vent to anger, this moment position 15 switch connection, the switch of position 12 disconnects.When making the return trip empty grade, die in the position 18 of giving vent to anger simultaneously, position 19, this moment position 12 switch connection, the switch of position 14 and position 15 disconnects.Under the third gear state, the piston 31 of cylinder 30 places the third gear position, this moment, the steel ball 33 at shifting fork bar 32 neutral gear position places was done displacement movement upwards, the gear electrical signal that gear signal feeds back to entire car controller 8 is that third gear has signal, be that second gear gear positions induction switch internal circuit is closed circuit, one grade, second gear no signal are that gear positions switch internal circuit is open circuit, it is that this location sensitive switch internal circuit is closed circuit that right neutral has signal, and left neutral no signal is that shift feeling inductive switch internal circuit is open circuit.Tooth cover 34 is positioned at the third gear position, motor 2 has moment output, motor shaft 27 is directly given output shaft 28 transmission of torque by driving tooth 40, tooth cover 34, this process is not passed through the transmission of jack shaft 29 again, be the speed of a motor vehicle by Hall transducer 20 monitoring output shaft rotating speeds this moment, also be motor speed simultaneously, by photoelectric encoder 21 monitoring rotating speed of motor.When hanging third gear, the gear mutual interlocking gear is action simultaneously also, Figure 14 is a mutual interlocking gear action schematic representation when hanging third gear, shifting fork bar 50 is passed into the pressurized gas drive of gearbox and moves, thereby drive steel ball 52, push rod 53, steel ball 51 move to a groove, and steel ball 51 is headed into a groove, finish self-locking action, guaranteed that gearbox two shift forks can the while engage a gear.