CN102041452A - Medium chromium ferrite stainless steel and making method thereof - Google Patents
Medium chromium ferrite stainless steel and making method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides medium chromium ferrite stainless steel which comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by weight: 0.02-0.08 percent of C, not more than 1.0 percent of Si, not more than 1.0 percent of Mn, not more than 0.05 percent of P, not more than 0.01 percent of S, 16-20 percent of Cr, 0.05-0.50 percent of V, 0.005-0.05 percent of N, not more than 0.10 percent of Al, not more than 0.5 percent of Ni, not more than 0.010 percent of O, not more than 0.005 percent of Ca, additional not more than 0.30 percent of Ti and/or not more than 0.30 percent of Nb, and the balance of iron or other inevitable impurities. The invention also provides a making method of the medium chromium ferrite stainless steel, comprising the following steps of, firstly, heating a billet or a cast blank with the heating temperature of 1000-1250 DEG C; secondly, carrying out hot rolling; thirdly, annealing and pickling; fourthly, carrying out cold rolling; and fifthly, annealing and pickling. By adopting the composition design and the making method, a steel plate with good strength and plasticity, corrosion resistance and transverse performance is produced, thereby the machining needs of household appliances and products are met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ferritic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of have good strong plasticity and corrosion proof middle chrome ferritic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
In not nickeliferous or only add a spot of nickel in the chrome ferritic stainless steel, thereby have an advantage lower than austenitic stainless steel cost, and fine corrosion resistance such as its anti-chlorine ion corrosion, anti-spot corrosion, thermal expansivity is little, substitute 304 stainless steels more and more, be applied to make durable ornament, household electrical appliances parts and galley equipment etc.But common middle chrome ferritic stainless steel (typical steel grade is 430) not only insufficient formability, and its intensity and hardness are also on the low side.
Listed some patents about ferritic stainless steel in the table 1, wherein Japanese Patent JP 7268563A, JP 6002038 A and JP 1995109026 B2 are low chrome ferritic stainless steel.Japanese Patent JP6033198 A, JP 2562740 B2 and JP 10130786 A all relate to chrome ferritic stainless steel in the low-carbon (LC) (carbon is not more than 0.02%).Japanese Patent JP 2005089850 A relate to chrome ferritic stainless steel in a kind of low-carbon (LC) (carbon is not more than 0.03%), mainly with titanium, niobium as stabilizing element.Except adding titanium or vanadium, alloying elements such as cobalt, thallium, aluminium and zirconium have also been added among patent JP 2756190 B2.In addition, CN00800983.X is the ferritic stainless steel that singly adds vanadium and control vanadium nitrogen solubility product, adds vanadium and boron among JP 10176223 A.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of composition and technology controlling and process scope of middle chrome ferritic stainless steel, produces the middle chrome ferritic stainless steel with good strong plasticity, solidity to corrosion and lateral performance.
The mass percent of the chemical ingredients of chrome ferritic stainless steel is in of the present invention: C:0.02～0.08, and Si :≤1.0, Mn :≤1.0, P :≤0.05, S :≤0.01, Cr:16～20, V:0.05～0.50, N:0.005～0.05, Al :≤0.10, Ni :≤0.5, O :≤0.010, Ca :≤0.005, in addition can add Ti :≤0.30 and/or Nb :≤0.30, surplus is iron and other unavoidable impurities.
Below be the effect of each chemical ingredients and specify:
Carbon: carbon easily with the carbide such as the Cr of chromium reaction formation chromium
23C
6And Cr
7C
3Deng, and carbon content is high more, and the possibility of the carbide of carbon and chromium formation chromium is also big more, and the formation meeting of the carbide of chromium forms poor chromium district in steel, the solidity to corrosion of steel is descended greatly.Avoiding forming these compounds, is the carbon that reduces in the steel on the one hand, adds strong carbide forming elements such as niobium, vanadium and titanium on the other hand, and the adding of niobium, vanadium and titanium makes carbon preferentially form compound, avoids or reduce the compound of formation chromium.Usually, along with the raising of carbon content, the intensity of steel rises, and formability descends.Therefore, among the present invention carbon is controlled at 0.02～0.08%.
Silicon: silicon is to join in the steel mainly as reductor, and silicon also is a kind of alloying element simultaneously, plays the solution strengthening effect, and aspect the raising high temperature oxidation resistance tangible effect is being arranged.But ductility can variation when silicone content was high in the steel, therefore considered from the workability that improves ferritic stainless steel, and its content is controlled within 1% the scope of being not more than.
Manganese: manganese be deoxidant element be again the solution strengthening element.The raising of manganese content can significantly improve the intensity of steel, but also can reduce the plasticity of steel, so its content is controlled in 1% the scope of being not more than.
Phosphorus: phosphorus is harmful element, therefore reduces as best one can according to the production control level.
Sulphur: sulphur also is a kind of harmful element.Sulfide not only can produce hot-short in steel, and can reduce the solidity to corrosion of steel.Easy and the manganese reaction generation manganese sulfide of Sulfur capacity, it is the extraordinary inclusion of a kind of plasticity, through being the strip existence after the processing, can seriously influence the lateral performance of steel plate.Usually the content of sulphur is controlled at and is lower than 0.01%, to avoid the harmful effect of sulphur.
Chromium: chromium has determined stainless solidity to corrosion to a great extent, and the chromium content of patent of the present invention is controlled in 16～20% scopes.During the chromium too high levels, can obviously raise the cost on the one hand, manufacturability can variation on the other hand.
Nitrogen: nitrogen is the same with carbon also to be a kind of interstitial atom, and nitrogen also is a kind of useful element, has effects such as solution strengthening.For example form the nitride of niobium, vanadium and titanium or the complex chemical compound of carbon nitrogen when niobium, vanadium and titanium easily when adding strong nitride forming element in the steel.If the nitrogen in steel too high levels, then nitrogen and titanium etc. generate the temperature raising of compound, and the particle of formation can be very thick, can damage the ductility of steel like this.Therefore, the add-on with nitrogen is controlled at 0.005～0.05%.
Vanadium: vanadium also is the forming element of strong carbon, nitrogen compound, and the temperature that vanadium and nitrogen generate vanadium nitride is lower than titanium nitride, about about 1000 ℃, thereby is subjected to the influence of hot rolling technology bigger.Conversely speaking, based on the characteristics of separating out of vanadium nitride, can realize that by the control hot rolling technology vanadium nitride separates out with the small and dispersed state, thereby reach the dispersion-strengthened purpose of vanadium nitride.
Aluminium: aluminium is a kind of strong deoxidant element, can reduce oxygen level in the steel effectively with aluminium deoxidation, and the low oxide inclusion that can reduce in the steel of oxygen content in steel improves the recovery rate of alloying element.The aluminium of the highest adding 0.1% can satisfy the requirement of deoxidation fully in the steel, and nozzle clogging takes place in the molten steel casting process too much aluminium easily.
Calcium:, be the lateral performance of strip meeting grievous injury steel plate after the manganese sulfide process that plasticity is fabulous is processed because sulphur forms manganese sulfide inclusion in steel.Handle the shape that can change sulfide through calcium, make sulfide be tiny particulate state or Spherical Inhomogeneity and exist.In Al deoxidization steel, calcium can also change Al
2O
3Structure.Calcium is handled and must be guaranteed that Xiang Gangzhong adds the calcium of q.s, and the calcium add-on is not enough, forms dystectic inclusion, causes nozzle clogging during casting easily; When calcium contents is too high, also form dystectic CaS easily, influence casting properties.
Niobium: niobium is the forming element of strong carbon, nitrogen compound, niobium also can solid solution in matrix, play the solution strengthening effect.Add an amount of niobium in the steel and help improving the formability of steel, particularly improve the anisotropy of steel, and can avoid bringing trouble in the production, for example stop up the mouth of a river during continuous casting, worsen surface quality etc. because of adding too much titanium.The precipitated phase of niobium and the niobium of solid solution all can improve the intensity of steel, but add the recrystallization temperature that more niobium can improve steel significantly.Therefore, the add-on of niobium is no more than 0.30%.
Titanium: titanium also is the forming element of a kind of strong carbon, nitrogen compound, and titanium can fixed carbon, nitrogen-atoms helps improving formability and solidity to corrosion, titanium separate out the intensity that the precipitated phase of small and dispersed particularly helps improving steel plate.But the titanium of too high amount not only can improve production cost, and owing to generate formability and the surface quality that the titanium nitride of big particle can damage steel plate, and the production difficulty that titaniferous surpasses 0.30% steel is bigger.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of manufacture method of middle chrome ferritic stainless steel, specifically be, steel billet or continuously cast bloom are at 1000～1250 ℃ of temperature range internal heating, and hot-rolled sheet is without annealing or through the annealing in 750～1050 ℃ of temperature ranges.Hot-rolled sheet or hot-roll annealing plate are directly using after overpickling.Also can further carry out cold rollingly through the steel plate of overpickling, can carry out process annealing in the cold-rolled process or not carry out process annealing, process annealing and final finished annealing temperature are between 750～1100 ℃.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Adopt composition design and processes control method of the present invention, produce steel plate, can satisfy the demand of household electrical appliances and goods with good strong plasticity, solidity to corrosion and lateral performance.
Embodiment
Preferably, the mass percent according to the chemical ingredients of chrome ferritic stainless steel in of the present invention is:
C：0.02～0.08；Si：≤1.0；Mn：≤1.0；P：≤0.05；S：≤0.01；
Cr：16～20；V：0.05～0.50；N：0.005～0.05；Al：≤0.10；
Ni：≤0.5；O：≤0.010；Ca：≤0.005；Ti：≤0.30；Nb：≤0.30；
Surplus is iron and other unavoidable impurities.
Preferably, the manufacture method according to chrome ferritic stainless steel in of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
Steel billet or continuously cast bloom heating, Heating temperature is between 1000～1250 ℃;
Hot rolling;
Hot-roll annealing, annealing temperature is between 750～1050 ℃;
Pickling;
Cold rolling, cold rolling draft is not less than 45%;
Cold rolled annealed, annealing temperature is between 750～1100 ℃;
Pickling.
As required, can repeat cold rolling, annealing and pickling one or many after cold rolled annealed.
Referring to table 2, it shows the chemical composition according to the different embodiment of chrome ferritic stainless steel in of the present invention.
Referring to table 3, its show of the present invention in the manufacture method and the performance of chrome ferritic stainless steel, each embodiment is corresponding one by one with embodiment in the table 2.
Describe different embodiments of the invention in detail below in conjunction with table 2 and table 3:
Embodiment 1
Added Ti:0.12 in the chemical ingredients.
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1250 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 900 ℃, and coiling temperature is 750 ℃; Hot-roll annealing: 900 ℃ * 6min.
Embodiment 1-1
Chemical ingredients is with embodiment 1.
Method is with embodiment 1, and also comprise step in addition: cold rolling: two rolling processes, cold rolling draft are 45%+60%; Process annealing: 950 ℃ * 6min; Final annealing: 950 ℃ * 6min.
Embodiment 1-2
Chemical ingredients is with embodiment 1.
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1000 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 800 ℃, and coiling temperature is 750 ℃; Hot-roll annealing: 900 ℃ * 6min; Cold rolling: two rolling processes, cold rolling draft are 45%+60%; Process annealing: 950 ℃ * 6min; Final annealing: 750 ℃ * 10min.
Embodiment 2
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1250 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 900 ℃, and coiling temperature is 750 ℃; Hot-roll annealing: 750 ℃ * 20h.
Embodiment 3
Added Nb:0.12 in the chemical ingredients.
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1200 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 900 ℃, and coiling temperature is 720 ℃; Hot-roll annealing: 900 ℃ * 6min.
Embodiment 3-1
Chemical ingredients is with embodiment 3.
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1200 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 900 ℃, and coiling temperature is 720 ℃; Hot-roll annealing: 900 ℃ * 6min; Cold rolling: cold rolling draft is 75%; Annealing: 900 ℃ * 6min.
Embodiment 4
Added Ti:0.03 in the chemical ingredients.
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1250 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 950 ℃, and coiling temperature is 800 ℃; Hot-roll annealing: 800 ℃ * 20h.
Embodiment 5
Added Ti:0.30 in the chemical ingredients; Nb:0.05.
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1200 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 850 ℃, and coiling temperature is 750 ℃; Hot-roll annealing: 900 ℃ * 6min.
Embodiment 6
Added Ti:0.02 in the chemical ingredients; Nb:0.30.
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1200 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 850 ℃, and coiling temperature is 750 ℃; Hot-roll annealing: 1050 ℃ * 5min.
Embodiment 6-1
Chemical ingredients is with embodiment 6.
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1200 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 850 ℃, and coiling temperature is 750 ℃; Cold rolling: cold rolling draft is 78%; Annealing: 1050 ℃ * 5min.
Embodiment 6-2
Chemical ingredients is with embodiment 6.
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1200 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 850 ℃, and coiling temperature is 750 ℃; Cold rolling: cold rolling draft is 78%; Annealing: 850 ℃ * 10min.
Embodiment 7
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1250 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 1000 ℃, and coiling temperature is 850 ℃; Hot-roll annealing: 900 ℃ * 6min.
Embodiment 8
Added Ti:0.10 in the chemical ingredients.
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1150 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 850 ℃, and coiling temperature is 700 ℃; Hot-roll annealing: 950 ℃ * 6min.
Embodiment 9
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1250 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 1000 ℃, and coiling temperature is 850 ℃; Hot-roll annealing: 850 ℃ * 20h.
Embodiment 9-1
Chemical ingredients is with embodiment 9.
Method is with embodiment 9, and other comprises step: cold rolling: cold rolling draft is 70%; Annealing: 900 ℃ * 6min.
Embodiment 10
Added Nb:0.30 in the chemical ingredients.
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1250 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 950 ℃, and coiling temperature is 800 ℃; Hot-roll annealing: 1000 ℃ * 6min.
Embodiment 10-1
Chemical ingredients is with embodiment 10.
Method is as follows: steel billet or continuous blank heating temperature are 1150 ℃; Hot rolling, finishing temperature are 900 ℃, and coiling temperature is 800 ℃; Cold rolling: cold rolling draft is 65%; Annealing: 1100 ℃ * 4min.
The influence of main technologic parameters
Heating: steel billet or continuously cast bloom are at 1000～1250 ℃ of temperature range internal heating and be incubated time enough, make full and uniformization of microstructure in the steel, guarantee that steel billet or continuously cast bloom have enough ductility when hot rolling.Adopt higher Heating temperature, when heating oarse-grained inclusion such as titanium nitride inclusion etc. have and be partly dissolved, and in thereafter hot rolling and process of cooling, separate out the comparatively precipitated phase of small and dispersed, help improving precipitating reinforcing effect, improve plasticity.
Hot-roll annealing: in 750～1050 ℃ temperature range, anneal, make organizing after the hot rolling finish recrystallize basically, eliminate work hardening.
Cold rolling and cold rolled annealed: cold rolling total draft is not less than 45%.When adopting cold rolling process annealing, the cold rolling total draft before and after the annealing all is not less than 45%, to guarantee storing the enough distortional strain energies and the homogeneity of distortion in the annealing front spring.When draft is low, may be because of being out of shape the inhomogeneous mixed crystal that after annealing, produces.The process annealing of cold-reduced sheet and final annealing temperature are between 750～1100 ℃.After final annealing was finished, ferrite was finished recrystallize and grain growth in the steel.
Finally, get horizontal sample on the finished product steel plate, sample is pressed JIS 5# processing, and promptly gauge length is 50mm.
By table 3 as seen, the intensity of embodiment finished product model is all greater than 350MPa, and unit elongation has higher intensity, good plasticity all greater than 25%, can satisfy the deep-draw processing request of household electrical appliances and goods etc., and have that production cost is low, technology is easy to characteristics such as control.
Claims (8)
1. chrome ferritic stainless steel in a kind, the mass percent of its chemical ingredients is:
C：0.02～0.08；Si：≤1.0；Mn：≤1.0；P：≤0.05；S：≤0.01；
Cr：16～20；V：0.05～0.50；N：0.005～0.05；Al：≤0.10；
Ni：≤0.5；O：≤0.010；Ca：≤0.005；
Surplus is iron and other unavoidable impurities.
2. chrome ferritic stainless steel in according to claim 1 is characterized in that this stainless steel also comprises Ti :≤0.30.
3. chrome ferritic stainless steel in according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that this stainless steel also comprises Nb :≤0.30.
One kind make among the claim 1-3 each described in the method for chrome ferritic stainless steel, it comprises step:
A. steel billet or continuously cast bloom heating, Heating temperature is between 1000～1250 ℃;
B. hot rolling;
C. pickling.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, also comprises step before step c: hot-roll annealing, annealing temperature is between 750～1050 ℃.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described methods, it is characterized in that, after step c, also comprise step:
D. cold rolling;
E. annealing, annealing temperature is between 750～1100 ℃;
F. pickling.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, can repeat one or many steps d and e before carrying out step f.
8. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described cold rolling draft is not less than 45%.
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| CN102534399A (en) * | 2012-01-29 | 2012-07-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Economical low-chromium ferrite stainless steel and manufacture methods thereof |
| CN102534425A (en) * | 2012-01-29 | 2012-07-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Low-cost high-strength ferritic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN102534399A (en) * | 2012-01-29 | 2012-07-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Economical low-chromium ferrite stainless steel and manufacture methods thereof |
| CN102534425A (en) * | 2012-01-29 | 2012-07-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Low-cost high-strength ferritic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102994905A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-03-27 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of micro/nano-structure ultrahigh-strength plastic stainless steel containing Nb |
| CN102994905B (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-07-23 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of micro/nano-structure ultrahigh-strength plastic stainless steel containing Nb |
| CN105917016A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2016-08-31 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Ferritic stainless steel and method for producing same |
| CN104195451A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-10 | 朱忠良 | Medium-chromium ferritic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN107109598A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2017-08-29 | Posco公司 | The excellent ferrite-group stainless steel material of ductility and its manufacture method |
| CN110121573A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2019-08-13 | 日本制铁株式会社 | The manufacturing method of steel plate |
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| CN110121573B (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2022-10-14 | 日本制铁株式会社 | Method for manufacturing steel sheet |
| CN107937796A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-20 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of method for improving super ferrite stainless steel hot-rolling plate toughness |
| CN107937796B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2020-07-07 | 太原理工大学 | Method for improving toughness of super ferrite stainless steel hot rolled plate |
| TWI718712B (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2021-02-11 | 日商杰富意鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Fertilizer iron series stainless steel hot-rolled annealing steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20110504 |