CN102034344A - On-line detection and diagnosis device and method for voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel - Google Patents
On-line detection and diagnosis device and method for voltage signal of photoelectric isolating type excess channel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an on-line detection and diagnosis device and method for a voltage signal of a photoelectric isolating type excess channel. The device mainly comprises an external signal input port, a signal conditioning circuit, an excel channel switching hierarchical control circuit, a first signal isolating circuit, a 8255 I/O expansion board, a second signal isolating circuit, a self-checking signal generating circuit, an A/D signal acquisition channel, a computer and an electronic disk. The device can be used for expanding the detection channel according to the actual test requirement and has strong antijamming capability because the computer input and output are subjected to photoelectric isolation. The on-line detection and diagnosis method can be used for automatically carrying out synchronous dynamic test according to the defined detection point code in accordance with the working process of a detected large complex system, and can be used for detecting and diagnosing a voltage state signal of the detected device on line in real time according to the set detection time and the test result.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the electronic engineering field of measuring technique, relate to a kind of measurement mechanism and method, the particularly a kind of online detection diagnostic device of photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal and the method that are used for large-scale complicated systems such as space flight and aviation, a survey control field based on PC104 bus tape channel self-checking function based on the PC104 bus.
Background technology
At present, in the voltage status amount detection technique of Circuits System, common data acquisition circuit mainly contains autonomous channel data acquisition circuit, hyperchannel time-sharing multiplex data acquisition circuit and multimode multi-channel data acquisition circuit.Wherein, the autonomous channel data acquisition circuit is applicable to single channel data acquisition and the demanding application of synchronous data collection, and its shortcoming is that system reliability is poor, and used data acquisition components and parts are many, the cost height; The used data acquisition components and parts of the circuit structure of hyperchannel time-sharing multiplex data acquisition are few, cost reduces, but the most weak link of its system reliability is multidiameter option switch, photoelectric isolated chip and A/D data acquisition chip, in case one in these links breaks down, poor reliability had just been lost efficacy in the whole detections that then are attached thereto; Though the reliability of multimode multi-channel data acquisition circuit increases, the question marks of its shortcoming and hyperchannel time-sharing multiplex data acquisition circuit seemingly.
Generally, though, generally all adopt hyperchannel time-sharing multiplex data acquisition circuit, promptly share a data acquisition equipment by hyperchannel timesharing grouping input to the many not high occasions of signals collecting concurrency of signals collecting way in practice.On the Chinese patent board web, with " hyperchannel " and " detection " speech that is the theme, searched relevant patent, disclosed system and the circuit that is used for multi-channel data acquisition has at present: Chinese invention patent " multi-channel data acquisition method and device " (application number: 200410013201.1, notification number: CN 1584815A), Chinese invention patent " multi channel signals testing circuit and method " (application number: 200410015437.9, notification number: CN 1658250A), Chinese invention patent " multi-channel A/D conversion device and method " (application number: 200610109266.5, notification number: CN 101119115A), Chinese invention patent " a kind of measuring method and circuit thereof of hyperchannel photoelectricity isolation voltage " (application number: 200710075161.7, CN 101076053A) and Chinese invention patent " multichannel data acquisition system and method thereof " (application number: 200710075161.7 notification number:, CN 101076053A) etc. notification number: all be to adopt hyperchannel time-sharing multiplex data acquisition circuit, but in the relevant patent of finding, all there is the problem of the following aspects in these patents: the sense channel maximum is no more than 100, only can realize function to outside input, can not carry out the signal sampling channel self check, there is the problem of poor reliability in its sense channel self work.In addition, these patents are not considered any expanded function of input passage yet, do not consider the inline diagnosis problem after the input yet.
Because carry out work according to certain workflow and work schedule in the large-scale complicated system courses of work such as space flight and aviation, a survey control field, the concurrency of its signals collecting is less demanding, but the way of its signals collecting is many.In these systems, the number of channels in the signal acquiring system how, how how reliability intelligently will greatly influence space flight and aviation, survey the engineering detecting diagnosis effect of sending out large-scale complicated systems such as control field with detecting.In the data test process,,,, sense channel self work tends to cause mistake survey and mistaken diagnosis if going wrong if the sense channel lazy weight then can cause failing to pinpoint a disease in diagnosis of system under test (SUT) because the test point position of system under test (SUT) is many; When test data occurs when unusual, if only depending on the tester to carry out interpretation seems often and lacks experience, therefore and have little time in time, must realize that the intelligent online of system under test (SUT) detects diagnosis, and will guarantee that quantitatively sufficient and self work of sense channel goes up reliable.And because the at present existing limitation of patented technology on structure and function, when in large-scale complicated systems such as space flight and aviation, a survey control field, using, the sense channel deficiency that often seems, poor reliability, intelligent poor, can not inline diagnosis.Therefore need provide a kind of online detection diagnostic device of photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal and method at large-scale complicated systems such as space flight and aviation, survey control fields.
In addition, on the Chinese patent board web, with " excess passage ", " passage self check " and " detecting diagnosis " speech that is the theme, searched relevant patent, do not find invention case about the online detection diagnosis of the photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal of tape channel self-checking function; Equally, with " excess passage ", " passage self check " and " detecting diagnosis " speech that is the theme, do not find the document of relevant case at home and abroad in the authoritative bibliographic data base yet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of online detection diagnostic device of photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal and method thereof are provided, the comprehensive technology such as becoming parameter, hyperchannel, micro-loading, non-intervention (non-excitation), omnidistance isolation test, power-on self-test that adopt of this device, thoroughly solved detect diagnostic device disturbs equipment under test because of whole process inserts, because of needing the equipment under test cooperation to finish the technical barrier of diagnosis by real-time online a little less than the detectability; Realized that multiple spot position, hyperchannel, multiclass become real-time detection and data automatic collecting, record, demonstration, analysis and the diagnosis of parameter signals, can significantly improve equipment failure and detect and accuracy and the efficient diagnosed.
The objective of the invention is to solve by the following technical programs:
The online detection diagnostic device of this photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal comprises that external signal input interface, signal conditioning circuit, excess passage switch step control circuit, first signal isolation circuit, A/D signal sampling channel, 8255I/O expansion board, secondary signal buffer circuit, self-test signal generation circuit, bus, computing machine and electric board.Described external signal is connected to the input end of signal conditioning circuit through input interface, the output terminal of signal conditioning circuit switches the step control circuit with the excess passage and links to each other, input to first signal isolation circuit behind the signal process excess passage switching step control circuit by described signal conditioning circuit output, send into computing machine by the A/D sampling channel by bus through the signal after isolating; Described computing machine connects the 8255I/O expansion board by bus, described 8255I/O expansion board is connected to the input end that described excess passage switches the step control circuit by the secondary signal buffer circuit, the input end of described self-test signal generation circuit is directly controlled by the I/O mouth of 8255I/O expansion board, the output terminal of described self-test signal generation circuit is connected to described excess passage and switches the step control circuit, described computing machine is realized self-checking by the control signal control self-test signal generation circuit of 8255I/O expansion board to produce self-test signal, and control excess passage switches the dynamic switching of step control circuit to realize the switching of signal sampling channel.
Above-mentioned excess passage switches the step control circuit to be made up of N group passage classification control switching circuit, N 〉=1 wherein, and N gets positive integer; Described passage classification control switching circuit carries out step control by the two-stage multiway analog switch, wherein first order multi-channel analog selector switch is made up of the first to the 16 analog switch, and the second level multi-channel analog selector switch in the described passage classification control switching circuit is made up of the 17 analog switch; The output terminal of the first to the 16 analog switch of described first order multi-channel analog selector switch is connected to ten six road input ends of described the 17 analog switch respectively; The output terminal of described the 17 analog switch is connected on first signal isolation circuit.
Above-mentioned the first to the 16 analog switch and the 17 analog switch are 16 to select an analog switch.
Above-mentioned secondary signal buffer circuit is made up of N group control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit, N 〉=1 wherein, and N gets positive integer.
Above-mentioned control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit is made up of data buffer circuit, 4-16 road decoding scheme, anti-phase driving circuit and digital light electric isolating circuit; Described data buffer circuit and 4-16 road decoding scheme are connected respectively on the anti-phase driving circuit, and described anti-phase driving circuit is connected with described digital light electric isolating circuit.
The above-mentioned computing machine of the present invention is the PC104 embedded computer, and above-mentioned bus is the PC104 bus.
The present invention also proposes a kind of online detection diagnostic method based on said apparatus, specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) external signal input interface is introduced into modulate circuit with the detected signal of Devices to test, and described signal conditioning circuit is through switching the step control circuit to after the amplitude limit of detected signal, the Filtering Processing signal being inputed to the excess passage;
2) described excess passage switches step control circuit employing two-stage multiway analog switch step control circuit and carries out step control, described two-stage multiway analog switch step control circuit is the N group altogether, every group of passage classification control switching circuit realized the dynamic synchronization isolation test to 256 paths signals, make sense channel be extended to 256 * N road, to realize the signals collecting of excess passage, N 〉=1 wherein, N gets positive integer;
3) output signal of described excess passage switching step control circuit inputs to first signal isolation circuit, voltage follower, simulation optical coupling isolation circuit by first signal isolation circuit are handled to realize Signal Spacing, send into the A/D sampling channel through the signal after isolating, send into Computer Processing to realize the collection of signal through bus then;
4) the control signal control self-test signal generation circuit of computing machine by the 8255I/O expansion board to be to produce the self check pumping signal, and whether be used for the test signal acquisition channel reliable; When carrying out self check, the self check pumping signal is switched the selection of step control circuit path by the excess passage and is inserted, and the signal input channel of external testing simultaneously is disconnected; Control self-test signal generation circuit and excess passage switch all control signals of step control circuit all from the 8255I/O expansion board, wherein control the excess passage and switch the digital photoelectricity isolation of the control signal of step control circuit through the secondary signal buffer circuit.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Online detection diagnostic device of the present invention can be expanded sense channel according to actual testing requirement, and the voltage signal measuring point is dynamically being inserted in the excess passage process, irrelevant measuring point and detection diagnostic device are not electrically connected, and the problem that multiplexer channel inserts simultaneously can not appear, and the photoelectricity isolation has all been carried out in all input and output of computing machine, and system's antijamming capability is strong.The online detection diagnostic method that is provided can be tested according to the workflow synchronous dynamic of tested large-scale complicated system automatically according to the measuring point coding of definition, and in test process, can carry out the voltage state signal that real-time online detects the diagnosis equipment under test, and can show in real time and store test results according to detection time of setting and test result.Circuit of the present invention has the passage self-checking function, has guaranteed the reliability of its sense channel self work.The online detection diagnosis requirement of the excess channel voltage signal of large-scale and complicated devices such as the present invention can satisfy aircraft, satellite, naval vessel, space flight and aviation, engineering machinery, railway well, the intelligent building field or system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is online detection diagnostic device composition frame chart;
Fig. 2 switches the step control schematic block circuit diagram for passage;
Fig. 3 is control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is a 8255I/O expansion board schematic block circuit diagram;
Fig. 5 is online detection diagnostic device system program composition frame chart;
Fig. 6 is online detection diagnostic flow chart;
Fig. 7 is the fault knowledge storehouse composition frame chart based on XML;
Fig. 8 is the on-line fault diagnosis hierarchical chart based on XML fault knowledge storehouse;
Fig. 9 is a passage self-checking circuit theory diagram;
Figure 10 is a passage self check process flow diagram;
Figure 11 is the embodiment workflow diagram.
Wherein, 1 is external signal input interface; 2 is signal conditioning circuit; 3 is self-test signal generation circuit; 4 is passage classification control switching circuit; 5 is first signal isolation circuit; 6 is the secondary signal buffer circuit; 7 is the 8255I/O expansion board; 8 is computing machine; 9 is display; 10 is keyboard; 11 is mouse; 12 is electric board; 13 is the A/D signal sampling channel; 14 is first analog switch; 15 is second analog switch; 16 is the 16 analog switch; 17 is the 17 analog switch; 18 is voltage follower; 19 is simulated light lotus root isolator; 20 are 8255I/O expansion mouth; 21 are 8255I/O expansion mouth; 22 is data buffer circuit; 23 is 4-16 road decoding scheme; 24 is anti-phase driving circuit; 25 is the digital light electric isolating circuit; 26 is the 8255#1 extended chip; 27 is GAL address assignment circuit; 28 is the 8255#2 extended chip; 29 is address comparison circuit; 30 is the duplex channel data buffer circuit; 31 is state detection module; 32 is data management module; 33 is data acquisition module; 34 is data memory module; 35 is the analysis and judgement module; 36 is data analysis module; 37 consult module for data; 38 is the normal data library module; 39 is display module as a result; 40 is the knowledge search module; 41 is the fault knowledge library module based on XML; 42 is fault diagnosis module; 59 are XML statement part; 60 is XML element part; 61 is the fault display layer; 62 is the XML analytic sheaf; 63 is the fault database document level based on XML; 64 is fault code name layer; 91 is first order multi-channel analog selector switch; 92 are control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit; 100 are excess passage switching step control circuit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done and to describe in further detail:
Referring to Fig. 1, the online detection diagnostic device of photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal of the present invention comprises that external signal input interface 1, signal conditioning circuit 2, excess passage switch step control circuit 100, first signal isolation circuit 5, A/D signal sampling channel 13,8255I/O expansion board 7, secondary signal buffer circuit 6, self-test signal generation circuit 3, bus, computing machine 8 and electric board 12.Wherein external signal is connected to the input end of signal conditioning circuit 2 through input interface 1, the output terminal of signal conditioning circuit 2 switches step control circuit 100 with the excess passage and links to each other, input to first signal isolation circuit 5 behind the signal process excess passage switching step control circuit 100 by described signal conditioning circuit 2 outputs, send into computing machine 8 by A/D sampling channel 13 by bus through the signal after isolating, described electric board 12 is connected with computing machine 8.In the present invention, this computing machine 8 adopts the PC104 embedded computer.Computing machine 8 connects 8255I/O expansion board 7 by bus, 8255I/O expansion board 7 is connected to the input end that described excess passage switches step control circuit 100 by secondary signal buffer circuit 6, the input end of self-test signal generation circuit 3 is directly controlled by the I/O mouth of 8255I/O expansion board 7, the output terminal of self-test signal generation circuit 3 is connected to described excess passage and switches step control circuit 100, computing machine 8 is controlled self-test signal generation circuit 3 by the control signal of 8255I/O expansion board 7 and is realized self-checking to produce self-test signal, and control excess passage switches the switching of the dynamic switching of step control circuit 100 with the realization signal sampling channel.In addition, as shown in the figure, on computing machine 8, also be provided with necessary human-computer interaction interface device, as display 9, keyboard 10, mouse 11.
Above-mentioned signal conditioning circuit 2 is to use when input range is sampled in outside measured signal greater than A/D.When external signal input interface 1 is introduced the status signal of equipment under test, after the range conversion of signal conditioning circuit 2, can enlarge status signal measurement range of the present invention, divider resistance in the signal conditioning circuit 2 is because of the voltage swing to be measured dividing potential drop coefficient difference that differs, error in order to reduce to bring because of electric resistance partial pressure in the design, the divider resistance in the circuit all adopt high-precision carbon resister.Of-state voltage signal measurement scope of the present invention is 0-120V, and the resistance value of signal conditioning circuit 2 is determined according to the measurement voltage signal scope:
1. when of-state voltage signal measurement scope was 0-10V, apparatus of the present invention were directly measured;
2. when of-state voltage signal measurement scope is 11-27V, the divider resistance R of employing
1i=10M, R
2i=2M;
3. when of-state voltage signal measurement scope is 28-120V, the divider resistance R of employing
1i=22M, R
2i=2M.
Based on said apparatus, online detection diagnostic method of the present invention is as follows:
1) external signal input interface 1 is introduced into modulate circuit 2 with the detected signal of Devices to test, and signal conditioning circuit 2 is through switching step control circuit 100 to after the amplitude limit of detected signal, the Filtering Processing signal being inputed to the excess passage;
2) the excess passage switches step control circuit 100 employing two-stage multiway analog switches and carries out step control, two-stage multiway analog switch step control circuit is the N group altogether, every group of passage classification control switching circuit can be realized the dynamic synchronization isolation test to 256 paths signals, can be extended to 256 * N road to sense channel according to actual testing requirement like this with carrying out any amount, to realize the signals collecting of excess passage, N 〉=1 wherein, N gets positive integer;
3) in order to realize the isolation of signal between device of the present invention and detected diagnosis object, eliminated influencing each other and disturbing of the two, apparatus of the present invention have been carried out Signal Spacing to input, the output of computing machine 8 respectively.Aforementioned calculation machine 8 input signals are outside measured signal, outside measured signal inputs to first signal isolation circuit 5 after at first switching step control circuit 100 through the excess passage, after the voltage follower of measured signal by first signal isolation circuit 5, simulation optical coupling isolation circuit etc. are handled, realized measured signal and apparatus of the present invention sigtnal interval from, send into the A/D sampling channel 13 of computing machine 8 then to realize the collection of signal through isolating the outside measured signal in back; Aforementioned calculation machine 8 output signals are the control signal that the excess passage switches step control circuit 100, control signal is from 8255I/O expansion board 7, control signal may command self-test signal generation circuit 3 on the described 8255I/O expansion board 7 is realized self-checking to produce self-test signal, and switches the dynamic switching of step control circuit 100 to realize the switching of signal sampling channel through control excess passage after the Signal Spacing of second buffer circuit 6.
4) simultaneously apparatus of the present invention are for the reliability of assurance device self, and the control signal control self-test signal generation circuit 3 of computing machine 8 by 8255I/O expansion board 7 to be to produce the self check pumping signal, and whether the signal sampling channel that is used for testing apparatus of the present invention is reliable.When system carried out self check, the self check pumping signal was switched step control circuit 100 channel selecting by the excess passage and is inserted apparatus of the present invention, and the signal input channel of external testing simultaneously is disconnected, and has both guaranteed the System self-test coverage, can not influence equipment under test again.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing hardware components of the present invention and the software section that needs to cooperate are described in detail:
Fig. 2 has provided passage and has switched the step control schematic block circuit diagram.Excess passage of the present invention switches step control circuit 100 to be made up of N group passage classification control switching circuit 4, N 〉=1 wherein, and N gets positive integer (N that occurs among the present invention all gets same integer).Passage classification control switching circuit 4 carries out step control by the two-stage multiway analog switch, wherein first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91 by first analog switch 14, the second analog switch 15... the 16 analog switch 16 altogether 16 analog switches form (in the middle of among the figure the 3rd to 15 analog switch not label), second level multi-channel analog selector switch is made up of one the 17 analog switch 17 in the described passage classification control switching circuit, and wherein the first to the 16 analog switch and the 17 analog switch all are 16 to select an analog switch.The output terminal of 16 analog switches of first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91 is connected to ten six road input ends of described the 17 analog switch; The output terminal of the 17 analog switch 17 is connected on first signal isolation circuit 5.
The excess passage switches all control signals of step control circuit 100 all from 8255I/O expansion board 7, and these control signals are all passed through the digital light-coupled isolation of secondary signal buffer circuit 6.Secondary signal buffer circuit 6 is made up of N group control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit 92, N 〉=1 wherein, and N gets positive integer.Control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit 92 is made up of data buffer circuit 22,4-16 road decoding scheme 23, anti-phase driving circuit 24 and digital light electric isolating circuit 25.Data buffer circuit 22 and 4-16 road decoding scheme 23 are connected respectively on the anti-phase driving circuit 24, and anti-phase driving circuit 24 is connected with described digital light electric isolating circuit 25.When outside measured signal was not gathered, the passage that passage switches the step control circuit can not be switched on, and has further improved the antijamming capability of apparatus of the present invention, is not subjected to the influence of apparatus of the present invention when having guaranteed the equipment under test operate as normal simultaneously; When the needs acquired signal, PC104 embedded computer 8 carries out data buffering by 8 road digital quantities output of control 8255I/O expansion board 7 through data buffer circuit 22, D7～D4 after the buffering links to each other with 4-16 road decoding 74LS154 circuit 23 and forms 16 road chip selection signal INH1～INH16, chip selection signal INH1～INH16 and D7～D0 form 24 tunnel control codes altogether after the photoelectricity isolation processing of anti-phase driving circuit 24 and digital light electric isolating circuit 25, this 24 tunnel control code is used for controlling the signal sampling channel gating of excess passage switching step control circuit 100 single group 256 paths classification control switching circuits or closing.CD4067 adopts the 15V power supply among the present invention, for making analog switch energy operate as normal, it is that the logical signal of 15V is controlled by high level that signal and chip selection signal are selected in the road, and only provide logic level based on digital quantity output on the embedded computer plate of PC104 bus is the signal of 5V, adopt photoelectric isolation technology to realize conversion between these two level herein, simultaneously also realized the isolation between equipment under test and the PC104 bus embedded type computing machine has been improved antijamming capability of the present invention.Described digital light electric isolating circuit 25 adopts 6 TLP521-4L to realize.
Fig. 3 has provided control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit schematic diagram.Control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit schematic diagram specific design is as follows:
8 road digital quantity D0-D7 of 8255I/O expansion board 7 export data buffering 74HC244 (being data buffer circuit 22) to and cushion.Wherein, low four D0-D3 of digital quantity isolate 25 through data buffer circuit 22 bufferings after digital photoelectricity is sent in the driving of anti-phase driving circuit 24, signal addr0～addr3 is selected on the road that forms first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91, and the chip that anti-phase driving circuit 24 adopts is 74LS07.High four D4-D7 of digital quantity link to each other with 4-16 decoding scheme 23 (being realized by chip 74HC154) after data buffer circuit 22 bufferings, after deciphering, form 16 bit slices and select signal INH1～INH16, send into digital light electric isolating circuit 25 through the driving of anti-phase driving circuit 24 then, form the chip selection signal chip selection signal INH1～INH16 of first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91; Digital quantity D4-D7 links to each other with anti-phase driving circuit 24 after data buffer circuit 22 bufferings simultaneously, after driving, anti-phase driving circuit 24 sends into digital light electric isolating circuit 25, signal addr4～addr7 is selected on the road that forms second level multi-channel analog selector switch, and the chip selection signal INH position of second level multi-channel analog selector switch connects the I/O expansion mouth of 8255I/O expansion board 7.Like this, can select to measure accordingly passage according to the measurement flow process demand of measurand detectable voltage signals, its control channel method is as follows:
At first PC104 embedded computer 8 is by carrying out initialization to 8255I/O expansion board 7, control 8255 corresponding I/O ports, when PC104 embedded computer 8 control 8255I/O port A or B or C send 00000000, first analog switch 14 and the first via passage thereof in the first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91 selected in expression, and the first via passage in the 17 analog switch 17 of the second level.Be that the implication represented of the D0-D7 of 8255I/O port output is as follows: low four D0-D3 of 8255I/O port are used for controlling the road of first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91 and select signal, high four D4-D7 of 8255I/O port both had been used for controlling the chip selection signal of first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91, and signal is selected on the road that also is used for controlling partial the 17 analog switch 17.By that analogy, as long as the gating that single group 256 paths switch arbitrary passage in the step control circuit can be arbitrarily controlled in the output of control 8255I/O port.
Fig. 4 has provided 8255I/O expansion board 7 schematic block circuit diagram.8255I/O expansion board 7 is made up of address comparison circuit 29, GAL address assignment circuit 27, duplex channel data buffer circuit 30,8255#1 extended chip 26 and 8255#2 extended chip 28.8255I/O expansion board circuit is according to the configuration requirement of actual test system, and its work address can be set.8255 register address is determined jointly that by operation address line base address and offset address the base address of its operation address line is by 6 wire jumper settings of address waver, and its offset address is determined by the address wire A0 on the bus of PC104 embedded computer 8, A1.Address wire A9-A4 on PC104 embedded computer 8 buses links to each other with address comparison circuit 29, compare by the address of setting with the address toggle switch and produce the EQU signal, EQU signal and duplex channel data buffer circuit 30 enable pin
Link to each other.In addition, A0, the A1 of EQU signal, PC104 embedded computer 8 address wires, A2 signal, reading signal lines I/OR, AEN, write signal line I/OW, reseting signal line RESET links to each other with 8 road input ends of GAL address distributor 27 respectively, and GAL address distributor other 2 tunnel idle input ends link to each other with GND.GAL address distributor 27 is through reading signal lines I/OR, the write signal line I/OW of address major control 8255 chips after the address assignment, 8255 register option code A0, A1, the chip selection signal CS1 of 8255#1 extended chip 26, the chip selection signal CS2 of 8255#2 extended chip 28 and the control signal DIR of data buffer circuit 30.In addition, the data line D0-D7 of PC104 embedded computer 8 links to each other with data buffer circuit 30, and the data line D0-D7 after the buffering connects the D0-D7 end of 8255#1 extended chip 26 and 8255#2 extended chip 28 respectively.
Based on above hardware, the software section that the present invention also needs to be correlated with cooperates, and this software section is exactly the online detection diagnostic system program in the hardware of the present invention.Fig. 5 has provided online detection diagnostic system program composition frame chart.Online detection diagnostic system program is made up of state detection module 31, analysis and judgement module 35 and fault diagnosis module 42.Wherein state detection module 31 is made up of data acquisition module 33, data memory module 34, data management module 32; Analysis and judgement module 35 by data analysis module 36, data consult module 37, display module 39 and normal data library module 38 are formed as a result; Fault diagnosis module 42 is formed by knowledge search module 40 with based on the fault knowledge library module 41 of XML.Described data acquisition module 33 is used for the data acquisition to voltage signal and self-test signal; The voltage state signal that data memory module 34 is used for collecting stores system database into; Data are consulted module 37 and are used to be responsible for consulting historical data; Data analysis module 36 is used for running status identification and abnormal signal detects; Be used for the generation of fault diagnosis location and maintenance policy based on the fault knowledge library module 41 of XML and XML knowledge search module 40.The fault knowledge storehouse of described fault knowledge library module 41 based on XML adopts XML to make up, and the information that is used to describe tested equipment failure comprises fault numbering, failure cause and method for maintaining.In carrying out the voltage status data detection process, when finding that data mode then generates corresponding failure code and is enabled in radiodiagnosis x module 42 simultaneously when unusual, the fault knowledge storehouse 41 that inline diagnosis module 42 is resolved based on XML by XML data parsing knowledge search 40, thereby find out its some position of breaking down, the reason and the method for maintaining of fault, at last diagnostic result is shown to operating personnel, instructs troubleshooting of faults.
Fig. 6 has provided online detection diagnostic flow chart of the present invention.System adopts coded system at first the measuring point information of voltage signal to be carried out mark and initialization, when PC104 embedded computer 8 detects external signal at every turn, at first read the coding of measuring point variable, comprise by the measuring point information that reads the acquisition of measuring point coding: measuring point name variable, measuring point position, measuring point codomain and detection time.Described measuring point name variable is used for PC104 embedded computer 8 and selects corresponding data acquisition channel, the measuring point position is used for the measuring point position of PC104 embedded computer 8 identification measurands, whether the measuring point codomain is used for the measured value of PC104 embedded computer 8 online differentiation measurands correct, is used for PC104 embedded computer 8 detection time and carries out countdown detection time.After 8 pairs of measured signals detections of PC104 embedded computer finish, to show measurement result, and stores it, the simultaneous faults diagnostic routine judges whether to detect at the appointed time qualified signal according to the Boolean quantity of codomain judgment variable, if testing result is normal, then enter the collection of next passage, otherwise enter in the on-line fault diagnosis 57 based on the XML fault database.
In order to realize the on-line monitoring and diagnosis of large-scale complicated system, the invention provides a kind of hyperchannel, micro-loading, non-intervention (non-excitation), omnidistance on-line monitoring and diagnosis method of isolating, this method can realize the synchronous monitoring diagnosis of excess channel signal, can expand arbitrarily sense channel according to actual testing requirement, can carry out the dynamic synchronization on-line monitoring and diagnosis according to the workflow of tested complication system, its on-line monitoring and diagnosis method concrete steps are as follows:
(1) system program carries out initialization, specifically comprises:
A) carry out the measuring point numbering according to the workflow of tested large-scale complicated system, and the measuring point title of tested large-scale complicated system voltage signal is carried out variable enumerate;
B) the tested large-scale complicated system on-line monitoring and diagnosis flow data structure of definition specifically comprises the definition of measuring point title, the definition of measuring point position, the measuring point codomain upper limit, lower limit definition and amount definition detection time of measurand;
C) according to the on-line monitoring and diagnosis flow data structure of tested large-scale complicated system of definition, and according to the workflow initialization on-line monitoring and diagnosis flow data structure of tested large-scale complicated system, promptly according to the workflow of tested large-scale complicated system to the measuring point title of each measuring point, measuring point position, the measuring point codomain upper limit, lower limit and detection time amount carry out variable-definition and variable assignments;
(2) system program specifically comprises outside voltage signal acquisition:
A) definition test cost time variable, test result codomain judgment variable, and to the two variable tax initial value 0;
B) read on-line monitoring and diagnosis flow process after the initialization, and choose corresponding testing procedure in the on-line monitoring and diagnosis flow data structure according to measuring point numbering, obtain the information in certain step in the testing process, comprising: measuring point name variable, measuring point position, the measuring point codomain upper limit, lower limit and detection time;
C) enter loop program and judge, if the detection time of setting is overtime and do not detect correct test result, perhaps the detection time of She Dinging not overtime but detected correct test result, system program all will be jumped out loop program;
D) do not detect correct test result if the detection time of setting is overtime, then carry out loop program, and control the gating of corresponding measured signal passage according to the measuring point name variable;
E) select A/D ALT-CH alternate channel and the input range of A/D switching signal is set;
F) value that A/D sampling is obtained adopts and removes the extreme mean filtering method, that is: continuous sampling is N time, removes a maximal value, removes a minimum value, the arithmetic mean of complementation N-2 the sampled value of getting off again, and N gets 9 among the present invention;
G) go extreme mean filtering by voltage acquisition after, read the measured value that A/D gathers subroutine then, and be converted into the actual measured value of voltage;
H) test cost time variable is added 1 operation, and give test result codomain judgment variable assignment.Wherein, whether test result codomain judgment variable mainly carries out assignment according to test result between the measuring point codomain upper limit and measuring point codomain lower limit, and assignment 1 expression testing result is in measuring point codomain scope, and assignment 0 expression is not in measuring point codomain scope;
I) return loop program, and the systemic circulation program is judged according to the value of measuring point test cost time variable and test result codomain judgment variable, measure the detection time that defines in the testing process and the value of test result codomain judgment variable is 0 if the test cost time has exceeded, test perhaps that the cost time does not exceed the detection time amount that defines in the testing process and the value of test result codomain judgment variable is 1, then cycle values is false, and the systemic circulation program will be jumped out circulation and according to the Boolean quantity return parameters value of test result codomain judgment variable; Otherwise cycle values is that true time illustrates that measuring point does not still have test correct in the detection time of setting, and the systemic circulation program will be proceeded to test and be satisfied the loop termination condition until the systemic circulation program current measuring point like this;
J) when satisfying the loop termination condition, the systemic circulation EOP (end of program), system will show and stores it;
K) system program will judge whether to detect at the appointed time qualified signal according to the Boolean quantity of test result codomain judgment variable, rreturn value is that the current measuring point voltage of signals of 1 explanation measurand value is normal, and program is proceeded the voltage signal test of next measuring point.If rreturn value is 0, the check point data exception then is described, system will enter in the on-line intelligence diagnosis based on the fault knowledge storehouse.
(3) system program carries out diagnosing based on the on-line intelligence in fault knowledge storehouse to unusual measuring point, specifically comprises:
A) at first set up system failure knowledge hierarchy tree according to the system architecture of tested large-scale complicated system, and fault knowledge adopted realize based on the XML technology, failure message to tested each measuring point of large-scale complicated system has carried out unified numbering, set up based on XML technical failure knowledge base, comprise XML statement, processing instruction and XML element three parts, the relevant information that has comprised tested large-scale complicated system fault specifically comprises fault numbering, failure cause and method for maintaining.
B) when system program judges that measuring point is unusual, write down the fault code name of this moment, the measured value that is which step is unusual, system program is numbered to the fault based on XML technical failure knowledge base according to the fault number index then, and according to fault numbering XML fault knowledge storehouse is resolved, concrete steps are as follows:
1. read in XML fault knowledge database documents.
2. check whether grammatical rule of XML fault knowledge database documents, guarantee that beginning label has with the end mark of its coupling, has only a root element, all elements to constitute a hierarchical tree and do not have overlapping element.
If 3. do not find mistake, then XML is converted to the form that system program uses, i.e. the data structure that can use of construction system program; Errors excepted, then provide the report of parse error.
4. resolve output, by system program XML document is conducted interviews, extracting needed maintenance tutorial message shows, mainly be that fault origination point position, failure cause and the method for maintaining that will find shows, with Function detection and the original position on-line fault diagnosis of realizing tested large-scale complicated system.
Fig. 7 has provided the fault knowledge storehouse composition frame chart based on XML.The fault knowledge of apparatus of the present invention is represented and is stored all and realize based on the XML technology.Because XML document is edited as text, can directly be stored in XML document in the system program of PC104 embedded computer 8 as a common text, the method simply and not needing to realize special Database Systems or storage manager, only needs earlier it to be resolved to get final product when visiting XML document at every turn.Apparatus of the present invention will be defined as a simple hierarchical tree based on the fault knowledge storehouse of XML, comprise XML statement, processing instruction and XML element three parts.Described XML statement part 59 appears at the beginning part of document, comprises version number, possible speech encoding, optional DTD (Document Type Definition) (DTD); Described XML element part 60 comprises compositions such as marker character, attribute, note, entity reference, is the element of XML tag.Wherein, the XML tag symbol comprises start mark symbol and corresponding end mark symbol, and the two is successively nested; The XML attribute is the character of element, and attribute has been explained the interior information of beginning label of element, by＜? with? character group defines; Note among the XML with＜!--beginning, with--finish, it can appear at any position of XML document.For improving search efficiency, simplifying search utility, apparatus of the present invention have been carried out unified numbering to the failure message of each measuring point of equipment under test, set up the fault knowledge storehouse of uniform format, the relevant information of tested equipment failure can clearly be described, comprising fault numbering, failure cause and method for maintaining.
Fig. 8 has provided the on-line fault diagnosis hierarchical chart based on XML fault knowledge storehouse.Online detection diagnostic function provided by the invention is finished by four levels, comprising: fault display layer 61, and XML analytic sheaf 62, based on the fault database document level 63 of XML, fault code name layer 64.Described fault code name layer 64 is generated by the online trace routine of voltage signal, in the online trace routine of voltage signal when judging the electric voltage exception of equipment under test, apparatus of the present invention are write down the fault code name of this moment, the measured value that is which step is unusual, in fault code name layer 64, online detection diagnostic routine is numbered to the fault in the XML fault database document level 63 according to the fault number index; Described fault database document level 63 based on XML mainly is to set up fault knowledge of the present invention storehouse referring to the fault knowledge storehouse composition diagram based on XML that Fig. 7 provides; Described fault display layer 61 mainly is that fault origination point position, failure cause and the method for maintaining that will find shows, to realize the Function detection and the original position on-line fault diagnosis of equipment under test.
Fig. 9 has provided passage self-checking circuit theory diagram.Self-test signal for the 15V power supply hang oneself form after the voltage stabilizing+the 5V signal, when apparatus of the present invention are in when detecting state, PC104 embedded computer 8 sends corresponding relay control signal by 8255I/O expansion board 7 to self-test signal generation circuit 3, with self check relay closes in the control self-test signal generation circuit 3, after the relay closes will by the 15V power supply hang oneself that voltage stabilizing forms+the 5V self-test signal introduces the different input ends of each sheet CD4067 in the first order multi-channel analog selector switch 91, promptly is connected respectively to IO1～IO16 input end.When carrying out self-checking, PC104 embedded computer 8 is judged the acquisition channel quality of signal by the quality of every CD4067 in the sense channel classification control switching circuit respectively, the principle of its realization is detecting the foundation that single passage quality is used as judging full wafer CD4067 quality, and She Ji advantage is a hardware design of having simplified system like this.In addition, the self test mode that the present invention adopts is that self-test signal is measured detection, promptly whether in the error allowed band, judge the reliability that passage detects, so multidiameter option switch, photoelectric isolated chip and A/D data acquisition chip have all obtained detection validation under this kind self test mode through the size of measurement of comparison value and self-test signal.The self-checking circuit design simplification of apparatus of the present invention the design of circuit board, reduced cost, improved the reliability that detects diagnostic device.After self check was finished, PC104 embedded computer 8 sent corresponding relay control signal, and pilot relay disconnects, thereby disconnection+5V self-test signal makes circuit board be in test mode.
Figure 10 has provided passage self check process flow diagram, and step 70 is 8255 initialization.In the self check process, step 71～73 realize that the PC104 embedded computer sends the self check relay control signal, and control the self check relay closes reliably.Step 74～76 realize that PC104 embedded computer 16 sends the channel selecting control signal, and control the gating of selected self check passage reliably.In step 78, the PC104 embedded computer self-test signal is detected and the size of measurement of comparison value and self-test signal whether in the error allowed band, if in allowed band then judge that the self check of self check passage is normal, and once more self-test signal is detected and the size of measurement of comparison value and self-test signal whether in the error allowed band, if it is unusual to be judged as self check, then rreturn value 0, when being judged as self check once more just often, then rreturn value 1, otherwise rreturn value 0 still.After detection is finished to self-test signal, in step 85, PC104 embedded computer 8 is judged according to detecting rreturn value, if rreturn value 1, represent that then the passage of current self check is normal, and judge whether that all passage self checks finish, if finishing then self check finishes, and disconnect the self check relay, enter test mode simultaneously, otherwise order is carried out the self check of next passage; If rreturn value 0 is then carried out self check and reported to the police, the prompting self check is not passed through.
Figure 11 has provided embodiment of the invention workflow diagram.Certain large-scale and complicated device or system are carried out presence when detecting diagnosis, and the embodiment workflow is as follows:
At first the various voltage working signals of equipment under test are sent to interface circuit by transfer box and transit cable.At first carry out program initialization behind the system boot according to setting in advance, the related port that detects the diagnosis hardware system is carried out necessary initialization setting, then starting the interface display program provides the selection of mode of operation for operating personnel, and operating personnel can select System self-test, consult historical test data or finish test to the associated voltage amount with equipment under test synchronous operation this moment.When apparatus of the present invention are in when detecting pattern, at first PC104 embedded computer control self check relay is to provide self-test signal to sampling channel, send the self check control code of different passages then at each analog switch CD4067 in the first order, corresponding by gating from detecting passage, make self-test signal deliver on the A/D sampling channel, the PC104 embedded computer judges by the consistance that compares self-test signal and actual measurement data whether sampling channel fault has taken place, if unusual, then respective channel breaks down.After breaking down, the sampling channel that device breaks down according to self-detection result location, self non-fault when the passage self-checking function of apparatus of the present invention guarantees to detect diagnostic device work, thereby the reliability and the security that have improved apparatus of the present invention greatly.When apparatus of the present invention are in test mode,, synchronously the different channel voltage signals of equipment under test are gathered according to the running status and the workflow of equipment under test.The PC104 embedded computer sends steering order by the PC104 bus to excess passage step control circuit in the test process, the analog switch work of control respective channel, connect the signalling channel that needs collection, and the voltage of equipment under test is gathered by A/D, and measurement result shown, storage and management, the PC104 embedded computer carries out inline diagnosis to the signal that records simultaneously, after being judged as unusually, its inline diagnosis module begins to utilize XML knowledge search module, the abnormal signal numbering is carried out locating based on the fault knowledge storehouse of XML, and provide corresponding maintenance measures and suggestion, thereby realize the quick diagnosis and the accurate location of measurand voltage signal.When apparatus of the present invention are in when consulting historical test data, can consult the historical data that is stored in the apparatus system writing time according to the test data of selecting of consulting.When all above-mentioned mode of operations are not all selected, can select to log off.
In sum, online detection diagnostic device provided by the present invention can be expanded sense channel according to actual testing requirement, and expansion quantity can be up to 256 * N road, to realize the collection of excess channel signal, and N 〉=1 wherein, N gets positive integer.The voltage signal measuring point is dynamically being inserted in the excess passage process, irrelevant measuring point and detection system are not electrically connected, and the problem that multiplexer channel inserts simultaneously can not occur, and all input and output of PC104 embedded computer have all carried out the photoelectricity isolation, system's antijamming capability is strong.The online detection diagnostic method that is provided can be tested according to the workflow synchronous dynamic of tested large-scale complicated system automatically according to the measuring point coding of definition, and in test process, can carry out the voltage state signal that real-time online detects the diagnosis equipment under test according to detection time of setting and test result, and can show in real time and store test results, and can be according to detected abnormal voltage status information, in conjunction with fault knowledge storehouse based on XML, online search location of finishing fault.The present invention is for the voltage signal greater than A/D sampling input range, its each sampling channel input impedance is greater than 12 megaohms, detected of-state voltage scope is 0V～120V, and circuit has the passage self-checking function simultaneously, has guaranteed the reliability of its sense channel self work.The online detection diagnosis requirement of the excess channel voltage signal of large-scale and complicated devices such as the present invention can satisfy aircraft, satellite, naval vessel, space flight and aviation, engineering machinery, railway well, the intelligent building field or system.
Claims (10)
1. online detection diagnostic device of photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal, comprise external signal input interface (1), signal conditioning circuit (2), the excess passage switches step control circuit (100), first signal isolation circuit (5), A/D signal sampling channel (13), 8255I/O expansion board (7), secondary signal buffer circuit (6), self-test signal generation circuit (3), bus, computing machine (8) and electric board (12), it is characterized in that: described external signal is connected to the input end of signal conditioning circuit (2) through input interface (1), the output terminal of signal conditioning circuit (2) switches step control circuit (100) with the excess passage and links to each other, input to first signal isolation circuit (5) behind the signal process excess passage switching step control circuit (100) by described signal conditioning circuit (2) output, send into computing machine (8) by A/D sampling channel (13) by bus through the signal after isolating; Described computing machine (8) connects 8255I/O expansion board (7) by bus, described 8255I/O expansion board (7) is connected to the input end that described excess passage switches step control circuit (100) by secondary signal buffer circuit (6), the input end of described self-test signal generation circuit (3) is directly controlled by the I/O mouth of 8255I/O expansion board (7), the output terminal of described self-test signal generation circuit (3) is connected to described excess passage and switches step control circuit (100), described computing machine (8) is controlled self-test signal generation circuit (3) by the control signal of 8255I/O expansion board (7) and is realized self-checking to produce self-test signal, and control excess passage switches the switching of the dynamic switching realization signal sampling channel of step control circuit (100).
2. the online detection diagnostic device of photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described excess passage switches step control circuit (100) to be made up of N group passage classification control switching circuit (4), N 〉=1 wherein, N gets positive integer; Described passage classification control switching circuit (4) carries out step control by the two-stage multiway analog switch, wherein first order multi-channel analog selector switch (91) is made up of the first to the 16 analog switch, and the second level multi-channel analog selector switch in the described passage classification control switching circuit (4) is made up of the 17 analog switch; The output terminal of the first to the 16 analog switch of described first order multi-channel analog selector switch (91) is connected to ten six road input ends of described the 17 analog switch respectively; The output terminal of described the 17 analog switch (17) is connected on first signal isolation circuit (5).
3. the online detection diagnostic device of photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described the first to the 16 analog switch and the 17 analog switch (17) are 16 to select an analog switch;
4. the online detection diagnostic device of photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described secondary signal buffer circuit (6) is made up of N group control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit (92), N 〉=1 wherein, and N gets positive integer.
5. the online detection diagnostic device of photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described control code expansion photoelectric isolating circuit (92) is made up of data buffer circuit (22), 4-16 road decoding scheme (23), anti-phase driving circuit (24) and digital light electric isolating circuit (25); Described data buffer circuit (22) and 4-16 road decoding scheme (23) are connected respectively on the anti-phase driving circuit (24), and described anti-phase driving circuit (24) is connected with described digital light electric isolating circuit (25).
6. the online detection diagnostic device of photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described data buffer circuit (22) adopts 74HC244 to realize.
7. the online detection diagnostic device of photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described digital light electric isolating circuit (25) adopts 6 TLP521-4L to realize.
8. the online detection diagnostic device of photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signal according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described anti-phase driving circuit (24) adopts 74LS07 to realize; Described 4-16 road decoding scheme (23) adopts 74HC154 to realize.
9. according to claim 1,2, the online detection diagnostic device of 3 or 4 described photoelectricity isolated form excess channel voltage signals, it is characterized in that: described computing machine (8) is the PC104 embedded computer, and described bus is the PC104 bus.
10. the online detection diagnostic method based on the described device of claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) external signal input interface (1) is introduced into modulate circuit (2) with the detected signal of Devices to test, and described signal conditioning circuit (2) is through switching step control circuit (100) to after the amplitude limit of detected signal, the Filtering Processing signal being inputed to the excess passage;
2) described excess passage switches step control circuit (100) employing two-stage multiway analog switch step control circuit and carries out step control, described two-stage multiway analog switch step control circuit is the N group altogether, every group of passage classification control switching circuit realized the dynamic synchronization isolation test to 256 paths signals, make sense channel be extended to 256 * N road, to realize the signals collecting of excess passage, N 〉=1 wherein, N gets positive integer;
3) output signal of described excess passage switching step control circuit (100) inputs to first signal isolation circuit (5), voltage follower, simulation optical coupling isolation circuit by first signal isolation circuit (5) are handled to realize Signal Spacing, send into A/D sampling channel (13) through the signal after isolating, send into computing machine (8) through bus then and handle to realize the collection of signal;
4) the control signal control self-test signal generation circuit (3) of computing machine (8) by 8255I/O expansion board (7) to be to produce the self check pumping signal, and whether be used for the test signal acquisition channel reliable; When carrying out self check, the self check pumping signal is switched step control circuit (100) channel selecting by the excess passage and is inserted, and the signal input channel of external testing simultaneously is disconnected; Control self-test signal generation circuit (3) and excess passage switch all control signals of step control circuit (100) all from 8255I/O expansion board (7), wherein control the excess passage and switch the digital light-coupled isolation of the control signal of step control circuit (100) through secondary signal buffer circuit (6).
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