CN102029446B - Numerical control device - Google Patents
Numerical control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102029446B CN102029446B CN2010105071560A CN201010507156A CN102029446B CN 102029446 B CN102029446 B CN 102029446B CN 2010105071560 A CN2010105071560 A CN 2010105071560A CN 201010507156 A CN201010507156 A CN 201010507156A CN 102029446 B CN102029446 B CN 102029446B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a numerical control device, wherein the returned information of a tap is stored in an auxiliary RAM by a CPU during the tapping operation.The tap returning motion of a main shaft, which is counter-rotating while increasing, is operated by the CPU during the tapping operation and the recovery of the power supply after an interruption of the power supply.When the returned information of the tap is stored in the auxiliary RAM, main shaft move instructions and workbench move instructions generated by pressing a shaft move key are set to be invalid (S30) by the CPU.According to the invention, the movement of a tool and / or a workpiece can be prevented when the workpiece is engaged by the tool, thereby preventing the damage of the tool and the workpiece.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of numerical control device.The numerical control device of the lathe that instrument can be extracted from workpiece when specifically, the present invention relates to after processing is being interrupted, restart.
Background technology
In lathe (numerical control device), having of having so-called " screw tap returns function "." screw tap returns function " is when processing is interrupted because of have a power failure or wrong etc. in tapping processing, to restart to add the function of man-hour screw tap being extracted at lathe from workpiece.For example, in the Digit Control Machine Tool that 1991 No. 25293 communiques of Japan's special permission bulletin disclose, the speed of mainshaft that adds man-hour with tapping makes the main shaft counter-rotating, with the reverse same feed speed of the feed speed of being stored screw tap is moved.Therefore, lathe is extracted certain distance with screw tap from workpiece.Afterwards, this lathe makes screw tap return ad-hoc location by fast feed.
When the Digit Control Machine Tool execution " screw tap returns function " that above-mentioned document is put down in writing, the operator restarts enabling signal from the input of manual data input unit.The manual data input unit comprises shifting bond(s).Shifting bond(s) is the key for workbench, main shaft are operated by the operator towards the position movement of expecting.The operator press this shifting bond(s) during, workbench, main axle moving.Therefore, when this Digit Control Machine Tool was carried out " screw tap returns function ", the operator can press shifting bond(s) mistakenly sometimes.In this case, bite under the state of workpiece movable workbench at screw tap.Consequently, produce screw tap and the impaired problem of workpiece.
In this Digit Control Machine Tool, when restarting after the perforate that utilizes drill bit to carry out processing is being interrupted, the operator can get the operation of extracting drill bit from workpiece wrong and presses shifting bond(s) sometimes.In this case, the same during with screw tap, bite under the state of workpiece movable workbench at drill bit.Consequently, produce drill bit and the impaired problem of workpiece.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of numerical control device that can prevent the damage of instrument and workpiece when after lathe is interrupting the processing of workpiece, restarting.
Technical scheme 1 described numerical control device is a kind of numerical control device that carries out numerical control of machine tools, above-mentioned lathe can operate under at least two kinds of patterns, these at least two kinds of patterns comprise: the automatic operation mode of using the instrument that is installed on main shaft that workpiece is processed according to the processing instruction of pre-stored procedure in storage part, so that utilize that mobile instruction unit makes make the effective manual operation pattern that is designated as that at least one party in above-mentioned instrument and the above-mentioned workpiece moves, when above-mentioned processing is interrupted under above-mentioned automatic operation mode, above-mentioned lathe carries out extracting from above-mentioned workpiece the instrument pull action of above-mentioned instrument under above-mentioned manual operation pattern, above-mentioned numerical control device comprises: mode setting part, have no progeny in above-mentioned processing, above-mentioned mode setting part changes to above-mentioned manual operation pattern with above-mentioned lathe from above-mentioned automatic operation mode; Mobile invalid section, when above-mentioned mode setting part changes to above-mentioned manual operation pattern, invalid of above-mentioned movement so that the indication that at least one party in above-mentioned instrument and the above-mentioned workpiece is moved towards the direction with the rotating shaft quadrature of above-mentioned instrument that utilizes that above-mentioned mobile instruction unit makes become invalid.
In technical scheme 1 described numerical control device, when processing is interrupted in the processing of workpiece, to utilize the indication of the puller that mobile instruction unit makes to get wrong and instrument is bitten under the state of workpiece the operator, can prevent that at least one party in instrument and the workpiece from moving towards the direction with the rotating shaft quadrature of instrument.Numerical control device can prevent that at least one party in instrument and the workpiece from moving towards the direction with the rotating shaft quadrature of instrument, therefore, can prevent that instrument and workpiece are impaired.
In technical scheme 2 described numerical control devices, also comprise processing instruction stores processor section, when above-mentioned lathe carries out the above-mentioned man-hour that adds according to above-mentioned processing instruction under above-mentioned automatic operation mode, above-mentioned processing instruction stores processor section generates the information relevant with above-mentioned processing instruction and it is stored in the processing command storage unit, when above-mentioned processing command storage unit stored the information relevant with above-mentioned processing instruction, above-mentioned mode setting part changed to above-mentioned manual operation pattern.In technical scheme 2 described numerical control devices, store when processing the relevant information of instruction in the processing command storage unit, the indication that at least one party in instrument and the workpiece is moved that utilizes mobile instruction unit to make is become invalid.
In technical scheme 3 described numerical control devices, above-mentioned instrument is screw tap, above-mentioned processing is the tapping action that forms screw thread at above-mentioned workpiece, numerical control device also comprises: the move generating unit, instruction as above-mentioned instrument pull action, above-mentioned move generating unit generates move, and this move makes the interruption position that above-mentioned main shaft interrupts from above-mentioned processing move to the reset position that above-mentioned screw tap leaves from above-mentioned workpiece by the front rotation of above-mentioned main shaft and above-mentioned processing interruption is oppositely rotated; The micromotion enforcement division, when above-mentioned move generating unit generates above-mentioned move, above-mentioned micromotion enforcement division is carried out micromotion, in this micromotion, make above-mentioned main axle moving unit act amount of movement or make the rotation amount of unit act of above-mentioned main shaft counter-rotating less from the rotation amount that above-mentioned interruption position moves to the amount of movement of the required above-mentioned main shaft of above-mentioned reset position or above-mentioned main shaft than making above-mentioned screw tap.In technical scheme 3 described numerical control devices, by micromotion, unlike in the past, make main shaft rise to reset position from interruption position quickly, main shaft was stopped before arriving reset position.Therefore, while the state of extracting that the operator can confirm instrument puller little by little.
In technical scheme 4 described numerical control devices, when above-mentioned lathe carries out above-mentioned tapping action under above-mentioned automatic operation mode, as the information relevant with above-mentioned processing instruction, above-mentioned processing instruction stores processor section's generation instrument relevant with above-mentioned instrument pull action extracted information and it is stored in above-mentioned processing command storage unit, and the above-mentioned instrument that above-mentioned micromotion enforcement division is stored according to above-mentioned processing command storage unit is extracted the above-mentioned micromotion of information and executing.In technical scheme 4 described numerical control devices, when the tapping action is interrupted, extract the information and executing micromotion according to the instrument that generates as the information relevant with the processing instruction of tapping action.Therefore, numerical control device can be carried out the instrument pull action corresponding with the tapping action reliably.
In technical scheme 5 described numerical control devices, also comprise: instrument is extracted the Information sign storage part, and this instrument is extracted the Information sign storage portion stores and represented that the instrument that has or not above-mentioned instrument to extract information extracts Information sign; Instrument is extracted the Information sign handling part, when above-mentioned lathe carries out above-mentioned tapping action under above-mentioned automatic operation mode, above-mentioned instrument is extracted the Information sign handling part above-mentioned instrument is extracted the Information sign unlatching, when above-mentioned tapping release, above-mentioned instrument extracts the Information sign handling part and above-mentioned instrument is extracted Information sign cuts out; Instrument pull action configuration part, when above-mentioned instrument pull action was masked as unlatching, above-mentioned instrument pull action configuration part can be set as above-mentioned instrument pull action effective or invalid.In technical scheme 5 described numerical control devices, even but under the state of executing means pull action, also can be set as and not carry out the instrument pull action.
In technical scheme 6 described numerical control devices, also comprise: rotation amount configuration part, the above-mentioned rotation amount of above-mentioned unit act when above-mentioned micromotion is set in this rotation amount configuration part; The amount of movement calculating part, the above-mentioned rotation amount that this amount of movement calculating part sets according to above-mentioned rotation amount configuration part, the amount of movement of above-mentioned unit act when the pitch of above-mentioned screw tap is calculated above-mentioned micromotion.In technical scheme 6 described numerical control devices, therefore the amount of movement of unit act, can be carried out and the corresponding instrument pull action of situation in the time of can adjusting micromotion according to the kind of screw tap, the material of workpiece etc.
In technical scheme 7 described numerical control devices, the above-mentioned instrument information of extracting comprises: the information of the pitch of above-mentioned screw tap is that the information of the rotating speed of pitch information, above-mentioned main shaft is that rotary speed information, the above-mentioned screw tap of expression are that right-hand thread or the information of left-hand thread are screw thread information.In technical scheme 7 described numerical control devices, owing to knowing the tapping starting position, therefore the reset position of main shaft can be set as the tapping starting position.In numerical control device, owing to knowing the pitch of screw tap and the rotating speed of main shaft, therefore know the distance that screw tap rotates a circle and moves.In numerical control device, be right-hand thread or left-hand thread owing to knowing screw tap, the direction of rotation in the time of therefore can specifically determining the instrument pull action.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of lathe 1.
Fig. 2 is the stereogram that omits the lathe 1 of protection baffle plate.
Fig. 3 is expression comes the state of processing work 30 with the instrument 13 that is installed on main shaft 9 figure.
Fig. 4 is the figure of an example of expression procedure.
Fig. 5 is the key diagram of tapping action.
Fig. 6 is the key diagram of screw tap return action.
Fig. 7 is the block diagram of the electric formation of expression numerical control device 50.
Fig. 8 is the concept map of RAM53.
Fig. 9 is the concept map of auxiliary RAM55.
Figure 10 is the concept map of flash memory 57.
Figure 11 is the figure of return picture 40.
Figure 12 is the figure (in the screw tap backtrack mode) of return picture 40.
Figure 13 is the flow chart that main control is processed.
Figure 14 is the flow chart that power up is processed.
Figure 15 is the flow chart that screw tap returns processing.
The chart of the corresponding relation when Figure 16 is expression tapping action between the speed of mainshaft and the Z axis slippage.
Figure 17 is the mobile flow chart processed forbidden.
The specific embodiment
Below, the numerical control device 50 of an embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing.The procedure (NC program) that numerical control device 50 shown in Figure 7 consists of by the arrangement of carrying out by control instruction is controlled the action of lathe shown in Figure 11.
See figures.1.and.2, the structure of lathe 1 is carried out simple declaration.Lathe 1 is by making workpiece and instrument relatively move the machinery of the machining that workpiece is expected.As shown in Figure 1, lathe 1 comprises: base 2 made of iron, be located at the machine tool main body 3 (with reference to Fig. 2) on these base 2 tops.The protection baffle plate 4 of case shape is fixed in base 2 tops.Around the protection baffle plate 4 covering machine tool main body 3.
Protection baffle plate 4 has opening (not shown) in its front.The a pair of shutter door 5,6 of slidingtype is located at this opening.Guidance panel 10 is located at the right side of this opening.Guidance panel 10 is used for operation lathe 1.Guidance panel 10 has display 11 at an upper portion thereof.Display 11 shows various setting pictures etc.Guidance panel 10 has keyboard 12 in its underpart.Keyboard 12 comprises various operated keys.
As shown in Figure 2, machine tool main body 3 comprises: post 21, main spindle box 7, main shaft 9, tool replacing apparatus 25, tool storage room 26, workbench 15.Post 21 extends towards the top from top, base 2 rear.Main spindle box 7 is set as and can carries out lifting along these post 21 front surfaces.Main spindle box 7 rotatably is supported with main shaft 9 in its underpart.Tool replacing apparatus 25 is located at the right side of main spindle box 7.25 pairs of tool replacing apparatus are installed on the instrument 13 (with reference to Fig. 3) of main shaft 9 and automatically change.Tool storage room 26 is located at tool replacing apparatus 25 right sides.Tool storage room 26 stores a plurality of instruments.Workbench 15 is arranged at base 2 tops.2 pairs of workbench 15 of base support, and it can be moved along the XY direction of principal axis.
Control cabinet 22 is located at post 21 back sides.Control cabinet 22 within it side has been taken in numerical control device 50 (with reference to Fig. 7).The action of 50 pairs of lathes 1 of numerical control device is controlled.
Post 21 comprises the guide rail (not shown) that extends along the vertical direction in its front surface side.Post 21 supports to main spindle box 7 along this lifting rail freely.Post 21 rotatably is supported with the feed screw (not shown) that extends along the vertical direction at its front surface.The driving shaft of Z axis motor 73 (with reference to Fig. 7) is connected with this feed screw upper end.Main spindle box 7 is connected with this feed screw by nut (not shown).By the driving of Z axis motor 73, the forward and reverse rotation of this feed screw, by this, main spindle box 7 liftings.Main spindle box 7 supports to rotation freely with main shaft 9.Spindle Motor 8 is located at main spindle box 7 tops.9 rotations of Spindle Motor 8 drive shaft.Main shaft 9 has installing hole (not shown) in its lower end.Instrument 13 (with reference to Fig. 3) embeds in this installing hole.
As shown in Figure 2, workbench 15 is set as and can moves along X-direction (left and right directions) and Y direction (fore-and-aft direction).The travel mechanism of workbench 15 comprises: brace table 16, X-axis travel mechanism 17, y-axis shift actuation mechanism 18.Brace table 16 support table 15.X-axis travel mechanism 17 is movable support platform 16 on X-direction.Y-axis shift actuation mechanism 18 is movable support platform 16 on Y direction.X-axis travel mechanism 17 has X-axis feeding guide (not shown).This X-axis feeding guide guide support platform 16 on X-direction.Y-axis shift actuation mechanism 18 has Y-axis feeding guide (not shown).X-axis motor 71 (with reference to Fig. 7) and Y-axis motor 72 (with reference to Fig. 7) control brace table 16 are mobile in X-direction and Y direction.X-axis motor 71 and Y-axis motor 72 are servo motors.
With reference to Fig. 3~Fig. 5, the tapping of lathe 1 action is described.The tapping action is an example of the processing action of workpiece.Be pre-formed porose at workpiece shown in Figure 3 30.Instrument 13 is screw taps.The tapping action is that the instrument 13 that is installed on main shaft 9 enters in this hole while rotating, thereby forms the action of screw thread.When lathe 1 carried out the tapping action, lathe 1 was carried out a succession of operation that forms screw thread at workpiece 30 according to procedure (with reference to Fig. 4).Lathe 1 carries out perforate processing, tapping processing in order to form screw thread.Perforate processing is the processing that comes perforate with drill bit.Tapping processing is the processing that carves screw thread in the inboard in this hole." G81 " in the procedure is the drill bit instruction." G74 " is the screw tap instruction.Lathe 1 at first carries out perforate processing according to the drill bit instruction of " G81 ".After perforate processing, lathe 1 carries out following tapping processing according to the instruction of " G74X-30.Y0.Z-8.R2.F5000 S5000 ".
As shown in Figure 5, in operation 1, lathe 1 is positioned instrument 13 for XY coordinate position (30,0).In operation 2, lathe 1 is positioned instrument 13 for tapping action starting position according to instruction " R2 ".In operation 3, lathe 1 from tapping action starting position to the hole at the bottom of till carry out tapping action towards the below.In operation 4, lathe 1 is from carrying out the tapping action towards the top till the tapping action starting position at the bottom of the hole.Lathe 1 for example uses the screw tap of pitch=1mm to carry out the tapping action with feed speed (F)=5000mm/min, the speed of mainshaft (S)=5000RPM.Lathe 1 forms screw thread by above-mentioned tapping action at workpiece 30.Pitch is the value that feed speed is obtained divided by the speed of mainshaft.
The below describes the screw tap return action of lathe 1.As shown in Figure 6, tapping action sometimes in operation 3 because having a power failure and certain former thereby interruption such as emergent stopping operation.If lathe 1 restarts processing when power up, then lathe 1 is carried out screw tap return action (instrument pull action) for the breakage that prevents instrument 13 and workpiece 30.When lathe 1 carried out the screw tap return action, in operation 5, lathe 1 oppositely rotated when main shaft 9 is moved with the tapping of operation 3, and makes main shaft 9 move to tapping action starting position.Lathe 1 can not only make instrument 13 mobile continuously from the interruption position of tapping action till tapping action starting position, can also make instrument 13 off and on fine motion take ormal weight as unit.Lathe 1 can be extracted instrument 13 while main shaft 9 is rotated off and in micromotion from workpiece 30.Therefore, by micromotion, while the operator can confirm that the state of workpiece 30 and instrument 13 carries out the screw tap return action.The details of micromotion will be explained below.
As shown in Figure 6, when carrying out initial screw tap return action (common screw tap return action or initial micromotion), the lathe 1 of present embodiment makes main shaft 9 carry out the screw tap return action after Z-direction decline ormal weight.If interrupt tapping processing in carrying out the process of tapping processing, then main shaft 9 is braked in Z-direction.Main shaft 9 also can slightly rotate because of inertia after being subject to braking.Consequently, instrument 13 is bitten workpiece 30 sometimes.The afore mentioned rules amount of main shaft 9 descends effective especially when screw tap is bitten workpiece 30.This is because as shown in Figure 3, when screw tap is bitten, may produce gap H between main shaft 9 and instrument 13.Under the state that produces this gap H, if lathe 1 carries out screw tap return action in the past, then instrument 13 can be thrown off from main shaft 9 sometimes, makes main shaft 9 or instrument 13 damages.Descend by main shaft 9, gap H disappears.Therefore, after main shaft 9 is descended, can carry out well the screw tap return action.The Z axis down maneuver of main shaft 9 will be explained below.
The below describes the screw tap return information.Required information when the screw tap return information refers to carry out the screw tap return action.The screw tap return information for example comprises the pitch (mm), the speed of mainshaft (RPM), screw thread kind (right-hand thread/left-hand thread) of tapping action starting position (x, y, z), screw tap etc.In the tapping action, the CPU51 of lathe 1 (with reference to Fig. 7) generates the screw tap return information according to the screw tap instruction of procedure.CPU51 is stored in the screw tap return information respectively the various storage areas 552~555 (with reference to Fig. 9) of auxiliary RAM55.When carrying out the screw tap return action, CPU51 reads in the screw tap return information, and carries out the screw tap return action according to this screw tap return information.
The below describes the required parameter of screw tap return action.As mentioned above, the lathe 1 of present embodiment can carry out two kinds of screw tap return actions.The first is the common screw tap return action that makes main shaft 9 continuous movings from the current location to the tapping till the action starting position.The second is to make the screw tap return action based on micromotion of main shaft 9 take ormal weight as the unit intermittent movement till the action starting position from the current location to the tapping.According to micromotion, lathe 1 makes the position of main shaft 9 return take ormal weight as unit, therefore, needs to set the amount of movement that returns of a micromotion.As returning amount of movement, the operator can set in the anglec of rotation any returned of the Z-direction ascending amount of main shaft 9 and main shaft 9.When the operator set ascending amount, CPU51 can calculate according to the pitchometer of the screw tap of screw tap return information the anglec of rotation of returning of main shaft 9 in the micromotion.Set when returning the anglec of rotation the operator, CPU51 can calculate according to the pitchometer of the screw tap of screw tap return information the ascending amount of main shaft 9 in the micromotion.CPU51 is according to setting ascending amount or return the anglec of rotation from the input of keyboard 12.
For example, the pitch of screw tap is set as 1mm and will returns the anglec of rotation the operator and be set as 90 when spending, main shaft 9 is by a return action rising 0.25mm (1mm/ (90 degree/360 degree)).In this case, in control was processed, as the amount of movement of unit act, CPU51 returned controlling value storage area 532 (with reference to Fig. 8) with what 0.25mm was stored in RAM53.Otherwise when the operator was set as 1mm with the pitch of screw tap and ascending amount is set as 0.25mm, main shaft 9 was by a return action 90-degree rotation.In this case, in control was processed, as the rotation amount of unit act, CPU51 was stored in 90 degree and returns controlling value storage area 532.
With reference to Fig. 7, the electric formation of numerical control device 50 is described.Numerical control device 50 comprises: microcomputer, input interface 54, input/output interface 59.Microcomputer comprises: CPU51, ROM52, RAM53, auxiliary RAM55, flash memory 57.ROM52 stores procedure.Auxiliary RAM55 is connected with accessory power supply 56.The keyboard 12 of guidance panel 10 and the Z axis origin sensor 77 of being located at main shaft 9 are electrically connected with input interface 54.Z axis origin sensor 77 is sensors that the Z axis initial point to main shaft 9 detects.Keyboard 12 comprises the axle shifting bond(s).The axle shifting bond(s) comprises: be used for making workbench 15 towards X-axis+direction or-key that direction moves, be used for making workbench 15 towards Y-axis+direction or-key that direction moves, be used for making main spindle box 7 towards Z axis+direction or-key that direction moves.
With reference to Fig. 8, the various storage areas of RAM53 are described.RAM53 comprises at least: Z axis slippage storage area 531, return controlling value storage area 532.Z axis slippage storage area 531 will make the main shaft 9 interim amount of movements that descend (below be called the Z axis slippage) be stored before carrying out initial screw tap return action.Return the various controlling values that controlling value storage area 532 is stored the screw tap return action that calculates according to the screw tap return information.
With reference to Fig. 9, the various storage areas of assisting RAM55 are described.Auxiliary RAM55 comprises at least: return information sign storage area 551, tapping action starting position storage area 552, pitch storage area 553, speed of mainshaft storage area 554, screw thread kind storage area 555.Return information sign storage area 551 storage return information signs.The starting position of tapping action starting position storage area 552 storage tapping actions.The pitch of pitch storage area 553 storage screw taps.Speed of mainshaft during the 554 storage tapping action of speed of mainshaft storage area.Screw thread kind storage area 555 storage screw taps are right-hand thread or left-hand thread.
The return information sign is the sign whether auxiliary RAM55 of expression stores the screw tap return information.When auxiliary RAM55 stored the screw tap return information, return information was masked as " 1 ".When auxiliary RAM55 did not store the screw tap return information, return information was masked as " 0 ".Auxiliary RAM55 is connected with accessory power supply 56.Even common power supply can't be to auxiliary RAM55 power supply when having a power failure, accessory power supply 56 also can be to auxiliary RAM55 power supply.Therefore, auxiliary RAM55 can keep memory contents.
With reference to Figure 10, the various storage areas of flash memory 57 are described.Flash memory 57 comprises parameter storage area 571, current location storage area 572, decision table storage area 573 at least.The parameter of parameter storage area 571 storage screw tap return actions.Z-direction ascending amount that returns the anglec of rotation or main shaft 9 of main shaft 9 etc. when the maximum principal axis rotating speed of this parameter main shaft 9 when being the screw tap return action, micromotion.The current location of current location storage area 572 storage main shafts 9.Decision table storage area 573 storages decision table described later.
Decision table is for judging that main shaft 9 is along the table of the slippage of Z-direction decline before initial screw tap return action.Decision table is stored the speed of mainshaft and Z axis slippage accordingly.The speed of mainshaft during tapping action is higher, and instrument 13 was just stronger because of the power of inertia wish rotation when the tapping action was interrupted.Therefore, the gap H between instrument 13 and the main shaft 9 becomes large.
As chart shown in Figure 16, in the present embodiment, the relation between the speed of mainshaft and the Z axis slippage is determined.Particularly, the speed of mainshaft when tapping is moved is during less than setting (for example less than 50RPM), and lathe 1 does not carry out the Z axis down maneuver (action that main shaft 9 is moved towards workpiece 30) of carrying out before initial screw tap return action.The speed of mainshaft when tapping is moved is setting when above, and lathe 1 carries out the Z axis down maneuver corresponding to the speed of mainshaft.The speed of mainshaft when tapping is moved is setting when above, and lathe 1 increases the Z axis slippage pro rata with the speed of mainshaft.Therefore, lathe 1 main shaft 9 that can descend according to the size of instrument 13 and the gap H of main shaft 9.Consequently, lathe 1 can prevent the damage of losing of instrument 13 or main shaft 9.
With reference to Figure 11 and Figure 12, screw tap return picture 40 is described.When for example processing was interrupted in the tapping action because occuring to have a power failure, in case power up, lathe 1 just became the manual operation pattern, and the display 11 of guidance panel 10 shows screw tap return picture 40 shown in Figure 11.Under the manual operation pattern, the indication that utilizes guidance panel 10 (keyboard 12 etc.) to make becomes effectively.Lathe 1 moves according to this indication.Screw tap return picture 40 comprises message display field 41 and button display field 42 in its underpart.When the return information sign storage area 551 of auxiliary RAM55 was being stored return information sign " 1 ", each storage area 552~555 of auxiliary RAM55 stored the screw tap return information.In this case, button display field 42 " returns screw tap and becomes effectively " button, " removing of screw tap return information " button at its right side partial display.
As shown in figure 12, when the operator pressed the F7 key and sets the screw tap backtrack mode, message display field 41 notified the preparation of screw tap return action to finish by display message.This message is that " come in, and the row screw tap returns (method of operating please refer to help)." etc.Message display field 41 shows [help] on the next door of message.Screw tap return picture 40 shows the message of " in the screw tap backtrack mode " above the right side of message display field 41.This message informing is this information of screw tap backtrack mode at present." screw tap is returned become effectively " button of button display field 42, " removing of screw tap return information " button all disappear.Button display field 42 shows " screw tap is returned become invalid " button above the F7 key.When removing the screw tap backtrack mode, the operator presses the F7 key.
When the operator presses the releasing key (not shown) of lower keyboard 12 and " F " key (not shown) simultaneously under showing the state of " in the screw tap backtrack mode " message, the common screw tap return action of lathe 1 execution.The operator presses when removing key and " H " key (not shown) simultaneously, and lathe 1 is carried out micromotion.
With reference to the flow chart of Figure 13, the main control processing of being undertaken by CPU51 is described.CPU51 controls lathe 1 according to the control instruction (processing instruction) of procedure.In main control was processed, lathe 1 was automatic operation mode.When the operator used guidance panel 10 Choice and process program, CPU51 read this procedure, explains a program block (S11).CPU51 judges a program block explaining, and whether screw tap instruction " G74 " is (S12).When a program block of explaining is not the screw tap instruction (S12: no), CPU51 carries out the action (S14) of appointment according to the instruction of a program block of explaining.
When a program block of explaining is the screw tap instruction (S12: be), CPU51 generates the screw tap return information according to this screw tap instruction.CPU51 is stored in each value of the screw tap return information of generation the various storage areas 552~555 (S13) of auxiliary RAM55.CPU51 is at the return information sign storage area 551 interior storage return information signs " 1 " of auxiliary RAM55.CPU51 drives loop 61,62,63,64 according to screw tap order-driven axle, by this workpiece 30 is carried out tapping action (S14).By tapping action, instrument 13 formerly is formed in the hole of workpiece 30 and forms screw thread.When instrument 13 had normally formed screw thread, CPU51 removed the screw tap return information of auxiliary RAM55 storage, makes the return information sign of return information sign storage area 551 become " 0 ".
CPU51 shifts towards following program block.CPU51 judges (S15) to this program block " M30 " that whether representation program finishes.When this program block is EP (end of program) (S15: be), the CPU51 end process.When this program block is not EP (end of program) (S15: no), CPU51 turns back to step S11, then explains next piece program block.CPU51 carries out the later processing of step S11 as described above repeatedly.
With reference to the flow chart of Figure 14, the power up processing of being undertaken by CPU51 is described.When for example processing is interrupted in the tapping action because occuring to have a power failure, namely, when being masked as " 1 " at return information, CPU51 changes to the manual operation pattern with lathe 1 from automatic operation mode when power up, shows screw tap return picture 40 (S20) shown in Figure 11 at display 11.When the operator operated the keyboard 12 of guidance panel 10, CPU51 received key input (indication) (S21).CPU51 inputs the whether setting (the F7 key of Figure 11) of screw tap backtrack mode to the key that receives and judges (S22).When the key input that receives is not the setting of screw tap backtrack mode (S22: no), CPU51 carries out the processing (S23) corresponding with various keys, end process.
When the operator presses the F7 key, that is, when the key input is the setting of screw tap backtrack mode (S22: be), CPU51 shows screw tap return picture 40 shown in Figure 12 at display 11.Whether CPU51 judges (S24) by lower shaft shifting bond(s) (not shown) to the operator.The axle shifting bond(s) is that the axle that is used to indicate main shaft 9 (main spindle box 7) moves or the key of the movement of workbench 15.When instrument 13 was bitten the state lower main axis 9 of workpiece or workbench 15 and moved, instrument 13 and workpiece may damage.Therefore, the operator is in the screw tap backtrack mode during by the lower shaft shifting bond(s) (S24: be), and it is invalid that CPU51 becomes the move by the axle move of sending by the lower shaft shifting bond(s) and workbench 15.CPU51 all forbids (S30), end process with movement, the workbench 15 of main shaft 9 along the axial movement of XY.
(S24: no when (S22: be) operator presses screw tap return key (not shown) under the state of setting the screw tap backtrack mode, S25: be), namely, when the operator pressed simultaneously releasing key and " F " key or removes key and " H " key, CPU51 carried out screw tap and returns processing (S28).
With reference to the flow chart of Figure 15, screw tap is returned processing describe.CPU51 judges (S41) to the indication that indicates whether micromotion of making by the key input.When the operator pressed releasing key and " F " key simultaneously, the indication that CPU51 receives was the indication (S41: no) of common screw tap return action.In this case, CPU51 will be stored in because of the current location that the main shaft 9 that stops is interrupted in tapping action flash memory 57 current location storage area 572 (with reference to Figure 10) (S44).
CPU51 reads screw tap return information (S45) from the various storage areas 552~555 of auxiliary RAM55.CPU51 reads the required various parameters (S46) of screw tap return action from the parameter storage area 571 of flash memory 57.When common screw tap return action, CPU51 reads the maximum principal axis rotating speed.Parameter storage area 571 is pre-stored the maximum principal axis rotating speed.When the speed of mainshaft of reading from speed of mainshaft storage area 554 surpassed the maximum principal axis rotating speed, CPU51 was stored in speed of mainshaft storage area 554 with the maximum principal axis rotating speed.
CPU51 judges whether it is that initial screw tap returns (S47) according to the screw tap Returning mark that is stored in RAM53 (with reference to Fig. 7).When the screw tap Returning mark is not established (when closing), it is that initial screw tap returns that CPU51 is judged as.When common screw tap return action, the screw tap Returning mark is not established, and therefore, is that initial screw tap returns (S47: be).The decision table that CPU51 stores with reference to decision table storage area 573 is carried out Z axis down maneuver (S48).CPU51 makes the screw tap Returning mark establish (unlatching).
As chart shown in Figure 16, in the Z axis down maneuver, the speed of mainshaft of storing at speed of mainshaft storage area 554 is setting (for example 50RPM) when above, and CPU51 sets the Z axis slippage corresponding to the speed of mainshaft.During less than setting, CPU51 does not set the Z axis slippage in the speed of mainshaft.CPU51 is stored in the Z axis slippage that sets the Z axis slippage storage area 531 of RAM53.Drive Z axis by CPU51 and drive loop 63, Z axis slippage along Z-direction towards workpiece 30 declines of main shaft 9 to set.
The Z axis down maneuver is effective especially when main shaft 9 carries out the tapping action with high rotating speed.In this case, may between main shaft 9 and instrument 13, produce gap H (with reference to Fig. 3).Descend by main shaft 9, can eliminate this gap H.Therefore, returning when making main shaft 9 rotation for carrying out screw tap, instrument 13 can not thrown off from main shaft 9.The speed of mainshaft that CPU51 stores according to speed of mainshaft storage area 554 is set the Z axis slippage.Therefore, main shaft 9 can descend according to instrument 13 size with the gap of main shaft 9, can prevent the damage with main shaft 9 lost of instrument 13.
CPU51 is according to the current location (x of screw tap return information, main shaft 9, y, z), the Z axis slippage determines to make the position of main shaft 9 after descend along Z-direction to reset to Z-direction ascending amount, the speed of mainshaft, the main shaft direction of rotation of the required main shaft 9 in tapping action starting position.The current location storage area 572 of flash memory 57 stores the current location of main shaft 9.The Z axis slippage storage area 531 of RAM53 stores the Z axis slippage.The value that CPU51 will represent respectively determined ascending amount, the speed of mainshaft, main shaft direction of rotation is returned controlling value storage area 532 as what the controlling value of common screw tap return action was stored in RAM53.CPU51 generates screw tap return instruction (S49) according to this controlling value.
CPU51 carries out common screw tap return action (S50) according to the screw tap return instruction that generates.In common screw tap return action, while main shaft 9 rotates continuously rising from the position after descending along Z-direction till tapping action starting position, by this, puller 13 from workpiece 30.CPU51 shifts towards the processing of the step S29 of Figure 14.
When workpiece was the material of the softness as aluminium, even main shaft 9 stops because for example having a power failure, instrument 13 also can be because of the rotation of inertia wish.Therefore, instrument 13 can be bitten workpiece 30 sometimes.In this case, if carry out common screw tap return action, then instrument 13 can be thrown off from main shaft 9 under the state of biting workpiece 30, and generating tool 13 is lost or the impaired situation of tool holding mechanism (not shown) of main shaft 9 inside sometimes.Therefore, when workpiece was the material of softness, the operator also can select micromotion.
Depress simultaneously the releasing key with " H " key, when selecting micromotion (S41: be) the operator, CPU51 reads screw tap return information (S42) from the various storage areas 552~555 of auxiliary RAM55.CPU51 reads the required various parameters (S43) of micromotion from the parameter storage area 571 of flash memory 57.CPU51 reads the maximum principal axis rotating speed.When the speed of mainshaft of reading from speed of mainshaft storage area 554 surpassed the maximum principal axis rotating speed, CPU51 was stored in speed of mainshaft storage area 554 with the maximum principal axis rotating speed.CPU51 reads the Z-direction ascending amount that returns the anglec of rotation or main shaft 9 of main shaft 9.The Z-direction ascending amount that returns the anglec of rotation or main shaft 9 of main shaft 9 is as once returning amount of movement and set by the operator in the micromotion.
CPU51 calculates the rotation amount of the main shaft 9 that rotates in the amount of movement of the main shaft 9 that rises in return action or the return action according to the Z-direction ascending amount that returns the anglec of rotation or main shaft 9 of screw tap return information, main shaft 9.CPU51 returns the Z-direction ascending amount that returns the anglec of rotation or main shaft 9 of main shaft 9, the amount of movement that calculates or rotation amount, the speed of mainshaft, main shaft direction of rotation to controlling value storage area 532 (with reference to Fig. 8) as what the controlling value of micromotion was stored in RAM53.
CPU51 judges (S47) to whether initial screw tap returns.When the screw tap Returning mark is not established (when closing), be that initial screw tap returns (S47: be).The decision table that CPU51 stores with reference to decision table storage area 573 is with the above-mentioned Z axis down maneuver (S48) of carrying out the samely.CPU51 makes the screw tap Returning mark establish (unlatching).
The CPU51 basis is returned the controlling value generation screw tap instruction (S49) that controlling value storage area 532 is stored.CPU51 carries out micromotion (S50) according to the screw tap instruction.In micromotion, main shaft 9 does not rise to tapping action starting position quickly, but the rising ormal weight.Therefore, the operator can confirm the situation of instrument 13 and workpiece 30.By main shaft 9 rising ormal weights, a micromotion finishes.CPU51 shifts towards the processing of the step S29 of Figure 14.When the screw tap Returning mark is established (during unlatching), be not initial micromotion (S47: no), therefore, CPU51 does not carry out the Z axis down maneuver.The CPU51 basis is returned the controlling value generation screw tap return instruction (S49) that controlling value storage area 532 is stored.CPU51 carries out micromotion (S50) according to the screw tap return instruction.CPU51 shifts towards the processing of the step S29 of Figure 14.
As shown in figure 14, return processing (S28) afterwards at screw tap, whether CPU51 resets to tapping action starting position to main shaft 9 is judged (S29).Particularly, whether CPU51 arrives tapping action starting position to the current location of main shaft 9 and judges.The tapping action starting position storage area 552 of auxiliary RAM55 stores tapping action starting position.When being judged as main shaft 9 and resetting to tapping action starting position (S29: be), screw tap return information and screw tap Returning mark that CPU51 will assist RAM55 to store are removed (S27), end process.
In micromotion, when being judged as main shaft 9 and not resetting to tapping action starting position (S29: no), the CPU51 end process.When the operator depressed releasing key and " H " key again after processing finishes, CPU51 carried out above-mentioned key input processing (S21, S22, S24, S25, S28).CPU51 generates instruction according to identical screw tap and carries out micromotion (S41~S43, S47, S49, S50).Carry out this operation by the operator, main shaft 9 rises off and on.Therefore, while the operator can confirm that the situation of instrument 13 and workpiece 30 carries out the screw tap return action.Before main shaft 9 reset to tapping action starting position, CPU51 did not remove the screw tap Returning mark.Therefore, CPU51 carries out micromotion in the situation that do not carry out the Z axis down maneuver.When main shaft 9 resets to tapping action starting position (S29: be), CPU51 will assist the screw tap return information that RAM55 stores, the screw tap Returning mark that RAM53 stores to remove (S27), end process.
(S22: be) operator presses be used to screw tap being returned become invalid key (S24: no when being F7 (with reference to Figure 12) in the screw tap backtrack mode, S25: no, S26: be), CPU51 switches to the demonstration of display 11 picture (S27) of Figure 11, end process.When (S22: be) operator does not press in lower shaft shifting bond(s), screw tap return key, the cancel key any in the screw tap backtrack mode, the CPU51 end process.
In the above description, ROM52 is equivalent to " storage part " of the present invention.The keyboard 12 that comprises the axle shifting bond(s) is equivalent to " mobile instruction unit " of the present invention.Auxiliary RAM55 is equivalent to " processing command storage unit " of the present invention and " instrument is extracted the Information sign storage part ".The CPU51 that carries out the processing of step S20 shown in Figure 14 is equivalent to " mode setting part " of the present invention.The CPU51 that carries out the processing of step S30 shown in Figure 14 is equivalent to " mobile invalid section ".The CPU51 that carries out the processing of step S13 shown in Figure 13 is equivalent to " processing instruction stores processor section " of the present invention.The CPU51 that carries out the processing of step S49 shown in Figure 15 is equivalent to " move generating unit " of the present invention.The CPU51 of the processing of execution in step S42, S43, S49, S50 is equivalent to " micromotion enforcement division " of the present invention.The CPU51 that makes the return information sign open or close after step S13 shown in Figure 13 and step S14 is equivalent to " instrument is extracted the Information sign handling part " of the present invention.CPU51 and F6 key, the F7 key shown in Figure 11 of carrying out the processing of step S22 shown in Figure 14 are equivalent to " instrument pull action configuration part " of the present invention.The keyboard 12 that the anglec of rotation is returned in setting is equivalent to " rotation amount configuration part " of the present invention.Processing via step S42 shown in Figure 15, S43 comes the CPU51 of the amount of movement of unit of account action to be equivalent to " amount of movement calculating part " of the present invention.
As mentioned above, in the numerical control device 50 of present embodiment, CPU51 is stored in the screw tap return information auxiliary RAM55 in tapping action.In tapping action when having no progeny power up in for example having a power failure, when auxiliary RAM55 stores the screw tap return information, while the screw tap return action that CPU51 execution main shaft 9 reverses and rises.When carrying out the screw tap return action, it is invalid to become by the move of sending by lower shaft shifting bond(s) (keyboard 12).The axle shifting bond(s) is the key that the Z-direction that is used to indicate main spindle box 7 (main shaft 9) moves or the XY direction of principal axis of workbench 15 moves.Therefore, even get the operation of screw tap return action wrong and when pressing lower shaft shifting bond(s) (keyboard 12), main shaft 9 or workbench 15 are also mobile the operator.Therefore, numerical control device 50 can prevent from causing instrument 13 or workpiece 30 damages because of moving of main shaft 9 or workbench 15.
In the numerical control device 50 of present embodiment, during power up, CPU51 can make main shaft 9 take the micromotion of ormal weight as the unit intermittent movement when carrying out the screw tap return action after tapping action is interrupted.In micromotion, main shaft 9 stops at the position that sets low than tapping action start bit by once moving.Work numerical control device 50 is by carrying out off and on micromotion, can be from workpiece 30 puller 13.The operator can carry out the screw tap return action while the state of confirming workpiece 30 and instrument 13.
Numerical control device of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, can carry out various distortion.For example, in the above-described embodiment, when carrying out initial screw tap and return, the speed of mainshaft when main shaft 9 can move according to tapping sometimes and rising behind interim decline.In variation, also can omit the down maneuver of main shaft 9.
In the above-described embodiment, the decision table that CPU51 stores with reference to flash memory 57, the speed of mainshaft when moving according to tapping is determined the Z axis slippage in the initial micromotion.The speed of mainshaft when Z axis slippage also can be moved with tapping has nothing to do and is preseted by the operator.
In the above-described embodiment, when main shaft 9 was equipped with screw tap and is instrument 13, it is invalid that CPU51 makes the move by the move of the main shaft 9 that sends by the lower shaft shifting bond(s) and workbench 15 become in the screw tap return action.Except this example, can be instrument when being installed on main shaft 9 at the drill bit that will carry out perforate processing also, it is invalid that CPU51 becomes the move by the move of the main shaft 9 that sends by the lower shaft shifting bond(s) and workbench 15.
In the lathe 1 of above-mentioned embodiment, main shaft 9 can only move along Z-direction, and workbench 15 moves along the XY direction of principal axis.The present invention also can be applicable to the lathe that the position of workbench 15 is fixed, main shaft 9 moves along the XYZ direction of principal axis.In above-mentioned lathe, when pressing the lower shaft shifting bond(s), only have main shaft 9 (main spindle box 7) mobile, and workpiece is not mobile.
The lathe 1 of above-mentioned embodiment is vertical machining center.The present invention also can be applicable to horizontal machining center.
The storage medium of storage control program also can be CD-ROM, floppy disk, can insert the program cartridge of card slot, the file server on the internet etc. except the elements such as ROM, RAM.
In the above-described embodiment, in the processing of step S30 shown in Figure 14, CPU51 forbid the movement of main shaft 9 and workbench 15 towards with the axial movement of XY of the rotating shaft quadrature of main shaft 9.When the operator pressed Z axis shifting bond(s) (not shown), CPU51 also can only allow the Z-direction of main shaft 9 to move.For example, forbid processing as movement shown in Figure 17, CPU51 to the operator whether the Z axis shifting bond(s) (not shown) of push panel 10 judge (S310).When the operator does not press the Z axis shifting bond(s) (S310: no), CPU51 forbids that workbench 15 moves (S330) towards the XY direction of principal axis.When the operator presses the Z axis shifting bond(s) (S310: be), CPU51 only allows the Z-direction of main shaft 9 to move (S320).The operator can make according to the situation of workpiece and instrument main shaft 9 move along Z-direction.
Claims (7)
1. numerical control device, it is the numerical control device that carries out numerical control of machine tools, described lathe can operate under at least two kinds of patterns, these at least two kinds of patterns comprise: the automatic operation mode of using the instrument that is installed on main shaft that workpiece is processed according to the processing instruction of pre-stored procedure in storage part, from the input of mobile instruction unit make that at least one party described instrument and the described workpiece moves be designated as the manual operation pattern of moving based on this indication when effective, when described processing is interrupted under described automatic operation mode, described lathe carries out extracting from described workpiece the instrument pull action of described instrument under described manual operation pattern, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Mode setting part is had no progeny in described processing, and described mode setting part changes to described manual operation pattern with described lathe from described automatic operation mode; And
Mobile invalid section, change at described mode setting part under the state of described manual operation pattern, when having inputted the indication that at least one party that makes described instrument and the described workpiece moves towards the direction with the rotating shaft quadrature of described instrument from described mobile instruction unit, invalid of described movement so that this indication become invalid.
2. numerical control device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described instrument is screw tap,
Described processing is the tapping action that forms screw thread at described workpiece,
Also comprise processing instruction stores processor section, when described lathe carries out described tapping action according to described processing instruction under described automatic operation mode, as the information relevant with described processing instruction, described processing instruction stores processor section's generation instrument relevant with described instrument pull action extracted information and it is stored in the processing command storage unit
When described processing command storage unit stored instrument and extracts information, described mode setting part changed to described manual operation pattern.
3. numerical control device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described numerical control device also comprises:
The move generating unit, instruction as described instrument pull action, described move generating unit generates move, and this move makes the interruption position that described main shaft interrupts from described processing move to the reset position that described screw tap leaves from described workpiece by the front rotation of described main shaft and described processing interruption is oppositely rotated; And
The micromotion enforcement division, when described move generating unit generates described move, described micromotion enforcement division is carried out micromotion, in this micromotion, make described main axle moving unit act amount of movement or make the rotation amount of unit act of described main shaft counter-rotating less from the rotation amount that described interruption position moves to the amount of movement of the required described main shaft of described reset position or described main shaft than making described screw tap.
4. numerical control device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that,
The described instrument that described micromotion enforcement division is stored according to described processing command storage unit is extracted the described micromotion of information and executing.
5. numerical control device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Instrument is extracted the Information sign storage part, and this instrument is extracted the Information sign storage portion stores and represented that the instrument that has or not described instrument to extract information extracts Information sign;
Instrument is extracted the Information sign handling part, when described lathe carries out described tapping action under described automatic operation mode, described instrument is extracted the Information sign handling part described instrument is extracted the Information sign unlatching, when described tapping release, described instrument extracts the Information sign handling part and described instrument is extracted Information sign cuts out; And
Instrument pull action configuration part, when described instrument pull action was masked as unlatching, described instrument pull action configuration part can be set as described instrument pull action effective or invalid.
6. such as each described numerical control device in the claim 3 to 5, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
The rotation amount configuration part, the described rotation amount of described unit act when described micromotion is set in this rotation amount configuration part; And
The amount of movement calculating part, the described rotation amount that this amount of movement calculating part sets according to described rotation amount configuration part, the amount of movement of described unit act when the pitch of described screw tap is calculated described micromotion.
7. such as claim 4 or 5 described numerical control devices, it is characterized in that,
The described instrument information of extracting comprises:
The information of the pitch of described screw tap be pitch information,
The information of the rotating speed of described main shaft be rotary speed information,
Represent that described screw tap is that right-hand thread or the information of left-hand thread are screw thread information.
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JP2009236496A JP2011086001A (en) | 2009-10-13 | 2009-10-13 | Numerical controller, control program, and storage medium |
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TWI451932B (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2014-09-11 | Nat Univ Chung Cheng | Locally reinforced learning control for rigid tapping |
CN103862118B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2016-06-15 | 安川电机(沈阳)有限公司 | Numerical control device |
JP6299527B2 (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2018-03-28 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | Numerical control device and control method |
JP6506199B2 (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2019-04-24 | ファナック株式会社 | Machine Tools |
JP6407947B2 (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-10-17 | ファナック株式会社 | Numerical controller |
CN108436201A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-08-24 | 珠海格力智能装备有限公司 | Rollback method for rigid tapping |
CN111045396A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | One-key origin point returning method for domestic numerical control machining center Fanuc operating system |
CN112548235B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-12-07 | 博峰汽配科技(芜湖)有限公司 | Plate processing tapping machining bed capable of being fixed in multi-directional positioning mode |
CN117506498B (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-04-05 | 杭州三奥智能科技有限公司 | Shaft workpiece key groove positioning device |
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