CN102027861B - Living skin grafting method for woody plant - Google Patents
Living skin grafting method for woody plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN102027861B CN102027861B CN200910177279XA CN200910177279A CN102027861B CN 102027861 B CN102027861 B CN 102027861B CN 200910177279X A CN200910177279X A CN 200910177279XA CN 200910177279 A CN200910177279 A CN 200910177279A CN 102027861 B CN102027861 B CN 102027861B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 46
- 240000001987 Pyrus communis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000005001 Paeonia suffruticosa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000003889 Paeonia suffruticosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000279690 Ixora pavetta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000294611 Punica granatum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014360 Punica granatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000003152 Rhus chinensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014220 Rhus chinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000247747 Coptis groenlandica Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002991 Coptis groenlandica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000029663 wound healing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006266 hibernation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001450685 Corallium japonicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000736199 Paeonia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006484 Paeonia officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000432 Pistacia chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014123 Pistacia chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004292 Pistacia texana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000289433 Pistacia texana Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002520 cambial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a living skin grafting method for a woody plant. The method is implemented in spring or autumn. The method comprises the following steps of: cutting a stock: vertically cutting a bast and stock forming layer matrix with length of about 2 centimeters at the grafted part of the stock to form a joint face with length of about 2 centimeters, and cutting a notch along the upper and lower ends of the joint face respectively; cutting a scion: cutting off a section of plant skin with buds, cutting a scion wood layer on the plant skin and a contact face contacted with the scion wood layer on a scion forming layer, and trimming the upper and lower ends of the plant skin into two tips; and grafting: inserting the scion into the stock, embedding the two tips of the plant skin on the scion below the two notches, and then winding the scion and fastening the scion on the stock. According to the grafting method provided by the invention, the stock is mutually contacted with the part closing the wood layer on the forming layer on the scion to perform grafting in a plant dormancy period, so the plant grafting survival rate is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plant cultivation method, be specifically related to the live body skin-grafting grafting method of a kind of woody plant.
Background technology
Grafting is the method for a kind of artificial culture plant commonly used; Promptly a plant species the branch or the bud grafting on the stem or root of another kind of plant; Make two cambium of hindering face near and tighten together, the result is because of hyperplasia, healing becomes the integral body that vascular tissue links together each other.Wherein, said branch or the bud that connects is called scion; The plant corpus that is connect is called stock.Become the top or the top of plant corpus after the scion grafting, become the root system part of plant corpus behind the stock grafting.
Grafting has multiple sorting technique.Can be divided into by drawing materials of scion: scion grafting and bud grafting, said scion grafting is mainly carried out in resting stage, and said bud grafting is generally carried out in summer, is commonly called as " hot ixoderm ", is to use grafting method the most widely.Yet summer annual vitality is strong, and is therefore more serious to allosome plant rejection phenomenon, causes present bud take lower, and the highest to 80%.
The inventor discovers through carefulness; Cause the low reason of bud take on the one hand except that outside the Pass seriously having with the summer annual rejection phenomenon; Also relevant with the cutting way of stock and scion; As shown in Figure 1, for typical shrub plant limb generalized section, comprise bast zone 11, cambium 12, layer of wood 13 and plant marrow 14 from outside to inside successively.When grafting, the cambium of stock and scion is in contact with one another to reach heals into purpose alive, be common practise of the prior art.
Yet, in existing process of cutting stock and cut-grafting fringe, generally be divided into following several kinds of situation.Like T type bud grafting method, be the edge of a knife that cutting one is deep to layer of wood on stock, when cutting bud, the layer of wood on the bud skin is removed, bud cutting is received carry out grafting in this edge of a knife then.Perhaps, stock and bud all cut to both cambium are come out, then both are contacted the completion grafting.
When carrying out above-mentioned grafting summer, if damaged layer of wood according to T type bud grafting method, then the plant healing effect is bad.If according to second method, be cut to the cambium that makes stock and scion and come out when being in contact with one another, then wound healing is slow, survival rate is low owing to too strongly therefore plant rejection phenomenon this moment causes, and perhaps becomes back alive growing way relatively poor.
Consider that there is shortcoming as above in prior art, need provide a kind of grafting method that improves graft survival rate.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides the live body skin-grafting grafting method of a kind of woody plant, through this grafting method, improves the plant graft survival rate.
In order to solve above technical problem, the present invention provides the live body skin-grafting grafting method of a kind of woody plant, comprising:
Cut stock: vertically cut away bast and the stock cambium matrix that is about 2cm in the grafting part of stock; Keeping the contact-making surface that contacts with said stock layer of wood on stock layer of wood and the stock cambium on the said stock; Form a binding face that is about 2cm; An otch is upwards cut in upper end along said binding face, cuts second otch along the lower ends downward of said binding face;
The cut-grafting fringe: the end skin-grafting that will have bud is downcut; Cut away on scion layer of wood and the scion cambium in the said skin-grafting and the contacted contact-making surface of said scion layer of wood; Two ends up and down with said skin-grafting are trimmed to two tips then, make the area of the binding face on area and the said stock between said two tips corresponding;
Grafting: said scion is plugged on the said stock, make two tips of the skin-grafting in the said scion bury respectively said two otch below, and position and the binding face on the said stock between said two tips in the scion are fitted;
Wrap up: said scion is twined to roll being fastened on the said stock.
Preferably, be to implement said live body skin-grafting grafting method under 20 ℃～22 ℃ the condition in environmental temperature.
Preferably, the diameter of said stock be 0.7cm or more than.
Preferably, the bud in the said scion is the full bud of growing way.
Preferably, said stock is living plant trunk or sturdy branch then.
Preferably, said stock is the root top of the plant in 1 year～2 years.
Preferably, said woody plant comprises tree peony tree, coptis tree, happy fruit tree, Chinese sumac, torch tree, Oak Tree, apple tree, pear tree, pomegranate tree, vine.
Preferably, the width of said binding face is 1cm～1.5cm.
The present invention provides the live body skin-grafting grafting method of a kind of woody plant, and this method was implemented in spring or autumn, and this moment, plant was in hibernation.In this method, remaining with on the laminating layer of stock on stock layer of wood and the stock cambium and the contacted contact-making surface of said stock layer of wood, and forming two otch at the two ends up and down of binding face; Corresponding, getting rid of in the skin-grafting of scion on scion layer of wood and the scion cambium and the contacted contact-making surface of said scion layer of wood, and with two tips of formation, two ends up and down of plant peel.During grafting, fitted in the position at two tips of stock layer of wood and scion skin-grafting, and two tips are buried between two otch of stock binding face.During plant dormancy, plant is less to the repulsion of allosome plant, and the position near layer of wood is in contact with one another on the cambium of stock and scion, helps improving survival rate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is typical pear tree limb cross-sectional structure sketch map;
Fig. 2 is the sketch map of stock structure;
Fig. 3 is the sketch map of scion structure.
Embodiment
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, describe just to further specifying feature and advantage of the present invention but should be appreciated that these, rather than to the restriction of claim of the present invention.
According to the present invention; Said woody plant preferably includes shrub plant and magaphanerophytes, and the object lesson of said shrub plant can be tree peony, Chinese pistache, American pistachios, Chinese sumac, torch tree, Oak Tree, vine, but is not limited thereto; Said magaphanerophytes comprises pear tree, apple tree, pomegranate tree; But be not limited thereto, the concrete kind of said tree peony comprises that Yao is yellow, pea green, coal shines, Luoyang is red, Zhao's powder, but is not limited thereto.
Live body skin-grafting grafting method according to the invention preferably carries out under the condition of 20 ℃～22 ℃ of environmental temperatures, and ambient humidity is preferably 60%～80%.
The spring or the autumn in live body skin-grafting grafting method according to the invention area to the north of Chinese Huaihe River carry out, and in these two seasons, plant growing is in hibernation, so plant is less to the repulsion of allosome plant.And central principle of the present invention is the grafting part of selecting is to get rid of position with the contact-making surface of layer of wood as the applying position on the cambium of stock and scion; This position particular location is as shown in Figure 1-be about to the position of getting rid of the contact-making surface 12a that contacts with layer of wood 13 on the cambium 12; This position is less to the repulsion of allosome plant at spring and autumn; But very vigorous vitality is but arranged, therefore help improving survival rate.According to those skilled in the art's general knowledge, the contact-making surface 12a that contacts with layer of wood 13 on the said cambium 12 is meant the shiny surface of adjacent layer of wood on the cambium.The inventor finds, this shiny surface itself is owing near layer of wood, and is unfavorable for grafting survival; Position near this shiny surface on the cambium helps grafting survival most; Experimental result has also proved this point, therefore when cutting stock, on stock, keeps this shiny surface; And when the cutting scion, remove this shiny surface on the cambium.
Since cambial thinner thickness, this kind mode operating difficulties, but when cutting stock and scion; Should reach above-mentioned requirements as far as possible, promptly when the cutting stock, said shiny surface is retained on the layer of wood; And when the cutting scion, the shiny surface that said one deck is very thin scrapes as far as possible.
In addition; Another key point of the present invention is at the two ends up and down at stock grafting position two otch to be set respectively; Make the two ends of scion skin be embedded in this two otch the insides respectively, when not increasing the plant wound area, make the grafting part of scion skin and stock keep excellent contact like this; Increase contact area, help grafting part growth healing.
Embodiment 1
Grafting time is 4 o'clock of afternoon mid-March, and the grafting place is the Songxian County, Luoyang, and the temperature during grafting is 21 ℃, and humidity is 75%;
Stock cutting: as shown in Figure 2; Get branch that apple tree gives birth to 0.8mm then as stock; The plant peel of vertically removing long 2cm, wide 1cm at stock 21 forms a binding face 21a, in this process, keeps on stock layer of wood and the stock cambium on the said binding face and the contacted contact-making surface of said stock layer of wood; Cut two otch 21b, the 21c of two wide 1cm, dark 1cm then respectively at the two ends up and down of said binding face, otch does not destroy the stock layer of wood;
Scion cutting: as shown in Figure 3; One end that will have the sprouting 22 that pear tree gives birth to then is about the skin-grafting cutting-out of 3.6cm, wide about 1cm; During cutting; Remove on skin-grafting layer of wood and the skin-grafting cambium under the said skin-grafting 23 and the contacted contact-making surface of said skin-grafting layer of wood, the two ends up and down of pruning said skin-grafting then form two most advanced and sophisticated 23a, 23b that are about 0.8cm, obtain scion:
Grafting: said scion is plugged on the stock; Position and the binding face on the said stock between two tips of said scion are fitted tightly, and two tips of said scion are buried below two the otch 21b up and down, 21c of the binding face of 23a, the said stock of 23b;
Wrapping: with cotton cord said scion is lashed on the said stock, bud is exposed to the outside, after the wound healing bud becomes to live, remove cotton cord.
The scion sprouting is long to 30cm after 20 days, and wound healing is good.
According to said process, grafting 500 strains, 472 strains that become to live, survival rate is 94.4%.
Embodiment 2
Grafting time is 4 o'clock of afternoon mid-March, and the grafting place is the Songxian County, Luoyang, and the temperature during grafting is 21 ℃, and humidity is 75%;
Stock cutting: get branch that Yao Huangmudanshu gives birth to 0.8mm then as stock; The plant peel of vertically removing long 2cm, wide 1cm at stock forms a binding face; In this process; Keep on stock layer of wood and the stock cambium on the said binding face and the contacted contact-making surface of said stock layer of wood, cut two otch of two wide 1cm, dark 1cm then at the two ends up and down of said binding face respectively, otch does not destroy the stock layer of wood;
Scion cutting: the end of the sprouting that Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye platform red peony tree is given birth to then is about the skin-grafting cutting-out of 3.6cm, wide about 1cm; During cutting; Remove under the said skin-grafting the skin-grafting layer of wood with the skin-grafting cambium on the contacted contact-making surface of said skin-grafting layer of wood; The two ends up and down of pruning said skin-grafting then form two tips that are about 0.8cm, obtain scion;
Grafting: said scion is plugged on the stock, position and the binding face on the said stock between two tips of said scion are fitted tightly, and two tips of said scion are buried below two otch up and down of binding face of said stock;
Wrapping: with cotton cord said scion is lashed on the said stock, bud is exposed to the outside, after the wound healing bud becomes to live, remove cotton cord.
The scion sprouting is long to 30cm after 20 days, and wound healing is good.
According to said process, grafting 500 strains, 468 strains that become to live, survival rate is 93.6%.
More than provide the live body skin-grafting grafting method of woody plant to carry out detailed introduction to the present invention.Used specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the live body of a woody plant skin-grafting grafting method was implemented in spring or autumn, comprising:
Cut stock: vertically cut away bast and the stock cambium matrix that is about 2cm in the grafting part of stock; Keeping the contact-making surface that contacts with said stock layer of wood on stock layer of wood and the stock cambium on the said stock; Form a binding face that is about 2cm; An otch is upwards cut in upper end along said binding face, cuts second otch along the lower ends downward of said binding face;
The cut-grafting fringe: one section skin-grafting that will have bud is downcut; Cut away on scion layer of wood and the scion cambium in the said skin-grafting and the contacted contact-making surface of said scion layer of wood; Two ends up and down with said skin-grafting are trimmed to two tips then, make the area of the binding face on area and the said stock between said two tips corresponding;
Grafting: said scion is plugged on the said stock, make two tips of the skin-grafting in the said scion bury respectively said two otch below, and position and the binding face on the said stock between said two tips in the scion are fitted;
Wrapping: said scion tied up be fastened on the said stock.
2. the live body of woody plant according to claim 1 skin-grafting grafting method is characterized in that, in environmental temperature is to implement said live body skin-grafting grafting method under 20 ℃～22 ℃ the condition.
3. the live body of woody plant according to claim 1 and 2 skin-grafting grafting method is characterized in that, the diameter of said stock be 0.7cm or more than.
4. the live body of woody plant according to claim 2 skin-grafting grafting method is characterized in that, said stock is living plant trunk or slightly shape branch then.
5. the live body of woody plant according to claim 2 skin-grafting grafting method is characterized in that said stock is the root top of the nursery stock in 1 year～2 years.
6. the live body of woody plant according to claim 2 skin-grafting grafting method is characterized in that, said woody plant comprises tree peony tree, coptis tree, happy fruit tree, Chinese sumac, torch tree, Oak Tree, apple tree, pear tree, pomegranate tree, vine.
7. the live body of woody plant according to claim 1 skin-grafting grafting method is characterized in that the width of said binding face is 1cm～1.5cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910177279XA CN102027861B (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2009-09-29 | Living skin grafting method for woody plant |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910177279XA CN102027861B (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2009-09-29 | Living skin grafting method for woody plant |
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| CN102027861A CN102027861A (en) | 2011-04-27 |
| CN102027861B true CN102027861B (en) | 2012-06-27 |
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| CN200910177279XA Expired - Fee Related CN102027861B (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2009-09-29 | Living skin grafting method for woody plant |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104145724A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-11-19 | 山东农业大学 | Method for two-person relay grafting of apple roots |
| CN104221731A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-24 | 郎溪庆林生态特色农业观光园有限公司 | Rapid grafting planting method for peony |
| CN105027995B (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2017-08-25 | 江苏省农业科学院 | The method planted is changed in a kind of advanced age pear tree improvement |
| CN108718747A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-02 | 郴州市林业科学研究所 | North America Oak Tree method for culturing seedlings |
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2009
- 2009-09-29 CN CN200910177279XA patent/CN102027861B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 汪秋更等.果树嵌芽接技术研究报告.《烟台果树》.2003,(第3期),第17-18页. * |
| 汪秋更等.核桃树长方块芽接技术.《农家参谋》.2005,(第5期),第20页. * |
| 赵占军等.植皮桥接防治枣树甲口不愈合技术.《山西果树》.2008,(第3期),第52页. * |
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