CN102022134B - Drilling, pressing and vibrating combined pressure-relieving coal bed gas exploitation method - Google Patents

Drilling, pressing and vibrating combined pressure-relieving coal bed gas exploitation method Download PDF

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CN102022134B
CN102022134B CN201010545678XA CN201010545678A CN102022134B CN 102022134 B CN102022134 B CN 102022134B CN 201010545678X A CN201010545678X A CN 201010545678XA CN 201010545678 A CN201010545678 A CN 201010545678A CN 102022134 B CN102022134 B CN 102022134B
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hole
vibration
pressure
coal bed
coal seam
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CN102022134A (en
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冯立杰
姜光杰
陈党义
李朝辉
王金凤
胡新平
王慧智
刘振锋
翟雪琪
邓珺
邓波
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Henan Dikal Electromechanical Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd
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Zhengzhou University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling, pressing and vibrating combined pressure-relieving coal bed gas exploitation method, which comprises: drilling holes at the positions of vibration holes (2) and fracturing holes (3), which are distributed one by one, by using known tool and technology; on the fracturing holes (3), fracturing a coal bed (1) by using fracturing equipment of which the outside diameter is matched with the aperture of the fracturing holes (3) and by a pressure higher than a stratum cracking pressure, and after the fracturing, starting vibration equipment to allow the vibration equipment to perform continuous vibration operation in the vibration holes (2) at a proper vibration frequency; and mounting gas production equipment on the fracturing holes (3), and relieving pressure of the coal bed (1) and drainage coal bed gas by using the conventional method. In the invention, the flowing state of the coal bed gas in the coal bed (1) is improved; and the coal bed is subjected to alternating tensile stress and pressure stress so that the coal bed gas can desorbs, diffuse and flow from micropores, which creates a good condition for the internal pressure relief and coal bed gas release and flowing and increases the drainage efficiency of the coal bed gas.

Description

Trinity release method for exploiting coal bed methane bores, presses, shakes
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal-bed gas exploitation technology field, the particularly a kind of brill of high gas low permeability coal seam, Trinity release method for exploiting coal bed methane of pressing, shake of being applicable to.
Background technology
Contain a large amount of coal bed gas in the coal seam, be called gas again, it is not only valuable resource, also is the important component part that coal and gas are given prominence to potential in the underground mining of colliery, and its main component is a methane.China is coal resources big countries, and along with the high speed development and the scale of coal industry increases suddenly, gas emission increases, and this coal mining accident outstanding, that blast causes of invar rises rapidly.Yet coal bed gas is again the fuel of a kind of high-quality, cleaning, if reasonably developed, reclaim and utilize, not only can reduce the generation of coal mining accident, ensures the ordinary production in colliery, can also solve the problem of China's energy scarcity.About 36 tcms of the coal bed gas resource amount of China, this numerical value is suitable with the natural gas resource amount.China successfully realizes technology such as mined bed extraction coal bed gas, adjacent layer extraction coal bed gas, goaf extraction coal bed gas, country rock extraction coal bed gas; And in the protrusion-dispelling of territory, large, medium and small moulded coal mining area, the whole nation, obtained widely using, in coal bed gas extraction, control gas explosion with reduce coal and obtained some effects aspect giving prominence to gas.Because China's ocurrence of coal seam complicated geological condition; Gas bearing capacity is high, and the permeability in coal seam is low, so bigger difficulty aspect the coal bed gas extraction, occurs; Though also adopted some to improve the method for seam mining efficient at present in high gas hypotonicity coal seam, its specific adaptations condition respectively arranged.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of brill of high gas low permeability coal seam, Trinity release method for exploiting coal bed methane of pressing, shake of being applicable to; High pressure fracturing process, method for oscillating are combined with drilling construction; Pressure break and vibration service are carried out in the coal seam, increase the extraction efficient of coal bed gas in the coal seam.
The object of the invention can be realized through following technique measures (step):
The present invention combines high pressure fracturing process, method for oscillating with drilling construction, through pressure break hole and vibration hole are set in the coal seam, drive the crack that occurs after the original or pressure break in the coal seam; Widen and stretch these cracks, and then in the coal seam, produce more secondary fracture and crack, improve the flow regime of coal bed gas in the coal seam; Increase the gas permeability of coal bed gas in the coal seam, simultaneously, according to the action principle of mechanical oscillation; In the coal seam, implement vibration service, changed the physical and mechanical properties in coal seam, thereby reduce coal increases coal bed gas to the adsorbance of coal bed gas desorption quantity; Improve the coal seam permeability, increase the extraction efficient of coal bed gas in the coal seam.
(1) the at first physical characteristic of detail knowledge extraction target coal seam and tectonic characteristics in case of necessity, cooperate test measures such as geodetic stress;
(2) on said coal seam, select one or more hardness are high relatively or density is big relatively orientation as along layer or wear a layer vibration Kong Kongwei, simultaneously, suitably distance is arranged position, hole, one or more pressure breaks hole around each vibration Kong Kongwei;
(3) then; Adopt the known means technology one by one bore operation to be implemented in vibration Kong Kongwei and the position, hole, pressure break hole arranged; The degree of depth that the pressure break hole gets into the coal seam should satisfy safe sealing of hole requirement; The degree of depth that said vibration hole gets into the coal seam should be determined by the tectonic characteristics in coal seam, is prerequisite not bring out gas outstanding after the sealing of hole vibration, and the aperture in vibration hole should be slightly larger than the vibratory equipment external diameter;
(4) after vibration hole and pressure break hole are accomplished fluently; Utilize mounting rod explosion-proof or intrinsic safety type vibratory equipment to be inserted at the bottom of the hole in vibration hole; Top and each fixing fastening devices of bottom at vibratory equipment; And fill with couplant in the gap between vibratory equipment and vibration hole, utilize sealing device to seal in the aperture in vibration hole then;
(5) confirm that the sealing of vibration hole is errorless after, on the pressure break hole, the fracturing unit that adopts external diameter and aperture, pressure break hole to be complementary; To be higher than formation fracture pressure fracturing work is carried out in the coal seam, when pressure in the pressure break hole reaches certain pressure, keep this pressure a period of time; When pressing in the pressure break hole with cracks in coal seam expansion reduction; Improve frac pressure once more, so circulation stops behind the pressure complete stability;
(6) after pressure break finishes; Opening vibratory equipment makes it in the vibration hole, implement the sustained vibration operation with suitable vibration frequency; Make the coal seam receive the tensile stress and the action of compressive stress of alternate; Simultaneously, on the pressure break aperture, change aerogenesis equipment, utilize conventional method that the pressure relief extraction coal bed gas is carried out in the coal seam.
The bore mode in said vibration hole and pressure break hole is looked extraction target coal seam geological conditions and is decided, according to coal seam geostatic stress and mechanical strength, the boring trend in vibration hole and pressure break hole can be designed to directly to or song to; Said vibration service frequency should be the best to reach the high anti-reflection property of coal bed gas according to the coal geology construction features;
Beneficial effect of the present invention is following:
Brill of the present invention, the Trinity release method for exploiting coal bed methane of pressing, shake combine high pressure fracturing process, method for oscillating with drilling construction, adopt pressure break to drive the crack that occurs after the original or pressure break in the coal seam; Widen and stretch these cracks, and then in the coal seam, produce more secondary fracture and crack, improved the flow regime of coal bed gas in the coal seam greatly; Increase the gas permeability of coal bed gas in the coal seam, simultaneously, according to the action principle of mechanical oscillation; In the coal seam, implement vibration service; Make the coal seam receive the tensile stress and the action of compressive stress of alternate, the extensional vibration that produces density interphase helps coal bed gas desorb from the micropore, diffusion and mobile; Improved the permeability of coal bed gas; Give the inner release in coal seam, coal bed gas release and flow and created good condition, increase the extraction efficient of coal bed gas, thereby realized simple and easy and coal bed gas extraction operation reliably.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a brill of the present invention, the Trinity release method for exploiting coal bed methane of pressing, shake boring sketch map;
Be labeled as among the figure: 1: the coal seam; 2: the vibration hole; 3: the pressure break hole.
The specific embodiment
To combine an embodiment (accompanying drawing) to further describe below the present invention:
As shown in Figure 1, brill of the present invention, the Trinity release method for exploiting coal bed methane of pressing, shake, the practical implementation step is following:
(1) the at first physical characteristic of detail knowledge extraction target coal seam 1 and tectonic characteristics in case of necessity, cooperate test measures such as geodetic stress;
(2) on said coal seam 1, select one or more hardness are high relatively or density is big relatively orientation as along layer or wear a layer vibration position, 2 hole, hole, simultaneously, suitably distance is arranged position, 3 hole, one or more pressure breaks hole around each vibration position, 2 hole, hole;
(3) then; Adopt the known means technology one by one to the position, hole in the vibration hole 2 arranged and position, the hole enforcement bore operation in pressure break hole 3; The degree of depth in 3 entering coal seams, pressure break hole should satisfy safe sealing of hole requirement; The degree of depth in 2 entering coal seams 1, said vibration hole should be determined by the tectonic characteristics in coal seam, is prerequisite not bring out gas outstanding after the sealing of hole vibration, and the aperture in vibration hole 2 should be slightly larger than the vibratory equipment external diameter;
(4) after vibration hole 2 is accomplished fluently with pressure break 3 holes; Utilize mounting rod explosion-proof or intrinsic safety type vibratory equipment to be inserted at the bottom of the hole in vibration hole 2; Top and each fixing fastening devices of bottom at vibratory equipment; And fill with couplant in the gap between vibratory equipment and vibration hole 2, utilize sealing device to seal in the aperture in vibration hole 2 then;
(5) confirm that 2 sealings of vibration hole are errorless after, on pressure break hole 3, the fracturing unit that adopts external diameter and 3 apertures, pressure break hole to be complementary; To be higher than formation fracture pressure fracturing work is carried out in coal seam 1, when pressure in the pressure break hole 3 reaches certain pressure, keep this pressure a period of time; When pressing in the pressure break hole 3 with cracks in coal seam expansion reduction; Improve frac pressure once more, so circulation stops behind the pressure complete stability;
(6) after pressure break finishes; Opening vibratory equipment makes it in vibration hole 2, implement the sustained vibration operation with suitable vibration frequency; Make coal seam 1 receive the tensile stress and the action of compressive stress of alternate, described vibration frequency should be the best to reach the high anti-reflection property of coal bed gas according to coal seam 1 tectonic characteristics, simultaneously; Change aerogenesis equipment in the pressure break hole on 3 mouthfuls, utilize conventional method that the pressure relief extraction coal bed gas is carried out in coal seam 1.
The bore mode that should be noted that said vibration hole 2 and pressure break hole 3 is looked coal seam 1 geological conditions and decide, according to coal seam geostatic stress and mechanical strength, the boring trend in vibration hole 2 and pressure break hole 3 can be designed to directly to or song to;
Brill of the present invention, the Trinity release method for exploiting coal bed methane of pressing, shake combine high pressure fracturing process, method for oscillating with drilling construction, adopt pressure break to drive the crack that occurs after the original or pressure break in the coal seam; Widen and stretch these cracks, and then in the coal seam, produce more secondary fracture and crack, improved the flow regime of coal bed gas in the coal seam greatly; Increase the gas permeability of coal bed gas in the coal seam, simultaneously, according to the action principle of mechanical oscillation; In the coal seam, implement vibration service; Make the coal seam receive the tensile stress and the action of compressive stress of alternate, the extensional vibration that produces density interphase helps coal bed gas desorb from the micropore, diffusion and mobile; Improved the permeability of coal bed gas; Give the inner release in coal seam, coal bed gas release and flow and created good condition, increase the extraction efficient of coal bed gas, thereby realized simple and easy and coal bed gas extraction operation reliably.

Claims (2)

1. the Trinity release method for exploiting coal bed methane that bores, presses, shakes comprises following step, it is characterized in that:
Step 1, at first the physical characteristic and the tectonic characteristics of detail knowledge extraction target coal seam (1) cooperate the measure of geodetic stress test;
Step 2 is upward selected the suitable layer of orientation conduct that one or more hardness are high relatively or density is big relatively or is worn a layer vibration position, hole, hole (2) in said coal seam (1), simultaneously, vibrates Kong Kongwei on every side suitably apart from arranging position, hole, one or more pressure breaks holes (3) at each;
Step 3; Then; Adopt the known means technology one by one bore operation to be implemented in the position, hole in the vibration hole (2) arranged and the position, hole of pressure break hole (3), the degree of depth in pressure break hole (3) entering coal seams (1) should satisfy safe sealing of hole requirement, and the aperture in said vibration hole (2) should be slightly larger than the vibratory equipment external diameter; The degree of depth that vibration hole (2) gets into coal seam (1) should be a prerequisite not bring out gas outstanding after the sealing of hole vibration by the tectonic characteristics decision of coal seam (1);
Step 4; After vibration hole (2) and pressure break hole (3) are accomplished fluently; Utilize mounting rod explosion-proof or intrinsic safety type vibratory equipment to be inserted at the bottom of the hole in vibration hole (2); In top and each fixing fastening devices of bottom of vibratory equipment, and fill with couplant in the gap between vibratory equipment and vibration hole (2), utilize sealing device to seal in the aperture in vibration hole (2) then;
Step 5 is after definite vibration hole (2) sealing is errorless, on pressure break hole (3); The fracturing unit that adopts external diameter and aperture, pressure break hole (3) to be complementary carries out fracturing work to be higher than formation fracture pressure to coal seam (1), when pressure in pressure break hole (3) reaches certain pressure; Keep this pressure a period of time, when pressing in pressure break hole (3), improve frac pressure once more with cracks in coal seam expansion reduction; So circulation stops behind the pressure complete stability;
Step 6; After pressure break finishes; Open vibratory equipment and make it in vibration hole (2), implement the sustained vibration operation with suitable vibration frequency, the frequency of said vibration service should be according to coal seam (1) tectonic characteristics to reach the high anti-reflection property of coal bed gas, simultaneously; On the pressure break aperture, change aerogenesis equipment, utilize conventional method that the pressure relief extraction coal bed gas is carried out in coal seam (1).
2. brill as claimed in claim 1, the Trinity release method for exploiting coal bed methane of pressing, shake; It is characterized in that: the bore mode of said vibration hole (2) and pressure break hole (3) is looked extraction target coal seam (1) geological conditions and is decided; According to coal seam geostatic stress and mechanical strength, the boring trend of vibration hole (2) and pressure break hole (3) be designed to directly to or song to.
CN201010545678XA 2010-11-16 2010-11-16 Drilling, pressing and vibrating combined pressure-relieving coal bed gas exploitation method Expired - Fee Related CN102022134B (en)

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CN102022135A (en) * 2010-11-16 2011-04-20 郑州大学 Drilling, pressing and vibrating trinity pressure-relief and outburst-prevention method
CN102392678A (en) * 2011-10-21 2012-03-28 河南煤业化工集团研究院有限责任公司 Gas drainage method combining surface and underground fracturing and permeability improvement
CN103206238A (en) * 2013-04-02 2013-07-17 贵州大学 Method for preventing and controlling gas on low-permeability outburst coal seams
CN103397900B (en) * 2013-07-15 2015-06-10 中国矿业大学 Porous collaborative fracturing and extracting integrated gas extraction method
CN105804786B (en) * 2016-03-15 2017-12-01 安徽理工大学 A kind of weak seam bottom plate layer-through drilling pressure rushes anti-reflection method
CN107035344A (en) * 2017-06-05 2017-08-11 贵州大学 A kind of coal bed gas pumping method of low permeability outburst coal seam
CN107676126B (en) * 2017-10-16 2019-01-29 重庆大学 It is a kind of to utilize the concordant region hydraulic fracturing method for intercepting control

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