CN102020804A - Thermoplastic crack resistant type low smoke zero halogen flame-retardant polyolefin cable sheath material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Thermoplastic crack resistant type low smoke zero halogen flame-retardant polyolefin cable sheath material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermoplastic crack resistant type low smoke zero halogen flame-retardant polyolefin cable sheath material and a preparation method thereof. The cable sheath material comprises the following components in part by weight: 100 parts of polyolefin blend matrix resin, 90 to 150 parts of inorganic flame retardant subjected to surface modification, 10 to 20 parts of high molecular compatilizer, 3 to 20 parts of multifunctional modifier, 1 to 1.5 parts of antioxidant and 1 to 2 parts of processing aid. The preparation method of the cable material comprises the following steps of: blending and extruding polyene resin; performing surface treatment on the inorganic flame retardant; preparing materials; mixing; extruding; granulating and the like. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the cable sheath material has crack resistance, high flame retardancy and high processability, is environmentally friendly, is easy to recycle and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of thermoplasticity cracking resistant type low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable sheath material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Low-smoke non-halogen flame-retardant polyene cable jacket material is a kind of environmentally friendly machine, develop the important topic that this class high-performance refractory material is a flame-retarded technology, it also is a difficult point, because this flame-retardant system generally adopts hydrated inorganic filler as fire retardant, though this based flame retardant is nontoxic, low cigarette, its flame retarding efficiency is low, satisfy fire-retardant requirement, its loading level needs more than 50%, brings great influence for the physical and mechanical properties and the processing characteristics of matrix material.Because along with the increase of loading level, at interval the continuity of polymer molecule interchain, reduced the macromole interchain and tangled, reduced the intensity and the toughness of material; The coefficient of expansion because of polymer matrix material and hydrated inorganic filler differs bigger again, in the process of expanding with heat and contract with cold, owing to textural defect appears in inhomogeneous contraction, produce internal stress, so the low-smoke halide-free fireproof composite polyolefine material of filling as height is easy to cracking, this is the critical defect of cable product.As far back as the mid-80 in last century, large quantities of cable sheath crackings in the GNPS import cable find that the cracking sheath is the thermoplastic low-smoke halogen-free flame-resistant material.So far, the cable cracking situation in using or depositing with the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant sheath material manufacturing of some producers happens occasionally.That is to say that thermoplastic low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant sheath material rimose situation has continued not fine as yet solution in nearly 20 years.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to be easy to cracking and a kind of cracking resistant type low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable sheath material and preparation method thereof is provided in order to solve above-mentioned thermoplastic low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant sheath material.
A kind of thermoplasticity cracking resistant type of the present invention low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable sheath material is characterized in that its parts by weight consist of:
Multipolymer (EVA) that wherein said polyolefin blends matrix resin is an ethylene-vinyl acetate and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), ultra-low density polyethylene (VLDPE), a kind of mixture of pressing arbitrary proportion in the high density polyethylene(HDPE) (HDPE), preferably by 9: 1 or 8: 2 mixed, matrix resin as the cracking resistant type fireproofing cable material without halide, require the matrix material after height is filled to still have higher elongation at break and tensile strength, just can have the cracking resistance ability, single EVA is difficult to satisfy this requirement, therefore adopt EVA and other polyene resins to carry out blending and modifying, the co-mixing system that is preferably EVA and VLDPE is as matrix resin.
Described inorganic combustion inhibitor is a kind of in aluminium hydroxide (ATH), magnesium hydroxide (MDH), the hydrotalcite (LDHS), is preferably magnesium hydroxide (MDH).Inorganic combustion inhibitor is carried out surface modification treatment with surface treatment agent in the stirring of high-speed mixer high speed, and described surface treatment agent is silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent or stearic acid, and surface treatment agent is the 1-2% of inorganic combustion inhibitor quality.
Described high molecular compatible agent is selected from a kind of in ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer grafted maleic anhydride, the polycthylene grafted maleic anhydride.
Described multifunctional modification agent is a silicon rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, metal oxide, the mixture that soap and silicon-dioxide are formed, wherein metal oxide is a kind of in magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, the nickel oxide, soap is a kind of in calcium stearate, Zinic stearas, the barium stearate, each composition weight proportion is in the mixture: silicon rubber 20~25%, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 20~25%, silicon-dioxide 20~25%, metal oxide 7.5~10%, stearate 17.5~20%.This mixture has resistance concurrently and drips, presses down cigarette, multiple function such as lubricated, toughness reinforcing.It is joined in the low smoke halogen-free fire retardant polyolefin cable material, the functional group of matrix resin forms combining of chemical bond in form by similar IPN net and the polymkeric substance, effectively stops matrix material to make the unsticking reunion (see figure 1) of time spent filler being subjected to heat or mechanical stress.Help eliminating the internal stress at composite material interface place, avoid crackle and fissured generation, improve the cracking resistance ability.
Described oxidation inhibitor is four [β-(3.5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester (1010), 4.4 thiobiss (the 6-tertiary butyl-3-methylphenol) (300), thio-2 acid two (octadecyl esters) (DSTP), among the composite antioxidant B215 one or both and use, be preferably compound antioxidant B215, satisfy the anti-aging of the course of processing and goods.
Described processing aid is a Zinic stearas, macromolecule wax, ethylene bis stearamide a kind of.
Prepare the method for thermoplasticity cracking resistant type low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable sheath material of the present invention, may further comprise the steps:
1) with a kind of arbitrary proportion of pressing in ethylene-vinylacetate multipolymer and linear low density polyethylene, ultra-low density polyethylene, the high density polyethylene(HDPE) through single screw extrusion machine blend, granulation, as matrix resin;
2) with inorganic combustion inhibitor with 1~2% surface treatment agent surface treatment agent, as silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent or stearic acid, stir in the high-speed mixer high speed and to carry out surface modification treatment;
3) each raw material is prepared burden according to part by weight, put into high-speed mixer, at room temperature stirring at low speed is 2~3 minutes, after treating the material mixing, put into pulsating list screw rod reciprocating engine or Banbury mixer and mix, again through single screw rod extruding pelletization, the screw zones temperature is 115~125 ℃ of feeding sections, 125~130 ℃ of transportation sections, 130~145 ℃ of melt zones, 135~140 ℃ of heads.Air-cooled pelletizing is adopted in granulation, and weighing is packaged to be product.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has that cracking resistance, high flame retardant, processibility are good, environmental protection, is easy to advantages such as recycling.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 for cable jacket material of the present invention through 100 ℃ * 168h thermal ageing after the SEM photo of cross-section morphology;
Fig. 2 is the SEM photo of the cross-section morphology of coventional type phosphorus flame retardant etc. after through 100 ℃ * 168h thermal ageing.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention, its formula for raw stock sees Table 1
Table 1 cracking resistant type low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable sheath material prescription
Wherein:
Embodiment 1: polyolefin blends be EVA and VLDPE according to 8: 2 ratio (weight) co-mixing systems as matrix resin.Inorganic combustion inhibitor adopts MDH, carries out surface modification treatment with silane coupling agent (account for MDH consumption 1%).EVA-g (ethylene-vinyl acetate grafted maleic anhydride) is adopted in the high molecular compatible agent.Multifunctional modification agent quality group becomes: silicon rubber 25%, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 23%, silicon-dioxide 22%, magnesium oxide 10%, calcium stearate 20%.Oxidation inhibitor adopts compound antioxidant B215.Processing aid adopts Zinic stearas.
Embodiment 2: polyolefin blends be EVA and VLDPE according to 8: 2 ratio co-mixing systems as matrix resin.Inorganic combustion inhibitor adopts MDH, carries out surface modification treatment with silane coupling agent (account for MDH consumption 1%).EVA-g (ethylene-vinyl acetate grafted maleic anhydride) is adopted in the high molecular compatible agent.What the multifunctional modification agent was concrete consists of: silicon rubber 22%, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 25%, silicon-dioxide 25%, magnesium oxide 8%, Zinic stearas 20%.Oxidation inhibitor adopts oxidation inhibitor (1010).Processing aid adopts macromolecule wax.
Embodiment 3: polyolefin blends be EVA and LLDPE according to 9: 1 ratio co-mixing systems as matrix resin.Inorganic combustion inhibitor adopts LDHS, carries out surface modification treatment with stearic acid (account for LDHS consumption 1.5%).Polycthylene grafted maleic anhydride is adopted in the high molecular compatible agent.What the multifunctional modification agent was concrete consists of: silicon rubber 20%, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 25%, silicon-dioxide 25%, zinc oxide 10%, Zinic stearas 20%.Oxidation inhibitor adopts oxidation inhibitor (1010).Processing aid adopts macromolecule wax.
Embodiment 4: polyolefin blends be EVA and LLDPE according to 9: 1 ratio co-mixing systems as matrix resin.Inorganic combustion inhibitor adopts ATH, carries out surface modification treatment with titanate coupling agent (account for ATH consumption 2%).Polycthylene grafted maleic anhydride is adopted in the high molecular compatible agent.What the multifunctional modification agent was concrete consists of: silicon rubber 25%, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 25%, silicon-dioxide 25%, aluminum oxide 7.5%, barium stearate 17.5%.Oxidation inhibitor adopts 300# and DSTP.Processing aid adopts ethylene bis stearamide.
The preparation method of four kinds of cable jacket materials is identical in the table 1, comprises following processing step:
50kg prepares burden by gross weight, with the good polyolefin base resin of blending and modifying in advance, and oxidation inhibitor, the high molecular compatible agent, the multifunctional modification agent joins in the high-speed mixer, adds inorganic combustion inhibitor and macromolecule wax again, and at room temperature stirring at low speed is 2~3 minutes.After treating the material mixing, put into reciprocating engine and mix, extrude through single screw rod, air-cooled pelletizing, the temperature of screw zones is as follows:
Feeding section transportation section melt zone head
120℃ 130℃ 145℃ 140℃
The CABLE MATERIALS performance that each embodiment prepares is listed in the table 2.
The different embodiment cable jacket material of table 2 performance
The cracking resistant type low-smoke and halogen-free flame retardant polyolefin jacket material that embodiment 3 makes is tested according to standard, and the every performance of gained sees the following form.
Performance | Unit | Representative value |
Density | g/cm3 | 1.40 |
Tensile strength | MPa | 12.3 |
Elongation at break | % | 183 |
After 100 ℃ * 168h is aging | ||
The tensile strength velocity of variation | % | 1.6 |
The elongation at break velocity of variation | % | -11.5 |
Dielectric strength | MV/m | 26 |
Volume specific resistance (20 ℃) | Ω.m | 1.86*1013 |
Combustionproperty | ||
Oxygen index | 35 | |
Smoke density Dm nonflame | 89 | |
PH value | 5.8 | |
Specific conductivity | μS/mm | 0.9 |
Poison exponent | 2.4 | |
Cracking resistance test cracking time 〉= | day | 42 |
Claims (9)
1. thermoplasticity cracking resistant type low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable sheath material is characterized in that its parts by weight consist of:
Wherein: a kind of mixture in multipolymer that described polyolefin blends matrix resin is an ethylene-vinyl acetate and linear low density polyethylene, ultra-low density polyethylene, the high density polyethylene(HDPE) by arbitrary proportion.
2. cable jacket material according to claim 1 is characterized in that a kind of mixture in 9: 1 or 8: 2 ratios in multipolymer that described polyolefin blends matrix resin is an ethylene-vinyl acetate and linear low density polyethylene, ultra-low density polyethylene, the high density polyethylene(HDPE).
3. cable jacket material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described polyolefin blends matrix resin is the multipolymer of ethylene-vinyl acetate and the co-mixing system of ultra-low density polyethylene.
4. cable jacket material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described inorganic combustion inhibitor is a kind of in aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, the hydrotalcite, inorganic combustion inhibitor is carried out surface modification treatment with surface treatment agent in the stirring of high-speed mixer high speed, described surface treatment agent is silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent or stearic acid, and surface treatment agent is the 1-2% of inorganic combustion inhibitor quality.
5. cable jacket material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described high molecular compatible agent is selected from a kind of in polycthylene grafted maleic anhydride, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer grafted maleic anhydride.
6. cable jacket material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described multifunctional modification agent is by silicon rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, metal oxide, the mixture that soap and silicon-dioxide are formed, wherein metal oxide is a magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, a kind of in the nickel oxide, soap is calcium stearate, Zinic stearas, a kind of in the barium stearate, each composition weight proportion is in the mixture: silicon rubber 20~25%, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 20~25%, silicon-dioxide 20~25%, metal oxide 7.5~10%, stearate 17.5~20%.
7. cable jacket material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described oxidation inhibitor be among four [β-(3.5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, 4.4 thiobiss (the 6-tertiary butyl-3-methylphenol), thio-2 acid two (octadecyl ester), the composite antioxidant B215 one or both and use.
8. cable jacket material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described processing aid is selected from a kind of of Zinic stearas, macromolecule wax, ethylene bis stearamide.
9. method for preparing the described thermoplasticity cracking resistant type of claim 1 low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable sheath material is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) with a kind of arbitrary proportion of pressing in ethylene-vinylacetate multipolymer and linear low density polyethylene, ultra-low density polyethylene, the high density polyethylene(HDPE) through single screw extrusion machine blend, granulation, as matrix resin;
2) inorganic combustion inhibitor is carried out surface modification treatment with surface treatment agent in the stirring of high-speed mixer high speed, described surface treatment agent is silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent or stearic acid, and surface treatment agent is the 1-2% of inorganic combustion inhibitor quality.
3) each raw material is prepared burden according to part by weight, put into high-speed mixer, at room temperature stirring at low speed is 2~3 minutes, after treating the material mixing, put into pulsating list screw rod reciprocating engine or Banbury mixer and mix, again through single screw rod extruding pelletization, the screw zones temperature is 115~125 ℃ of feeding sections, 125~130 ℃ of transportation sections, 130~145 ℃ of melt zones, 135~140 ℃ of heads.
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