Summary of the invention
The reduction valve that relates in one aspect to of the present invention comprises:
Valve body has side direction import and lower exit;
Valve pocket, wherein, side direction import, valve pocket and outlet passage form the fluid passage;
Valve rod extends in valve body and can move along the longitudinal axis of valve rod; Valve rod has first end and second end;
Spool has:
-spool joint is positioned at the upper end of spool, and be fixedly connected with first end of valve rod or combine,
-spool middle part,
-valve head is positioned at the lower end of spool;
Wherein, the diameter D1 at spool middle part is greater than the diameter d 1 of outlet passage;
Wherein, at least a portion of valve head can be contained in the outlet passage and can move along the longitudinal axis of outlet passage.
Preferably, the lower diameter of valve head is less than upper diameter.
Preferably, valve head is taper or the spindle of lower diameter less than upper diameter.
Preferably, the angle of the taper of valve head is 2 °~15 °, preferred 3 °~10 °, and most preferably 3 °~8 °.
Preferably, the combine diameter d 1 of valve head root diameter (RD) D and outlet passage at place of valve head and spool middle part is identical.
Preferably, the length H of outlet passage is 3~8 times of diameter d 1 of outlet passage, preferred 4~6 times.
Preferably, the spool joint removably is fixedly connected with first end of valve rod or combines.
Preferably, the spool joint is fixedly connected through screw thread and/or pin with first end of valve rod or combines.
Preferably, reduction valve further comprises: outlet taper hole enlargement mouth, be positioned at the lower exit place and with the outlet passage fluid communication.
Preferably, the angle β of taper hole enlargement mouth is 15 °~45 °, preferred 20 °~40 °, and more preferably 25 °~42 °, most preferably 28 °~34 °.
Preferably, valve rod, spool and outlet passage are coaxial.
Preferably, when spool contacts with the open upper end of outlet passage, form cooperation.
Preferably, cooperation is carried out through dome and the recessed circle with same radius R.
Preferably, the side direction import is provided with the lining of being processed by anti-abrasive material.
The invention still further relates to reduction valve of the present invention and in fluid delivery system, be used for the purposes of fluid pressure.
Preferably, said fluid contains solid.
Preferably, said fluid delivery system is the High Pressure Difference fluid delivery system.
Preferably, said fluid delivery system is the transporting system of HTHP difference high solids fluid.
Preferably, said fluid delivery system is the coal slurry transporting system.
The invention still further relates to a kind of fluid delivery system, comprise reduction valve of the present invention.
Structure of relief pressure valve of the present invention is simple, is easy to safeguard, goes for the material decompression control system of HTHP difference high solids.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of reduction valve, comprising:
Valve body 100 has side direction import 130 and lower exit 150;
Valve pocket 140, wherein, side direction import 130, valve pocket 140 and outlet passage 401 formation fluid passages;
Valve rod 200 extends in valve body 100 and can move along the longitudinal axis of valve rod 200; Valve rod 200 has first end and second end;
Spool 300, spool 300 has:
-spool joint 301 is positioned at the upper end of spool 300, and be fixedly connected with first end of valve rod 200 or combine,
-spool middle part 302,
-valve head 303 is positioned at the lower end of spool 300;
Wherein, the diameter D1 at spool middle part 302 is greater than the diameter d 1 of outlet passage 401;
Wherein, at least a portion of valve head 303 can be contained in the outlet passage 401 and can move along the longitudinal axis of outlet passage 401.
Preferably, reduction valve further comprises:
Body cavity 120 extends along the longitudinal axis of valve body 100;
Stuffing box 108 is positioned at the space of the top of valve pocket 140 with filling-valve intracoelomic cavity 120, respectively and form sealing between the valve body 100, valve rod 200;
Valve seat 400 is positioned at the space of the below of valve pocket 140 with filling-valve intracoelomic cavity 120, and forms sealing between the valve body 100;
Outlet passage 401 is formed in the valve seat 400.
A kind of preferred embodiment in, reduction valve of the present invention comprises:
Valve body 100 has side direction import 130 and lower exit 150;
Valve pocket 140, wherein, side direction import 130, valve pocket 140 and outlet passage 401 formation fluid passages;
Stuffing box 108 is positioned at the space of the top of valve pocket 140 with filling-valve intracoelomic cavity 120, respectively and form sealing between the valve body 100, valve rod 200;
Valve seat 400 is positioned at the space of the below of valve pocket 140 with filling-valve intracoelomic cavity 120, and forms sealing between the valve body 100, and outlet passage 401 is formed in the valve seat 400;
Valve rod 200 extends in valve body 100 and can move along the longitudinal axis of valve rod 200; Valve rod 200 has first end and second end;
Spool 300, spool 300 has:
-spool joint 301 is positioned at the upper end of spool 300, and be fixedly connected with first end of valve rod 200 or combine,
-spool middle part 302,
-valve head 303 is positioned at the lower end of spool 300;
Wherein, the diameter D1 at spool middle part 302 is greater than the diameter d 1 of outlet passage 401;
Wherein, at least a portion of valve head 303 can be contained in the outlet passage 401 and can move along the longitudinal axis of outlet passage 401.
A kind of preferred embodiment in, the lower diameter of valve head 303 is less than upper diameter.Preferably, valve head 303 is taper or the spindle of lower diameter less than upper diameter.Preferably, the angle of the taper of valve head 303 is 2 °~15 °, preferred 3 °~10 °, and most preferably 3 °~8 °.
Preferably, the combine diameter d 1 of valve head root diameter (RD) D and outlet passage 401 at place of valve head 303 and spool middle part 302 is identical.Preferably, the length H of outlet passage 401 is 3~8 times of diameter d 1 of outlet passage 401, preferred 4~6 times.
Preferably, spool joint 301 removably is fixedly connected with first end of valve rod 200 or combines.Preferably, spool joint 301 is fixedly connected through screw thread and/or pin with first end of valve rod 200 or combines.
Preferably, reduction valve further comprises: outlet taper hole enlargement mouth 402, be positioned at lower exit 150 places and with outlet passage 401 fluid communication.Preferably, the angle β of taper hole enlargement mouth 402 is 15~45 °, preferred 28~34 °.
Preferably, valve rod 200, spool 300 and outlet passage 401 are coaxial.That is to say that the longitudinal axis of valve rod 200, spool 300 and outlet passage 401 is basically on same straight line.
Preferably, valve pocket 140 perisporiums are provided with import guide pin bushing 109.
Spool 300 forms with the open upper end of outlet passage 401 and cooperates, and makes and can close reduction valve.
Preferably, second end of valve rod 200 is connected with the actuator 501 of control valve rod or combines.
Referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 3 a kind of preferred implementation of the present invention is carried out detailed explanation below.
As shown in Figure 1, reduction valve of the present invention comprises valve body 100, valve pocket 140, stuffing box 108, valve seat 400, valve rod 200, spool 300.
Valve body 100 has side direction import 130, body cavity 120, lower exit 150.Body cavity 120 extends along the longitudinal axis of valve body 100, is used to hold valve pocket 140, stuffing box 108, valve seat 400.Side direction import 130 is positioned at the sidepiece of valve body 100, as the import (shown in arrow a among Fig. 1) of fluid.Lower exit 150 is positioned at the bottom of valve body 100, as the outlet (shown in arrow b among Fig. 1) of fluid.
Side direction import 130 is positioned at the sidepiece of valve body 100, as the import (shown in arrow a among Fig. 1) of fluid.As preferred implementation, the suction side of valve body 100 (side direction import 130) is provided with and prevents that solid particle from washing away the lining of valve body wearing and tearing, and the material of lining can be used cemented carbide.Operable cemented carbide has carbide, nitride, polycrystalline diamond etc.
Valve pocket 140 is positioned at valve body 100 and side direction import 130 corresponding positions.Valve pocket 140 has with side direction import 130 corresponding valve pocket openings 142 and through outlet passage 401 and lower exit 150 fluid communication; Thereby form from the fluid passage of side direction import 130 via valve pocket 140 and outlet passage 401 to lower exit 150; Except valve pocket opening 142 and outlet passage 401, valve pocket 140 and extraneous sealing.Valve pocket 140 can cushion the high-pressure medium stream (or high-pressure liquid) from the side direction inlet ductwork.Preferably, valve pocket 140 perisporiums are provided with import guide pin bushing 109.Import guide pin bushing 109 is preferably processed with the wear-corrosion resistance material.For example, the wear-corrosion resistance material can be carbide, nitride, pottery etc.
Valve seat 400 is positioned at the space of the below of valve pocket 140 with filling-valve intracoelomic cavity 120, and forms sealing between the valve body 100.Valve seat 400 is installed on the valve body 100, and periphery sealing (for example with valve seat insert 412 sealings) because of the action of pressure up and down of valve seat 400, can not separate valve seat 400 with valve body 100.Valve seat 400 bottoms be provided with lining and with outside flange connecting.
Outlet passage 401 is formed in the valve seat 400, forms the passage from valve pocket 140 to lower exit 150.The lengths table of outlet passage 401 is shown H, and diameter is expressed as d1.Be the cavitation erosion that prevents to produce under the HTHP difference in the medium, the outlet passage 401 length H in the valve seat 400 are 3~8d1, and the best is 4~6d1.
Preferably, below outlet passage 401, be positioned at lower exit 150 places and form outlet taper hole enlargement mouth 402.Straight section outlet passage 401 back exit taper hole enlargement mouths 402, the unexpected hole enlargement of back material inlet passage of can avoiding reducing pressure, speed descends rapidly.The angle β of taper hole enlargement mouth 402 is 15 °~45 °, preferred 20 °~40 °, and more preferably 25 °~42 °, most preferably 28 °~34 °.
Valve rod 200 extends in valve body 100 and can move along the longitudinal axis of valve rod 200.Valve rod 200 has first end and second end, and second end is connected with the actuator of control valve rod 200 or combines.Stuffing box 108 is positioned at the space of the top of valve pocket 140 with filling-valve intracoelomic cavity 120, respectively and form sealing between the valve body 100, valve rod 200.Like this, valve rod 200 is positioned at valve body 100 inside, for example uses stuffing box packing (for example, low temperature filler shown in Figure 1 103, high temperature filler 107) and Gland 102 and extraneous sealing, and can move up and down (longitudinal axis along valve rod 200 moves).When fluid was high-temperature material, high temperature filler 107 was adopted in the stuffing box packing of below and valve pocket 140 close together, and low temperature filler 103 is adopted from the stuffing box packing far away of valve pocket 140 distances in the top.
Spool 300 has spool joint 301, spool middle part 302, valve head 303.
Spool 300 is preferably processed by anti-abrasive material, and cure process is carried out on further preferred its surface.The anti-abrasive material that is used for spool 300 can be Tungsten carbite, pottery, nitride.For example, spool 300 carries out cure process again for carbide surface.When spool joint 301 removably is fixedly connected with valve rod 200 or combines, after spool 300 uses one period cycle wear condition to occur, conveniently replaced spool 300.
Spool joint 301 is positioned at the upper end of spool 300, is fixedly connected with first end of valve rod 200 or combines.Preferably, spool joint 301 removably is fixedly connected with first end of valve rod 200 or combines.Spool joint 301 is fixedly connected through screw thread and/or pin with first end of valve rod 200 or combines.For example, valve rod 200 is connected with spool joint 301 through screw thread, and is tight with lock then.Certainly, spool 300 also can be integrally formed or weld together with valve rod 200, but it is very inconvenient to change parts in this case.For the ease of the spool 300 that replacing is easy to wear and tear, preferred spool 300 removably is fixedly connected with first end of valve rod 200 or combines.
Spool middle part 302 is between spool joint 301 and the valve head 303.The diameter D1 at spool middle part 302 is greater than the diameter d 1 of outlet passage 401.So just can be so that spool middle part 302 is contained in valve pocket 140.When spool 300 moved down, spool middle part 302 was blocked in the open upper end of outlet passage 401, thereby shutoff outlet passage 401 makes reduction valve be in closed condition.
Valve head 303 is positioned at the lower end of spool 300.At least a portion of valve head 303 can be contained in the outlet passage 401 and can move along the longitudinal axis of outlet passage 401.Preferably, valve head 303 all can be contained in the outlet passage 401 and can move along the longitudinal axis of outlet passage 401.The lower diameter of preferred valve head 303 is less than its upper diameter.Preferably, valve head 303 is taper or the spindle of lower diameter less than upper diameter.When valve head 303 during for taper, the angle of the taper of valve head 303 is an acute angle, and for example angle is less than 25 °, preferably less than 20 °, is more preferably less than and equals 15 °, further preferably smaller or equal to 10 °, most preferably smaller or equal to 8 °.For example, the angle of the taper of valve head 303 is 2 °~15 °, preferred 3 °~10 °, and most preferably 3 °~8 °.
Medium (or fluid) gets into valve pocket 140 from side direction, and the passage that constitutes via spool 300 and valve seat 400 flows out from exporting 150.That is to say that the gap between spool 300 and the valve seat 400 forms the fluid passage.As shown in Figure 1, when spool 300 moved up, 302 the bottom and the open upper end place of outlet passage 401 had the gap between the valve head 303 and outlet passage 401 of spool 300, in the middle part of the spool, thereby had formed the passage that allows fluid to pass through.Through the gap between regulating spool 300 and the valve seat 400, can regulate the opening degree (abbreviation aperture) of reduction valve.
As preferred embodiment, the surface of contact (or sealing surface) between valve seat 400 and the spool 300 forms and cooperates, and when spool 300 moves down when contacting with valve seat 400, can make reduction valve start from closed condition.We can say that also the open upper end of spool 300 and outlet passage 401 forms and cooperates,, reduction valve cuts out when spool 300 moves down when contacting with valve seat 400.
As preferred embodiment, spool 300 with carry out the cooperating of open upper end of outlet passage 401 through dome and recessed circle.For example, the open upper end of outlet passage 401 has dome, and spool 300 valve heads 303 form recessed circle with 302 places of combining, spool middle part.Sealing surface on valve seat 400 is that radius is the dome of R, and the sealing surface on spool 300 is the recessed circle of same radius R.When valve closing, spool 300 closely contacts with the sealing surface of valve seat 400, reaches airtight effect (as shown in Figure 1).Like this, valve seat 400 has identical diameter R with spool 300 surface of contact.We can say that also spool 300 has identical diameter R with the open upper end surface of contact of outlet passage 401.
As preferred implementation, the combine diameter d 1 of valve head root diameter (RD) D and outlet passage 401 at place of valve head 303 and spool middle part 302 is identical.Like this, valve head root open upper end surface of contact easier and outlet passage 401 forms better fit.For example the open upper end of valve head root and outlet passage 401 forms the chamfering that cooperatively interacts or cooperating, rounded.In this case, valve head 303 can basically all extend in the outlet passage 401.
Structure of relief pressure valve of the present invention is simple, is easy to safeguard, goes for HTHP difference material decompression control system, is particularly useful for the material decompression control system of HTHP difference high solids.
Main purpose of the present invention is to be, a kind of pressure of control system and reduction valve that liquid level is adjusted of can reducing pressure to the material of HTHP difference high solids is provided.Its function can reduce pressure material and gets into follow-up separating technology, can carry out suitable flow control again, keeps the pressure of reaction system.What is more important prevents the harsh erosive wear that the feasible cavitation erosion of the flow at high speed of MEDIA FLOW under big pressure reduction of high solids forms material.
In a kind of preferred implementation, high-temperature high-pressure difference pressure-reducing valve design of the present invention as follows.
A kind of high-temperature high-pressure difference pressure-reducing valve; Comprise valve body, valve seat, be within this valve seat and the spool that can move up and down within it; This spool is fixedly connected with valve rod with pin through screw thread, and valve rod is positioned at valve inner, with stuffing box packing and Gland and extraneous sealing; And can move up and down, the valve seat bottom be provided with lining and with outside flange connecting.
Medium (or fluid) gets into valve pocket from side direction, and the passage that constitutes via spool and valve seat flows out from outlet.Valve body is to have contained spool, valve seat and valve pocket, and valve pocket can cushion the high-pressure medium stream from the side direction inlet ductwork.Valve rod is connected with the spool folder through screw thread, locks with pin then.Filler guarantees that valve rod drives spool and in valve seat orifice, moves up and down; Valve seat is installed on the valve body, and periphery seals with seal ring, because of the action of pressure up and down of valve seat; Valve seat can not separated with valve body, and the MEDIA FLOW mistake of part step-down is accomplished in the gap of adjustment spool and valve seat.
As preferred implementation, spool is taper, and the angle of taper is 2 °~15 °, and the best is 3 °~8 °.One of spool is that screw thread is connected with valve rod, and with valve rod and spool locking, valve core material is that carbide surface carries out cure process again through taper pin, and spool is removed fixing pin conveniently replaced spool after using one period cycle wear condition to occur.
As preferred implementation, the suction side of valve body is provided with and prevents that solid particle from washing away the lining of valve body wearing and tearing, and the material of lining can be used cemented carbide.
As preferred implementation, valve seat is identical diameter R with the spool surface of contact, and the channel diameter d1 of valve seat is identical with spool root diameter (RD) D.Be the cavitation erosion that prevents to produce under the HTHP difference in the medium, the passage length of valve seat is 3~8d1, and the best is 4~6d1.For avoiding the unexpected hole enlargement of back material inlet passage of reducing pressure, speed descends rapidly, behind the straight section passage, connects a β hole enlargement mouth simultaneously, and the β angle is 15~45, and best angle is 28~34.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of fluid delivery system, comprises reduction valve of the present invention.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to reduction valve of the present invention is used for fluid pressure in fluid delivery system purposes.
Fluid delivery system can be the High Pressure Difference fluid delivery system, preferred HTHP difference fluid delivery system, more preferably HTHP difference high solids fluid delivery system.For example, fluid delivery system is the coal slurry transporting system, coal slurry transporting system in the especially DCL/Direct coal liquefaction technology.Especially, fluid delivery system can be the coal slurry transporting system of high-temperature high-pressure separator to medium temperature and medium pressure separator in the DCL/Direct coal liquefaction technology.
The front and back pressure reduction maximum of reduction valve of the present invention can up to 10MPa, preferably up to 16MPa, more preferably up to 18MPa, most preferably up to 19MPa.
The solid content of fluid (or medium) can be for by weight smaller or equal to 30%, preferably smaller or equal to 28%, is more preferably less than and equals 15%, most preferably smaller or equal to 10%.Fluid (or medium) also can not contain solid.
Effect of the present invention is: High Pressure Difference structure of relief pressure valve of the present invention is simple, the front and back pressure reduction of valve reaches as high as 19MPa.Adopt high-temperature high-pressure difference pressure-reducing valve of the present invention, can the pressure of 20MPa be reduced to 1MPa, medium can be that weight percentage contains 30% solid decompression, and can effectively prolong the working life of reduction valve.
High-temperature high-pressure difference pressure-reducing valve of the present invention has the following advantages:
1. simple in structure;
2. when the setting of valve base channel length is longer, the wearing and tearing of can avoiding cavitating to runner;
3. when being set to the passage of a suitable angle in valve seat to the runner of outlet, avoid rapid change the washing away of speed to pipeline.
4. the runner that the medium that reduces pressure passes through is lined with wear-resisting sleeve pipe, reduces the erosive wear of fluid to valve body, increases the service life.
When spool and valve rod through removably being fixedly connected or when combining (for example, being connected with pin) through screw thread, after the spool wearing and tearing removable after replacing.
In the present invention, D score or " bottom " are meant the fluid output direction, and top is meant the direction opposite with fluid output.
In the present invention, under the situation of not contradiction or conflict, all embodiments of the present invention, mode of execution and characteristic can make up each other.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
In DCL/Direct coal liquefaction technology, the coal slurry behind reactor reaction is delivered to high-temperature high-pressure separator, and medium temperature is 450 ℃, pressure 19MPa.Through reduction valve its pressure is depressurized to 3MPa and gets into the medium temperature and medium pressure separator.The flow of coal slurry is 360L/h, and it is stable that the liquid level of system requirements high-temperature high-pressure separator keeps.
Valve rod drives the spool be attached thereto together to moving up and down; The aperture of spool is controlled at 25%-40%; The gap of adjustment spool and valve seat; Being about to that the coal slurry flow is adjusted into is 300~400L/h, has guaranteed that high-temperature high-pressure separator has a metastable liquid level, has realized that simultaneously decompression reduces to 3MPa with pressure.
Embodiment 2
In DCL/Direct coal liquefaction technology, the coal slurry behind reactor reaction is delivered to high-temperature high-pressure separator, and medium temperature is 450 ℃, pressure 19MPa.Through reduction valve its pressure is depressurized to 1MPa and gets into storage tank.The flow of coal slurry is 400L/h, and it is stable that the liquid level of system requirements high-temperature high-pressure separator keeps.
Valve rod drives the spool be attached thereto together to moving up and down; The aperture of spool is controlled at 25%-30%; The gap of adjustment spool and valve seat; Being about to that the coal slurry flow is adjusted into is 380~420L/h, has guaranteed that high-temperature high-pressure separator has a metastable liquid level, has realized that simultaneously decompression reduces to 1MPa with pressure.
Certainly, the present invention also can have other embodiments, and the above is merely preferred implementation of the present invention, is not to be used for limiting protection scope of the present invention; Under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention, those of ordinary skills are every to make various corresponding variations and modification according to content of the present invention, all belongs to the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
The drawing reference numeral explanation
100 valve bodies
102 Glands, 103 low temperature fillers
104 glands, 107 high temperature fillers
108 stuffing boxes, 109 import guide pin bushings
114 import linings, 115 sealing gaskets
116 connecting bolts, 117 pins
120 body cavities
130 side direction imports
140 valve pockets, 142 valve pocket openings
150 lower exits
200 valve rods
300 spools
301 spool joints, 302 spools middle part
303 valve heads
400 valve seats
401 outlet passages, 402 outlet taper hole enlargement mouths
412 valve seat inserts
501 pneumatic actuator connecting bodys
H outlet passage length h valve head length
The angle of the angle β taper hole enlargement mouth of α valve head taper
The a importer is to the b Way out