CN102011678A - Wave-activated power generation method and system for implementing same - Google Patents
Wave-activated power generation method and system for implementing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102011678A CN102011678A CN2010105616628A CN201010561662A CN102011678A CN 102011678 A CN102011678 A CN 102011678A CN 2010105616628 A CN2010105616628 A CN 2010105616628A CN 201010561662 A CN201010561662 A CN 201010561662A CN 102011678 A CN102011678 A CN 102011678A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wave-activated power generation method and a system for implementing the same, which is mainly used for solving the problems that the existing wave-activated power generation method is complicated in technique and high in cost, the power generating system is short in service time, and the like. The invention is characterized in that the wave-activated power generation method comprises the following steps: carrying out conversion between the mechanical reciprocating motion and the one-way rotary motion on a discrete power source by way of combining an overrunning coupler and a straight bevel gear so as to drive a multipolar squirrel-cage AC (alternating current) asynchronous motor to generate power; connecting the multipolar squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor by the overrunning coupler, so that the AC asynchronous motor keeps running by virtue of the input revolving speed of a transcendental inertial source power at a low ebb; and setting a plurality of multipolar squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motors and matching devices so as to generate power by way of combining the motors and the devices to the grid. The method and system provided by the invention have the advantages that the whole power generation process is performed in a full-automatic and self-adapting state, and no other electrical and mechanical control measure is required, therefore, the control on wave-activated power generation, which is high in technique, high in efficiency and low in cost, can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly adopt the wave-activated power generation method of discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism and for implementing the custom-designed system of this method.
Background technique
Because petering out of earth fossil energy and going from bad to worse of environmental condition, seek and utilize new energy just becoming the primary research task of countries in the world.Wave energy is that a kind of density is low, unstable, pollution-free, renewable, reserves big, it is wide to distribute but utilizes the difficult energy.In addition, because the place that utilizes of wave energy is confined near the seashore, also be subjected to the invasion and attack of Oceanic disasters sex climate easily, development cost height, small scale, social benefit well but deficiency in economic performance, the turnover is long, therefore, more than one since century, more than these factors large-scale commercial applications of greatly having fettered wave energy melt to send out and utilize and development.
Though, technical sophistication, cost height, the turnover of wave energy exploitation are long, but over nearly 200 years, countries in the world have still been dropped into very big strength and have been carried out unremitting exploration and research, attempt to find the road of a reasonable use wave energy, develop the wave power utilization method that a kind of technology is simple, cost is relatively low and the turnover is short.At present, except laboratory research, countries such as Norway, Japan, Britain, the U.S., France, Spain and China have successively built up a plurality of tens of watts to hundreds of kilowatts test wave-type electric generators.The principal mode of these electricity generating devices has activity nod duck, wave contouring raft, extra large freshwater mussel type; Perhaps float type vibration water is leant on type; Perhaps fixed oscillating water column type; The current type; Pressure flexible bag type etc.These existing devices fail all that the technology that reaches is simple, cost is relatively low and this requirement that the turnover is short but regrettably.In addition, the medium tache of seawave power generation is many, efficient is low, and the electric power output fluctuation is big, also is subjected to the influence of marine microorganism easily, makes the machine operation lost of life.
In sum, how disperse, low density, unsettled wave energy absorb, concentrate, economical, be converted into useful electric energy efficiently, make electricity generating device and structure thereof can bear the destruction of disastrous ocean climate, realizing safe operation, is the following direction of wave energy exploitation.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art pointed in the background technique, the invention provides and a kind ofly adopt the wave-activated power generation method of discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism and for implementing the custom-designed system of this method, after this method is implemented, have generating efficiency height, relatively low, the simple in structure characteristics such as maintenance, device long service life of being convenient to of construction cost.In addition, the whole process that application this method is generated electricity is full-automatic adaptive process, need not to introduce in addition electric and mechanical control, the probability that greatly reduces cost of production and break down.
Technological scheme of the present invention is: this kind adopts the wave-activated power generation method of discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism, mainly comprises the steps:
Connect multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor by free wheel device, make the alternating current asynchronous generator rely on inertia can surmount the input speed of driving source when low ebb and keep on the go;
For avoiding causing the soft faults of many group alternating current asynchronous generators and car owing to the difference of the earth " point " current potential, the winding that requirement is applied to the stator coil of aforementioned multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor should be the trigonometric form connection, promptly is made as the marine electricity system enforcement of phase three-wire three trigonometric form connection according to Ac; The excitation of multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor is the electrical network excitation.
Certainly, independently generate electricity, a synchronous alternating-current generator then can be set if situation is a machine group.Driven the Wechselstrommotor of other unit by this synchronous alternating-current generator after, after these motor that driven by electricity of powered by wave energy surpassed synchronous speed, these AC asynchronous motor just became the alternating current asynchronous generator and outwards generate electricity.In addition, under this condition, an orthogonal inverter can be set also, provide 50Hz400V three phase mains by inverter, provide the starting of oscillation energy by battery earlier, after the alternating current asynchronous generator for electricity generation, rectification is to inverter and battery again.
For realizing abovementioned steps
And step
, provide following optimal way:
In wave, be equipped with free wheel device and a multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor of float, secondary right cone driving gear set, two position opposite, described float be one can be under the hydro-flow thrust effect of wave and the float that swings back and forth under the effect of float self gravitation, by the transmission of first order straight bevel gear is set, the straight reciprocating motion of float is converted to the motion that alternately rotates in a circumferential direction clockwise and counterclockwise of first order straight bevel gear axle;
On first order straight bevel gear axle, be provided with on two, the following free wheel device of arranging in opposite directions, these two identical free wheel devicees, wheel all is fixedly connected on the first order straight bevel gear axle in it, two foreign steamers then can be meshed with second level straight bevel gear simultaneously, when first order straight bevel gear axle counterclockwise rotates, the free wheel device of below is in and surmounts state, free wheel device foreign steamer drive second level straight bevel gear by the top clockwise rotates, when first order straight bevel gear axle rotates counterclockwise, the free wheel device of top is in and surmounts state, drives second level straight bevel gear by the free wheel device foreign steamer of below and clockwise rotates;
The rotor that on the straight bevel gear axle of the described second level, connects multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor, need to guarantee that the stator field sense of rotation of described multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor is identical with the sense of rotation of described second level straight bevel gear axle, the stator field sense of rotation of promptly multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor also should be clockwise direction.
Certainly, implement this method, the outstanding water surface partial fixing of the device that need will be referred to is on a platform.This platform needs firm standing in the wave.
In order to realize the wave-activated power generation method of foregoing employing discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism, the present invention also provides one specially in order to implement the system of this method, and this system is constructed as follows:
Described system is made up of some generating monomers that are incorporated into the power networks;
Described generating monomer is made of multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor, two free wheel device change gear box, fan tooth, connecting rod, float, first order straight bevel gear, second level straight bevel gear and two free wheel devicees of being combined by last free wheel device and following free wheel device;
Wherein, described float, connecting rod and fan tooth become a mass motion unit through after fixedly connected; Casing internal fixation at described pair of free wheel device change gear box has bearing spider, and described fan tooth is axially fixed on the described bearing spider by input shaft and bearing, and the to-and-fro motion of float drives the fan tooth and circumferentially swings along input shaft;
In two free wheel device change gear box, by bearing shaft to being fixed with a clutch shaft, described upward free wheel device and following free wheel device are fixed in the stage casing of clutch shaft in opposite directions, and described second level straight bevel gear is between last free wheel device and following free wheel device; The interior wheel of above-mentioned two free wheel devicees all is fixed on the clutch shaft, with described clutch shaft while, rotation in the same way, the foreign steamer of above-mentioned two free wheel devicees then is meshed with described second level straight bevel gear simultaneously, but the engaging position on the straight bevel gear of the described second level is then along vertical opposite; The foreign steamer sense of rotation of described upward free wheel device and following free wheel device is identical, but the described second level of driven straight bevel gear is according to the stator field sense of rotation rotation of described multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor;
Described first order straight bevel gear is fixed in the bottom of described clutch shaft, is meshed with described fan tooth, by the fan tooth mechanical energy is passed to first order straight bevel gear, drives the straight bevel gear motion, and moment of torsion is passed to described clutch shaft;
The output shaft that is connected with the rotor of described multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor is as the rotatingshaft of described second level straight bevel gear.
On the scheme basis that said system constitutes, provide following further optimized project:
Scheme one, described float is a ship shape, is coated with the protective layer that suppresses the marine microorganism growth on it.
Scheme two describedly goes up free wheel device and following free wheel device is ratchet type overrunning clutch, and first-selection is the magnetic force reduction type free wheel device, shown in the given free wheel device formation scheme of patent ZL01129231.8.
Scheme three, in the described system, the velocity ratio of first order straight bevel gear group is 10, and the velocity ratio of second level straight bevel gear group is 6, and described multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor is 48 utmost point three-phase AC asynchronous motors.
Scheme four also comprises an air hoist that is fixed in described pair of free wheel device change gear box top in the described system, the anchor chain bar of being drawn by this air hoist is connected on the described float.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: the alternating current asynchronous generator that method described in the present invention adopts is common multipole squirrel-cage Wechselstrommotor commonly used, during by the electric excitation of net, after rotating speed surpasses synchronous speed, but asynchronous generating then, frequency, voltage and net electricity are identical, and electric current is exported to electrical network, and it is many more to surpass synchronous speed, and generated energy is big more.After surpassing a few percent of synchronous speed, can reach rated power, therefore, have the very strong generating capacity of overburdening in short-term, can be to the discrete performance summary responses of wave energy.If for the moment have more than is needed so many electric energy of electrical network, then wave energy at this moment will be converted into the rotation function of rotor, and promptly the generator amature rotating speed can raise, and when electrical network needs, spues at once, and afterwards, rotor speed reduces.So the alternating current asynchronous generator under this method self just has the function of flywheel energy storage.
When using this method, the rotating speed that drives the speedup reforming unit when wave is during less than the synchronous speed of motor, and motor needs to absorb very from electrical network, and small-power keeps on the go, and is similar to the empty load of motor operation.At this moment, effect because of free wheel device, generator no longer has moment of torsion related with other mechanical part such as wave float, and when driving the speedup rotary device and accept wave energy that float obtains and make the rotating speed of output shaft surpass the motor synchronous rotating speed, motor changes generating state automatically over to.This process is full-automatic self adaption, and need not increases electric and mechanical control device in addition, compared with prior art, has realized high efficiency, the control of wave-activated power generation cheaply.
When using this method, the form that the alternating current asynchronous generator set can adopt several thousand monomers to be incorporated into the power networks provides excitation by electrical network.At this moment, the voltage parameter suggestion is defined as 50Hz and 1140V, and in the hope of integrating with existing general-purpose machine coil easily, transformer boosts to 6KV, 35KV or 110KV networks through gathering again.
The magnetic force reduction type free wheel device of have the nothing wearing and tearing for the custom-designed sea wave power generation system of enforcement this method has mainly adopted, the life-span being grown characteristics.This free wheel device is simple in structure, does not have wearing and tearing during clutches engaged, and long service life is very good to discrete wave energy adaptability, can effectively be converted into electric energy to discrete wave energy as much as possible.In addition, in this system, adopt the transmission of secondary straight bevel gear, transmission efficiency height, and whole device is compact, volume is little, medium tache is few, cost of production is low and be convenient to maintenance.In this system, in order to realize transmission of torque, the foreign steamer of second level straight bevel gear and free wheel device can be processed into one, and the ratchet of free wheel device and interior wheel are two axle systems separately, between the assembling two rolling bearings play the rotation supporting effect, the accuracy of transmission of torque can be improved greatly like this.
Shore line, China land reaches more than 18,000 kilometer, small island more than 6960 is individual greatly.The wave energy resource is very abundant, and total amount has 500,000,000 kilowatts approximately, can develop about 100,000,000 kilowatts.China coastal waters is controlled by monsoon, winter, the wave is high, summer, wave was little, particularly brush down at strong northerly winter, form the billow band of a northeast-southwest trend from the Huanghai Sea to the South Sea, mean wave height is more than 1 meter, and the cycle is between 4-8s, help wave-energy power generation, have wide development and utilization prospects.
Primary Calculation, build 10,000 kilowatts of seawave power generation group of planes, 1 year more than 8000 hour, remove out ice age, typhoon phase, effectively wave-activated power generation reaches 6000 hours period, 10,000 kilowatts of seawave power generation group of planes, the 6000 ten thousand kilowatt hour electric energy that can generate electricity in a year can be created 2,000 ten thousand economic benefits according to 0.3 yuan of online of every degree electricity every year.
Given this, application of the present invention will all will have great significance to alleviating energy scarcity, greenhouse effect and the environmental pollution etc. that the world faced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that is used to the system that generates electricity described in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation after two free wheel device speed-change gear box parts are amplified with the fan toothed portion among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation after the system that is used to generate electricity described in the present invention installs the anchor chain bar additional.
Fig. 4 is two free wheel device speed-change gear box parts and the mechanical structure sectional view of fanning toothed portion among Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of float described in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the tooth of fan described in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of input shaft described in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of bearing spider described in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of straight bevel gear described in the present invention.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of clutch shaft described in the present invention.
Figure 11 is the surface structure schematic representation of free wheel device described in the present invention.
Figure 12 is the structural representation of two free wheel device speed-change gear boxs described in the present invention.
The interior wheel construction schematic representation of the magnetic force reduction type free wheel device that Figure 13 is among the present invention to be adopted.
The ratchet structure schematic representation of the magnetic force reduction type free wheel device that Figure 14 is among the present invention to be adopted.
The pawl structures schematic representation of the magnetic force reduction type free wheel device that Figure 15 is among the present invention to be adopted.
The foreign steamer structural representation of the magnetic force reduction type free wheel device that Figure 16 is among the present invention to be adopted.
The ball bearing structure schematic representation of the magnetic force reduction type free wheel device that Figure 17 is among the present invention to be adopted.
The structure sectional view of the magnetic force reduction type free wheel device that Figure 18 is among the present invention to be adopted.
The axial arrangement sectional view of the magnetic force reduction type free wheel device that Figure 19 is among the present invention to be adopted.
Figure 20 is the schematic three dimensional views of two free wheel device speed-change gear box parts shown in Fig. 1 and fan toothed portion.
1-float among the figure, the 2-connecting rod, 3-fans tooth, 4-input shaft, the 5-bearing spider, 6-first order straight bevel gear, 7-clutch shaft, the last free wheel device of 8-, free wheel device under the 9-, 10-second level straight bevel gear, 11-output shaft, the multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor of 12-, wheel in the 13-, 14-permanent magnet, 15-fastening screw trip bolt, 16-ratchet, the 17-ratchet, 18-pin, 19-foreign steamer, free wheel device under the 20-, 21-anchor chain bar, 22-bearing spider, 23-rolling bearing.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Of the present invention following thought appears being based on: though, ocean inexhaustible, the nexhaustible energy that is richly stored with and since wave can effects limit such as low, the unstability of density the development and use and the development of wave energy.How to use ripe machine-building and generation technology effectively to make up, make full use of the inertial wave wave energy for generating electricity, making endlessly, wave energy is converted into the electric energy that can be our application, being a developing direction of new energy field, also is that we should drop into big human and material resources and go the problem researched and solved.In order to reach this purpose, the present invention has provided following technological scheme.
The present invention has mainly provided a kind of wave-activated power generation method that adopts discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism, and the key step of this method can be summarized as:
To the discrete type power source, the mode of utilizing free wheel device to combine with straight bevel gear is carried out mechanical to-and-fro motion and folk prescription to the conversion that rotatablely moves, thereby drive multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor generating, described discrete type power source mainly refers to wave but is not limited to wave;
Many multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor of group are set and match equipment generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems by abovementioned steps.
In addition, on the such scheme basis,, need to increase by 2 qualifications for reaching the purpose of further optimization:
First, for avoiding causing the soft faults that multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor is generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of organizing because of the difference of the earth " point " current potential more, requiring the winding of the stator coil of multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor in the abovementioned steps is the trigonometric form connection, promptly the marine electricity system that is made as phase three-wire three trigonometric form connection according to Ac is carried out, and never can use " Y " wye connection of four wire three phase and Three-phase five-wire.
The second, the excitation of described multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor is the electrical network excitation.Because in the method, as the alternating current asynchronous generator is common multipole squirrel-cage Wechselstrommotor, during by the electric excitation of net, after rotating speed surpasses synchronous speed, then can asynchronous generating, frequency, voltage and net electricity are identical, and electric current is exported to electrical network, and it is many more to surpass synchronous speed, and generated energy is big more, above after a few percent of synchronous speed, can reach rated power, have the very strong generating capacity of overburdening in short-term, can reach more than 3 times, can realize summary responses the discrete performance of wave energy.If electrical network is have more than is needed so many electric energy for the moment, then wave energy at this moment will be converted into the rotation function of rotor, and promptly the generator amature rotating speed can raise, and when electrical network needs, spue at once, and then rotor speed reduces.This shows that under this pattern, self has just had the function of flywheel energy storage the alternating current asynchronous generator.
Certainly, the qualification of electric excitation is netted in this dependence, is that a kind of optimization limits, when machine group independently generates electricity and when not having electrical network, also can adopt other excitation modes:
Mode one can be provided with a synchronous alternating-current generator, driven the Wechselstrommotor of other unit after, surpass synchronous speed as this motor that has been driven by electricity of powered by wave energy after, these AC asynchronous motor just become the alternating current asynchronous generator and outwards generate electricity.Mode two also can be provided with an orthogonal inverter, provides the starting of oscillation energy by the dc-battery group earlier, and the three-phase alternating-current supply of 50Hz, 400V is provided by orthogonal inverter again, and after the alternating current asynchronous generator for electricity generation, rectification is to inverter and the charging of dc-battery group again.
Generally, the step in the method for the invention
And step
Realization, can carry out in such a way:
At first, in wave, be equipped with free wheel device and a multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor of float, secondary right cone driving gear set, two position opposite, described float be one can be under the hydro-flow thrust effect of wave and the float that swings back and forth under the effect of float self gravitation, by the transmission of first order straight bevel gear is set, the straight reciprocating motion of float is converted to the motion that alternately rotates in a circumferential direction clockwise and counterclockwise of first order straight bevel gear axle;
Secondly, on first order straight bevel gear axle, be provided with on two, the following free wheel device of arranging in opposite directions, these two identical free wheel devicees, wheel all is fixedly connected on the first order straight bevel gear axle in it, two foreign steamers then can be meshed with second level straight bevel gear simultaneously, when first order straight bevel gear axle clockwise direction rotates, the free wheel device of below is in and surmounts state, free wheel device foreign steamer drive second level straight bevel gear by the top clockwise rotates, when first order straight bevel gear axle rotates counterclockwise, the free wheel device of top is in and surmounts state, drives second level straight bevel gear by the free wheel device foreign steamer of below and clockwise rotates;
Once more, on the straight bevel gear axle of the described second level, connect the rotor of multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor, need to guarantee that the stator field sense of rotation of described multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor is identical with the sense of rotation of described second level straight bevel gear axle.
Be given the wave-activated power generation method of implementing to adopt described in the present invention discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism below and the formation scheme of the power generation system that specialized designs forms:
At first, described power generation system is made up of some generating monomers that are incorporated into the power networks.
As shown in Figure 1, described generating monomer is made of multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor 12, two free wheel device change gear box 9, fan tooth 3, connecting rod 2, float 1, one-level straight bevel gear 6, secondary straight bevel gear 10 and two free wheel devicees of being combined by last free wheel device 8 and following free wheel device 20; Figure 12, Fig. 6, Fig. 5, Fig. 9 and Figure 11 are respectively the structural representations of two free wheel device speed-change gear boxs described in the present invention, fan tooth, float, straight bevel gear and free wheel device.
Details are as follows respectively for the concrete Placement of said modules:
At first, the output shaft 11 that is connected with the rotor of multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor 12 is as the rotatingshaft of second level straight bevel gear 10.
Secondly, described float 1, connecting rod 2 and fan tooth 3 become a mass motion unit through after fixedly connected, and this fixedly connected implementation can be welding; Casing internal fixation at described pair of free wheel device change gear box 9 has bearing spider 22, and the structural drawing of described bearing spider as shown in Figure 8; Described fan tooth 3 is axially fixed on the described bearing spider by input shaft 4 and bearing, and here, the main effect of bearing spider is exactly fixing and supports the fan tooth.After above-mentioned connection is finished, need to satisfy the to-and-fro motion drive fan tooth that to realize by float and circumferentially swing this condition along input shaft.
As Fig. 1 in conjunction with shown in Figure 2, described first order straight bevel gear 6 is fixed in the bottom of described clutch shaft 7, is meshed with described fan tooth 3, by the fan tooth mechanical energy is passed to first order straight bevel gear, the drive straight bevel gear moves, and moment of torsion is passed to described clutch shaft 7.
Last free wheel device 8 that is adopted among the present invention and following free wheel device 20 need to adopt two identical in structure ratchet type overrunning clutchs, preferred version is to select the magnetic force reduction type free wheel device for use, its structure as shown in figure 11, promptly the free wheel device formation scheme that is provided according to patent ZL01129231.8 realizes.Wheel 13 in this kind free wheel device comprises, permanent magnet 14, ratchet 16, ratchet 17, rolling bearing 23 and can with the foreign steamer 19 of straight bevel gear engagement, the structural drawing of above-mentioned parts is respectively as Figure 13, Figure 18, Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 17 and shown in Figure 16.
The working principle of this kind free wheel device is: when the sense of rotation that allows greater than the sense of rotation of the rotating speed of foreign steamer 19 and interior wheel and foreign steamer when the rotating speed of interior wheel 13 is consistent, this kind free wheel device relies on the attraction of being fixed in the permanent magnet on the interior wheel and makes the ratchet perk, make ratchet and ratchet mesh, and then drive the foreign steamer rotation, realized the effect of this clutch transmission torque.When the sense of rotation that allows greater than interior wheel speed or interior wheel sense of rotation and foreign steamer when outer wheel speed was inconsistent, ratchet and ratchet did not mesh, and clutch can not transmitting torque, and clutch promptly is and surmounts state at this moment.
This free wheel device does not have wearing and tearing during owing to engagement, as long as the intensity of ratchet reaches the working life that requirement just can guarantee clutch.And it does not have engagement load surmounting state, the motion of its ratchet only by the own wt decision with the ratchet reciprocally swinging; as long as the perk of magnetic attraction ratchet, just guaranteed that ratchet work never lost efficacy, and because of permanent magnet be fixed on the wheel; do not contact with ratchet, thereby magnet is effectively protected.This clutch, ratchet can be simple alloyed steel parts, just can sustain the thump load, therefore, this free wheel device can utilize the normal conventional material to make, the height that can realize long lifetime, high pulling torque with simple structure, are less than or equal to 2 degree return only precision, are highly suitable for being applied in the scheme proposed by the invention.In addition, when being applied to this kind clutch among the present invention, in order to realize transmission of torque, the foreign steamer of second level straight bevel gear and free wheel device can be processed into one, and the ratchet of free wheel device and interior wheel constitute two independent axle systems, between the assembling two rolling bearings 23, play rotatably supported effect.The structure of described rolling bearing 23 such as Figure 17 and shown in Figure 19.
As shown in the figure, second level straight bevel gear 10 is between last free wheel device 8 and following free wheel device 20; The interior wheel of above-mentioned two free wheel devicees all is fixed on the clutch shaft 7, with described clutch shaft while, rotation in the same way.19 of the foreign steamers of above-mentioned two free wheel devicees can be meshed with described second level straight bevel gear 10 simultaneously, but the engaging position on described second level straight bevel gear 10 is in vertical opposite state along the axial direction of free wheel device.Because this rightabout layout, make when interior wheel is in clockwise and replaces the state of rotation counterclockwise, the described foreign steamer sense of rotation that goes up free wheel device 8 and following free wheel device 20 but can keep equal state always, thereby but the described second level of driven straight bevel gear 10 rotate according to the stator field sense of rotation of described multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor 12.
On the basis of such scheme, provide several preferred versions of this power generation system:
Scheme one, described float 1 is a ship shape, the structure of float is as shown in Figure 5.Float is designed to ship shape, and one of its reason is to be used for absorbing Wave energy.It is former therefore two to be: float in seawater, is understood attached microbial for a long time unavoidably, and the float of this ship shape is owing to adopt full-closed structure, plankton can't enter float inside, can only adhere in the float outside, and measure fewerly, arrive behind certain volume mass and just can not increase again.On this basis, can also on float, be coated with the protective layer that can suppress the marine microorganism growth, stop the plankton growth as far as possible.
In fact, in the native system design of float relatively crucial, float size, shape and wave wave height, cycle have determined how many energy device can absorb.Generally speaking, the float design will be satisfied the requirement of following two aspects:
The first, need certain head sea length and area, obtain enough Wave energies.
The second, the float backhaul relies on gravity to overcome moment of torsion, so will satisfy certain quality.
Drying moat outside a city wall the island, city with Bo Haibei is example, 1～1.2 meter of Bohai Sea wave height, and wave period is about 4.5 seconds.About 45 ° of the average amplitudes of oscillation of electricity generating device float are then exported 150～200r/min, are about 10Kw if make output power, according to gearbox drive efficient about 96%.Generator efficiency 85%, it is about 12Kw that system mechanics and power generation part total efficiency 80% such float absorb effective wave power.Float absorbs on the wave efficiency theory up to 70%, water screw theoretical efficiency, the turbine theoretical efficiency of wind-powered electricity generation only 50%, actual 35～40%., actual float absorption efficiency is about 60%, so will absorb the above effective wave energy of 12Kw, then float wave energy head of living in need reach more than the 20Kw, according to P=TH
2, Bohai Sea Gulf wave energy P ≈ 6.5Kw/m, float length is about 3m like this, the wave that heads on, by 1～1.2 meter of wave wave height, diameter is got about 1m, the about 2.4m3 of volume, the float long side surface is met wave.Output shaft rotating speed 150～200r/min, output power is about 10Kw, can obtain output shaft torque is about 550Nm, according to total velocity ratio
, input torque is about 33000Nm, and its length shown in the float lever is about 5m, and input torque 33000Nm is produced by float, passes to first order straight bevel gear group by connecting rod.
When float is in the journey peak, initial position when also being the float backhaul, this moment float connecting rod and vertically probably be 45 °, in the time of the float backhaul, float backhaul moment is produced by float gravity and wave backflow power, and gravity produces moment and accounts for leading, account for 2/3 of total backhaul moment, be 22000Nm, can derive the about 650kG of float quality, just can overcome backhaul moment by the moment formula.
Scheme two, in the described power generation system, the velocity ratio of first order straight bevel gear group is 10, and the velocity ratio of second level straight bevel gear group is 6, and described multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor is 48 utmost point three-phase AC asynchronous motors.Drawing of this optimized project is according to the oceanographic observation statistics, and annual mean wave in coastal marine site is high about 2 meters, and wave period is about 6 seconds.Coastal seashore wave energy density 5-8KW/m such as Taiwan and Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangdong.Because native system adopts the transmission of secondary straight bevel gear, the straight bevel gear group is littler than spur gear wheel volume, and its profile of tooth is simple, and easy to manufacture, cost is lower.First order straight bevel gear velocity ratio is designed to
, second level straight bevel gear velocity ratio is designed to
, total velocity ratio
, in theory, wave promotes float and rotates, and float produces input shaft is produced moment and rotational velocity, and through behind the whole equipment mechanism, output shaft torque becomes 1/60 of input shaft torque, and the output shaft rotating speed becomes 60 times of input shaft rotating speed.According to wave cycle and mechanism design velocity ratio, deriving the output shaft rotating speed is about 125r/min.Select 48 grades of three-phase AC asynchronous motors in view of the above for use, synchronous speed 125r/min.When wave energy promotion float, when the output shaft speed rotating speed was greater than or equal to 125r/min, output shaft drove AC asynchronous motor and rotates generating, and be effective wave this moment, and wave energy transforms into electric energy; When wave energy promotes float, the output shaft speed rotating speed is during less than 125r/min, two free wheel devicees all are and surmount state, and interior wheel and foreign steamer break away from, and wheel speed is low in this moment, foreign steamer speed height, AC asynchronous motor drives foreign steamer and keeps rotation, absorbs electric energy from electrical network and keeps this rotating speed, and this moment, motor was unloaded, power consumption is minimum, and wave is invalid wave.
Scheme three as shown in Figure 3, also comprises an air hoist that is fixed in described pair of free wheel device change gear box top in the described system, the anchor chain bar 21 of being drawn by this air hoist is connected on the described float 1.Carrying out this improved reason is: China shore line reaches more than 18000 kilometer, and there is the ice age winter in the shore line to the north of the Shandong Peninsula.If seawave power generation is carried out in the shore line in these locations, deicer is indispensable.Landfast ice, ice is bigger to the float damage, and device can't run well, and ice melts period, and wave promotes ice cube has bigger impact loss to device.Be protective gear,, the float pull-up come, make it break away from the sea ice face with air hoist in the ice age.In addition, but in the sudden and violent net grid of float incoming flow dead ahead anti-wind device stake group, can resist floating ice.
Concrete working procedure is as follows after using the present invention: when going journey, promptly after the journey swing was gone in the formation of wave stroke float, clutch shaft was driven, and does counterclockwise rotatablely moving.This moment, moment of torsion was delivered on the interior wheel 13 of free wheel device 1, also do and rotate counterclockwise, thereby, pin 18 and ratchet 17 in being installed on the wheel 13, also will move counterclockwise, at this moment the ratchet in the ratchet 16 in ratchet 18 and the foreign steamer is meshed, and transfers torque on the foreign steamer, rotates counterclockwise in the same way thereby drive foreign steamer.Permanent magnet in the free wheel device works to hold the ratchet afterbody at this moment, guarantees that the ratchet head withstands the ratchet in the ratchet 16 more securely.At this moment, ratchet in the following free wheel device on the wheel and the ratchet on its ratchet be engagement not, and promptly clutch is in and surmounts state, and therefore the interior wheel of free wheel device is only done counterclockwise circular movement down, can not transfer torque on its corresponding foreign steamer, foreign steamer does not rotate with interior wheel.During backhaul, promptly when float was done drawback movement owing to self gravitation, the working state of above-mentioned two free wheel devicees and process were just in time opposite.At this moment, clutch shaft is fanned the tooth swing and is being driven along clockwise rotating, the interior wheel of free wheel device is also done clockwise motion thereupon on this moment, because and its foreign steamer direction of rotation, the interior wheel of free wheel device and foreign steamer break away from this moment, be in and surmount state, moment of torsion can not be passed to effectively its corresponding foreign steamer, therefore go up the foreign steamer of free wheel device and do not work this moment.Interior wheel of free wheel device and ratchet are also done with clutch shaft and are clockwise rotated at present for these, because it is identical with the foreign steamer sense of rotation of following free wheel device, its ratchet just in time is meshed with ratchet in the ratchet on the foreign steamer, in running order, can transfer torque on the foreign steamer, its circumference of doing is in the same way rotated.Like this, no matter float go journey or backhaul, all can have the foreign steamer of a free wheel device to drive second level straight bevel gear and do and clockwise rotate.
Because the rotatingshaft of second level straight bevel gear is exactly the output shaft of multipole squirrel-cage three-phase AC asynchronous motor rotor, the sense of rotation in this motor stator magnetic field is for turning clockwise, therefore, when the output shaft speed rotating speed is greater than or equal to synchronous speed, output shaft drives the alternating current asynchronous generator and rotates generating, be effective wave this moment, and wave energy transforms into electric energy; When wave energy promotes float, the output shaft speed rotating speed is during less than synchronous speed, two free wheel devicees all are and surmount state, interior wheel and foreign steamer break away from, and wheel speed is low in this moment, foreign steamer speed height, AC asynchronous motor drives foreign steamer and keeps rotation, absorb electric energy from electrical network and keep this rotating speed, this moment, motor was that unloaded power consumption is minimum, and wave is invalid wave.
Claims (10)
1. a wave-activated power generation method that adopts discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism comprises the steps:
Connect multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor by free wheel device, make the alternating current asynchronous generator rely on inertia can surmount the input speed of driving source when low ebb and keep on the go;
2. a kind of wave-activated power generation method that adopts discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the winding that is applied to the stator coil of the multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor described in the claim 1 is the trigonometric form connection, and Ac is made as the marine electricity system of phase three-wire three trigonometric form connection; The excitation of multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor is the electrical network excitation.
3. a kind of wave-activated power generation method that adopts discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the winding that is applied to the stator coil of the multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor described in the claim 1 is the trigonometric form connection, and Ac is made as the marine electricity system of phase three-wire three trigonometric form connection; The excitation of multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor is for being provided the electrical network energy of initial starting of oscillation by a synchronous alternating-current generator.
4. a kind of wave-activated power generation method that adopts discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the winding that is applied to the stator coil of the multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor described in the claim 1 is the trigonometric form connection, and Ac is made as the marine electricity system of phase three-wire three trigonometric form connection; The excitation of multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor realizes by an orthogonal inverter.
5. according to claim 2,3 or 4 described a kind of wave-activated power generation methods that adopt discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism, it is characterized in that step described in the claim 1
And step
Realization, carry out in such a way:
In wave, be equipped with free wheel device and a multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor of float, secondary right cone driving gear set, two position opposite, described float be one can be under the hydro-flow thrust effect of wave and the float that swings back and forth under the effect of float self gravitation, by the transmission of first order straight bevel gear is set, the straight reciprocating motion of float is converted to the motion that alternately rotates in a circumferential direction clockwise and counterclockwise of first order straight bevel gear axle;
On first order straight bevel gear axle, be provided with on two, the following free wheel device of arranging in opposite directions, these two identical free wheel devicees, wheel all is fixedly connected on the first order straight bevel gear axle in it, two foreign steamers then can be meshed with second level straight bevel gear simultaneously, when first order straight bevel gear axle counterclockwise rotates, the free wheel device of below is in and surmounts state, free wheel device foreign steamer drive second level straight bevel gear by the top clockwise rotates, when first order straight bevel gear axle rotates counterclockwise, the free wheel device of top is in and surmounts state, drives second level straight bevel gear by the free wheel device foreign steamer of below and clockwise rotates;
The rotor that connects multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor on the straight bevel gear axle of the described second level needs to guarantee that the stator field sense of rotation of described multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor is identical with the sense of rotation of described second level straight bevel gear axle.
6. system that is used to implement adopt described in the claim 1 the wave-activated power generation method of discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism is characterized in that:
Described system is made up of some generating monomers that are incorporated into the power networks;
Described generating monomer is by multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor (12), two free wheel device change gear box (9), fan tooth (3), connecting rod (2), float (1), first order straight bevel gear (6), second level straight bevel gear (10) and two free wheel devicees formations of being combined by last free wheel device (8) and following free wheel device (20);
Wherein, described float (1), connecting rod (2) and fan tooth (3) become a mass motion unit after fixedly connected; Casing internal fixation at described pair of free wheel device change gear box (9) has bearing spider (22), described fan tooth is axially fixed on the described bearing spider by input shaft (4) and bearing, and the to-and-fro motion of float (1) drives fan tooth (3) along circumferentially swing of input shaft (4);
In two free wheel device change gear box (9), by bearing shaft to being fixed with a clutch shaft (7), described upward free wheel device (8) and following free wheel device (20) are fixed in the stage casing of clutch shaft (7) in opposite directions, and described second level straight bevel gear (10) is positioned between free wheel device (8) and the following free wheel device (20); The interior wheel of above-mentioned two free wheel devicees all is fixed on the clutch shaft (7), with described clutch shaft while, rotation in the same way, the foreign steamer of above-mentioned two free wheel devicees (19) then is meshed with described second level straight bevel gear (10) simultaneously, but the engaging position on described second level straight bevel gear (10) is then along vertical opposite; Described upward free wheel device (8) is identical with the foreign steamer sense of rotation of following free wheel device (20), but the described second level of driven straight bevel gear (10) is according to the stator field sense of rotation rotation of described multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor (12);
Described first order straight bevel gear (6) is fixed in the bottom of described clutch shaft (7), is meshed with described fan tooth (3), by the fan tooth mechanical energy is passed to first order straight bevel gear, drives the straight bevel gear motion, and moment of torsion is passed to described clutch shaft;
The output shaft (11) that is connected with the rotor of described multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor (12) is as the rotatingshaft of described second level straight bevel gear (10).
7. a kind of system that is used to implement to adopt described in the claim 1 the wave-activated power generation method of discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism according to claim 6; it is characterized in that: described float (1) is ship shape, is coated with the protective layer that suppresses the marine microorganism growth on it.
8. a kind of system that is used to implement to adopt described in the claim 1 the wave-activated power generation method of discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described upward free wheel device (8) and following free wheel device (20) are ratchet type overrunning clutch.
9. a kind of system that is used to implement to adopt described in the claim 1 the wave-activated power generation method of discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: in the described system, the velocity ratio of first order straight bevel gear group is 10, the velocity ratio of second level straight bevel gear group is 6, and described multipole squirrel-cage AC asynchronous motor (12) is 48 utmost point three-phase AC asynchronous motors.
10. a kind of system that is used to implement to adopt described in the claim 1 the wave-activated power generation method of discrete type alternating current asynchronous generator and car mechanism according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: also comprise an air hoist that is fixed in described pair of free wheel device change gear box (9) top in the described system, the anchor chain bar (21) of being drawn by this air hoist is connected on the described float (1).
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| CN103206338A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-07-17 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Wave power generating device |
| CN103807086A (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2014-05-21 | 集美大学 | Spherical pendulum direct drive type wave power generation device |
| CN104454321A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-25 | 天津市景宝荣春科技有限公司 | Full-closed pendulum bob inner sense wave power generation system |
| TWI644019B (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2018-12-11 | 吳欽發 | One-way conversion device and power system having the same |
| CN109356779A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-02-19 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of the comb type breakwater unit and system of integrated oscillaton water column type and canard power generator of nodding |
| CN109695555A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-30 | 四川云智云造科技有限公司 | A kind of multi-factor structure reciprocating power power generator |
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| CN110486214A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-11-22 | 大连理工大学 | Based on single pendulum wave energy generating set |
| CN111878289A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-03 | 大连海事大学 | Novel magnetic field modulation lamp buoy wave energy power generation device |
| CN111878289B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-06-25 | 大连海事大学 | Magnetic field modulation lamp buoy wave energy power generation device |
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