CN101997649B - Method and device for processing MU-MIMO (Multiuser Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) based on orthogonal diversity - Google Patents

Method and device for processing MU-MIMO (Multiuser Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) based on orthogonal diversity Download PDF

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CN101997649B
CN101997649B CN200910091472.1A CN200910091472A CN101997649B CN 101997649 B CN101997649 B CN 101997649B CN 200910091472 A CN200910091472 A CN 200910091472A CN 101997649 B CN101997649 B CN 101997649B
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CN101997649A (en
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郭森宝
姜静
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Suzhou Medical Device Industry Development Group Co ltd
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ZTE Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452Multi-user MIMO systems

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for processing multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) based on orthogonal diversity, which comprises the steps of: precoding data flows of different users by independent delamination and specific orthogonal diversity, and mapping the data in a space-frequency coded matrix; carrying out multiuser precoding or beam forming (BF) processing on data of different users in the space-frequency coded matrix; and transmitting the processed data subjected to resource mapping outside through a transmitting antenna. The invention also discloses a device for processing MU-MIMO based on orthogonal diversity. By using the method and the device, the processing of multiuser transmitting diversity is realized, the resources of the antenna and carrier waves are fully used, and more users can be multiplexed under the same resource consumption.

Description

A kind of MU-MIMO processing method and device based on orthogonal set
Technical field
The present invention relates to Long Term Evolution (LTE, Long Term Evolution) transmit diversity techniques in system, relate in particular to a kind of multi-user's multiple-input and multiple-output (MU-MIMO, Multiple UserMultiple Input Multiple Output) processing method and device based on orthogonal set.
Background technology
In LTE system, the descending diversity mode having defined when transmitting antenna is 2 antenna is space-frequency coding (SFBC, Space-Frequency Block Codes), and encoder matrix is shown below:
In above formula, the tranmitting frequency corresponding to each row of matrix, the transmitting antenna corresponding to each row of matrix; S 1represent that first is mapped to the data of subcarrier (Subcarrier) 1, S constantly 2represent that second is mapped to the data of Subcarrier 2, S constantly 1 *and S 2 *represent respectively S 1and S 2conjugation.
Diversity mode when transmitting antenna is 4 antenna is SFBC+ frequency switched diversity (FSTD, FrequencySwitching Transmit Diversity), and encoder matrix is shown below:
In above formula, the tranmitting frequency corresponding to each row of matrix, the transmitting antenna corresponding to each row of matrix; S 1represent that first is mapped to the data of Subcarrier 1, S constantly 2represent that second is mapped to the data of Subcarrier 2, S constantly 3represent that the 3rd is mapped to the data of Subcarrier 3, S constantly 4represent that the 4th is mapped to the data of Subcarrier 4, S constantly 1 *, S 2 *, S 3 *and S 4 *represent respectively S 1, S 2, S 3and S 4conjugation.
In the existing version of LTE, 4 antennas do not make full use of antenna and carrier resource while sending, and have only adopted the emission diversity scheme at alone family, do not relate to multi-user orthogonal diversity multiplexing, thereby have limited the performance of LTE.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of MU-MIMO processing method and device based on orthogonal set, to realize multi-user's transmit diversity, processes.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The invention provides a kind of multi-user's multiple-input and multiple-output MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set, the method comprises:
The data flow of different user, by independently layering and specific orthogonal set precoding, is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding;
The data of different user in described space-frequency coding matrix are carried out respectively to multi-user pre-coding or beam forming BF processing, and the data after processing are outwards launched by transmitting antenna after resource mapping.
The method further comprises: when number of transmit antennas is more than or equal to 8, the matrix of described specific orthogonal set precoding is:
S 11 S 23 - S 12 * - S 24 * S 12 S 24 S 11 * S 23 * S 21 S 13 - S 22 * - S 14 * S 22 S 14 S 21 * S 13 *
Wherein, S 1irepresent the data that user 1 sends, S 2irepresent the data that user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4;
User 1 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by complementary diversity pre-coding matrix.
The method further comprises: when number of transmit antennas is more than or equal to 8, the matrix of described specific orthogonal set precoding is:
S 11 S 12 S 23 S 24 - S 12 * S 11 * - S 24 * S 23 * S 21 S 22 S 13 S 14 - S 22 * S 21 * - S 14 * S 13 *
Wherein, S 1irepresent the data that user 1 sends, S 2irepresent the data that user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4;
User 1 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by complementary diversity pre-coding matrix.
The method further comprises: when number of transmit antennas is more than or equal to 8, the matrix of described specific orthogonal set precoding is:
S 11 S 12 - S 13 * - S 14 * - S 1 2 * S 11 * S 14 - S 13 S 13 S 1 4 S 11 * S 12 * - S 14 * S 13 * - S 12 S 11 , S 21 S 22 - S 23 * - S 24 * - S 22 * S 21 * S 24 - S 23 S 23 S 24 S 21 * S 22 * - S 24 * S 23 * - S 22 S 21
Wherein, S 1irepresent the data that user 1 sends, S 2irepresent the data that user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4;
User 1 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix identical with user 1.
Described multi-user pre-coding or BF process, and are specially:
The data of the different user in the matrix of described space-frequency coding are multiplied by respectively to different precoding vectors, or are multiplied by different B F vector.
The present invention also provides a kind of MU-MIMO processing unit based on orthogonal set, and this device comprises:
Orthogonal set precoding module, for to the data flow of different user by layering and specific orthogonal set precoding, be mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding;
Multi-user pre-coding module, processes for the data of the different user of the matrix of described space-frequency coding being carried out respectively to multi-user pre-coding or BF;
Transmitter module, for by the data after described multi-user pre-coding resume module through the backward outer transmitting of resource mapping.
When number of transmit antennas is more than or equal to 8, described orthogonal set precoding module is further used for, user 1 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by complementary diversity pre-coding matrix.
When number of transmit antennas is more than or equal to 8, described orthogonal set precoding module is further used for, user 1 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix identical with user 1.
Described multi-user pre-coding module is further used for, and the data of the different user in the matrix of described space-frequency coding are multiplied by respectively to different precoding vectors, or is multiplied by different B F vector.
A kind of MU-MIMO processing method and device based on orthogonal set provided by the present invention,, is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by independently layering and specific orthogonal set precoding the data flow of different user; Then the data of different user are carried out respectively to multi-user pre-coding or beam forming (BF) and process, and by the data after processing through the backward outer transmitting of resource mapping.The present invention is multiplexing by multi-user's orthogonal set, takes full advantage of the resource of antenna and carrier wave, multiplexing more user under identical resource consumption; In the situation that do not increase extra pilot-frequency expense, can obtain good performance gain; Utilize precoding and BF technology to eliminate the interference between multi-user, and increased diversity gain for alone family.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that in the embodiment of the present invention, the MU-MIMO based on orthogonal set processes;
Fig. 3 is the composition structural representation of a kind of MU-MIMO processing unit based on orthogonal set of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated.
A kind of MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set provided by the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprises the following steps:
Step 101, base station, is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by independently layering and specific orthogonal set precoding the data flow of different user.
Step 102, carries out respectively multi-user pre-coding or beam forming (BF, Beamforming) processing to the data of the different user in the matrix of space-frequency coding.
Concrete, the data of the different user in the matrix of space-frequency coding are multiplied by respectively to different precoding vectors, or are multiplied by different B F vector.And precoding vectors or BF vector can be according to the interchangeability of up-downgoing interchannel, or according to up channel, the information feedback of down channel is calculated.
Step 103 is outwards launched the data after processing by transmitting antenna after resource mapping.
By theory analysis and simulating, verifying, all proved that diversity output signal is sent into respectively to independently wave beam forms array at present, certain is put forward (Alamouti) diversity and compares the gain that can obtain 6dB with Ah coming, and wherein the encoder matrix of Alamouti diversity is S 1 S 2 - S 2 * S 1 * , S1 and S2 are the symbol before encoding, the corresponding adjacent moment of row or side frequency after encoding by Alamouti, and row represent different transmitting antennas.In addition, under SFBC, utilize precoding technique can eliminate the interference between multi-user, and can be by selecting best precoding vectors that diversity performance is further strengthened.Therefore the present invention forms and transmit diversity in conjunction with precoding wave beam, the multi-user diversity method of design LTE-Advanced system.
Wherein, transmitting antenna is that the corresponding relation in the deversity scheme of 4 antennas is:
Subcarrier S 11 - S 12 * S 12 S 11 * User 1
Subcarrier S 21 - S 22 * S 22 S 21 * User 2
S 1ifor the data that user 1 sends, S 2ifor the data that user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4.
Transmitting antenna is that the corresponding relation in the deversity scheme of 8 antennas is:
Subcarrier S 11 - S 12 * S 12 S 11 * User 1
Subcarrier S 21 - S 22 * S 22 S 21 * User 2
Subcarrier S 11 S 23 - S 12 * - S 24 * S 12 S 24 S 11 * S 23 * S 21 S 13 - S 22 * - S 14 * S 22 S 14 S 21 * S 13 *
The in the situation that of 8 antenna, adopt the two antenna space-frequency codings at most can multiplexing 4 users, the coding method while adopting 8 antenna, precoding vectors not only can be eliminated multi-user interference, can also strengthen user's signal energy.
When expanding to transmitting antenna and being N (N >=8) antenna, the corresponding relation in corresponding deversity scheme is:
Subcarrier S 11 - S 12 * S 12 S 11 * User 1
Subcarrier S 21 - S 22 * S 22 S 21 * User 2
Subcarrier S N / 2,1 - S N / 2,2 * S N / 2,2 S N / 2,1 * User N/2
Subcarrier S 11 S 23 - S 12 * - S 24 * S 12 S 24 S 11 * S 23 * S 21 S 13 - S 22 * - S 14 * S 22 S 14 S 21 * S 13 *
Wherein, S nifor the data that user n sends, n=1,2,3 ..., N/2, i=1,2,3,4.The in the situation that of N antenna, employing two antenna space-frequency codings at most can a multiplexing N/2 user.Coding method while adopting N antenna when number of users is less than N/2, precoding vectors not only can be eliminated multi-user interference, can also strengthen user's signal energy.
The schematic diagram that the MU-MIMO shown in Fig. 2 of take below processes is basis, and in conjunction with specific embodiments above-mentioned MU-MIMO processing method is further elaborated.
Mono-: 4 antenna multi-user 2 antenna diversity encoder matrix of embodiment are as follows:
Subcarrier S 11 - S 12 * S 12 S 11 * User 1
Subcarrier S 21 - S 22 * S 22 S 21 * User 2
Two streams (user 1 data flow and user's 2 data flow) of different user are assigned to respectively on two layers, carry out separately orthogonal set precoding, then for different users, be multiplied by different precoding vectors or BF vector, then by actual antennas, launch user data after resource mapping.
Precoding vectors herein or BF vector are in order to eliminate the interference between multi-user on the one hand, by ZF (ZF, Zero Forcing), block diagonalization (BD, Block Diagnolization) and the uncommon agate precoding (THP of Tomlinson-Harrar, Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding) mode such as, or carry out Interference Cancellation by multi-user's weight vectors pairing criterion; Be in order to strengthen each user's diversity gain on the other hand, can maximum Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR, the Signal to InterferencNoise Ratio) criterion based on Eigenvalues Decomposition calculate weight vectors.
Under open loop case, utilize the interchangeability of channel, and by the estimation of the channel correlation matrix of up link is calculated to descending channel correlation matrix, to determine multi-user's vector pairing; Or adopt up ePlus link to calculate that ripple reaches angle (AOA, Angle of Arrival) thereby the BF vector that determines each user, select two users' pairings of two users (BF vector quadrature) of two differential seat angle maximums.Under closed-loop case, can select the user of two precoding vectors quadratures to match by feedback precoding codebook index (PMI, Precoding Matrix Index), also can feedback channel information (H i), and utilizing ZF or BD, THP algorithm to realize interference between multi-user and eliminate, autocorrelation matrix that also can feedback matrix, utilizes user's pairing algorithm to realize two pairings between user.
Bis-: 8 antenna multi-user 2 antenna diversity encoder matrixs of embodiment are as follows:
Subcarrier S 11 - S 12 * S 12 S 11 * User 1
Subcarrier S 21 - S 22 * S 22 S 21 * User 2
Subcarrier S 31 - S 32 * S 32 S 31 * User 3
Subcarrier S 41 - S 42 * S 42 S 41 * User 4
In 8 antenna situations during multiplexing 4 users, first the first two user's stream is mapped on four layers, then latter two user's stream is mapped on other four layers, then carry out separately the precoding of orthogonal set, then for different users, be multiplied by different precoding vectors or BF vector, finally by crossing resource mapping (being mapped to identical running time-frequency resource), by actual antennas, send again.The computational methods of precoding vectors or BF vector are identical with embodiment mono-.
It is pointed out that when adopting channel information to be PMI or order index (RI, Rank Index), when there is no best quadrature weight vectors, can adopt letter to leak and make an uproar than the matching method of (SLNR, Signal to LeakageNoise Ratio).In 8 antenna situations, during multiplexing user still less, precoding vectors not only can be eliminated multi-user interference, can also strengthen user's signal energy.
Tri-: 8 antenna multi-user 4 antenna diversity encoder matrixs of embodiment:
Subcarrier S 11 S 23 - S 12 * - S 24 * S 12 S 24 S 11 * S 23 * S 21 S 13 - S 22 * - S 14 * S 22 S 14 S 21 * S 13 *
User 1 is mapped to modulation symbol in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 adopts complementary diversity pre-coding matrix that modulation symbol is mapped in space-frequency coding matrix, then user 1 and 2 carries out respectively multi-user pre-coding or BF processing, finally by crossing resource mapping, sends by actual antennas again.Adopt the diversity of 8 antennas can obtain good diversity gain, and adopted 8 antenna BF not only can eliminate multi-user interference, can also strengthen user's signal energy.Concrete precoding vectors or BF vector calculate described in embodiment mono-.
Tetra-: 8 antenna multi-user 4 antenna diversity encoder matrixs of embodiment:
Subcarrier S 11 S 12 S 23 S 24 - S 12 * S 11 * - S 24 * S 23 * S 21 S 22 S 13 S 14 - S 22 * S 21 * - S 14 * S 13 *
User 1 is mapped to modulation symbol in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 adopts complementary diversity pre-coding matrix that modulation symbol is mapped in space-frequency coding matrix, then user 1 and 2 carries out respectively multi-user pre-coding or BF processing, finally by crossing resource mapping, sends by actual antennas again.Be the different of diversity pre-coding matrix from the difference of example three.Concrete precoding vectors or BF vector calculate described in embodiment mono-.
Five: 8 antenna multi-user 4 antenna diversity encoder matrixs of embodiment:
Subcarrier S 11 S 12 - S 13 * - S 14 * - S 12 * S 11 * S 14 - S 13 S 13 S 14 S 11 * S 12 * - S 14 * S 13 * - S 12 S 11 User 1
Subcarrier S 21 S 22 - S 23 * - S 24 * - S 22 * S 21 * S 24 - S 23 S 23 S 24 S 21 * S 22 * - S 24 * S 23 * - S 22 S 21 User 2
User 1 is mapped to modulation symbol in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 adopts identical diversity pre-coding matrix that modulation symbol is mapped in space-frequency coding matrix, then user 1 and 2 carries out respectively multi-user pre-coding or BF processing, finally by crossing resource mapping (multi-user takies identical resource), sends by actual antennas again.Be the different of diversity pre-coding matrix from the difference of previous examples.This pre-coding matrix can provide better diversity gain.Concrete precoding vectors or BF vector calculate described in embodiment mono-.
For realizing the above-mentioned MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set, the present invention also provides a kind of MU-MIMO processing unit based on orthogonal set, as shown in Figure 3, this device comprises: orthogonal set precoding module 10, multi-user pre-coding module 20 and transmitter module 30.Orthogonal set precoding module 10, for to the data flow of different user by layering and specific orthogonal set precoding, be mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding.Multi-user pre-coding module 20, for the data of the different user of the matrix of space-frequency coding being carried out respectively to multi-user pre-coding or BF, process, concrete: the data of the different user in the matrix of space-frequency coding are multiplied by respectively to different precoding vectors, or are multiplied by different B F vector.Transmitter module 30, for the data after multi-user pre-coding module 20 is processed through the backward outer transmitting of resource mapping.
Multi-user pre-coding module 20 can be according to the interchangeability of up-downgoing interchannel, or according to up channel, the information feedback of down channel is calculated to precoding vectors or BF vector.Under open loop case, can utilize the interchangeability of channel, and calculate descending channel correlation matrix by the estimation of the channel correlation matrix to up, to determine multi-user's vector pairing; Or adopt up link to calculate AOA, to determine each user's BF vector.Under closed-loop case, by feedback PMI, select the user of two precoding vectors quadratures to match; Or by feedback channel information H i, and the interference that utilizes ZF or BD, THP algorithm to carry out between multi-user is eliminated; Or by the autocorrelation matrix of feedback matrix, and utilize user's pairing algorithm to carry out the pairing between two users.
When number of transmit antennas is more than or equal to 8, orthogonal set precoding module 10 is further used for, user 1 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by complementation or identical diversity pre-coding matrix.
It is pointed out that the SFBC encoding scheme adopting in the present invention can have various deformation, thus quadrature empty frequently or Space Time Coding unit can substitute SFBC herein, SFBC+FSTD encoding scheme, and within the protection scope of the present invention that all should comprise.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. the multi-user's multiple-input and multiple-output MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set, is characterized in that, the method comprises:
The data flow of different user, by independently layering and specific orthogonal set precoding, is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding;
The data of different user in described space-frequency coding matrix are carried out respectively to multi-user pre-coding or beam forming BF processing, and the data after processing are outwards launched by transmitting antenna after resource mapping;
When number of transmit antennas is more than or equal to 8, described method also comprises: user 1 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by complementary diversity pre-coding matrix; Or,
User 1 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix identical with user 1.
2. the MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when user 1 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, while being mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by complementary diversity pre-coding matrix to user 2 data flow, the matrix of described specific orthogonal set precoding is:
S 11 S 23 - S 12 * - S 24 * S 12 S 24 S 11 * S 23 * S 21 S 13 - S 22 * - S 14 * S 22 S 14 S 21 * S 13 *
Wherein, S 1irepresent the data that user 1 sends, S 2irepresent the data that user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4.
3. the MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when user 1 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, while being mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by complementary diversity pre-coding matrix to user 2 data flow, the matrix of described specific orthogonal set precoding is:
S 11 S 12 S 23 S 24 - S 12 * S 11 * - S 24 * S 23 * S 21 S 22 S 13 S 14 - S 22 * S 21 * - S 14 * S 13 *
Wherein, S 1irepresent the data that user 1 sends, S 2irepresent the data that user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4.
4. the MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when user 1 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, while being mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix identical with user 1 to user 2 data flow, the matrix of described specific orthogonal set precoding is:
S 11 S 12 - S 13 * - S 14 * - S 12 * S 11 * S 14 - S 13 S 13 S 14 S 11 * S 12 * - S 14 * S 13 * - S 12 S 11 , S 21 S 22 - S 23 * - S 24 * - S 22 * S 21 * S 24 - S 23 S 23 S 24 S 21 * S 22 * - S 24 * S 23 * - S 22 S 21
Wherein, S 1irepresent the data that user 1 sends, S 2irepresent the data that user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4.
5. according to the MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, described multi-user pre-coding or BF process, and are specially:
The data of the different user in the matrix of described space-frequency coding are multiplied by respectively to different precoding vectors, or are multiplied by different B F vector.
6. the multi-user's multiple-input and multiple-output MU-MIMO processing unit based on orthogonal set, is characterized in that, this device comprises:
Orthogonal set precoding module, for to the data flow of different user by layering and specific orthogonal set precoding, be mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding;
Multi-user pre-coding module, processes for the data of the different user of the matrix of described space-frequency coding being carried out respectively to multi-user pre-coding or beam forming BF;
Transmitter module, for by the data after described multi-user pre-coding resume module through the backward outer transmitting of resource mapping;
When number of transmit antennas is more than or equal to 8, described orthogonal set precoding module is further used for,
User 1 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by complementary diversity pre-coding matrix; Or,
User 1 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 data flow is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix identical with user 1.
7. the MU-MIMO processing unit based on orthogonal set according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described multi-user pre-coding module is further used for, and the data of the different user in the matrix of described space-frequency coding are multiplied by respectively to different precoding vectors, or is multiplied by different B F vector.
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CN101291451A (en) * 2007-04-18 2008-10-22 华为技术有限公司 Downlink data transmission method and apparatus for multicast and broadcast service
CN101047417A (en) * 2007-04-20 2007-10-03 哈尔滨工程大学 Selection preprocess method for downlink link antenna of multi-user MIMO system

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