CN101989748A - Solar energy charging device and charging method - Google Patents
Solar energy charging device and charging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101989748A CN101989748A CN 200910055711 CN200910055711A CN101989748A CN 101989748 A CN101989748 A CN 101989748A CN 200910055711 CN200910055711 CN 200910055711 CN 200910055711 A CN200910055711 A CN 200910055711A CN 101989748 A CN101989748 A CN 101989748A
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Abstract
The invention provides a solar energy charging device and a charging method, relating to the field of solar energy utilization. The utilization ratio of solar energy is effectively improved by using the device and the method of the invention. The solar energy charging device comprises a solar cell, a power control module, a voltage regulation circuit, a reference voltage generation circuit, a voltage comparison and control circuit and a rechargeable cell, wherein the solar cell converts the solar energy to electric energy, so that the electric energy is provided for the rechargeable cell via the power control module; and the rechargeable cell transmits regulation voltage generated by the voltage regulation circuit and reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation circuit to the voltage comparison and control circuit, and the voltage comparison and control circuit,switches on or off the power control module by comparison of two input and output voltage control signals to achieve the charging and over-charging protection of the rechargeable cell. The invention also provides the charging method by using the solar energy charging device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of field of solar energy utilization, relate in particular to a kind of solar charging device and charging method.
Background technology
Energy-saving and environmental protection, green energy resource etc. are the development topic and the trend in current energy source use field.Solar energy is as a kind of natural energy resources of environmental protection, and it utilizes mode and method also to be subjected to more concern.
In present electronic application field,, can provide the energy for electronic equipment by solar energy for the reasonable use energy more; Generally all be to rechargeable battery charging and storage, again to power electronic equipment by solar energy.In addition, work under some instrument and equipment lowered in field environment, can not utilize conventional mains-supplied, utilize the solar powered first-selection that just becomes.
Referring to Fig. 1, under identical illuminate condition, the open circuit voltage Umax of solar cell is maximum exportable voltage, and the electric current I max during short circuit is a maximum output current.Short circuit current has defined the service behaviour of solar cell with open circuit voltage, so solar cell is considered to the power supply of " current limited ".Output current increases, and output voltage then reduces, up to finally being reduced to zero.
Power output is the product of output voltage and electric current, and in solar energy output voltage-current curve, the point of U and I product maximum is exactly maximum power point Pmax.In order to improve the solar energy utilization ratio, when charging to energy storage device with solar cell, maximum power point is found in total hope, allows solar cell charge the battery with maximum power.This need at first will test the solar panels performance when reality is used, and makes the current-voltage curve under the various conditions of illumination, determines maximum power Pmax point and corresponding electric current thereof under the various conditions, referring to Fig. 2.
Application number is 01138685.1, denomination of invention is the patent of " solar recharging system ", just by measuring the voltage-to-current curve of specific solar cell under various illumination conditions, and provide peak power output under the various illumination conditions, control solar cell output voltage and electric current near peak power output by default fit line.This method circuitry needed complexity, the energy loss of solar energy on various adjustment circuit is also bigger, and need do test and Fitting Analysis in advance at specific solar panels.
Application number is 200710091016.8, denomination of invention has disclosed the technology of charging again after DC-DC (DC-to-DC) conversion is boosted by solar cell is carried out for the patent of " solar energy charging battery ", but, reduced the utilization ratio of solar cell energy owing to introduced the DC-DC conversion.
The present invention then provides a kind of new technology in order to improve or to solve the above problems.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of improved solar charging device and charging method, and it can effectively provide the solar energy utilization ratio, and implementation method is simple.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by such technical scheme:
A kind of solar charging device, wherein, described device comprises solar cell, power control module, rechargeable battery, voltage-regulating circuit, voltage comparison control circuit and reference voltage generating circuit;
Solar cell is an electric energy with solar energy converting, for rechargeable battery provides charge power supply;
Power control module is connected between solar cell and the rechargeable battery, is used to open or close the charge power supply that solar cell offers rechargeable battery;
Rechargeable battery is connected with voltage-regulating circuit, and voltage-regulating circuit is connected with the voltage comparison control circuit; The current voltage that voltage-regulating circuit is adjusted rechargeable battery obtains comparative voltage, and described comparative voltage is provided to the first input end of voltage comparison control circuit;
Reference voltage generating circuit is connected with the voltage comparison control circuit, and second input of reference voltage to the voltage comparison control circuit is provided;
The output of voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the control input end of power control module, and it is by comparing the reference voltage and the comparative voltage of first and second inputs, and output voltage control signal is to the control input end of power control module; If comparative voltage is less than reference voltage, the signal that charging is opened in the output of voltage comparison control circuit to power control module to open charge power supply; If comparative voltage is more than or equal to reference voltage, the signal that the output of voltage comparison control circuit stops to charge to power control module with the charge closing power supply.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, rechargeable battery is also connected to the voltage comparison control circuit, and rechargeable battery can be the voltage comparison control circuit and voltage-regulating circuit provides working power.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, reference voltage generating circuit can be connected with rechargeable battery, as input, produces reference voltage by reference voltage generating circuit by the cathode voltage of rechargeable battery.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, reference voltage generating circuit is a battery, as reference voltage, is connected to second input of voltage comparison control circuit with cell voltage.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, the voltage of described battery is 1.5V.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, described device also comprises an anti-reverse control module, and it is connected between power control module and the rechargeable battery, is used to prevent the rechargeable battery back discharge.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, described power control module is a P channel depletion type field effect transistor, and described anti-reverse control module is anti-reverse diode.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, solar cell connects the source electrode of P channel depletion type field effect transistor, and the grid of P channel depletion type field effect transistor links to each other with the output of voltage comparison control circuit, and drain electrode links to each other with anti-reverse diode.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, voltage-regulating circuit comprises that two are adjusted resistance and potentiometer, and potentiometer is connected on two and adjusts between the resistance.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, the current voltage of rechargeable battery is exported comparative voltage after adjusting resistance and potentiometer adjusting dividing potential drop by two, and described comparative voltage exports the first input end of voltage comparison control circuit to.
A kind of solar charging method for electrically, wherein,
The voltage comparison control circuit is the reference voltage and the comparative voltage of first and second inputs relatively;
If comparative voltage during less than reference voltage, promptly is judged as the electric quantity of rechargeable battery deficiency, the signal that charging is opened in the output of voltage comparison control circuit to power control module to open charge power supply;
When if comparative voltage is equal to, or greater than reference voltage, promptly be judged as rechargeable battery and be in saturated mode, the signal of voltage comparison control circuit output charge closing to power control module with the charge closing power supply.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, before solar cell charges, also comprise the step of determining that circuit is adjusted:
Obtain the maximum voltage of rechargeable battery when being in saturated mode;
The constant maximum voltage of input input at voltage-regulating circuit;
By control voltage-regulating circuit and reference voltage generating circuit, make the comparative voltage of voltage comparison control circuit first and second inputs and the difference between the reference voltage more than or equal to 0V, simultaneously less than 0.1V.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, the maximum when recharging after the maximum voltage when described rechargeable battery reaches capacity attitude recycles less than rechargeable battery allows one of them magnitude of voltage in charging voltage and the rechargeable battery maximum permission charging voltage when floating charge.
Compared with prior art, in the present invention according to the requirement of required rechargeable battery, select suitable solar cell, without voltage transitions, except control of the power of necessity and anti-reverse circuit, utilize solar cell directly to the rechargeable battery charging, recharge after the support rechargeable battery recycles and finishes and charge in the floating charge mode, improve the solar energy utilization ratio, implementation method is simple.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the output characteristic of solar cell under the identical sunshine condition in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the output characteristic of solar cell under the various sunshine conditions in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is the configuration diagram of solar charging device provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is the physical circuit schematic diagram of solar charging device provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See also Fig. 3, described solar charging device comprises solar cell 1, power control module 2, anti-reverse control module 3, voltage-regulating circuit 4, reference voltage generating circuit 5, voltage comparison control circuit 6 and rechargeable battery 7.
In other embodiments of the invention, current voltage U 1 generation that reference voltage Uref can obstructedly overcharge battery 7, and replace reference voltage generating circuit 5 with the standard button cell, as reference voltage Uref, be connected to the input of voltage comparison control circuit 6 with standard button cell voltage.
Please read Fig. 4, be a physical circuit embodiment of solar charging device of the present invention.Comprise solar cell 1 ', P channel depletion type field effect transistor Q1, anti-reverse diode D1, voltage comparison control circuit OP1, pull-up resistor R1, voltage-regulating circuit 4 ', reference voltage generating circuit LDO (Low Dropout LinearRegulator, and rechargeable battery 7 ' low pressure difference linear voltage regulator).Voltage-regulating circuit 4 ' comprises adjusts resistance R 2, R3 and potentiometer RP1, and resistance R 2, potentiometer RP and resistance R 3 are connected successively, and the output of potentiometer RP is connected to the input of voltage comparison control circuit OP1.The open collector of voltage comparison control circuit OP1 is provided with pull-up resistor R1, makes the output stage of voltage comparison control circuit OP1 do the use of I/O mouth, and has load capacity.
Solar cell 1 ' connects the source electrode of P channel depletion type field effect transistor Q1, and the grid of P channel depletion type field effect transistor Q1 links to each other with the output of voltage comparison control circuit OP1, and drain electrode links to each other with anti-reverse diode D1.The output of anti-reverse diode D1 is connected to the positive pole of rechargeable battery 7 '.
The current voltage U 1 of rechargeable battery 7 ' is connected with the input of voltage-regulating circuit 4 ', and by R2, RP1 and R3 regulate dividing potential drop, and voltage-regulating circuit 4 ' is exported adjusted voltage U 2, is connected to the normal phase input end of voltage comparison control circuit OP1.
Rechargeable battery 7 ' is connected with the input of reference voltage generating circuit LDO, and current voltage U 1 produces reference voltage Uref by reference voltage generating circuit LDO, and reference voltage Uref provides to the inverting input of voltage comparison control circuit OP1.
The available standards button cell replaces reference voltage generating circuit LDO in this example, for example standard 1.5V button cell voltage exports the inverting input of voltage comparison control circuit OP1 to as reference voltage Uref, and needn't utilize rechargeable battery 7 ' to produce reference voltage Uref by reference voltage generating circuit LDO.
Dissimilar rechargeable batteries 7 ' is when being in the charging saturated mode, and the maximum Ubmax that voltage reaches is different.Therefore, before circuit is determined, need carry out the adjustment of circuit state according to the Ubmax of different rechargeable batteries 7 '.
At first according to the Ubmax of rechargeable battery 7 ', the input input constant voltage Ubmax at voltage-regulating circuit 4 ' by adjusting R2, R3 or RP1, makes the voltage U 2m and the reference voltage Urefm approximately equal of the normal phase input end of voltage comparison control circuit OP1.Design according to required precision, such as the value that requires U2m to deduct Urefm more than or equal to 0V, and less than 0.1V:0V≤U2m-Uref m＜0.1V.After circuit was determined, this circuit can be rechargeable battery of the same type and charges.
In the present embodiment, to the rechargeable battery of selecting for use 7 ' certain requirement can be arranged, comprise that the maximum when battery 7 ' recharges allows charging voltage Ucmax after recycling, maximum permission charging current Icmax, and the maximum of battery when floating charge allows charging voltage Ufmax.If Umax recycles maximum when recharging maximum charging voltage Ucmax of permission and floating charge to allow among the charging voltage Ufmax less one, that is: Umax=min{Ucmax, Ufmax}.Rechargeable battery 7 ' reaches charging when saturated, and the maximum that voltage reaches permission is Ubmax.In fact Ubmax is less than Umax.
When rechargeable battery 7 ' electric weight deficiency, in the time of can not making voltage comparison control circuit OP1 and reference voltage generating circuit LDO operate as normal, because the connection of R1, the voltage of voltage comparison control circuit OP1 output is always low level, P channel depletion type field effect transistor Q1 conducting, the charging voltage of solar cell 1 ' output is that rechargeable battery 7 ' charges via backward diode D1.
When rechargeable battery 7 ' electric weight deficiency still can also be supported voltage comparison control circuit OP1 and reference voltage generating circuit LDO operate as normal, the voltage U 2 of voltage comparison control circuit OP1 normal phase input end is less than reference voltage Uref, the voltage of voltage comparison control circuit OP1 output is always low level, P channel depletion type field effect transistor Q1 conducting, the charging voltage of solar cell 1 ' output is that rechargeable battery 7 ' charges via anti-reverse diode D1.
If the charging voltage of solar cell 1 ' output is low excessively, because the anti-reaction of backward diode D1 prevents rechargeable battery 7 ' discharge.
Along with rechargeable battery 7 ' voltage constantly rises, when reaching Ubmax, voltage-regulating circuit 4 ' output voltage U 2 equates that with reference voltage Uref the voltage of voltage comparison control circuit OP1 output becomes high level, P channel depletion type field effect transistor Q1 ends, and stops charging.
In charging process, as long as rechargeable battery 7 ' does not reach capacity, rechargeable battery 7 ' voltage just is lower than Ubmax, and after reaching capacity, charging disconnects, and guarantees charging voltage all the time smaller or equal to Ubmax, also less than rechargeable battery 7 ' the maximum charging voltage Umax that allows.
The above only is a better embodiment of the present invention; protection scope of the present invention is not exceeded with above-mentioned execution mode; as long as the equivalence that those of ordinary skills do according to disclosed content is modified or changed, all should include in the protection range of putting down in writing in claims.
Claims (13)
1. a solar charging device is characterized in that, described device comprises solar cell, power control module, rechargeable battery, voltage-regulating circuit, voltage comparison control circuit and reference voltage generating circuit;
Solar cell is an electric energy with solar energy converting, for rechargeable battery provides charge power supply;
Power control module is connected between solar cell and the rechargeable battery, is used to open or close the charge power supply that solar cell offers rechargeable battery;
Rechargeable battery is connected with voltage-regulating circuit, and voltage-regulating circuit is connected with the voltage comparison control circuit; The current voltage that voltage-regulating circuit is adjusted rechargeable battery obtains comparative voltage, and described comparative voltage is provided to the first input end of voltage comparison control circuit;
Reference voltage generating circuit is connected with the voltage comparison control circuit, and second input of reference voltage to the voltage comparison control circuit is provided;
The output of voltage comparison control circuit is connected to the control input end of power control module, and it is by comparing the reference voltage and the comparative voltage of first and second inputs, and output voltage control signal is to the control input end of power control module; If comparative voltage is during less than reference voltage, the signal that charging is opened in the output of voltage comparison control circuit to power control module to open charge power supply; If comparative voltage is during more than or equal to reference voltage, the signal that the output of voltage comparison control circuit stops to charge to power control module with the charge closing power supply.
2. solar charging device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: rechargeable battery is also connected to the voltage comparison control circuit, and rechargeable battery can be the voltage comparison control circuit and voltage-regulating circuit provides working power.
3. solar charging device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: reference voltage generating circuit can be connected with rechargeable battery, as input, produces reference voltage by reference voltage generating circuit by the cathode voltage of rechargeable battery.
4. solar charging device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: reference voltage generating circuit is a battery, as reference voltage, is connected to second input of voltage comparison control circuit with cell voltage.
5. solar charging device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the voltage of described battery is 1.5V.
6. solar charging device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described device also comprises an anti-reverse control module, and it is connected between power control module and the rechargeable battery, is used to prevent the rechargeable battery back discharge.
7. solar charging device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described power control module is a P channel depletion type field effect transistor, and described anti-reverse control module is anti-reverse diode.
8. solar charging device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: solar cell connects the source electrode of P channel depletion type field effect transistor, the grid of P channel depletion type field effect transistor links to each other with the output of voltage comparison control circuit, and drain electrode links to each other with anti-reverse diode.
9. solar charging device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: voltage-regulating circuit comprises that two are adjusted resistance and potentiometer, and potentiometer is connected on two and adjusts between the resistance.
10. solar charging device according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: the current voltage of rechargeable battery is exported comparative voltage after adjusting resistance and potentiometer adjusting dividing potential drop by two, and described comparative voltage exports the first input end of voltage comparison control circuit to.
11. the charging method that an employing such as each described solar charging device of claim 1 to 10 carry out is characterized in that:
The voltage comparison control circuit is the reference voltage and the comparative voltage of first and second inputs relatively;
If comparative voltage less than reference voltage, promptly is judged as the electric quantity of rechargeable battery deficiency, the signal that charging is opened in voltage comparison control circuit output to power control module to open charge power supply;
If comparative voltage is equal to, or greater than reference voltage, promptly be judged as rechargeable battery and be in saturated mode, the signal of voltage comparison control circuit output charge closing to power control module with the charge closing power supply.
12. charging method according to claim 11 is characterized in that: before solar cell charges, also comprise the step of determining that circuit is adjusted:
Obtain the maximum voltage of rechargeable battery when being in saturated mode;
The constant maximum voltage of input input at voltage-regulating circuit;
By control voltage-regulating circuit and reference voltage generating circuit, make the comparative voltage of voltage comparison control circuit first and second inputs and the difference between the reference voltage more than or equal to 0V, simultaneously less than 0.1V.
13. charging method according to claim 11 is characterized in that: the maximum when recharging after the maximum voltage when described rechargeable battery reaches capacity attitude recycles less than rechargeable battery allows one of them magnitude of voltage in charging voltage and the rechargeable battery maximum permission charging voltage when floating charge.
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| CN 200910055711 CN101989748A (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2009-07-31 | Solar energy charging device and charging method |
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| CN 200910055711 CN101989748A (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2009-07-31 | Solar energy charging device and charging method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105720653A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-06-29 | 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 | Electric automobile, DC/DC converter and control system thereof |
| CN105720655A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-06-29 | 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 | Electric automobile, DC/DC converter and control system thereof |
| CN110896212A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-20 | 三美电机株式会社 | Secondary battery protection circuit |
-
2009
- 2009-07-31 CN CN 200910055711 patent/CN101989748A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105720653A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-06-29 | 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 | Electric automobile, DC/DC converter and control system thereof |
| CN105720655A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-06-29 | 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 | Electric automobile, DC/DC converter and control system thereof |
| CN110896212A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-20 | 三美电机株式会社 | Secondary battery protection circuit |
| US11482868B2 (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2022-10-25 | Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Secondary battery protection circuit |
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Application publication date: 20110323 |