CN101986619A - Bandwidth reservation-based VSAT satellite communication system bandwidth distribution method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bandwidth reservation-based very small aperture terminal (VSAT) satellite communication system bandwidth distribution method, and relates to the technical field of satellite communication. In the method, different applications are endowed with different priorities based on the conventional bandwidth reservation-based dynamic bandwidth distribution method, and the high-priority application can occupy the bandwidth section occupied by the low-priority application, vice is not; and in actual distribution, when the bandwidth section corresponding to the application has no enough idle bandwidth, and the bandwidth sections with low priorities are searched in turn from high priorities to low priorities. The method keeps the advantages of the conventional bandwidth reservation-based dynamic bandwidth distribution method such as simple implementation, few channel fragments and high distribution speed, coordinates different QoS (quality of service) demands and application scenes, realizes effective management of channel resources, improves the utilization rate of satellite channel resources in a network environment of multiple service types, meanwhile, simplifies star-earth interaction and reduces the time delay caused by bandwidth distribution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of satellite communication, relate in particular to a kind of VSAT satellite communication system bandwidth allocation methods based on RSVP.
Background technology
Since the eighties, be the VSAT(Very Small Aperture Terminal of characteristics with the small global station, very small aperture terminal) satellite network develops rapidly.The little station equipment of this VSAT system is small and exquisite flexibly, simple installation, can support speech, low speed random data business, batch data business, image and various new communication service (as Internet transmission and compressed video business etc.), and can insert Integrated Service Digital Network, become the nerve center that many large enterprises, commercial organization, financial institution, news unit etc. depend on for existence.Along with information technology develops rapidly, the vigor that the VSAT network is still powerful abrim.Following VSAT network will be supported local area network interconnection more, be used for Internet connection and multimedia communication etc.
The bandwidth resources of satellite are very expensive, and in the face of the connection request of more users, the mode of fixed allocation bandwidth has run into great challenge.Therefore, high-efficiency dynamic ground distributes bandwidth to become more and more important in network, and has been subjected to paying close attention to widely for a long time.Dynamic allocation scheme is each node allocated satellite bandwidth of VSAT network in real time according to the variation of various parameters and different restrictive conditions (comprising the distribution state information, congestion condition of real-time application request, the error rate, priority, node etc.).Compare with static allocation, dynamic allocation scheme has effectively utilized bandwidth more, has improved the QoS(Quality of Service of network, service quality) support level.
Usually, the VSAT satellite network comprises three parts: main website, plurality of V SAT small station and satellite repeater.The small station has disposed Traffic Channel, for the user directly provides communication service.Main website is provided with network management center, by the webmaster channel network management and control is implemented in all small stations in the net.In fact the VSAT network comprises professional subnet and control subnet two parts, and professional subnet is responsible for by Traffic Channel exchange, transmission data or voice service, and the control subnet manages and controls professional subnet by control channel.At present, the control subnet of typical VSAT net all is a star network, and professional subnet then is a mesh network.
Must handle the several data stream type as for the VSAT network of backbone network for one, this need possess access mode efficiently.Usually, VSAT network utilisation DAMA(demand assignment multiple access inserts) improve the utilance of satellite channel.Simultaneously, the multimedia application that moves in the network based on VSAT needs certain QoS to ensure, and the amount of measurement QoS generally includes availability, bandwidth (throughput), time delay, the error rate and the delay variation etc. of network.Adopt the VSAT network of FDMA multi-access mode, when there is the service needed transmission in the small station, the demand of bandwidth is estimated that initiate professional application in the mode that inserts at random to main website by the ALOHA control channel, request distributes bandwidth according to queue length, type of service, speed equivalent; Channel allocation is carried out according to certain strategy in the network control center (NCC) that is positioned at main website, and the channel information that distributes is returned to the small station by the TDM control channel, and final small station utilizes the Traffic Channel of assigning to carry out the business transmission.When the professional end of transmission in small station, when no longer needing to use channel, submit to channel to discharge application to NCC, NCC will reclaim channel, offer other small stations that need and use.When facing the application demand of multi-service, many rate requirement, the bandwidth demand that the small station proposes will constantly change.Therefore, NCC is processes continuously to the management of bandwidth resources, whenever the small station is sent professional application or discharged bandwidth resources, all will cause the bookkeeping of NCC to bandwidth resources.
The main purpose of allocated bandwidth strategy is when guaranteeing the efficient utilization of satellite resource, satisfies the QoS demand of the new application that constantly occurs.Yet it is the target of two opposition that the efficient utilization of bandwidth and QoS guarantee, so Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation will be traded off between the two.Aspect the allocated bandwidth strategy, generally,, can provide by two class methods to the access of satellite network difference according to the QoS demand:
One, static resource allocation: when connection was set up, admittance control (CAC) module that is positioned at the network control center was given connection with a certain amount of resource allocation.Because these pre-assigned resources offer all the time to connect and use, and therefore can guarantee lower time delay.Its shortcoming is: because the network data flow of resource allocation and actual transmissions is irrelevant, so satellite link is not utilized fully.This method relatively is applicable to data flow comparison rule or propagation delay time is had the connection (as real time data streams such as video, audio frequency) of strict demand.
Two, Dynamic Resource Allocation for Multimedia: do not distribute fixing resource for connecting, on the contrary, the network control center is the connection Resources allocation based on the resource requirement of ICBM SHF satellite terminal according to distribution according to need mechanism.The advantage of this method is the data traffic that the distribution of resource can be followed the tracks of the real satellite system, therefore can reach higher resource utilization.Total bandwidth in the supposing the system is
, the application of connecting system can be divided into
Plant type of service, the
Type demand to bandwidth is
If the application according to allocation strategy acceptance is used then distributes required amount of bandwidth; Otherwise application is rejected.The process of distributing bandwidth is exactly to seek the process of the idle available channel that satisfies business demand in resources bank, not only will improve the application success rate in the assigning process, will reduce simultaneously because the bandwidth fragmentation that multiservice requirement causes improves channel utilization.
At present distribution method of dynamic bandwidth commonly used has two kinds in the satellite communication system: modal a kind of be suitable at first (First-fit) algorithm, promptly order is sought the block of channels that first can satisfy the application demand in bandwidth resources.This method realizes simple, and the incipient stage of distribution is useful, but after after a while, forms the channel fragment easily, causes searching for the big idle channel piece idle channel piece cost longer time littler than search, causes the delay variation that channel allocation is bigger.
Another kind is the distribution method of fixed segments, is each class type of service and distributes one section fixing bandwidth, be exclusively used in such professional bandwidth application, and the application of other types of service can't take.We are designated as the Reserve algorithm this method for the professional bandwidth reserved of each class, and detailed content can be referring to document [T. A. STANDISH, Data Structures Techniques, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1980.].The purpose of this algorithm is to satisfy the demand of various types of traffic to bandwidth to greatest extent.With overall system bandwidth
As a channel pool, according to
Planting type of service is divided into
Section, the
The section bandwidth can only be used to distribute to the
Type application (supposing that such application is identical to the demand of bandwidth).In every section bandwidth, distribute according to the First-fit mode.This algorithm is realized simple, reduced the channel fragment, and dispensing rate is fast, can keeps dispensing rate as a rule, it is suitable substantially to search for the little idle channel piece spended time of big idle channel piece and search, has reduced the delay variation that system brings because of allocated bandwidth.Simultaneously, the process of this algorithm recovery channel is also fairly simple.Yet, in the face of the dramatic growth of multimedia service, the QoS demand of various different business has nothing in common with each other, and this algorithm can't be on the basis of improving the whole system performance, take into account the QoS demand of different business, can't satisfy the following satellite multimedia network user's different demands.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the existing deficiency of existing VSAT satellite communication system distribution method of dynamic bandwidth, a kind of VSAT satellite communication system bandwidth allocation methods based on RSVP is provided, this method is at different QoS demand and application scenarios, realized effective management to channel resource, in the network environment of multiple business type, improve the utilance of satellite channel resource; Simultaneously, it is mutual to have simplified star ground, has reduced the time delay that allocated bandwidth is brought.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of VSAT satellite communication system bandwidth allocation methods based on RSVP, the total bandwidth of described VSAT satellite communication system is divided into plurality of sections in advance according to application type, every kind of application type distributes one section fixing bandwidth, and the application that is this kind application type in every section distributes the amount of bandwidth of fixed size, and it is characterized in that: different application types is endowed different priority; When receiving service request, at first according to the application type of service request, whether search exists enough idle bandwidths from the pairing bandwidth segments of this application type, and in this way, the idle idle bandwidth that then will search is distributed to the application of sending service request; As not, then the pairing bandwidth segments of the lower application type of priority is searched for successively according to priority order from high to low, up to finding enough idle bandwidths; Find enough idle bandwidths not yet if the search of all bandwidth segments finishes, then distribute failure.
Preferably, described priority is to determine according to the bandwidth demand of application type: the less application type of bandwidth demand has higher priority.
Further, described fixed-bandwidth amount of distributing for various application types is defined as channel, when then overall system bandwidth being carried out initial fragment, the included channel quantity of each bandwidth segments is identical.
The inventive method is on the distribution method of dynamic bandwidth basis of existing RSVP, give different priority in advance to different application, during actual allocated, high-priority applications can take lower priority and use shared bandwidth segments, and low priority applications can not take the bandwidth that high-priority applications takies; The inventive method has not only kept the advantage that realization is simple, the channel fragment is few, dispensing rate is fast that the distribution method of dynamic bandwidth of existing RSVP has, and different QoS demand and application scenarios have been taken into account, realized effective management to channel resource, in the network environment of multiple business type, improve the utilance of satellite channel resource; Simultaneously, it is mutual to have simplified star ground, has reduced the time delay that allocated bandwidth is brought.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is an allocated bandwidth situation schematic diagram under the different conditions in the embodiment, wherein, (a) the initial allocated bandwidth situation of expression, (b) expression is carried out allocated bandwidth situation before the allocated bandwidth to application, and (c) expression is carried out allocated bandwidth situation after the allocated bandwidth to application;
Fig. 3 carries out the resulting application acceptance rate of allocated bandwidth situation for adopting three kinds of methods respectively, the application receptance of four kinds of types of service when wherein the Reserve algorithm is adopted in (a) expression, the application receptance of four kinds of types of service when (b) the First-fit algorithm is adopted in expression, the application receptance of four kinds of types of service when (c) the inventive method is adopted in expression;
Fig. 4 carries out the resulting bandwidth availability ratio of allocated bandwidth for adopting three kinds of methods respectively;
Fig. 5 carries out the resulting fragment rate of allocated bandwidth for adopting three kinds of methods respectively.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
VSAT satellite communication system bandwidth allocation methods based on RSVP of the present invention, the total bandwidth of described VSAT satellite communication system is divided in advance according to application type
Section, each class application type distributes one section fixing bandwidth, and the included channel quantity of each bandwidth segments is identical, the
The priority of the application type of individual bandwidth segments correspondence is
And have
, the
The amount of bandwidth that section is distributed to each application is a fixed size
, and have
,
,
For more than or equal to 1 integer, the bandwidth segments of each application is arranged in order in whole bandwidth interval from the off according to using priority order from big to small; When receiving service request, as shown in Figure 1, specifically carry out according to following each step:
Step 1) is sought this application type pairing according to the application type of service request
Individual bandwidth segments,
Step 2) search the
Whether there are enough idle bandwidths in the individual bandwidth segments, in this way, then with the idle bandwidth that searches
After distributing to the application of sending service request, finish; As not, then execution in step 3;
Step 3) is judged
Whether equal
, in this way, then go to step 5; As not, then go to step 4;
Step 4) will
Replace with
After, go to step 2;
Step 5) is distributed failure.
Suppose that VSAT satellite system up link available bandwidth is 134.4K, comprise the user of 2.4K, 4.8K voice service and 9.6K data service in the system, before utilizing system to communicate, bandwidth is applied in the mode of DAMA.We are divided into three sections with the up available bandwidth of system, offer three kinds of professional uses respectively, three kinds of application are endowed different priority according to the bandwidth demand of application type: the less application type of bandwidth demand has higher priority, initial bandwidth fragmentation situation is as accompanying drawing 2(a) shown in, the bandwidth that figure bend bar region representation has used.Suppose that after after a while, the distribution condition of bandwidth is as accompanying drawing 2(b) shown in.At this moment, if the business of a user applies 2.4K is arranged, then carry out allocated bandwidth according to above steps.Because it is full that 2.4K uses pairing bandwidth segments, enough idle bandwidths can't be provided, then continue in the pairing bandwidth segments of the lower application of priority (being the 4.8K voice service), to search for, owing in this bandwidth segments, there are enough idle bandwidths, therefore, in the pairing bandwidth segments of 4.8K voice service, distribute bandwidth for it, the bandwidth of being distributed is 4.8K, whole bandwidth distribution condition after having assigned is as accompanying drawing 2(c) shown in, the vertical moulding region representation is the bandwidth that this 2.4K service-user distributes among the figure.Certainly, if the pairing bandwidth segments of 4.8K voice service is full when application, then can continue in the pairing bandwidth segments of 9.6K data service, to search for.
In order to verify the effect of the inventive method, pass through computer programming, made up the analogue system of allocated bandwidth, adopt the inventive method (the following DBA-Res algorithm that all is designated as) and existing fit algorithm at first, bandwidth reserved algorithm (being the described First-fit algorithm of background technology part, Reserve algorithm) to compare test in this analogue system respectively, the system condition of setting in the test is:
(1) arrival of small station bandwidth application is separate, meets the Poisson process, and average arrival rate is
(2) small station is to the holding time obeys index distribution of bandwidth, and average service rate is
, bandwidth release request was promptly initiated in the small station after service was finished;
(3) small station has four kinds to type of service, promptly
, the demand of bandwidth is respectively 2.4K, 4.8K, 7.2K, 9.6K, and is defined as A, B, C, d service.The business demand that the small station proposes evenly distributes between four kinds of business;
(4) the total available bandwidth of VSAT system is 96K; Number of applications in the system is 10 to 100;
In the simulation process, adopt following metric that algorithm performance is analyzed comparison.
Application receptance: be defined as the application number that success is assigned to channel
Application sum with bandwidth application
Ratio, promptly
Channel utilization: the total bandwidth that is defined as distribution
With the network maximum bandwidth
Between ratio, promptly
Fragment rate: fragment rate=(the idle channel block size of 1 – maximum/total idle channel number) * 100%
When all idle bandwidths all are assigned with away, fragment rate reaches 100%.If all idle channels all concentrate in the bandwidth piece, then fragment rate is 0, so fragment rate is a decimal between 0 to 1.
In fact, in the process of allocated channel, we wish that bandwidth is not by segmentation constantly.Because like this, also can't assign to bandwidth even send being applied under the situation that also has idle bandwidth of request.Because these idle bandwidth sections can't link together, can not give single request.
In simulation, each dry run 200 times, and get result's mean value.
Below be analyzed at the performance of each metric respectively three kinds of bandwidth allocation methods:
A, application receptance:
Fig. 3 (a) and (b), (c) have shown the application receptance of Reserve, First-fit and DBA-Res algorithm respectively.Can see, because the consumption of bandwidth is used receptance along with the increase of using number reduces gradually.Because in Reserve and DBA-Res algorithm, distributed higher priority for the application of the less bandwidth of request, the application receptance of the A in these algorithms, B type of service is far away than First-fit algorithm height, especially when widely applying accesses network.And, owing in Reserve and DBA-Res algorithm, reserved bandwidth for C, D type of service, so the application receptance of these algorithms is higher than First-fit.In the DBA-Res algorithm, the business of high priority can take other professional bandwidth reserveds, therefore can obtain better QoS and guarantee.
And in the First-fit algorithm, be every class traffic assignments bandwidth from whole bandwidth pool.When the business load amount was low, more business can be met.Along with the increase of business load amount, bandwidth will be cut apart by the business of A, category-B type more and more, forms bandwidth fragmentation.Therefore, even the business of C, D type also can't be met having under the situation of enough bandwidth.In addition, as can also be seen from Figure, in the Reserve algorithm, its application receptance of all types of business is basic identical, and this is that algorithm has been reserved the reason of onesize bandwidth segments for them because all type of service priority is all identical.But in the DBA-Res algorithm, the application of different kinds of business is used receptance and is had nothing in common with each other according to its priority difference.Therefore, can provide different QoS levels for different types of service.And, in the application receptance that improves bandwidth on demand high-priority service still less, can not bring too big sacrifice to the performance of other types of service.
B, bandwidth availability ratio:
Fig. 4 has shown the bandwidth availability ratio of three kinds of algorithms, the First-fit algorithm is only when having 30 application access networks as we can see from the figure, just distributed most of bandwidth, even and Reserve and DBA-Res algorithm under the load condition with higher, also utilized less bandwidth.Therefore, even when 100 application access networks are arranged, Reserve and DBA-Res algorithm still can be supported these application to a certain extent.
C, fragment rate:
Fig. 5 has shown the fragment rate of three kinds of algorithms.Can see that under lower network load condition the fragment rate of Reserve and DBA-Res algorithm is higher than First-fit algorithm, at this moment because we cut apart bandwidth artificially when the simulation beginning.But along with the number of applications of bandwidth on demand increases, the fragment rate of Reserve and DBA-Res algorithm begins to descend.When 30 application access networks, the fragment rate of Reserve and DBA-Res algorithm begins slow increase.Under higher network load condition, the fragment rate of the fragment rate of DBA-Res algorithm and First-fit algorithm is suitable.Yet the fragment rate of Reserve algorithm is lower than other algorithms, and this algorithm has been avoided bigger bandwidth piece is cut apart effectively.Therefore, in the Reserve algorithm, bandwidth pool has obtained using more efficiently.
In sum, Reserve and DBA-Res algorithm utilization bandwidth still less can satisfy the more applications bandwidth request, therefore, can provide higher QoS level for miscellaneous service.They have controlled the formation of bandwidth fragmentation by the mode of RSVP, and bandwidth utilization has obtained improving greatly.On this basis, the DBA-Res algorithm has better discrimination to the business with different QoS requirements, can be on the basis of improving all kinds of service features, for the higher business of qos requirement provides needed service level.Under different network environments, this algorithm can obtain between the utilization of resources and the QoS well compromise.This algorithm has been applied in the actual VSAT system at present, operational excellence.
Claims (4)
1. VSAT satellite communication system bandwidth allocation methods based on RSVP, the total bandwidth of described VSAT satellite communication system is divided into plurality of sections in advance according to application type, every kind of application type distributes one section fixing bandwidth, and the application that is this kind application type in every section distributes the amount of bandwidth of fixed size, and it is characterized in that: different application types is endowed different priority; When receiving service request, at first according to the application type of service request, whether search exists enough idle bandwidths from the pairing bandwidth segments of this application type, and in this way, the idle idle bandwidth that then will search is distributed to the application of sending service request; As not, then the pairing bandwidth segments of the lower application type of priority is searched for successively according to priority order from high to low, up to finding enough idle bandwidths; Find enough idle bandwidths not yet if the search of all bandwidth segments finishes, then distribute failure.
2. according to claim 1 based on the VSAT satellite communication system bandwidth allocation methods of RSVP, it is characterized in that described priority is to determine according to the bandwidth demand of application type: the less application type of bandwidth demand has higher priority.
As described in the claim 2 based on the VSAT satellite communication system bandwidth allocation methods of RSVP, it is characterized in that, described fixed-bandwidth amount of distributing for various application types is defined as channel, and when then overall system bandwidth being carried out initial fragment, the included channel quantity of each bandwidth segments is identical.
As described in the claim 3 based on the VSAT satellite communication system bandwidth allocation methods of RSVP, it is characterized in that the total bandwidth of described system is divided in advance according to application type
Section, each class application type distributes one section fixing bandwidth, and the included channel quantity of each bandwidth segments is identical, the
The priority of the application type of individual bandwidth segments correspondence is
And have
, the
The amount of bandwidth that section is distributed to each application is a fixed size
, and
,
,
For more than or equal to 1 integer, the bandwidth segments of each application is arranged in order in whole bandwidth interval from the off according to using priority order from big to small; When receiving service request, specifically carry out according to following each step:
Step 1) is sought this application type pairing according to the application type of service request
Individual bandwidth segments,
Step 2) search the
Whether there are enough idle bandwidths in the individual bandwidth segments, in this way, then with the idle bandwidth that searches
After distributing to the application of sending service request, finish; As not, then execution in step 3;
Step 3) is judged
Whether equal
, in this way, then go to step 5; As not, then go to step 4;
Step 4) will
Replace with
After, go to step 2;
Step 5) is distributed failure.
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