CN101974672A - Control method for implementing microstructure by non quenched and tempered steel hot forging formation - Google Patents
Control method for implementing microstructure by non quenched and tempered steel hot forging formation Download PDFInfo
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- CN101974672A CN101974672A CN 201010548439 CN201010548439A CN101974672A CN 101974672 A CN101974672 A CN 101974672A CN 201010548439 CN201010548439 CN 201010548439 CN 201010548439 A CN201010548439 A CN 201010548439A CN 101974672 A CN101974672 A CN 101974672A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method for implementing a microstructure by non quenched and tempered steel hot forging formation in the technical field of forging formation. The method comprises the following steps of: predicting evolution rules of the microstructure in the full multi-procedure hot forging process by using deformation-hot-tissue multi-physical field coupling simulation and adopting commercial finite element software and a microstructure evolution calculation and analysis tool of secondary development, wherein the evolution rules comprise dynamic re-crystallization percentage, grain size and distribution rule of ferrite and pearlite in a forged piece; and then by using uniform dynamic re-crystallization distribution, avoidance of local grain roughening and reasonable distribution of the ferrite and the pearlite in the forged piece as goals, adjusting the hot forging process parameters to acquire reasonable microstructure distribution and realize 'shape control' and 'property control' of non quenched and tempered steel hot forging, and finally obtaining a forged piece product with good comprehensive mechanical properties. The method can avoid practical physical trial manufacture, remarkably shorten the development time and reduce the development cost of the hot forging process.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of microtexture control method of forging and molding technical field, especially a kind of control method that realizes non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging forming microtexture based on the multiple physical field coupled simulation.
Background technology
The medium carbon manganese steel alloy that contains microalloy elements such as V, Ti, pass through forging process, alloying element is separated out with C, the disperse of N compound, make steel reach strength level after modified, thereby saved follow-up modifier treatment, simplified production process, but save energy have favorable economic benefit and social benefit.The part that adopts the non-hardened and tempered steel thermal forging technology to make is used widely in the component manufacturing of engineering goods power system.Because the non-hardened and tempered steel forging does not have follow-up thermal treatment, its comprehensive mechanical property directly depends on the microtexture after the forging, if ferritic content increases in the forging, the toughness of product will improve, and intensity reduces; If the content of forging Medium pearlite increases, the intensity of product will improve, and toughness reduces; When ferrite and pearlitic content reach optimum proportion, can obtain the better products comprehensive mechanical performance.Therefore, the rational proportion of ferrite and content of pearlite in alloy is significant in the control non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging forming microtexture.
Find that by retrieval the one-tenth that the patent relevant with non-hardened and tempered steel mostly is the description non-hardened and tempered steel is grouped into, preparation methods.National inventing patent CN1554781 has introduced the method for cooling after the forging of non-hardened and tempered steel bent axle, does not relate to and adopts which type of method may command forging process to reach desired microtexture and performance.The microtexture of engineering goods power system key components and parts control at present, employing be the method for trial-production, promptly by changing actual process design parameter, whether the microtexture that detects the forging that produces then reaches requirement.If do not reach requirement, then further adjusting process design variable reaches the requirement of regulation until microtexture.The shortcoming of this method is that the trial-production time is long, cost of development height, the construction cycle of the current manufacture field of incompatibility far away and the control requirement of cost.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above of present existence, proposed a kind ofly, utilize multiple physical field coupling numerical simulation, realize the control method of non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging forming microtexture at 3 D complex shape forging.The present invention has avoided actual physical trial-production, significantly shortens the development time, reduces the cost of development of thermal forging technology.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention is at first by distortion-Re-organize multiple physical field coupled simulation, adopt the microtexture of commercialization finite element software and secondary development to develop computing module, the evolution rule of microtexture comprises the ferrite and the perlite regularity of distribution in dynamic recrystallization per-cent, grain-size and the forging in the prediction multiple operation forge hot whole process.Be evenly distributed, avoid occurring that ferrite and perlite rationally are distributed as target in local grain alligatoring and the forging then with dynamic recrystallization, in computation model, adjust the thermal forging technology parameter, obtaining rational microtexture distributes, realize " the control shape " and " control " of non-hardened and tempered steel forge hot, the final forging products that obtains to have favorable comprehensive mechanical property.
The present invention includes following steps:
Comprise the following steps:
1) utilizes standard, disclosed thermal analogy compression testing method, determine to be suitable for non-hardened and tempered steel forging hot forging forming and organize all parameters in mimic basic mathematic model and the model, comprise the stress of fluidity model under the hot conditions, microtexture mathematical model under the steady state conditions and the microtexture mathematical model under the unsteady state condition;
2) utilize disclosed continuous cooling heat simulation experiment method, the austenite of measuring non-hardened and tempered steel is to ferrite and perlite continuous cooling transformation curve, determine continuously the relation of cooling back ferrite and perlite volume fraction and speed of cooling, foundation can be described the austenite of non-hardened and tempered steel to ferrite and pearlitic phase transformation predictive model;
3) organize the austenite of mimic band parameter basic mathematic model and quenched and tempered steel to ferrite and pearlitic phase transformation predictive model according to non-hardened and tempered steel forging hot forging forming, be integrated in the existing commercialization finite element software by secondary development, form the distortion-Re-microstructure Evolution multiple physical field The Coupling analysis tool of the hot forging forming whole process of non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging;
4) according to concrete non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging, formulate its thermal forging technology scheme, design each forming process, determine to comprise the initial process condition of initial forging temperature, inter process interval, lubricating condition and forging postcooling speed;
5) according to the thermal forging technology scheme of formulating and definite initial process condition, utilize the distortion-Re-microstructure Evolution The Coupling analysis tool of the hot forging forming whole process of having developed the non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging of finishing, the non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging is carried out the whole process simulation of hot forging forming and calculate, obtain the final tissue of non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging;
6) the final tissue of the non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging of trying to achieve according to the multiple physical field simulation calculation, contrast the final tissue of simulation calculation and the difference of destination organization under the index evaluation initial process conditions such as ferrite and pearlitic volume fraction from grain-size, dynamic recrystallization distributing homogeneity and forging with the destination organization of non-hardened and tempered steel forging;
7) according to the evaluation result of hot forging tissue, method by iteration, the adjusting process condition, be evenly distributed, avoid occurring ferrite and the reasonable non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging that distributes of perlite in local grain alligatoring and the forging to obtain dynamic recrystallization, thereby make forging have favorable comprehensive mechanical property.
Multiple physical field coupled simulation of the present invention is that distortion-Re-microtexture multiple physical field coupled simulation calculates.
Multiple operation hot forging forming technology at complex-shaped non-hardened and tempered steel forging.
Utilizing the computing module of commercial software and secondary development, calculate the evolution situation of microtexture in whole non-isothermal hot forging process, mainly is the grain size and the volume fraction of microtexture.
According to multiple physical field The Coupling result, constantly adjust the thermal forging technology condition by iteration, until the microtexture grain size and the volume fraction that obtain to meet the demands, and do not need to carry out actual die trial checking.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is: 1. applicable object is the multiple operation hot forging forming of 3 D complex non-hardened and tempered steel forging, is equally applicable to the microtexture control of the non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging of simple shape; 2. can calculate the development law of forge hot whole process stress-strain field, temperature field and the heterogeneous microstructure field of each forge hot operation, inter process dwell interval and forging postcooling; 3. utilize the simulator of being set up, when numerical simulation according to initial analog result can be when simulating next time the adjusting process design variable, whole process modification is Virtual Realization on computers, has significantly shortened the process trial time, the cost of having avoided physics trial-production to cause.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a not deformed austenite continuous cooling transformation curve of non-hardened and tempered steel 38MnVS6 (Ti);
Fig. 2 is the relation of ferrite volume fraction and cooling rate in non-hardened and tempered steel 38MnVS6 (Ti) the continuous cooling transformation process;
Fig. 3 is the relation of non-hardened and tempered steel 38MnVS6 (Ti) continuous cooling transformation process Medium pearlite volume fraction and cooling rate;
Fig. 4 is non-hardened and tempered steel 38MnVS6 (Ti) forging continuous cooling transformation computation model calculation flow chart;
Austenite grain size distribution (unit: μ m) when Fig. 5 is the end of non-hardened and tempered steel 38MnVS6 (Ti) piston blocking;
Fig. 6 is that this piston blocking finishes the back inter process every certain austenite grain size distribution (unit: μ m) constantly;
Austenite grain size distribution (unit: μ m) when Fig. 7 is this piston finish-forging end;
Fig. 8 is this piston finish-forging side cut postcooling austenite grain size distribution (unit: μ m) constantly;
Fig. 9 is this piston finish-forging side cut postcooling ferrite distribution per-cent constantly;
Figure 10 is this piston finish-forging side cut postcooling perlite distribution per-cent constantly;
Figure 11 produces the piston forging of hot forging forming for the thermal forging technology parameter of the method acquisition that utilization proposed;
Figure 12 is the thick skirt upper end of this piston forging (A place) and bottom (B place) grain-size calculation result (Cal.) and measured result (EXP.) contrast.
Figure 13 is the thick skirt upper end of this piston forging (A place) and bottom (B place) ferrite volume fraction calculation result (Cal.) and measured result (EXP.) contrast.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated, present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment
With the non-hardened and tempered steel piston of automobile is example, and material is 38MnVS6 (Ti).
(1) by the thermal analogy compression testing, set up the stress of fluidity mathematical model of 38MnVS6 (Ti) under the hot conditions, microtexture mathematical model under the steady state conditions and the microtexture mathematical model under the unsteady state condition are shown in table 1, table 2 and table 3.
(2) utilize disclosed continuous cooling heat simulation experiment method, the austenite of having measured 38MnVS6 (Ti) is to ferrite and perlite continuous cooling transformation curve, as shown in Figure 1.Utilize disclosed quantitative metallographic analysis method, determine the relation of ferrite and perlite volume fraction and cooling rate in 38MnVS6 (Ti) continuous cooling process, respectively as shown in Figures 2 and 3.On this basis, set up 38MnVS6 (Ti) austenite, Figure 4 shows that its calculation flow chart to ferrite and pearlitic phase transformation predictive model.
(3) forging according to piston of automobile requires and actual working condition, the concrete process program of formulating the piston of automobile hot forging forming is: jumping-up-blocking-finish-forging-fervent overlap-controlled chilling, determined to comprise the initial process condition of initial forging temperature, inter process interval, mold preheating temperature and forging postcooling speed, be that initial forging temperature is 1100 ℃, when inter process is divided into 15 seconds, the blocker initial temperature is 200 ℃, and the finisher temperature is 200 ℃, and forging postcooling speed is 20 ℃/s.
(4) utilize the multiple physical field coupled simulation analysis tool of the distortion-Re-tissue of multiple operation hot forging forming, carrying out piston multiple operation hot forging forming whole process simulation calculates, obtain specific targets such as ferrite and pearlitic volume fraction in grain-size, dynamic recrystallization distributing homogeneity and the forging, and analyze comparison with the target index.
(5) by 3 iteration adjustment, obtain reasonable process conditions, promptly working as the blank initial temperature is 1250 ℃, and when inter process was divided into 10 seconds, the blocker initial temperature was 300 ℃, and the finisher temperature is 300 ℃, and forging postcooling speed is 10 ℃/s.Fig. 5 to Figure 10 be respectively blocking when finishing, behind the blocking interim constantly, when finish-forging finishes, and the calculation result of forging certain microtexture constantly in the postcooling process.
(6) by these processing condition, carry out the trial-production of actual non-modified piston forging, the piston forging that has obtained to have favorable comprehensive mechanical property, as shown in figure 11.Test piston thick skirt upper end and piston bottom as can be known, grain-size is no more than 20% less than 35 μ m and ferrite volume fraction, has satisfied the microtexture requirement of forging.And test result and simulation and prediction value are very approaching, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13.
Claims (6)
1. control method that realizes non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging forming microtexture, it is characterized in that, at first by distortion-Re-organize multiple physical field coupled simulation, adopt the microtexture of commercialization finite element software and secondary development to develop calculation analysis tools, the evolution rule of microtexture comprises the ferrite and the perlite regularity of distribution in dynamic recrystallization per-cent, grain-size and the forging in the prediction multiple operation forge hot whole process; Be evenly distributed, avoid occurring that ferrite and perlite rationally are distributed as target in local grain alligatoring and the forging then with dynamic recrystallization, in computation model, adjust the thermal forging technology parameter, obtaining rational microtexture distributes, realize " the control shape " and " control " of non-hardened and tempered steel forge hot, the final forging products that obtains to have favorable comprehensive mechanical property.
2. the control method of realization non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging forming microtexture according to claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) utilizes standard, disclosed thermal analogy compression testing method, determine to be suitable for non-hardened and tempered steel forging hot forging forming and organize all parameters in mimic basic mathematic model and the model, microtexture mathematical model under the steady state conditions and the microtexture mathematical model under the unsteady state condition;
2) utilize disclosed continuous cooling heat simulation experiment method, the austenite of measuring non-hardened and tempered steel is to ferrite and perlite continuous cooling transformation curve, determine continuously the relation of cooling back ferrite and perlite volume fraction and speed of cooling, foundation can be described the austenite of non-hardened and tempered steel to ferrite and pearlitic phase transformation predictive model;
3) organize the austenite of mimic band parameter basic mathematic model and quenched and tempered steel to ferrite and pearlitic phase transformation predictive model according to non-hardened and tempered steel forging hot forging forming, be integrated in the existing commercialization finite element software by secondary development, form the distortion-Re-microstructure Evolution multiple physical field The Coupling analysis tool of the hot forging forming whole process of non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging;
4) according to concrete non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging, formulate its thermal forging technology scheme, design each forming process, determine to comprise the initial process condition of initial forging temperature, inter process interval, lubricating condition and forging postcooling speed;
5) according to the thermal forging technology scheme of formulating and definite initial process condition, utilize the distortion-Re-microstructure Evolution The Coupling analysis tool of the hot forging forming whole process of having developed the non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging of finishing, the non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging is carried out the whole process simulation of hot forging forming and calculate, obtain the final tissue of non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging;
6) the final tissue of the non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging of trying to achieve according to the multiple physical field simulation calculation, contrast the final tissue of simulation calculation and the difference of destination organization under the index evaluation initial process conditions such as ferrite and pearlitic volume fraction from grain-size, dynamic recrystallization distributing homogeneity and forging with the destination organization of non-hardened and tempered steel forging;
7) according to the evaluation result of hot forging tissue, method by iteration, the adjusting process condition, be evenly distributed, avoid occurring ferrite and the reasonable non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging that distributes of perlite in local grain alligatoring and the forging to obtain dynamic recrystallization, thereby make forging have favorable comprehensive mechanical property.
3. the control method of realization non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging forming microtexture according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described multiple physical field coupled simulation is that distortion-Re-microtexture multiple physical field coupled simulation calculates.
4. the control method of described realization non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging forming microtexture according to claim 1 is characterized in that, at the multiple operation hot forging forming technology of complex-shaped non-hardened and tempered steel forging.
5. the control method of realization non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging forming microtexture according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, utilize the calculation analysis tools of commercial software and secondary development, the evolution situation of calculating microtexture in whole non-isothermal hot forging process comprises the variation of the grain size and the volume fraction of microtexture.
6. the control method of realization non-hardened and tempered steel hot forging forming microtexture according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, according to multiple physical field The Coupling result, adjust the thermal forging technology condition by iteration, until the microtexture grain size and the volume fraction that obtain to meet the demands.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102808073A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-12-05 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Non-quenched and tempered steel having ultrafine grained pearlite structure and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN103710529A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-09 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Q235 steel structure performance forecasting method based on ultra-fast cooling system |
| CN105631156A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-06-01 | 燕山大学 | Grain structure uniformity evaluation method for nickel-based high-temperature alloy forging |
| CN110735068A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-01-31 | 中南大学 | Preparation method and application of cobalt-tantalum-zirconium alloy target |
| CN110791634A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-14 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for accurately regulating austenite grain size of low-temperature pressure vessel steel hot rolled plate |
| CN111767665A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-10-13 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Cavity design method of die for blank making of high-temperature alloy disc forging |
| CN113362909A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-07 | 燕山大学 | Method for evaluating grain structure uniformity in alloy steel forging |
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2010
- 2010-11-18 CN CN 201010548439 patent/CN101974672A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102808073A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-12-05 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Non-quenched and tempered steel having ultrafine grained pearlite structure and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN102808073B (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2016-05-04 | 现代自动车株式会社 | There is non-hardened and tempered steel and the manufacture method thereof of Ultra-fine Grained pearlitic structrure |
| CN103710529A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-09 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Q235 steel structure performance forecasting method based on ultra-fast cooling system |
| CN105631156A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-06-01 | 燕山大学 | Grain structure uniformity evaluation method for nickel-based high-temperature alloy forging |
| CN105631156B (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2018-07-06 | 燕山大学 | A kind of grain structure uniformity evaluating method of nickel-based high-temperature alloy forge piece |
| CN110791634A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-14 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for accurately regulating austenite grain size of low-temperature pressure vessel steel hot rolled plate |
| CN110735068A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-01-31 | 中南大学 | Preparation method and application of cobalt-tantalum-zirconium alloy target |
| CN111767665A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-10-13 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Cavity design method of die for blank making of high-temperature alloy disc forging |
| CN111767665B (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2022-11-18 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Cavity design method of die for blank making of high-temperature alloy disc forging |
| CN113362909A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-07 | 燕山大学 | Method for evaluating grain structure uniformity in alloy steel forging |
| CN113362909B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-07-01 | 燕山大学 | Method for evaluating grain structure uniformity in alloy steel forging |
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Open date: 20110216 |